WO2001068942A1 - Spring steel wire - Google Patents

Spring steel wire Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001068942A1
WO2001068942A1 PCT/EP2001/002267 EP0102267W WO0168942A1 WO 2001068942 A1 WO2001068942 A1 WO 2001068942A1 EP 0102267 W EP0102267 W EP 0102267W WO 0168942 A1 WO0168942 A1 WO 0168942A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wire
spring
metallic coating
hardened
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2001/002267
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ludo Adriaensen
Frank De Bruyne
Hans Timmerman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bekaert NV SA
Original Assignee
Bekaert NV SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bekaert NV SA filed Critical Bekaert NV SA
Priority to AU2001239276A priority Critical patent/AU2001239276A1/en
Publication of WO2001068942A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001068942A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C25D7/0607—Wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
    • C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2251/00—Treating composite or clad material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to hardened, tempered spring wire and to a method of manufacturing such spring wire
  • Oil-hardened steel wire is widely used in the spring industry
  • the oil-hardened steel wires are coiled and subsequently, the springs are stress-relieved at a temperature of about 400 to 450 °C
  • the springs are subjected to a shot-peening treatment in order to create compressive stresses at the surface
  • the coiled shot-peened springs are again stress-relieved at about 250 °C
  • Torsion and power springs require that a lubricant coating, such as grease or oil, is applied on the wire surface after the springs are formed in order to avoid the squeaking noise and the fretting of the springs
  • a lubricant coating such as grease or oil
  • these conventionally used lubricants do not avoid the squeaking noise and the fretting to a satisfactory degree
  • Other lubricant coatings such as teflon show better anti-squeakmg characteristics but have the drawback that they are expensive Because of the fretting, fractures of the spring wire are frequently observed Summary of the invention.
  • a spring steel wire comprises a steel core and a metallic coating applied on said steel core
  • the steel core has a martensitic structure and the metallic coating comprises copper
  • the steel core is preferably a hardened, tempered steel wire
  • the metallic coating is a copper layer
  • the metallic coating comprises copper alloys such as a Cu-Zn, a Cu-Sn alloy or a Cu-Zn-Sn alloy
  • a preferred method to apply the metallic coating on the steel core is by electrolysis
  • the thickness of the coating according to the invention is higher than 0 5 g/m 2 , preferably the thickness of the coating is higher than 1 g/m 2 , and more preferably the thickness is higher than 5 g/m 2 , for example 10 g/m 2 or 20 g/m 2
  • the hardened tempered spring wire according to the present invention may be used for the manufacturing of different kinds of springs, such as compression springs, torsion springs and power springs Compression springs are used to resist applied compressive forces or to store energy in the push mode
  • Torsion springs are used to apply a torque or to store rotational energy
  • Power springs also known as motor or flat coil springs, are used to store and release rotation energy in the form of a torque
  • ends of these various types of springs can be configured into hooks, loops or specially designed ends
  • Wire used for the manufacturing of springs may have different cross- sections such as round, square, rectangular, oval, half oval, half round, trapezoidal, triangular cross-sections
  • Compression springs are preferably made from round wire
  • compression springs are made from wires having a diameter ranging between 0 1 and 10 mm Torsion or power springs are preferably made from flat wire
  • This flat wire has preferably a width between 1 and 30 mm, for example between 5 and 25 mm
  • the thickness of the flat wire is preferably between 1 and 6 mm
  • the steel wire may be made of any kind of steel suitable for coiling springs, examples are steel with a high carbon content, chromium- vanadium alloyed steel, chromium-silicon alloyed steel and chromium- silicon-vanadium alloyed steel
  • a method of manufacturing spring wire comprises the steps of deforming the wire to the desired diameter and/or shape, hardening the wire, tempering the wire, applying a metallic coating comprising copper
  • the metallic coating can be applied before the deformation and the hardening of the wire
  • the metallic coating can be applied after the deformation and before the hardening of the wire
  • the metallic coating is applied after the wire is hardened and tempered
  • a preferred method comprises the following steps deforming the wire to the desired diameter and/or shape, hardening the deformed wire, - tempering the hardened wire, applying a metallic coating comprising copper
