WO2003083274A1 - METHOD OF DECIDING ON CATALYST DETERIORATION AND MEANS FOR DECIDING ON CATALYST DETERIORATION IN NOx PURGING SYSTEM - Google Patents
METHOD OF DECIDING ON CATALYST DETERIORATION AND MEANS FOR DECIDING ON CATALYST DETERIORATION IN NOx PURGING SYSTEM Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003083274A1 WO2003083274A1 PCT/JP2003/003938 JP0303938W WO03083274A1 WO 2003083274 A1 WO2003083274 A1 WO 2003083274A1 JP 0303938 W JP0303938 W JP 0303938W WO 03083274 A1 WO03083274 A1 WO 03083274A1
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- exhaust gas
- catalyst
- deterioration
- nox
- determination
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus
- F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/0871—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents using means for controlling, e.g. purging, the absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0885—Regeneration of deteriorated absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. desulfurization of NOx traps
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
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- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/146—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration
- F02D41/1463—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an NOx content or concentration of the exhaust gases downstream of exhaust gas treatment apparatus
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- F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
- F01N2430/06—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by varying fuel-air ratio, e.g. by enriching fuel-air mixture
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/02—Catalytic activity of catalytic converters
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
- F01N2550/03—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems of sorbing activity of adsorbents or absorbents
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- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/025—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting O2, e.g. lambda sensors
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
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- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
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- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
- F02D2200/0818—SOx storage amount, e.g. for SOx trap or NOx trap
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
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- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
- F02D41/028—Desulfurisation of NOx traps or adsorbent
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
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- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a catalyst deterioration determination method and a catalyst deterioration determination means for an exhaust gas N 0 X purification system that reduces and purifies N ⁇ X in exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, a combustion device, or the like.
- N ⁇ x nitrogen oxides
- an exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine in which an X storage reduction catalyst is arranged in an exhaust passage of the engine.
- the NOX is absorbed by the NOX storage reduction catalyst.
- a regenerating operation is performed in which the absorbed NOx is released by lowering the oxygen concentration of the inflowing exhaust gas, and the released NOX is reduced by a noble metal catalyst attached.
- a noble metal catalyst such as platinum (Pt) and an alkaline earth such as barium (B a) are supported on a catalyst carrier.
- the NO in the gas is acid I inhibit the catalytic action of platinum N_ ⁇ 2, and N_ ⁇ 3 - is absorbed in the form of diffuse nitrate into the catalyst in the form of.
- N_ ⁇ the air-fuel ratio is the oxygen concentration becomes rich drops 3 - is released in the form of N 0 2
- platinum by a reducing agent 2 such as unburned HC and CO and H contained in the exhaust gas N ⁇ 2 is reduced to N 2 by the catalytic action of This reduction can prevent the release of NOx into the atmosphere.
- a reducing agent 2 such as unburned HC and CO
- H contained in the exhaust gas N ⁇ 2 is reduced to N 2 by the catalytic action of This reduction can prevent the release of NOx into the atmosphere.
- an extremely large amount of NOX is released in a short time when the NOx storage reduction catalyst is regenerated.
- the NOx concentration at the end of the discharge of N ⁇ x is determined based on the characteristics of the storage catalyst, that is, accumulation and discharge of a large amount of NOX by the storage substance. If it is equal to or greater than a predetermined deterioration determination value, a deterioration determination is made that the N ⁇ X storage reduction catalyst has deteriorated.
- this direct reduction type NOx catalyst has a catalyst T such as rhodium (Rh) or a metal M such as palladium (Pd) supported on a carrier T such as iS zeolite.
- the oxygen concentration is high atmosphere as exhaust gas air-fuel ratio lean state of the internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine, as shown in FIG. 7, and come in contact with N_ ⁇ _X, reduces NOx to N 2
- the catalyst component itself is oxidized to metal oxide M 0 X such as rhodium oxide. If all of this metal M is oxidized, the ability to reduce NOx will be lost, so it is necessary to regenerate it when it has been oxidized to some extent.
