WO2002005261A2 - Repartition dynamique de puissance dans un systeme sonore multicanaux - Google Patents

Repartition dynamique de puissance dans un systeme sonore multicanaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002005261A2
WO2002005261A2 PCT/US2001/021755 US0121755W WO0205261A2 WO 2002005261 A2 WO2002005261 A2 WO 2002005261A2 US 0121755 W US0121755 W US 0121755W WO 0205261 A2 WO0205261 A2 WO 0205261A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
channel
threshold
audio
processing system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2001/021755
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English (en)
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WO2002005261A3 (fr
Inventor
James J. Croft, Iii
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Genasys Inc
Original Assignee
American Technology Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by American Technology Corp filed Critical American Technology Corp
Priority to AU2001278891A priority Critical patent/AU2001278891A1/en
Priority to US10/332,660 priority patent/US7298852B2/en
Priority to EP01957118A priority patent/EP1319224A4/fr
Priority to CA002414501A priority patent/CA2414501A1/fr
Priority to JP2002508785A priority patent/JP2004511927A/ja
Publication of WO2002005261A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002005261A2/fr
Publication of WO2002005261A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002005261A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US11/986,568 priority patent/US20080137872A1/en
Priority to US12/197,799 priority patent/US8588428B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to multiple channel sound systems. More particularly, the present invention relates to power distribution in multiple channel sound systems.
  • surround sound systems are a predominant delivery system for sound reproduction.
  • Surround sound systems typically have 5 or more channels and at least one woofer or sub-woofer channel.
  • a surround sound system generally uses the front center channel(s) for human voice and the dominant sounds in the program source, or for sounds which are meant have a sonic image centered with picture.
  • the additional channels are used for special effects or other sounds, which have non- center front image placement or spatial movement.
  • Channels behind the viewer or listener are used to simulate sound approaching from behind the viewer or to provide ambient, spatial, or enveloping sounds. This type of speaker arrangement can allow the viewer or listener to hear a virtual jet or space vehicle fly from their left side to their right side or even from behind.
  • volume cues to provide the illusion of movement.
  • a speaker's output can increase until it reaches its maximum volume and then the sound decreases as the jet passes away.
  • Directional cues are most often dominated by the speaker(s) having the loudest output.
  • Most program sources tend to have greater signal levels sent to a particular channel at a given point in time to achieve audible direction or movement to the sound.
  • One disadvantage with such a system is that any one or more of the channels can be driven into overload by high intensity signals building in one channel or high-level directional signals as they move from channel to channel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a circuit for dynamic power sharing in a multi-channel sound system in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of channels 1-3 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of a channel circuit that can sense other threshold parameters besides amplifier power clipping
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel system with digital power sharing steering logic
  • FIG. 4 illustrates power sharing with respect to a center channel
  • FIG. 5 illustrates power sharing with respect to a side channel
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a general method for power sharing
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a more specific method for power sharing.
  • the signal processing system includes a first channel having a first audio signal.
  • a second channel is included that has at least a second audio signal.
  • a processor is included that is responsive to a signal level threshold in the first channel, such that at the threshold and above the threshold, a portion of the first channel audio signal is mixed into the at least a second audio channel.
  • the system includes a signal processing system for use in a multichannel audio system.
  • the system comprises N channels where n > 1 and an audio signal corresponding to each channel.
  • a signal level threshold is associated with each channel.
  • a signal processor is responsive to the signal level threshold such that upon any channel reaching the signal threshold, the signal processor routes at least a portion of the audio signal of the channel reaching the signal threshold to at least one other channel of the multichannel audio system.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a method for increasing apparent acoustic output of a multi-channel sound system containing multiple channels where each channel has an audio signal.
  • the first step is selecting at least one signal of at least one channel of the multi channel sound system.
  • Another step is selecting a predetermined parameter threshold corresponding to signal level.
  • a further step is sending a portion of the audio signal associated with at least one channel of the multi-channel sound system to at least one other channel of the multi-channel sound system when the signal reaches the predetermined parameter threshold.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic of one embodiment of a circuit for dynamic power sharing in a multi-channel sound system in accordance with the present invention.
  • a multi-channel sound system includes 3 or more channels, such that for any one channel there are two corresponding channels with directional vectors and sound output on each side of the one channel.
  • a channel signal 10 enters a summing amplifier 12. If an overload signal is present then that will be received on a corresponding channel input 14. The original channel signal will be summed with any overload signals and sent to channel 1 s amplifier 16. The original signal or the combination signal can at some point overload the channel.