  • the metallic coating is not deformed after its application, the final thickness of the metallic coating is the same as the initial thickness of the coating
  • the deformation of the wire may comprise the drawing of the wire to the desired diameter It may also comprise the deformation of the wire into a shaped cross-section, for example by flattening or rolling the wire
  • Hardening denotes a series of steps comprising the heating of the wire at a temperature above the austenitizmg temperature for example at a temperature ranging from 850 °C to 950 °C and quenching the steel with a cooling medium, thereby forming a martensite structure
  • the cooling medium can for example be oil, water or a mixture of water with a polymer
  • a preferred hardening method is oil hardening
  • the tempering treatment is carried out at a temperature ranging from 350 to 550 °C, for example in a lead bath
  • any coating technique that results in the application of a coating layer according to this invention can be considered Such techniques are for example vapour deposition, chemical plating, melt plating, melt spraying and electroplating
  • the coating according to the invention is applied electrolytically
  • the coating layer is electrolytically applied on a tempered wire
  • a hydrogen effusion treatment is carried out in order to prevent hydrogen embrittlement
  • This is preferably carried out in a non-oxidising or reducing environment Hydrogen embrittlement has to be avoided, since it causes fractures during the coiling process
  • spring wire according to the present invention can be used for the manufacturing of different kinds of springs
  • a spring wire coated with a metallic layer according to the present invention shows good lubrication properties
  • the metallic layer offers the wire a good coilabihty without applying any additional lubricant such as mineral or synthetic oil This is in particular important for the manufacturing of compression springs
  • the spring wire according to the invention allows it to manufacture high- quality springs with uniform shape
  • the metallic coating comprising copper functions as friction reducing layer and reduces the squeaking noise of the springs
  • a method of reducing the risk of chimney fire during the formation of a compression spring comprises the steps of a providing a hardened and tempered wire, preferably a round wire, b coating said hardened and tempered wire with a metallic coating comprising copper, c forming the coated wire into a spring, whereby said metallic coating is functioning as a lubricant and no other additional lubricant is used
  • the metallic coating layer may withstand the spring annealing temperature The risk of causing fire during the annealing step to remove compressive stresses after coiling is thus avoided
  • a method of reducing the squeaking noise of a torsion or power spring comprises the following steps a providing a hardened and tempered wire, preferably a flat wire, b coating said hardened and tempered wire with a metallic coating comprising copper, c forming said coated wire into a spring, whereby said metallic coating is functioning as a friction reducing layer
  • the spring wire according to the invention does not require an additional treatment, such as the application of teflon after coiling
  • any metallic coating which may withstand the temperature applied during the coiling and annealing process may be applied on the spring wire
  • a wire rod with a carbon content of 0 55 %, further comprising chromium and silicon is drawn to a diameter of 2 to 4 mm
  • the wire is heated at a temperature ranging from 850 °C to 950 °C, and is subsequently quenched in an oil bath
  • the thus obtained wire has a martensitic structure and is tempered at a temperature between 350 °C and 550°C
  • the hardened, tempered wire is then plated in a CuS0 4 bath with a copper layer
  • the thickness of the coating is between 10 and 20 g/m 2
  • a compression spring is formed by coiling the hardened, tempered and coated steel wire Subsequently, the coils are stress-relieved at a temperature of about 400 to 450 °C
  • a spring wire according to the invention more particularly a chromium- silicon spring wire coated with a copper layer has been compared with a conventional chromium-silicon spring wire coated with a phosphate layer and an additional oil-like lubricant
  • the average moving range (AMR) of the spring length variation can be considered as a parameter for determining the coilabihty of the wire.
  • a spring wire according to the invention shows a coiling behavior comparable to a conventional spring wire with a phosphate coating and additionally an oil- hke lubricant
  • a hard rolled flat steel wire of the type 12 mm x 3 mm is hardened and tempered Subsequently, a copper layer is applied electrolytically To avoid hydrogen embrittlement, the wire is subjected to a heat treatment
  • the spring wire is wound to form a power spring
  • the copper layer is functioning as a friction reducing layer

