WO2003019588A1 - Machine a induction electrique multiphase de type statique - Google Patents

Machine a induction electrique multiphase de type statique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003019588A1
WO2003019588A1 PCT/IT2001/000450 IT0100450W WO03019588A1 WO 2003019588 A1 WO2003019588 A1 WO 2003019588A1 IT 0100450 W IT0100450 W IT 0100450W WO 03019588 A1 WO03019588 A1 WO 03019588A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
columns
machine according
yokes
electrical
multiphase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IT2001/000450
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English (en)
Inventor
Daniele Fornara
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fdueg Srl
Original Assignee
Fdueg Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fdueg Srl filed Critical Fdueg Srl
Priority to PCT/IT2001/000450 priority Critical patent/WO2003019588A1/fr
Publication of WO2003019588A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003019588A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/12—Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/245—Magnetic cores made from sheets, e.g. grain-oriented

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multiphase electrical induction machine and, in particular, a static electrical machine with a "column- type" core, such as a multiphase transformer or a multiphase reactor, having an improved structure as compared to the corresponding electrical machines of a known type.
  • transformers are static electrical machines that comprise an electrical circuit generally consisting of one or more windings magnetically concatenated together via a ferromagnetic core. In the most common case at least two windings are provided for each phase, namely a primary winding and a secondary winding, whereas, in the particular case where a single winding is present for each phase, the transformer is defined as "autotransformer".
  • Reactors are electrical machines which are constructively similar to transformers and are provided with a single two-terminal winding set on a ferromagnetic core for each phase.
  • the main types of transformers known in the art can be basically distinguished into transformers with a shell-type core and transformers with a column-type core.
  • transformers with a shell-type core the windings are surrounded by closed core elements having a substantially rectangular shape.
  • the multiph ⁇ se transformers that fall into this category albeit affording a certain versatility in the relative arrangement of the electrical and magnetic circuits associated to each phase, nevertheless have very high production costs due to the particular shape that must be imparted on the core elements.
  • transformer cores are made up of a pack of laminations made ,of ferromagnetic material, which are electrically insulated from one another.
  • shell-type cores it is thus necessary to provide shaped elements, which are generally made up of two separate parts that must then fit together with high precision, or which are formed by assembling packs of laminations until the parts that will enable the substantially rectangular shape of the core elements to be made are formed.
  • the magnetic circuit In multiphase transformers with a column-type core, the magnetic circuit consists of a plurality of parallel columns, with the respective axes lying on one and the same plane, set between at least one pair of yokes.
  • the primary and secondary windings of each phase are arranged on at least one column, and also additional columns without windings may possibly be provided.
  • the cores can be made with three columns (one for each phase), or else five columns, of which two end columns are without windings.
  • Transformers with a column-type core are relatively more economical to produce, and thus more widespread, as compared to transformers with a shell-type core because the columns and the yokes can be made of packs of rectilinear laminations.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a multiphase electrical induction machine, with a column-type core, that has overall dimensions smaller 'than the corresponding machines of a known type.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a multiphase electrical machine of the type referred to above which enables a more effective cooling of the electrical and magnetic circuits.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a multiphase electrical machine of simpler and more economical construction. Disclosure of the invention
  • a multiphase electrical induction machine of the type comprising at least one magnetic circuit formed by a plurality of parallel columns set between at least two yokes, and at least one electrical circuit consisting of electrical insulated conductors wound on at least part of the columns, characterised in that at least the axes of the larger sections of the columns are parallel to and coincident with respective generatrices of at least one cylindrical surface having as directrix a closed line.
  • The- expression "cylindrical surface” must be here understood in the widest sense of analytical geometry, namely as a surface through each point of which there passes a generatrix that lies on the surface itself, and in which all the generatrices are parallel to one another.