  • a specified signal threshold such as amplifier overload of the first channel
  • the first channel is limited in output and any increases in signal for that channel are routed to the two corresponding channels on each side of the first channel. This is in contrast to conventional systems where the amplifier upon entering into overload can clip or distort the signal before it is delivered to the load 18 or audio transducer.
  • a differential amplifier 20 is used in the present system to receive a first input from Channel 1 s output and a second input from the summing amplifier.
  • the output of the differential amplifier is the difference between the signal entering the amplifier and the signal leaving the amplifier or the signal amount by which the channel is overloaded.
  • the differential amplifier preferably uses a unity gain but gain can also be used. Gain would only be incorporated into the differential amplifier when an amplified signal was required to be delivered to the corresponding channels. For example, gain might be used if the corresponding overflow channels are more distant from the listener than the original speakers.
  • the signal from the differential amplifier 20 is routed to at least one other corresponding channel.
  • FIG.l illustrates that the difference signal is provided to channel 2 and channel 3 (40 and 42).
  • This circuit can also transfer their overload to other channels through their own differential amplifiers 44, 46.
  • This circuit is depicted as an analog circuit but it can also be implemented as a digital signal processor (DSP) or in software which has the same digital functionality.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • Each channel has a threshold limit and when the signal passes that threshold then the signal above or near that threshold is passed over to other channels.
  • the threshold limit may be based on, but not limited to, amplifier clipping, excursion limits of the transducer, frequency dependent limiting, thermal limits, etc.
  • the source channel can be made to include a phase lead compared to the corresponding supplementary channels so as to further support directionality cues psycho-acoustically. When a listener hears the source channel earlier than the supplementary channels, there is further psychoacoustic reinforcement for the user to hear the source channel as the directional source of the sound.
  • the supplementary channels can affect the volume but the user mentally filters out the directionality from those channels because they are heard a very short time later.
  • Delay circuitry can be incorporated between the channels or included as part of the differential amplifier to provide the required phase lead. If the second or third channels that receive the rerouted signal also reach their signal threshold,' that overload can be divided and routed to one or more additional channels. When the present invention is applied to a five-channel system and channel 1 is overloaded, a portion of the signal at or above overload can be rerouted to channels 2 and 3. It may be of further advantage to limit, compress or reduce the gain of the channel reaching an overload threshold and do it in such a way as to limit audible distortion from that channel. If channel 2 or 3 also becomes overloaded, a portion of that signal can be rerouted to channel 4 and/or 5.
  • one embodiment of the invention can substantially eliminate tonal distortions, due to channel overload, while at the same time preserve the accurately perceived directionality cues.
  • a further threshold detector can be included so if channel 1 starts to limit, then more of channel 1 s signal is shared with channel two than channel three at the limiting point. This way as the signal is portioned off to the other two channels, more of the signal is sent to channel two than channel three. In some cases this can maintain a more accurate spatial image position, such as if channel one is a right front channel, channel two is a center channel and channel three is a right surround channel. This asymmetrical mixing can also be beneficial if channel two is a more robust channel than channel three and therefore can accommodate more signal before it reaches overload.
  • the source channel may also want to have a phase lead relative to the supporting channels or alternatively, the other two supporting channels may include a time delay relative to the primary source channel or other known psycho-acoustic characteristics may be applied to maintain directionality cues in the significant channel(s).
  • a ratio splitter can be included with the differential amplifier circuitry. This way a larger ratio of the signal can be sent to a front speaker and a smaller ratio to the back speaker or vice- versa.
  • each channel or speaker may be reduced to carry a smaller capacity.
  • the additional signal is rerouted to the other associated channels. This approach can provide the same amount of apparent sound output as a larger system, while using a smaller overall system, including either lower output speakers and/or reduced amplifier power.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic of components contained in the channels 1-3 in FIG. 1.
  • the audio signal 60 enters the channel 16 and passes through the gain controlled amplifier 62.
  • the output amplifier 64 then amplifies the signal.
  • a differential amplifier 66 compares the difference between the input signal 71 and the output signal 72 for the output amplifier. When the output amplifier begins to clip or to overload then the output signal will be less than the input signal.
  • the differential amplifier then sends a difference signal to the gain controlled amplifier based on the difference between the input and output of the output amplifier.
  • the gain controlled amplifier has a variable component (such as a variable resistor) which is tuned to hold the signal to a certain level, according to the input from the difference amplifier, and to keep the signal from clipping further.
  • a rectification circuit 68 is used to produce an absolute value for the differential signal delivered by the differential amplifier. This way both the positive and negative portions of the signal will have positive gain control to reduce distortion and/or clipping.
  • a filter 70 is used before the differential signal reaches the gain controlled amplifier to remove noise from the feedback circuit.
  • the threshold limit at which the first channel begins to transfer power to other channels can be based on signal frequency, thermal characteristics, excursion limits of the transducer, amplifier clipping, physical transducer characteristics, thermal transducer characteristics, thermal effects on amplifier, signal effects on amplifier, power effects on amplifier, and other similar phenomenon which can affect the signal or the components of the system.
  • FIG. 2a illustrates a circuit that can sense other threshold parameters besides amplifier clipping.
  • the gain controlled amplifier 62 receives the input signal and passes that to the output amplifier 64 which then delivers an output signal 72 to the load.
  • the gain controlled amplifier is not controlled by an amplifier feedback in this case, but it is controlled by a gain control circuit 74.
  • the signal or voltage produced by the gain control circuit is determined by the threshold limit sensor 76.
  • the threshold limit sensor can be a physical environment sensor, stress gauge sensor, heat sensor, signal sensor, or a voltage sensor. For example, if the excursion limits of the transducer are defined as the maximum threshold limit, then a sensor can be used at the transducer (e.g., speaker cone) to determine when the transducer approaches the maximum physical displacement before it is damaged. The maximum displacement can also be measured based on the maximum safe voltage threshold for the transducer. When the voltage approaches a maximum voltage that can damage the transducer then the gain control circuit reduces the gain in the gain controlled amplifier.
  • the threshold limit sensor operates in the same fashion for a temperature sensor or a maximum frequency sensor. The signal can also be limited based on the temperature of the operating components. FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic of a multi-channel system with power sharing steering logic.
  • the analog circuits shown FIGS. 1 and 2 may be implemented in a digital signal processing chip (DSP) 80.
  • DSP digital signal processing chip
  • a first input 82 can be summed together in a summing circuit 84 with overload signals 88 from other channels.
  • the input signal is then passed onto Channel 1 (86) and into the power sharing steering logic. If Channel 1 begins to overload, then that overloaded signal can be diverted to Channel 2 or 3 through their summing circuits 84a, 84b. It is also possible that portions of the overloaded signal can be diverted to Channels 3 and
  • the overload signal from one channel may be divided between the other channels in several ways.
  • One method is picking two or more channels corresponding to a primary channel and then dividing the signal equally between them.
  • Another method is dividing the signal between two or more channels based on the physical location of those channels. For example, a rear speaker can have less output delivered to it than a front speaker. It is also possible that a given channel will have any one, two, three or more of the channels as its corresponding channel.
  • Channel 1 can route its signal to channel 5 or to channels 3, 4, and 5.
  • the configuration of the overload is based on the number of channels available, the amount of overload that exists at a given point in time, and the audio image that the system should present.
  • a preferred embodiment of this device reroutes the overloaded portion of the signal to two other channels.
  • Dynamic power sharing can be used with two speaker stereo systems. When the first channel reaches the overload signal threshold, then the signal power over that threshold is diverted to the second channel. Similarly, even a multiple channel system can divert the power over a certain threshold to only one channel instead of dividing it between two. While this would ameliorate tonal distortions due to overload, it may still be preferable to mix the signal level above the threshold to at least two additional channels, preferably ones that have speakers straddling the primary channel which can be placed physically between the two additional channels.
  • the power can be rerouted to three or more other channels based on the directionality that is desired. For example, several channels and transducers can be physically stacked on top of each other. As the first channel begins to overload, the signal can be rerouted to a second speaker that is physically above the first speaker. This maintains directionality and provides a stronger undistorted signal as needed. Since a speaker is only driven to its maximum level a small portion of the time, using two smaller speakers to replace one larger speaker can be space and cost effective.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates power sharing with respect to a center channel.
  • a signal that is delivered to the center channel 410 reaches a threshold value, overloads, or reaches a clipping point it can be symmetrically divided and transferred to the counterclockwise 460 and clockwise 420 front channels.
  • the amount of signal above the threshold is routed to the left 460 and right 420 channels.
  • the signal is divided symmetrically to avoid substantial audio image movement away from the center channel or transducer. This is possible because it is a common practice to locate the two front side channels symmetrically adjacent to the center channel.
  • a virtual source 412 is produced that is larger than the output capability of the original center channel.
  • the signals from these channels can be rerouted to the right 430 and left 450 surround sound channels and their transducers.
  • Some surround sound systems can optionally include a sixth rear speaker 440 and this sixth channel can be used to receive rerouted portions of an overloaded signal from the surround sound channels.
  • the overload signal can be routed to the adjacent surround channels. If the surround channels overload from the sixth channel, then other channels can be selected to increase the overall sound output.
  • the system can send the overloaded portions of the signal to one or more subwoofers in the system.
  • dotted vectors 480, 490 represent directional output and cues provided by the auxiliary loudspeakers.
  • the combined dotted vectors create a virtual direction vector that sum together in the direction of the solid line, so that the original direction vector does not audibly move.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates power sharing with respect to a side channel.
  • An overloaded side channel may be treated differently in order to preserve the spatial orientation of the sound image.
  • the signal can be divided asymmetrically. The larger portion of the signal overload can be sent to the center channel 510 and the remaining portion of the overloaded signal can be sent to the right rear surround channel 530. Providing the larger portion of the signal to the front right channel helps reduce the sound image drift. If the overload signal is divided symmetrically, then this could cause the sound image to move behind the listener. This is because the surround transducers are usually weaker and placed farther away than the front speakers.
  • the signal when the speakers to the right and left of the speaker of interest overload, the signal can be rerouted to an adjacent speaker, which is not yet overloaded.
  • the overload signal can be rerouted to one or more of the other channels 540, 550.
  • a virtual sound source is created 512, but it actually may be shifted more toward the rear surround speaker than the figure illustrates. Even if the image moves slightly in the present invention, this is much better than having a clipped signal, which provides audible distortion. Humans tend to have reduced levels of psycho-acoustic perception for sounds that move with respect to the side of the head, as compared to sounds that move in front of the face.
  • the threshold limit at which the first channel begins to transfer power to other channels can be based on any of a variety of parameters such as signal frequency, component thermal characteristics, excursion or displacement of the loudspeaker diaphragm, amplifier clipping, and other similar phenomenon which can affect the. original signal, cause damage to a system component, alter performance, or even cause local sound pressure levels to be greater than desired near a single channel.
  • the triggering threshold could be some combination of any of the parameters or even an arbitrary value to create a desired sonic effect.
  • One step is selecting a signal from a channel of the multi-channel sound system 610.
  • Another step is selecting a predetermined parameter threshold corresponding to signal level 620.
  • a further step is sending a portion of the audio signal associated with at least one channel of the multi channel sound system to at least one other channel of the multi-channel sound system, when the signal reaches the predetermined parameter threshold.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates that it can be useful in some systems to apply the invention in a such a way as to encode the audio program material to be performed with software or hardware control codes prior to or during recording on an audio source medium 710.
  • a power sharing function can be activated 720.
  • the power sharing can perform the step of limiting a given channel's signal level and rerouting a portion of that signal to one or more other channels 730.
  • This approach can be generalized to operate with any system to minimize the demands on any particular channel or channels of that system.
  • the encoded software approach can be optimized for a particular audio system or can have adaptive settings for re-adapting the threshold parameter(s) for a variety of different systems, each with different characteristics.
  • the use of encoded software or hardware to preprogram power sharing could be implemented by a variety of specific applications, including (i) setting thresholds or implementing preprogrammed thresholds during recording or re-recording of the audio material for listening; (ii) applying arbitrary preset levels as estimated thresholds, based on the specific type of audio system to be used for playback; and (iii) incorporating a simple diagnostic program as part of the hardware or software preprogramming of the recorded material, thereby enabling automatic assessment of the audio system to be used, with derivation of appropriate threshold values from running the diagnostic test sequence.
  • a CD, flash memory, hard drive or other recorded medium could include an embedded diagnostic sequence that tests system hardware and speakers to identify specific threshold values needed.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de traitement de signaux pour un système audio multicanaux, comprenant un premier canal ayant un premier signal audio, un second canal ayant au moins un second signal audio, et un processeur sensible à un certain seuil d'intensité de signal dans le premier canal, de sorte qu'au niveau du seuil et au-dessus de celui-ci, une partie du signal audio du premier canal est mélangée dans le second canal audio.
PCT/US2001/021755 2000-07-11 2001-07-11 Repartition dynamique de puissance dans un systeme sonore multicanaux Ceased WO2002005261A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001278891A AU2001278891A1 (en) 2000-07-11 2001-07-11 Dynamic power sharing in a multi-channel sound system
US10/332,660 US7298852B2 (en) 2001-07-11 2001-07-11 Dynamic power sharing in a multi-channel sound system
EP01957118A EP1319224A4 (fr) 2000-07-11 2001-07-11 Repartition dynamique de puissance dans un systeme sonore multicanaux
CA002414501A CA2414501A1 (fr) 2000-07-11 2001-07-11 Repartition dynamique de puissance dans un systeme sonore multicanaux
JP2002508785A JP2004511927A (ja) 2000-07-11 2001-07-11 パラメトリックスピーカー用電力アンプ
US11/986,568 US20080137872A1 (en) 2000-07-11 2007-11-20 Dynamic power sharing in a multi-channel sound system
US12/197,799 US8588428B2 (en) 2000-07-11 2008-08-25 Dynamic power sharing in a multi-channel sound system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US21726600P 2000-07-11 2000-07-11
US60/217,266 2000-07-11

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10332660 A-371-Of-International 2001-07-11
US11/986,568 Continuation US20080137872A1 (en) 2000-07-11 2007-11-20 Dynamic power sharing in a multi-channel sound system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002005261A2 true WO2002005261A2 (fr) 2002-01-17
WO2002005261A3 WO2002005261A3 (fr) 2002-06-27

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PCT/US2001/021755 Ceased WO2002005261A2 (fr) 2000-07-11 2001-07-11 Repartition dynamique de puissance dans un systeme sonore multicanaux

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EP (1) EP1319224A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004511927A (fr)
CN (1) CN1452850A (fr)
AU (1) AU2001278891A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2414501A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002005261A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

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JP2009520419A (ja) * 2005-12-20 2009-05-21 フラウンホッファー−ゲゼルシャフト ツァ フェルダールング デァ アンゲヴァンテン フォアシュンク エー．ファオ ２つの入力チャンネルを使用して３つの出力チャンネルを合成させる装置および方法
US8588428B2 (en) 2000-07-11 2013-11-19 Lrad Corporation Dynamic power sharing in a multi-channel sound system
US10321232B2 (en) 2015-04-02 2019-06-11 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation Distributed amplification for adaptive audio rendering systems
US20250233969A1 (en) * 2024-01-15 2025-07-17 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Signal processing apparatus, control method for signal processing apparatus, and recording medium

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JP6266174B2 (ja) * 2014-10-21 2018-01-24 ボルトサーバー インコーポレーティッドＶｏｌｔｓｅｒｖｅｒ，Ｉｎｃ． デジタル電力レシーバシステム
JP2019096947A (ja) * 2017-11-20 2019-06-20 クラリオン株式会社 オーディオ装置及びオーディオ信号のレベル調節方法
CN107995624B (zh) * 2017-12-07 2021-03-19 北京陌陌信息技术有限公司 基于多路径数据传输进行声音数据输出的方法

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8588428B2 (en) 2000-07-11 2013-11-19 Lrad Corporation Dynamic power sharing in a multi-channel sound system
JP2009520419A (ja) * 2005-12-20 2009-05-21 フラウンホッファー−ゲゼルシャフト ツァ フェルダールング デァ アンゲヴァンテン フォアシュンク エー．ファオ ２つの入力チャンネルを使用して３つの出力チャンネルを合成させる装置および方法
JP4792086B2 (ja) * 2005-12-20 2011-10-12 フラウンホッファー−ゲゼルシャフト ツァ フェルダールング デァ アンゲヴァンテン フォアシュンク エー．ファオ ２つの入力チャンネルを使用して３つの出力チャンネルを合成させる装置および方法
US10321232B2 (en) 2015-04-02 2019-06-11 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation Distributed amplification for adaptive audio rendering systems
US20250233969A1 (en) * 2024-01-15 2025-07-17 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Signal processing apparatus, control method for signal processing apparatus, and recording medium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2004511927A (ja) 2004-04-15
AU2001278891A1 (en) 2002-01-21
WO2002005261A3 (fr) 2002-06-27
EP1319224A4 (fr) 2007-03-14
CA2414501A1 (fr) 2002-01-17
CN1452850A (zh) 2003-10-29
EP1319224A2 (fr) 2003-06-18

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