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

A spring wire a steel core with a martensitic structure, covered with a metallic coating comprising copper and a method of manufacturing such spring wire is provided. The spring wire shows good coilability. Furthermore, the anti-squeaking and anti-fretting characteristics of the springs are improved.

Description

SPRING STEEL WIRE
Field of the invention.
The invention relates to hardened, tempered spring wire and to a method of manufacturing such spring wire
Background of the invention.
Oil-hardened steel wire is widely used in the spring industry
The oil-hardened steel wires are coiled and subsequently, the springs are stress-relieved at a temperature of about 400 to 450 °C
In a further step, the springs are subjected to a shot-peening treatment in order to create compressive stresses at the surface Finally, the coiled shot-peened springs are again stress-relieved at about 250 °C
Since the coiling of oil-hardened wire is difficult, it has been ordinary practice to apply a lubricant coating, such as a synthetic or mineral oil, on the wire surface to provide the necessary lubrication during the formation of the springs By applying such a coating, the coilabihty is considerably improved
However, this method has the drawback that the lubricants can cause serious problems concerning safety during the coiling and spring annealing process Lubricant fumes may accumulate in the waste-gas equipment, which can be a possible cause of chimney fire
Torsion and power springs require that a lubricant coating, such as grease or oil, is applied on the wire surface after the springs are formed in order to avoid the squeaking noise and the fretting of the springs However, these conventionally used lubricants do not avoid the squeaking noise and the fretting to a satisfactory degree Other lubricant coatings such as teflon show better anti-squeakmg characteristics but have the drawback that they are expensive Because of the fretting, fractures of the spring wire are frequently observed Summary of the invention.
It is an object of the invention to provide spring wire, for example for compression springs, characterised by a good coiling performance It is also an object to provide spring wire which avoids the risks of causing fire during the coiling processing
It is a further object to provide spring wire covered with a metallic coating functioning as lubricating coating This lubricating coating may withstand the temperatures applied during the annealing of the coiled springs Furthermore, it is an object to provide power springs which have good anti-squeaking characteristics and which does not suffer from fretting
According to a first aspect a spring steel wire is provided The spring steel wire comprises a steel core and a metallic coating applied on said steel core The steel core has a martensitic structure and the metallic coating comprises copper
The steel core is preferably a hardened, tempered steel wire
In a preferred embodiment, the metallic coating is a copper layer In other embodiments the metallic coating comprises copper alloys such as a Cu-Zn, a Cu-Sn alloy or a Cu-Zn-Sn alloy
A preferred method to apply the metallic coating on the steel core is by electrolysis
The thickness of the coating according to the invention is higher than 0 5 g/m2, preferably the thickness of the coating is higher than 1 g/m2, and more preferably the thickness is higher than 5 g/m2, for example 10 g/m2 or 20 g/m2
The hardened tempered spring wire according to the present invention may be used for the manufacturing of different kinds of springs, such as compression springs, torsion springs and power springs Compression springs are used to resist applied compressive forces or to store energy in the push mode
They are generally helical wound springs and are typically coiled as a constant diameter cylinder, although the springs may also have other forms such as conical, tapered, concave or convex forms Torsion springs are used to apply a torque or to store rotational energy Power springs, also known as motor or flat coil springs, are used to store and release rotation energy in the form of a torque The ends of these various types of springs can be configured into hooks, loops or specially designed ends
Wire used for the manufacturing of springs may have different cross- sections such as round, square, rectangular, oval, half oval, half round, trapezoidal, triangular cross-sections
Compression springs are preferably made from round wire In a preferred embodiment compression springs are made from wires having a diameter ranging between 0 1 and 10 mm Torsion or power springs are preferably made from flat wire
This flat wire has preferably a width between 1 and 30 mm, for example between 5 and 25 mm The thickness of the flat wire is preferably between 1 and 6 mm
The steel wire may be made of any kind of steel suitable for coiling springs, examples are steel with a high carbon content, chromium- vanadium alloyed steel, chromium-silicon alloyed steel and chromium- silicon-vanadium alloyed steel
According to a second aspect of the invention a method of manufacturing spring wire is provided This method comprises the steps of deforming the wire to the desired diameter and/or shape, hardening the wire, tempering the wire, applying a metallic coating comprising copper
These steps can be carried out in different sequences For example, the metallic coating can be applied before the deformation and the hardening of the wire
Alternatively, the metallic coating can be applied after the deformation and before the hardening of the wire
In still another method, the metallic coating is applied after the wire is hardened and tempered
A preferred method comprises the following steps deforming the wire to the desired diameter and/or shape, hardening the deformed wire, - tempering the hardened wire, applying a metallic coating comprising copper In this method the metallic coating is not deformed after its application, the final thickness of the metallic coating is the same as the initial thickness of the coating
The deformation of the wire may comprise the drawing of the wire to the desired diameter It may also comprise the deformation of the wire into a shaped cross-section, for example by flattening or rolling the wire