- the regeneration as the air-fuel ratio is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio or rich state, and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas in the state of low approximately zero 0/0, as shown in FIG. 8, the rhodium oxide and the like
- the metal oxide M ⁇ x is brought into contact with a reducing agent such as unburned HC, C ⁇ , or H 2 in a reducing atmosphere to reduce the metal oxide M ⁇ x back to metal M.
- the reaction to reduce the metal oxide M ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ x is performed at a lower temperature (for example, 200 ° C or more) more quickly than other catalysts. There is an advantage that there is little problem of sulfur poisoning.
- a compound (C e), which reduces the oxidizing action of metal M and contributes to maintaining the positive effect of N ⁇ x reduction is blended, and a three-way catalyst is provided in the lower layer to perform an acid-rich reduction reaction, particularly in the rich state.
- a three-way catalyst is provided in the lower layer to perform an acid-rich reduction reaction, particularly in the rich state.
- iron (F e) is added to the carrier to improve the NO X purification rate.
- the sulfur poisoning is smaller than that of the N ⁇ x storage reduction catalyst, the sulfur poisoning gradually deteriorates due to the sulfur content in the fuel. That is, since the iron added to the carrier absorbs the sulfur content in the exhaust gas as SO 2 , the improvement of the NOx purification performance by the iron is hindered, and the oxidation at a certain temperature without a reducing agent is performed. S_ ⁇ iron 2 is discharged as S_ ⁇ 3 atmosphere, since compounds with Seriumu, contribution to holding the NOX reducing ability due to the Seriumu is reduced, the purification rate of NOX decreases.
- the metal oxide M ⁇ x is brought into contact with a reducing agent in a reducing atmosphere in a reducing atmosphere to reduce and return to metal M. It is necessary to monitor and, when the deterioration has progressed to some extent, perform a deterioration recovery process by sulfur purge to remove the sulfur content by lowering the temperature of the catalyst to 400 ° C or more under low oxygen conditions.
- the catalyst temperature is from 250 ° C to 350 ° C. If the air-fuel ratio is within the range of C and the air-fuel ratio is reduced to around 23 during steady operation, a large amount of NOx will be emitted only when the fuel is deteriorated by sulfur poisoning. The experiment has revealed that there is.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems based on the above findings, and an object of the present invention is to use a direct reduction NOX catalyst for purification of NOX in exhaust gas.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst deterioration determination method and catalyst deterioration determination means for an exhaust gas purification system that can appropriately determine the deterioration state of a catalyst due to sulfur poisoning in a purification system.
- a method for determining catalyst deterioration of an N 0 X purification system uses a catalyst component that reduces NO X to nitrogen and reduces the catalyst component when the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of an engine is high.
- an N ⁇ X purification system in which a direct reduction type NOx catalyst is oxidized and the above-mentioned catalyst component is reduced when the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas decreases, the operating condition of the engine is reduced.
- the exhaust gas is in the deterioration determination region and is in a steady operation, the exhaust gas for determination is generated, and the NO X concentration in the exhaust gas that has passed through the direct reduction NO X catalyst is reduced.
- the direct reduction type NOx catalyst can be constituted by supporting a catalyst such as rhodium (Rh) or palladium (Pd) on a support such as iS type zeolite. Further, cerium (Ce) is blended in order to reduce the oxidizing effect of the metal of the catalyst component and to maintain the NOx reducing ability, and to reduce the amount of released N ⁇ in the oxidation-reduction reaction, particularly in the rich state.
- a three-way catalyst containing platinum (Pt) etc. is provided in the lower layer to promote the reduction reaction of x, and iron (Fe) is added to the carrier to improve the NOx purification rate. Can be formed.
- the catalyst component When the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas is high, the catalyst component reduces NOx to N 2 and oxidizes the catalyst component, and when the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas decreases, the catalyst component is reduced. In order to distinguish the catalyst from the catalysts used in other conventional technologies, it is referred to as “direct reduction N ⁇ x catalyst” here.