  • the overall dimensions of an electrical machine with a column-type core according to the invention are considerably reduced as compared to the corresponding machines of a known type.
  • the axes of the core columns for each phase are arranged in positions spaced at equal distances to each other, as occurs, for example, in the case where the directrix is a circumference or, in other words, if the parallel axes of the columns are arranged so that they pass through the vertices of an equilateral triangle.
  • the yokes between which the columns are set have a shape substantially tending to that of a cylinder with a circular or polygonal base.
  • the yokes thus made can be advantageously provided each with at least one central through hole. This enables particularly effective circulation of a cooling fluid through the central holes of the two yokes, thus enabling uniform cooling of all the sections of the electrical and magnetic circuits.
  • the yokes are preferably made of one or more laminations consisting of ferromagnetic material in the form of a ribbon of appropriate width, namely of a width equal to the height of the yoke according to the design requirements.
  • the ribbon is spirally wound on special templates until the desired shape and dimensions are obtained.
  • the economic advantage of this solution lies in the fact that it is possible to use lamination windings already commercially available in this form. It is thus not necessary to cut the material to size in the necessary length, as is the case for the yokes of corresponding machines of a known type. In this way, a process is avoided which, in addition to the cost entailed, causes stressing of the material at the cut.
  • the wound laminations which form the yokes of the transformer according to the invention are kept compact by means of a metal strap which grips the external periphery of the yoke.
  • the idea of the present invention can be applied to any type of multiphase electrical induction machine with a column-type core, for example also to transformers in which further columns without windings are provided, as likewise to transformers with integrated reactors.
  • the magnetic circuit further comprises the columns of the cores of integrated reactors associated with at least one of the windings of each phase, and the columns of the cores of the integrated reactors are set between the yokes themselves of the magnetic circuit.
  • Means for circulating a forced flow of a cooling fluid for the electrical and magnetic circuits, for example fans, pumps or the like, can be advantageously provided.
  • a housing can also be provided which enables to house the electrical and magnetic circuits inside it.
  • a housing made of appropriate material, for example stainless steel, enables reduction of the dispersion in air of the magnetic flux.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of a transformer according to a possible embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the transformer shown in Figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a detail of the transformer shown in Figures 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view that illustrates another possible embodiment of a transformer according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view that illustrates a further possible embodiment of the present invention. Modes for carrying out the invention
  • a three-phase transformer comprises three sets of electrical and magnetic circuits, designated by the reference numbers 1 , 2 and 3, respectively, the terminals of the electrical conductors coming out of each set not being shown for clarity of representation.
  • Set 1 comprises, in particular, a column 15 made up of a number of packs of laminations having different dimensions to obtain a section of the "step" type, which enables approximation as far as possible to a section having a circular shape, such as the one represented in Figure 2A.
  • a secondary winding 12 and a primary winding 1 1 which constitute the parts of the electrical circuit corresponding to the phase of set 1.
  • protection elements 10 are placed between the edges of the column 15 and the secondary winding 12, as well as spacer elements 20 are placed between the primary winding 1 1 and the secondary winding 12.
  • elements 10 and 20 enable the formation of gaps designed to favour the natural or forced circulation of a cooling fluid that laps the column 15, as well as the windings 1 1 and 12.
  • the cores of the integrated reactors which also are made in the form of columns 16 consisting of a number of packs of laminations of different cross section, are concatenated with the primary winding 1 1 and arranged in positions diametrically opposite to the column 15. Also for columns 16, protection elements 10 are provided arranged on the edges of the columns themselves.
  • Sets 2 and 3 for the other two phases are built in a way identical to that of set 1.
  • set 2 comprises a column 25 on which the concentric secondary winding 22 and primary winding 21 are arranged, as well as a pair of columns 26 of the integrated reactors that are concatenated with the primary winding 21.
  • set 3 in which the concentric primary winding 31 and secondary winding 32 are arranged on a column 35, with a pair of columns 36 concatenated to the primary winding 31.
  • the protection elements 10 and the spacer elements 20 are present.