Hardening denotes a series of steps comprising the heating of the wire at a temperature above the austenitizmg temperature for example at a temperature ranging from 850 °C to 950 °C and quenching the steel with a cooling medium, thereby forming a martensite structure The cooling medium can for example be oil, water or a mixture of water with a polymer
A preferred hardening method is oil hardening The tempering treatment is carried out at a temperature ranging from 350 to 550 °C, for example in a lead bath
The duration and the temperature of this heat treatment determine the final hardness and tensile strength of the steel wires
A number of techniques can be employed to coat the wire with a metallic coating layer according to the invention
As a matter of fact, any coating technique that results in the application of a coating layer according to this invention can be considered Such techniques are for example vapour deposition, chemical plating, melt plating, melt spraying and electroplating
Preferably, the coating according to the invention is applied electrolytically
In the case the coating layer is electrolytically applied on a tempered wire, it is preferred that a hydrogen effusion treatment is carried out in order to prevent hydrogen embrittlement This is preferably carried out in a non-oxidising or reducing environment Hydrogen embrittlement has to be avoided, since it causes fractures during the coiling process
As mentioned before, spring wire according to the present invention can be used for the manufacturing of different kinds of springs
A spring wire coated with a metallic layer according to the present invention shows good lubrication properties The metallic layer offers the wire a good coilabihty without applying any additional lubricant such as mineral or synthetic oil This is in particular important for the manufacturing of compression springs The spring wire according to the invention allows it to manufacture high- quality springs with uniform shape In case of torsion or power springs, the metallic coating comprising copper functions as friction reducing layer and reduces the squeaking noise of the springs
According to another aspect a method of reducing the risk of chimney fire during the formation of a compression spring is provided This method comprises the steps of a providing a hardened and tempered wire, preferably a round wire, b coating said hardened and tempered wire with a metallic coating comprising copper, c forming the coated wire into a spring, whereby said metallic coating is functioning as a lubricant and no other additional lubricant is used
The application of an additional lubricant layer, other than the coating layer comprising copper, is not necessary
The metallic coating layer may withstand the spring annealing temperature The risk of causing fire during the annealing step to remove compressive stresses after coiling is thus avoided
According to a further aspect of the present invention a method of reducing the squeaking noise of a torsion or power spring is provided The method comprises the following steps a providing a hardened and tempered wire, preferably a flat wire, b coating said hardened and tempered wire with a metallic coating comprising copper, c forming said coated wire into a spring, whereby said metallic coating is functioning as a friction reducing layer
A great advantage over the conventional torsion and power springs is that the spring wire according to the invention does not require an additional treatment, such as the application of teflon after coiling For the manufacturing of torsion or power springs, in principle any metallic coating which may withstand the temperature applied during the coiling and annealing process may be applied on the spring wire
Description of the preferred embodiments of the invention.
As a matter of example, some methods of manufacturing springs are provided
In a first method, a wire rod with a carbon content of 0 55 %, further comprising chromium and silicon is drawn to a diameter of 2 to 4 mm
The wire is heated at a temperature ranging from 850 °C to 950 °C, and is subsequently quenched in an oil bath
The thus obtained wire has a martensitic structure and is tempered at a temperature between 350 °C and 550°C
The hardened, tempered wire is then plated in a CuS04 bath with a copper layer
The thickness of the coating is between 10 and 20 g/m2
A compression spring is formed by coiling the hardened, tempered and coated steel wire Subsequently, the coils are stress-relieved at a temperature of about 400 to 450 °C
By subjecting the coils to a shot-peening treatment compressive stresses are created at the surface
Finally, the coiled shot-peened springs are again stress-relieved at about 250 °C
Following test shows the coilabihty behavior of spring wire according to the invention
A spring wire according to the invention, more particularly a chromium- silicon spring wire coated with a copper layer has been compared with a conventional chromium-silicon spring wire coated with a phosphate layer and an additional oil-like lubricant For each type of wire 200 compression springs have been coiled These compression springs have following geometry average spring diameter : Dm = 18 5 mm , number of active coils : na = 53, - free spring length . L0 = 320 mm; wire length per spring . L = 3150 mm The average moving range (AMR) of the spring length variation can be considered as a parameter for determining the coilabihty of the wire The results (relative) are summarised in the following table
Table 1
Figure imgf000009_0001
From the results of table 1 , one can conclude that a spring wire according to the invention shows a coiling behavior comparable to a conventional spring wire with a phosphate coating and additionally an oil- hke lubricant
The spring wire according to the invention has the advantage over the conventional spring wire that the application of an additional lubricant such as oil is not necessary
Thereby, the risk of creating chimney fire is avoided
For the manufacturing of a power spring, a hard rolled flat steel wire of the type 12 mm x 3 mm is hardened and tempered Subsequently, a copper layer is applied electrolytically To avoid hydrogen embrittlement, the wire is subjected to a heat treatment
In the next step, the spring wire is wound to form a power spring
The copper layer is functioning as a friction reducing layer
The power spring shows improved anti-fretting and anti-squeaking characteristics without the application of any additional lubricant such as teflon