- the predetermined determination value regarding the NOx concentration is a numerical value or map data obtained by an experiment or the like, and is a value set in advance.
- the determination that the operation state of the engine is in the deterioration determination region is performed when the exhaust gas amount is equal to or less than the predetermined determination exhaust gas amount, and the catalyst temperature is determined. This is performed when the temperature is between the predetermined lower limit temperature and the predetermined upper limit temperature.
- This predetermined determination exhaust gas amount is calculated based on the space velocity (SV) for the direct reduction NOx catalyst. Is the upper limit of exhaust gas amount to be less than 5,000 / h, and the predetermined judgment lower limit temperature and the predetermined judgment upper limit temperature are experimentally set at 250 ° C and 350 ° C. Values have been obtained.
- the determination that the engine is in a steady operation state is performed when the absolute value of the variation of the torque Q is equal to or less than a predetermined determination value AQlim and the absolute value of the variation ⁇ e of the engine speed Ne is a predetermined value. It can be determined that the vehicle is in the steady operation state when the determination value is ⁇ elim or less.
- the exhaust gas for judging may be such that the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust gas is the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas in normal engine operation, It is generated so as to have a value between the exhaust gas and the air-fuel ratio.
- the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas for determination is about 23 when the air-fuel ratio of the base is about 27 with respect to the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas for regeneration of 14.7 or less, and preferably 2 2
- This gaseous gas should be performed by one or a combination of fuel injection control, intake air amount control, EGR control, etc., as well as rich spikes for generating exhaust gas for regeneration processing. Can be.
- the normal engine operation is not a control operation for regenerating the catalyst or the like but for recovering the deterioration, but an operation in which the engine is operated at a required torque or engine speed.
- the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust gas is about 27 in the deterioration determination region, and N ⁇ x in the exhaust gas is directly reduced to N 2 by the direct reduction NOX catalyst and purified. .
- the catalyst deterioration determining means of the NOX purification system for performing the above-described catalyst deterioration determining method is configured such that when the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of the engine is high, the catalyst component reduces N ⁇ X to nitrogen, Is a catalyst deterioration determination means in a NOX purification system in which an exhaust gas passage is provided with a direct reduction type NOX catalyst in which the catalyst component is reduced when oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas decreases and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas decreases.
- Operation determination means shallow for generating exhaust gas for deterioration determination
- a NOx concentration determining means for determining that the direct reduction type NOx catalyst has deteriorated.
- the deterioration area determining means determines that the exhaust gas amount is equal to or less than a predetermined determination exhaust gas amount and the catalyst temperature is a predetermined determination lower limit temperature. And when the engine temperature is between the predetermined judgment upper limit temperature and the engine operating condition is in the deterioration judgment area.
- the determination exhaust gas generation means includes an air-fuel ratio in the exhaust gas, the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust gas during normal engine operation, and the direct reduction NOX
- the exhaust gas for determination is configured to be generated between the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas for regeneration of the catalyst and the air-fuel ratio.
- the method for judging catalyst deterioration and the means for judging catalyst deterioration of the NOx purification system having the above configuration sulfur poisoning of the catalyst is considered. Since the deterioration state due to the catalyst can be accurately determined, the deterioration recovery processing for the deterioration of the catalyst can be performed at an appropriate time.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a NO x purification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of an N ⁇ X purification system control means according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a control flow of the NO X purification system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the catalyst regeneration control flow of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the catalyst deterioration recovery control flow of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the catalyst deterioration determination flow of FIG. 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a reaction in a high oxygen concentration state of the direct reduction type NOx catalyst.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a reaction of a direct reduction type NOx catalyst in a low oxygen concentration state.
- this NO X purification system 10 is configured by disposing a direct reduction NOx catalyst 3 in an exhaust passage (exhaust gas passage) 2 of an engine body 1.