  • the axes 18, 28 and 38 (perpendicular to the plane of the figure) of the respective columns 15, 25 and 35 are arranged in positions equidistant from one another, for example in correspondence of generatrices of a cylindrical surface or, in other words, at the vertices of an equilateral triangle.
  • the magnetic circuit of a transformer according to the present invention further comprises a pair of yokes 50 substantially having the shape of a cylinder with a circular or polygonal base, possibly provided with a central through hole 55. Even though it is not clearly visible in the figures, the yokes 50 are made up of one or more laminations wound in the appropriate shape and gripped on the outside by means of a metal strap along the outer perimeter of the yoke.
  • the yokes 50 themselves are moreover set in close contact with the columns 16, 26 and 36 to close also the magnetic circuits of the integrated reactors.
  • the possible presence of the central hole 55, in at least one or in both of the yokes 50, enables more effective and uniform cooling of all the sets 1 , 2 and 3 by means of circulation of a cooling fluid, possibly set in circulation by appropriate means.
  • the yokes 50 are mounted in close contact with the columns 15, 25, and 35 by means of plates 51 and corresponding stay rods 52. As compared to column transformers of a known type, there is no longer any need for stay rods with the sole function of gripping the pack of laminations of the yokes.
  • Other possible embodiments of a multiphase transformer according to the present invention are illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.
  • columns 1 15, 125 and 135 consist of a single pack of laminations having a substantially rectangular shape, with concentric windings similar to the ones already described with reference to Figure 1 , and with columns 1 16, 126 and 136 of the integrated reactors that are concatenated to the respective primary windings.
  • the axes 1 18, 128 and 138 of columns 1 15, 125 and 135, respectively are equidistant and arranged according to generatrices of a cylindrical surface, as also are the axes of the columns 1 16, 126 and 136 of the integrated reactors.
  • Each set 101 , 102 and 103 thus presents a section tapered towards the centre of the structure of the transformer.
  • this arrangement offers the additional advantage of making available possible additional columns 100 without windings between the two yokes 50.
  • the section of the additional columns 100 may also be other than the approximately circular one represented in Figure 3 and can be adapted for guaranteeing optimal circulation of the magnetic flux.
  • the presence of columns without windings c ⁇ n enable a magnetic circuit to be made similar to the one obtainable from the construction of transformers with shell-type cores. Also in the embodiment of Figure 4, even though this is not expressly represented, it is possible to envisage the arrangement of further columns without windings.
  • Columns 215, 225 and 235 of the sets 201 , 202 and 203 are made up of two distinct packs of laminations, whilst columns 216, 226 and 236 of the integrated reactors are set alongside the previous ones and are again concatenated with the respective primary windings of the respective set. All the columns represented are set between two yokes 50 like the ones described previously.
  • each column 215, 225, 235 is made up of two distinct packs of different sections, it is improper to refer to a single axis of the column.
  • the axes 218, 228 and 238 of the packs of laminations of larger dimensions lie on a first cylindrical surface, as likewise the axes 219, 229 and 239 of the packs of laminations of smaller dimensions lie on a second cylindrical surface.
  • yokes 50 can also have a slightly different shape from the circular one (for example, a polygonal shape) and may be made up of ribbon-shaped laminations of different widths.
  • This second possibility may become necessary for guaranteeing the most favourable conditions of circulation of the magnetic flux in order to obtain, at least in certain areas, portions of yoke having a height substantially the same as that of the sections of the columns in contact with the yokes themselves in those areas.
  • an electrical machine according to the present invention can be enclosed in a housing of any shape, for ex ⁇ mple of ⁇ cylindrical shape, made of a material that enables limitation of dispersion in air of the magnetic flux, for example stainless steel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine à induction électrique multiphase de type statique, par exemple, un transformateur ou un réacteur, avec un noyau de type à colonnes, dans laquelle au moins les axes ayant une section plus large des colonnes sont parallèles aux génératrices (et coïncident avec ces génératrices) d'au moins une surface cylindrique ayant comme directrice une ligne fermée.
PCT/IT2001/000450 2001-08-24 2001-08-24 Machine a induction electrique multiphase de type statique Ceased WO2003019588A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2001/000450 WO2003019588A1 (fr) 2001-08-24 2001-08-24 Machine a induction electrique multiphase de type statique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2001/000450 WO2003019588A1 (fr) 2001-08-24 2001-08-24 Machine a induction electrique multiphase de type statique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003019588A1 true WO2003019588A1 (fr) 2003-03-06