Claims

1 A spring steel wire comprising a steel core and a metallic coating applied on said steel core, characterised in that said steel core has a martensitic structure and that said metallic coating comprises copper
2 A wire according to claim 1 , whereby said steel core is a hardened, tempered steel wire
3 A wire according to claims 1 or 2, whereby said metallic coating is a copper layer
A wire according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby said metallic coating layer is electrolytically applied
A wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4, whereby said metallic coating is not deformed after its application
A wire according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby said coating has a thickness of at least 1 g/m2
A wire according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby said wire is a round wire with a diameter ranging from 0 1 to 10 mm
A wire according to any one of the preceding claims whereby said wire is a flat wire with a width ranging from 1 to 30 mm and a thickness ranging from 1 to 6 mm
A method of manufacturing a spring steel wire according to anyone of the preceding claims, said method comprising the steps of deforming the wire to the desired diameter and/or shape, hardening -l i ¬
the wire; tempering the wire, applying a metallic coating comprising copper to the hardened, tempered wire
10 A method according to claim 9, whereby said deforming comprises the drawing of the wire.
11 A method according to claim 9, whereby said deforming comprises the rolling or flattening of the wire
12 A method according to claim 9, whereby said hardening is oil hardening
13 A method according to claim 9, whereby said tempering is carried out at a temperature ranging from 350 to 550 °C
14 A method according to claim 9, whereby said metallic coating is applied electrolytically.
15 A method according to claim 9, whereby the hardened, tempered and coated wire is subjected to a heat treatment in order to avoid hydrogen embrittlement
16 A spring made from a spring wire according to any one of claims 1 to 8, whereby said spring is a compression spring, a torsion spring or a power spring
17 A method of reducing the risk of chimney fire during formation of a compression spring, said method comprising the following steps a providing a hardened and tempered wire, preferably a round wire, b coating said hardened and tempered wire with a metallic coating comprising copper, c forming the coated wire into a spring, whereby said metallic coating is functioning as a lubricant and no other additional lubricant is used.
18 A method of reducing the squeaking noise of a torsion or power spring, said method comprising the following steps a providing a hardened and tempered wire, preferably a flat wire; b coating said hardened and tempered wire with a metallic coating comprising copper; c forming the coated wire into a spring; whereby said coating layer is functioning as a friction reducing layer
PCT/EP2001/002267 2000-03-16 2001-02-28 Spring steel wire Ceased WO2001068942A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001239276A AU2001239276A1 (en) 2000-03-16 2001-02-28 Spring steel wire

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00200931 2000-03-16
EP00200931.4 2000-03-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001068942A1 true WO2001068942A1 (en) 2001-09-20

Family

ID=8171199

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2001/002267 Ceased WO2001068942A1 (en) 2000-03-16 2001-02-28 Spring steel wire

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2001239276A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001068942A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104278306A (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-01-14 无锡市天力五金弹簧厂 Surface treatment process for spring
US20150114783A1 (en) * 2013-10-24 2015-04-30 Borgwarner Inc. Freewheel and freewheel arrangement
CN108138276A (en) * 2015-10-09 2018-06-08 江阴贝卡尔特钢丝制品有限公司 Elongated steel wire with metallic coating for corrosion resistance
CN115181971A (en) * 2017-03-31 2022-10-14 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 Copper or copper alloy strip and reciprocating coil and method of making same