- the direct reduction type NO X catalyst 3 is prepared by supporting a special metal M such as rhodium (Rh) or palladium (Pd) on a carrier T such as iS zeolite. Be composed. Furthermore, cerium Ce, which reduces the oxidizing action of metal M and contributes to maintaining NOx reduction ability, is blended, and a ternary catalyst containing platinum (Pt) or the like is provided in the lower layer to perform oxidation-reduction reactions, particularly rich oxides. Iron (Fe) is added to the carrier to promote the reduction reaction of NO X in the state and to improve the NO X purification rate.
- a special metal M such as rhodium (Rh) or palladium (Pd)
- a carrier T such as iS zeolite. Be composed.
- Ce which reduces the oxidizing action of metal M and contributes to maintaining NOx reduction ability
- Pt platinum
- Iron (Fe) is added to the carrier to promote the reduction reaction of NO X in the state and
- this direct reduction type NO X catalyst 3 comes into contact with NO X in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration such as an exhaust gas with a lean air-fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine.
- metal oxide M_ ⁇ _X next of the metal M itself is oxidized rhodium oxide (RhOx), etc. as well as reducing the N_ ⁇ _X into N 2, as shown in FIG.
- the air-fuel ratio is the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio or rich If the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas as in the state of low reducing atmosphere zero percent approximately, the metal oxide M_ ⁇ is reduced in contact with the unburned HC and CO, H 2 or the like instead Motozai It has the property of returning to the original metal M such as rhodium (Rh).
- An operating condition detecting device 5 including a torque sensor, a rotation speed sensor, and the like is provided.
- An air-fuel ratio sensor 6 for detecting an air-fuel ratio A f is provided upstream of the direct reduction type NOx catalyst 3 in the exhaust passage 2, and a catalyst temperature Teat is detected for the direct reduction type NOX catalyst 3.
- a control device called an engine control unit (ECU) that receives the torque (load) of the engine 1 and the engine speed N e obtained from the operating condition detecting device 5 and the like and performs overall engine control such as fuel injection control.
- the control device 4 is provided with N 0 X purification system control means for performing catalyst regeneration control of the direct reduction type N 0 X catalyst 3, catalyst deterioration recovery control, and the like.
- the NOx purification system control means 200 includes a catalyst regeneration means 210 and a catalyst deterioration recovery means 220, and the catalyst regeneration means 210 It has a timing determination means 2 11 and a regeneration processing means 2 12, and the catalyst deterioration recovery means 2 20 is configured to have a catalyst deterioration determination means 2 21 and a recovery processing means 222.
- the catalyst regenerating means 210 is in a normal operation state in which the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is lean and the oxygen concentration is high, and contacts with 0 to reduce 1 ⁇ ⁇ to?
- the regeneration timing determining means 2 1 1 determines the timing of this regeneration, and when it is determined that it is the regeneration time, the regeneration processing means 2 1 2, the air-fuel ratio is generated and exhaust gas of the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio and the oxygen concentration of the rich state is zero percent state abbreviation reduction of 2 such as unburned HC and CO and H in the metal oxide M_ ⁇ _X reducing atmosphere
- the metal M is reduced by contact with the agent.
- the regeneration timing determination means 211 determines the NOX concentration Cnox in the exhaust gas on the downstream side of the NOX catalyst 3 when NOX is being reduced, or determines the elapsed time when the oxygen concentration is high. Judgment or the amount of N ⁇ x reduced by the direct reduction type N 0 X catalyst 3 while reducing N 0 X is estimated and calculated, and the judgment is made based on this estimated operation amount to determine whether it is the regeneration time. Determine whether or not.
- the regeneration processing means 2 12 is a means for reducing the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas, that is, a means for performing a rich spike with an air-fuel ratio A f force of 14.7 or less, and is supplied to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
- Injection control to control the injection of fuel and suction to control the amount of intake air The airflow control or EGR control for controlling the EGR gas amount of the EGR device is performed by one or a combination thereof, and based on the detected value Af of the air-fuel ratio sensor 6, the detected value Af is set to a predetermined value. Feedback control is performed so as to fall within the set range.
- the fuel injection control includes main injection timing control that changes the evening of the main injection of fuel injected into the combustion chamber of the engine, and post-injection control that performs post-injection (boost injection) after the main injection.