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PCT/IT2001/000450 Ceased WO2003019588A1 (fr) 2001-08-24 2001-08-24 Machine a induction electrique multiphase de type statique

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPWO2012157053A1 (ja) * 2011-05-16 2014-07-31 株式会社日立製作所 リアクトル装置及びそれを用いた電力変換器
EP2892060A4 (fr) * 2012-08-28 2016-05-18 Hitachi Ltd Dispositif de conversion de puissance

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2279239A (en) * 1937-10-18 1942-04-07 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie High tension transformer
US3274526A (en) * 1963-07-17 1966-09-20 High Voltage Engineering Corp Insulating core transformers
US3593243A (en) * 1969-06-02 1971-07-13 High Voltage Power Corp Electrical induction apparatus
US3686464A (en) * 1967-08-21 1972-08-22 Sidney Hirst Transformer with variable secondary reactance
FR2435791A1 (fr) * 1978-09-08 1980-04-04 Lisin Vladimir Dispositif transformateur a redresseurs et a haute tension
EP0151048A1 (fr) * 1984-02-02 1985-08-07 Hawker Siddeley Power Transformers Limited Appareils électriques d'induction
JPS6136911A (ja) * 1984-07-30 1986-02-21 Tokuden Kk ３相衝合型漏洩変圧器
JPS6136912A (ja) * 1984-07-30 1986-02-21 Tokuden Kk ３相衝合型リアクトル
JPS6136914A (ja) * 1984-07-30 1986-02-21 Tokuden Kk ３相平面衝合型鉄心
JPS61168906A (ja) * 1985-01-22 1986-07-30 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd 三相誘導電磁器鉄心
WO2000025327A1 (fr) * 1998-10-26 2000-05-04 A.T.T. Advanced Transformer Technologies (1998) Ltd. Transformateur triphase

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2279239A (en) * 1937-10-18 1942-04-07 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie High tension transformer
US3274526A (en) * 1963-07-17 1966-09-20 High Voltage Engineering Corp Insulating core transformers
US3686464A (en) * 1967-08-21 1972-08-22 Sidney Hirst Transformer with variable secondary reactance
US3593243A (en) * 1969-06-02 1971-07-13 High Voltage Power Corp Electrical induction apparatus
FR2435791A1 (fr) * 1978-09-08 1980-04-04 Lisin Vladimir Dispositif transformateur a redresseurs et a haute tension
EP0151048A1 (fr) * 1984-02-02 1985-08-07 Hawker Siddeley Power Transformers Limited Appareils électriques d'induction
JPS6136911A (ja) * 1984-07-30 1986-02-21 Tokuden Kk ３相衝合型漏洩変圧器
JPS6136912A (ja) * 1984-07-30 1986-02-21 Tokuden Kk ３相衝合型リアクトル
JPS6136914A (ja) * 1984-07-30 1986-02-21 Tokuden Kk ３相平面衝合型鉄心
JPS61168906A (ja) * 1985-01-22 1986-07-30 Meidensha Electric Mfg Co Ltd 三相誘導電磁器鉄心
WO2000025327A1 (fr) * 1998-10-26 2000-05-04 A.T.T. Advanced Transformer Technologies (1998) Ltd. Transformateur triphase

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 192 (E - 417) 5 July 1986 (1986-07-05) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 376 (E - 464) 13 December 1986 (1986-12-13) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPWO2012157053A1 (ja) * 2011-05-16 2014-07-31 株式会社日立製作所 リアクトル装置及びそれを用いた電力変換器
EP2892060A4 (fr) * 2012-08-28 2016-05-18 Hitachi Ltd Dispositif de conversion de puissance
JP5933012B2 (ja) * 2012-08-28 2016-06-08 株式会社日立製作所 電力変換装置

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