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4810593A (en) * 1985-10-11 1989-03-07 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. High-strength conductors and process for manufacturing same
JPH01142027A (en) * 1987-11-30 1989-06-02 Nhk Spring Co Ltd Method and apparatus for manufacturing high-strength spring material
EP0330752B1 (en) * 1988-02-29 1994-03-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Superhigh-strength superfine wire, and reinforcing materials and composite materials incorporating the same
EP0571521B1 (en) * 1991-02-14 1995-06-28 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin-Michelin & Cie Metal wire consisting of a steel substrate with a cold hardened annealed martensitic structure, and a coating
JPH10299803A (en) * 1997-04-22 1998-11-13 Kobe Steel Ltd High strength spring favourable in environmental brittleness resistance
JPH11302817A (en) * 1998-04-24 1999-11-02 Totoku Electric Co Ltd High conductivity type suspension wire

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4810593A (en) * 1985-10-11 1989-03-07 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. High-strength conductors and process for manufacturing same
JPH01142027A (en) * 1987-11-30 1989-06-02 Nhk Spring Co Ltd Method and apparatus for manufacturing high-strength spring material
EP0330752B1 (en) * 1988-02-29 1994-03-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Superhigh-strength superfine wire, and reinforcing materials and composite materials incorporating the same
EP0571521B1 (en) * 1991-02-14 1995-06-28 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin-Michelin & Cie Metal wire consisting of a steel substrate with a cold hardened annealed martensitic structure, and a coating
JPH10299803A (en) * 1997-04-22 1998-11-13 Kobe Steel Ltd High strength spring favourable in environmental brittleness resistance
JPH11302817A (en) * 1998-04-24 1999-11-02 Totoku Electric Co Ltd High conductivity type suspension wire

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 399 (C - 632) 5 September 1989 (1989-09-05) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 02 26 February 1999 (1999-02-26) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 02 29 February 2000 (2000-02-29) *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150114783A1 (en) * 2013-10-24 2015-04-30 Borgwarner Inc. Freewheel and freewheel arrangement
US9624989B2 (en) * 2013-10-24 2017-04-18 Borgwarner Inc. Freewheel and freewheel arrangement
CN104278306A (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-01-14 无锡市天力五金弹簧厂 Surface treatment process for spring
CN108138276A (en) * 2015-10-09 2018-06-08 江阴贝卡尔特钢丝制品有限公司 Elongated steel wire with metallic coating for corrosion resistance
EP3359703A4 (en) * 2015-10-09 2019-05-15 NV Bekaert SA ELONGATED STEEL WIRE WITH METALLIC COATING FOR CORROSION RESISTANCE
CN108138276B (en) * 2015-10-09 2021-05-25 江阴贝卡尔特钢丝制品有限公司 Slim wire with metal coating for corrosion resistance
CN115181971A (en) * 2017-03-31 2022-10-14 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 Copper or copper alloy strip and reciprocating coil and method of making same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001239276A1 (en) 2001-09-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2444203B1 (en) Vehicle suspension coil spring and method for manufacturing same
CN100582254C (en) Method for manufacturing high-strength spring
RU2096496C1 (en) Metal wire and method of manufacturing thereof
US7255758B2 (en) Steel wire and method of manufacturing the same
WO2001068942A1 (en) Spring steel wire
US4568394A (en) Method of manufacturing springs, including the production of wire therefor
CA1309323C (en) Oil quench hardening and tempering and hard drawn steel wire of shaped section and process for producing the same
WO2001079568A1 (en) Method for the production of a part of a rolling bearing
EP0958395A1 (en) Chromium-silicon spring wire
EP0656427A1 (en) Oil-tempered wire and process for producing the same
US12065867B2 (en) Actuator for opening and closing a door or a tailgate of a car
JP2000282176A (en) Steel wire for heat resistant spring and method of manufacturing the same
WO2021249686A1 (en) Helical compression spring with non-round cross-section for an actuator for opening and closing a door or a tailgate of a car
JP7555943B2 (en) Compression coil spring for actuator for opening and closing a vehicle door or tailgate
JPH1150080A (en) Lubricating method for pre-die lubricant for wire drawing and base material for high-strength bolts
JP3533015B2 (en) Stainless steel wire for spring excellent in coiling characteristics and method of manufacturing the same
CA1213815A (en) Implantation of certain solid lubricants into certain metallic surfaces by mechanical inclusion
JPH08155572A (en) Anticorrosion and decarburization spring manufacturing method
JPH06340995A (en) High corrosion resistance suspension spring manufacturing method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP