WO2003012907A2 - Reacteur a piles a combustibles haute temperature comportant des cellules hpd - Google Patents

Reacteur a piles a combustibles haute temperature comportant des cellules hpd Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003012907A2
WO2003012907A2 PCT/DE2002/002765 DE0202765W WO03012907A2 WO 2003012907 A2 WO2003012907 A2 WO 2003012907A2 DE 0202765 W DE0202765 W DE 0202765W WO 03012907 A2 WO03012907 A2 WO 03012907A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
air
cell reactor
tubes
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2002/002765
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2003012907A3 (fr
Inventor
Horst Greiner
Wilhelm Kleinlein
Norbert Landgraf
Werner Merz
Hermann Schichl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of WO2003012907A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003012907A2/fr
Publication of WO2003012907A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003012907A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
    • H01M4/8626—Porous electrodes characterised by the form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/1231—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/243—Grouping of unit cells of tubular or cylindrical configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a l high-temperature fuel cell reactor with HPD cells from individual tubes, which are connected in series fluidically, wherein means are present for the introduction of air into the pipes and from the pipes Heilaus effet.
  • SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
  • a SOFC fuel cell consists of the following components: - A fuel electrode (anode) made of a zirconium oxide /
  • Nickel cermet an electrolyte made of doped zirconium oxide (YSZ) and an air electrode (cathode made of a perovskite
  • the solid electrolyte consists of ceramic zirconium oxide, which becomes oxygen-conducting when 16 to 20 atom% of the tetravalent zirconium is replaced by a trivalent ion, especially yttrium or scandium.
  • the cathode is designed as a porous carrier tube, on which a lanthanum-strontium-chromate interconnector is deposited in a strip shape, for example by plasma spraying, which is used for current discharge on the cathode side.
  • a gas-tight YSZ electrolyte layer is produced on the tube circumference, whereupon the Ni / YSZ anode is applied and sintered in.
  • Such a tube unit is the essential technical element of the SOFC and can deliver electrical power at temperatures of approx. 950 ° C up to 150 W.
  • individual cells are combined into bundles via nickel coatings and nickel felts by series and parallel connection.
  • a bundle consists of eight cells connected in series, three of which are connected in parallel.
  • a high-temperature fuel cell reactor is already known from the prior art, which is optimized with regard to its technical design and has so-called HPD (High Power Density) cells.
  • HPD High Power Density
  • Each air inlet duct of an HPD cell has a separate air inlet tube and an air deflector integrated in the tube.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a high-temperature fuel cell reactor with HPD cells, which is technically simpler and in which the production costs are lower.
  • the additional air inlet pipe is omitted. Instead, longer supporting structures of the cell are used. By eliminating the expensive ceramic Air inlet pipes result in a considerable addition to the reactor. Similarly, the total pressure loss along the airway is reduced, which is particularly important when realizing channels with a low height H.
  • the previously separate air deflection at the tube end can be replaced by the use of a common bottom cap with an integrated air duct. This saves a total of work steps in the manufacturing process, which results in cost savings. Furthermore, the electrolyte can now be pulled up on the circumference of the tube to the start of the tube.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified representation of a bundle of HPD cells with individual tubes with improved air flow and FIG. 2 shows a section through FIG. 1 along the line II / II.
  • 10 and 10 each mean two parallel tubes for air guidance, which in principle have the same structure.
  • Air is introduced via the open end 11 of the first tube 10.
  • the air passes through the tube 10 and is diverted at the lower end and is returned in the parallel, second tube 10 ⁇ .
  • the air is led from there into the afterburning room, where it reacts with the unused part of the fuel gas and heats the separate air inlet pipe there.
  • the upper end of the tube 10 ⁇ is closed by a plug 12.
  • Through bores 13 are present in the upper third, through which the air can escape .
  • the diameters of the lateral bores 13 in the outlet channels can be dimensioned in such a way that, on the one hand, they act as defined throttling points. A good uniform distribution of the air in an HPD cell can thus be achieved.
  • the bores 13 can produce a favorable mixture of the air with the remaining fuel gas, a temperature distribution being produced which is suitable for preheating the air in the inlet channels.
  • the fuel cell module As in the prior art, a whole bundle of such tube arrangements forms the fuel cell module.
  • the fuel gas In the lower area of the pipes, the fuel gas is led between the ceramic walls and diffuses to the anode-electrolyte interface, where the oxidation of the combustible components takes place.
  • the fuel gas is largely oxidized in the upper area.
  • the air which is also partially used, is fed through the bores 13 and reacts with the fuel gas which has hitherto been unused.
  • gas can be diverted through a common part 15, which forms a termination for all tubes with an integrated deflection.
  • a collective of pipes can form a single structural unit. As shown in Figure 1, such a unit consists of eight tubes. A unit with six or four tubes is also possible. It is advantageous in each case that the sintering production of the base body is simplified and material can also be saved if necessary. Problem-specific modules for the fuel cell reactor can thus be provided.
  • the above module is produced as follows: The air outlet ducts of the HPD tubes 10 ⁇ are closed at the end at the outlet before sintering, for example with a paste made of cathode material. For this purpose, the pipes 10 are ⁇ with the through holes 13 provided passage for the air outlet. The electrolyte can advantageously be drawn up to the upper tube area.
  • the bottom part 15 of the entire HPD module is a common cap for the entire tube bundle.
  • the entire bottom cap can be produced, for example, by pressing. Air deflections are equally integrated in the production.
  • the entire base part 15 is then glued to the cathode tubes 10, 10 ⁇ .

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

Les cellules HPD connues comportent des tubulures d'admission d'air séparées constituées de matériau céramique coûteux. Lesdites tubulures comportent un déflecteur d'air se révélant également coûteux à fabriquer. Les tubulures selon l'invention comportent des alésages latéraux destinés à l'évacuation d'air hors des tubulures. Ainsi, il est possible de s'affranchir des tubulures d'admission d'air coûteuses. Par ailleurs, la fabrication des cellules HPD s'en trouve simplifiée étant donné que la base de la cellule HPD peut par exemple être réalisée en tant que capuchon de fond comprimé comportant un déflecteur d'air intégré.
PCT/DE2002/002765 2001-07-27 2002-07-26 Reacteur a piles a combustibles haute temperature comportant des cellules hpd Ceased WO2003012907A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10136710A DE10136710A1 (de) 2001-07-27 2001-07-27 Hochtemperatur-Brennstoffzellen-Reaktor mit HPD-Zellen
DE10136710.4 2001-07-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003012907A2 true WO2003012907A2 (fr) 2003-02-13
WO2003012907A3 WO2003012907A3 (fr) 2003-11-20

Family

ID=7693347

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2002/002765 Ceased WO2003012907A2 (fr) 2001-07-27 2002-07-26 Reacteur a piles a combustibles haute temperature comportant des cellules hpd

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE10136710A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003012907A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4751152A (en) * 1987-04-06 1988-06-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp. High bulk self-supporting electrode with integral gas feed conduit for solid oxide fuel cells
US5158837A (en) * 1990-02-15 1992-10-27 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Solid oxide fuel cells
JP2528988B2 (ja) * 1990-02-15 1996-08-28 日本碍子株式会社 固体電解質型燃料電池
US5964991A (en) * 1996-09-26 1999-10-12 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Sintered laminated structures, electrochemical cells and process for producing such sintered laminated structures

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003012907A3 (fr) 2003-11-20
DE10136710A1 (de) 2003-02-13

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