- the intake air amount control includes an intake throttle valve control that controls the valve opening of an intake throttle valve (not shown), a turbocharger intake air amount control that controls the intake air from a turbocharger compressor (not shown), and the like. There is.
- the catalyst deterioration determination means 2 21 of the catalyst deterioration recovery means 220 relates to the present invention, and determines whether or not it is time to perform the recovery processing by determining the deterioration state of the deteriorated direct reduction NOx catalyst 3. This is a means for determining the deterioration area 221a, the steady-state operation determining means 221b, the exhaust gas generating means 221c for determination, and the NOx concentration determining means 21d. .
- the deterioration area determination means 22 1 a is a means for determining whether or not the state of the exhaust gas is in an area where the deterioration determination can be performed, and when the exhaust gas amount Qe is equal to or less than the determination exhaust gas amount Qelim. Yes, and when the catalyst temperature Teat is between the lower judgment limit temperature TL and the upper judgment judgment temperature TH, it is judged that the catalyst temperature is in the deterioration judgment range.
- the determined exhaust gas amount Qelim is set in advance as a value below which the space velocity (SV) value of the direct reduction type NOx catalyst 3 becomes a low SV state of 50000 / h or less. From the experimental results, the lower limit temperature TL for determination was 250 ° C, and the upper limit temperature TH for determination was 350 ° C.
- the value of the SV is a value obtained by dividing the flow rate of the exhaust gas by the volume of the catalyst device to obtain the passage speed.
- the steady operation determining means 22 1 b is a means for determining whether or not the operating state of the engine is in a steady operating state.
- the determination exhaust gas generating means 2 2 1 c is means for generating exhaust gas for deterioration determination having an air-fuel ratio Af of about 23, and the air-fuel ratio Af detected by the air-fuel ratio sensor 16.
- the feedback control is performed with the value of (1) to generate the exhaust gas having a predetermined air-fuel ratio.
- This exhaust gas is used for fuel injection control, intake air amount control,
- EGR control is performed by any one or a combination thereof.
- the N ⁇ x concentration determination means 2 2 1 d determines that the NOX concentration Cnox when the exhaust gas state is the exhaust gas state for determining deterioration of the air-fuel ratio A f is larger than a predetermined determination value Cnoxl im In this case, it is determined that the direct reduction type N ⁇ X catalyst 3 has deteriorated, and the deterioration flag F is set to 1 before returning. Note that if the N ⁇ x concentration Cnox is smaller than a predetermined determination value Cnoxlim, it is determined that there is no deterioration, the deterioration flag F2 is set to 0, and the process returns.
- the recovery processing means 22 of the catalyst deterioration recovery means 220 is means for recovering the direct reduction type NOx catalyst 3 degraded by sulfur poisoning by sulfur purging, and reduces the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas to zero. % While controlling the catalyst temperature Teat to more than 400 ° C.
- the control flow of the NO x purification system illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 6 is configured as a part of the overall flow for controlling the entire engine, and is called the main engine control flow. It is executed in parallel with the engine control flow, and after the execution, the process returns to the main engine control flow, and is terminated as the engine engine control flow ends.
- step S 100 the normal operation control for purifying N ⁇ X by the direct reduction catalyst 3 is performed for a predetermined time (for example, the catalyst regeneration control or the catalyst deterioration recovery). (Time interval for determining whether or not to perform control).
- control returns to the NO X purification system control flow shown in FIG. 3, returns to the main engine control flow not shown, and is called again from the engine control flow to execute the NO X purification system control flow. repeat.
- Step S310 the determination of the catalyst deterioration of the direct reduction type NO X catalyst 3 is based on the catalyst deterioration determination flow illustrated in FIG. This is performed by a catalyst deterioration determination method.
- step S 311 detected values and control numerical values and the like representing the operating conditions such as the torque Q and the engine speed Ne are read from the operating condition detecting device 5. .
- step S312 the exhaust gas amount Qe is equal to or less than the determination exhaust gas amount Qelim at which the value of the space velocity (SV) with respect to the direct reduction NOx catalyst 3 becomes a low SV state of 50000 / h or less.
- step S312 it is determined whether or not the catalyst temperature Teat is between the judgment lower limit temperature TL (250 ° C) and the judgment upper limit temperature TH (350 ° C).
- step S312 When it is determined in step S312 that the operating condition is not in the deterioration determination region, the process is resumed, and when it is determined that the operating condition is in the deterioration determination region, in step S313, the vehicle is in a steady operation state. It is determined whether the absolute value of the change amount of the torque Q is equal to or less than a predetermined judgment value AQlim and the absolute value of the change amount ⁇ e of the engine speed Ne is equal to or less than a predetermined judgment value ⁇ e lim. Judge by whether or not.
- step S313 If it is determined in the step S313 that the vehicle is in the steady operation or not in the steady operation, it is determined that the vehicle is not in the steady operation, and the routine returns. Exhaust gas for deterioration determination having a fuel ratio of about 23 is generated, and in the next step S315, exhaust gas information of the detection values of the air-fuel ratio sensor 6 and the NOx sensor 8 is read.
- step S316 it is determined whether or not the air-fuel ratio Af detected by the air-fuel ratio sensor 6 is within a predetermined air-fuel ratio range, that is, within a range around 23 of the exhaust gas for deterioration determination. Is determined, and if not, the flow returns to step S314 and waits until the value falls within a predetermined range. When the value falls within the predetermined range, the flow proceeds to step S317.
- step S317 it is determined whether or not the NOx concentration Cnox detected by the NOx sensor 18 is greater than a predetermined determination value Cnoxl im.
- the predetermined determination value Cnoxl im is data (numerical values or map data) obtained through experiments or the like, and is input to the control device 4 in advance.
- the method for judging catalyst deterioration and the means for judging catalyst deterioration of the exhaust gas purification system 10 having the above configuration according to the characteristics of the direct reduction NOX catalyst at the time of deterioration, it is determined whether the catalyst is in a state of deterioration. It can be determined relatively easily and accurately.
- the present invention relates to a catalyst deterioration determination method for an exhaust gas purification system capable of appropriately determining a deterioration state of a catalyst due to sulfur poisoning in an N ⁇ x purification system using a direct reduction NOX catalyst for purification of N ⁇ x in exhaust gas.
- catalyst deterioration determination means Therefore, the present invention can be used for an N ⁇ x purification system using a direct reduction N ⁇ x catalyst to purify NOX in exhaust gas, and the internal combustion of a vehicle equipped with these NOX purification systems can be used.
- Engine ⁇ Efficiently purifies exhaust gas from a stationary internal combustion engine, etc., and prevents air pollution.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/504,566 US20050144933A1 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2003-03-28 | Method of deciding on catalyst deterioration and means for deciding on catalyst deterioration in Nox purging system |
| DE60309149T DE60309149T2 (de) | 2002-03-29 | 2003-03-28 | VERFAHREN ZUR ERMITTLUNG EINER BEEINTRÄCHTIGUNG DES KATALYSATORS UND MITTEL ZUR ERMITTLUNG DER BEEINTRÄCHTIGUNG EINES KATALYSATORS IN EINEM NOx-SPÜLSYSTEM |
| EP03745440A EP1491737B1 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2003-03-28 | METHOD OF DECIDING ON CATALYST DETERIORATION AND MEANS FOR DECIDING ON CATALYST DETERIORATION IN NOx PURGING SYSTEM |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002-93884 | 2002-03-29 | ||
| JP2002093884A JP4093302B2 (ja) | 2002-03-29 | 2002-03-29 | NOx浄化システムの触媒劣化判定方法及びNOx浄化システム |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003083274A1 true WO2003083274A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 |
Family
ID=28671771
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2003/003938 Ceased WO2003083274A1 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2003-03-28 | METHOD OF DECIDING ON CATALYST DETERIORATION AND MEANS FOR DECIDING ON CATALYST DETERIORATION IN NOx PURGING SYSTEM |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050144933A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1491737B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4093302B2 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE60309149T2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2003083274A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3912294B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-19 | 2007-05-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化方法および排気浄化装置 |
| JP4665923B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-13 | 2011-04-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 触媒劣化判定装置 |
| JP4445002B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-21 | 2010-04-07 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | 排気浄化装置 |
| JP4506874B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-09 | 2010-07-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| WO2018132059A1 (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2018-07-19 | Scania Cv Ab | A system and a method for determining a cause for impaired performance of a catalytic configuration |
| US10920645B2 (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2021-02-16 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for on-board monitoring of a passive NOx adsorption catalyst |
| JP7595844B2 (ja) * | 2021-03-31 | 2024-12-09 | マツダ株式会社 | 車両用音生成装置及び車両用音生成方法 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62153546A (ja) * | 1985-12-27 | 1987-07-08 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | エンジンの異常検出装置 |
| JPH05312025A (ja) * | 1992-05-13 | 1993-11-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の触媒劣化診断装置 |
| US5979160A (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 1999-11-09 | Mazda Motor Corporation | System for detecting deterioration of exhaust gas purifying catalyst for automobile engine |
| WO2002022255A1 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-21 | Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus | Catalyst and method for the catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5426934A (en) * | 1993-02-10 | 1995-06-27 | Hitachi America, Ltd. | Engine and emission monitoring and control system utilizing gas sensors |
| JP3380366B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-22 | 2003-02-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | エンジン排気ガス浄化装置の診断装置 |
| JP3852788B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-02 | 2006-12-06 | 株式会社小松製作所 | ディーゼルエンジンのNOx 触媒の劣化検出装置およびその劣化検出方法 |
| DE69815256T2 (de) * | 1997-10-14 | 2004-05-06 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd., Nagoya | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Betriebszustands eines NOx Okklusionskatalysators |
| US5950421A (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-09-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Tungsten-modified platinum NOx traps for automotive emission reduction |
| JP3456401B2 (ja) * | 1998-02-12 | 2003-10-14 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
| DE19852240A1 (de) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-05-18 | Volkswagen Ag | Überwachungsverfahren für NOx-Speicherkatalysatoren und Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
| JP2001003735A (ja) * | 1999-06-18 | 2001-01-09 | Hitachi Ltd | エンジン排気浄化装置 |
| US6615580B1 (en) * | 1999-06-23 | 2003-09-09 | Southwest Research Institute | Integrated system for controlling diesel engine emissions |
| JP5134185B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-02 | 2013-01-30 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 窒素酸化物を接触還元する方法 |
| EP1875954A4 (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2011-06-22 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | CATALYST FOR CATALYTIC REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE, CATALYST CONSTRUCTION AND METHOD FOR THE CATALYTIC REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE |
-
2002
- 2002-03-29 JP JP2002093884A patent/JP4093302B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-03-28 US US10/504,566 patent/US20050144933A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-28 DE DE60309149T patent/DE60309149T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-28 EP EP03745440A patent/EP1491737B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-28 WO PCT/JP2003/003938 patent/WO2003083274A1/ja not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62153546A (ja) * | 1985-12-27 | 1987-07-08 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | エンジンの異常検出装置 |
| JPH05312025A (ja) * | 1992-05-13 | 1993-11-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の触媒劣化診断装置 |
| US5979160A (en) * | 1996-07-05 | 1999-11-09 | Mazda Motor Corporation | System for detecting deterioration of exhaust gas purifying catalyst for automobile engine |
| WO2002022255A1 (en) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-21 | Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus | Catalyst and method for the catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP1491737A4 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1491737A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
| JP2003286830A (ja) | 2003-10-10 |
| DE60309149T2 (de) | 2007-08-30 |
| US20050144933A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
| EP1491737A4 (en) | 2005-08-31 |
| EP1491737B1 (en) | 2006-10-18 |
| DE60309149D1 (de) | 2006-11-30 |
| JP4093302B2 (ja) | 2008-06-04 |
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