WO2004015227A1 - Procede et systeme pour eriger une structure autoporteuse incurvee, en particulier un edifice - Google Patents

Procede et systeme pour eriger une structure autoporteuse incurvee, en particulier un edifice Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004015227A1
WO2004015227A1 PCT/EP2003/008653 EP0308653W WO2004015227A1 WO 2004015227 A1 WO2004015227 A1 WO 2004015227A1 EP 0308653 W EP0308653 W EP 0308653W WO 2004015227 A1 WO2004015227 A1 WO 2004015227A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
membrane
flat component
self
membrane elements
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2003/008653
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2004015227A8 (fr
Inventor
Robert Rattue
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2003106055 external-priority patent/DE10306055B3/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP03784179A priority Critical patent/EP1529143A1/fr
Priority to AU2003258572A priority patent/AU2003258572A1/en
Publication of WO2004015227A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004015227A1/fr
Publication of WO2004015227A8 publication Critical patent/WO2004015227A8/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for erecting a self-supporting curved structure and a self-supporting curved structure itself, in particular a building.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for erecting a self-supporting curved structure which is based on relatively simple way to be erected quickly on the spot and yet have a high utility value over a long period of time.
  • the invention according to claim 1 consists in a method for erecting a self-supporting gel-trimmed structure, in which a first flat component consisting of articulated plates rests on a second flat component consisting of individual, connected inflatable membrane elements and with the first flat Component is connected at least point by point, the membrane elements expanding by infecting the individual membrane elements with a gas and converting the initially flat second flat component into a spatially curved shape, which also occupies the first flat component lying thereon.
  • the plates of the first flat component can be prefabricated rigid and solid plates of largely freely selectable size. These plates can be made of plastic, glass or metal. They can be designed as simple solid sheets or in honeycomb or sandwich form. The plates are connected to one another in an articulated manner and, if the joints are designed correctly, can form a flexible matrix, namely the first flat component mentioned, which is to be converted into a self-supporting, curved spatial structure.
  • the finished shape can be, for example, a cylindrical or bell-shaped contour.
  • the second flat component underneath consists of individual, interconnected inflatable membrane elements which are connected to one another along their longitudinal edges. They consist of a first and a second membrane, which are connected to each other on the outer edges of each membrane element.
  • a plurality of such membrane elements can be connected to one another in their connecting areas by gluing, welding or the like.
  • a mixed form of both types of construction is possible, in which a field is produced from a multiplicity of membrane elements by welding or gluing along the connection regions and then several such fields are connected to one another by connecting strips.
  • Another proposal of the applicant according to the older, not prepublished German patent application 102 41 151.4 therefore has the object of forming a spatial structure from such a flat component, which consists of individual gas elements filled with gas, by the expansion properties of the first and the second Membrane of each membrane element are different. When inflated, such a flat component takes on a lax form, so that a self-supporting spatial structure is formed.
  • the first flat component and the second flat component interact with one another.
  • the outline of the individual membrane elements is reduced. Since these are at least point-wise connected to the hinged plates of the first flat component, they exert a tensile effect on the plates, so that the plates move against one another in their joints and the first flat component is thereby spatially curved Takes shape.
  • the first and the second flat component brace and stabilize each other.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to build structures without supporting scaffolding and complex supporting structures. Cranes and other erection devices are no longer necessary. Since the two flat components can be constructed and assembled from individual elements, the transportation of the individual parts to the construction site is also considerably simplified.
  • the self-supporting curved structure constructed according to the invention can be used as a protective wall and is advantageous wherever buildings of considerable size are to be erected quickly and with simple means.
  • connection between the two flat components is made in the geometric center of the plates of the first flat component and in the connection areas between the individual membrane elements of the second flat component.
  • the membrane elements causing the curvature of the first flat component act precisely in the middle of the individual plates and thus symmetrically to the joints located between the plates, which results in a regular curvature of the first flat component to be curved.
  • connection areas between the individual membrane elements which are required anyway, offer a particularly favorable opportunity to attach connection elements.
  • the points of attack between the first and the second flat component thus also take place symmetrically with regard to the membrane elements and at a point which is particularly favorable for the stress on the second flat component.
  • the point-by-point connection between the first flat component and the second flat component takes place in a particularly simple manner in that the two components are screwed together at the points mentioned.
  • the self-supporting curved structure results solely from the fact that the first flat component, which consists of hinged plates, and the second flat component, which consists of individual membrane elements, are braced against each other by filling the membrane elements with gas become.
  • This effect occurs even if the upper first membrane and the lower second membrane of each membrane element with respect to the structure to be erected have exactly the same elongation properties.
  • the second flat component can be converted into a specific spatial shape by attacking the individual membrane elements, in that each membrane element consists of a first and a membrane, the expansion properties of which are different.
  • the first and the second membrane can have a different thickness, for example.
  • the finally reached position of the self-supporting curved spatial structure to be produced according to the invention can finally be stabilized and the spatial structure achieved of the first flat component can be secured by inserting wedge-shaped intermediate pieces between the mutually facing side edges of adjacent panels. In this way, a building is created that is ultimately independent of the second flat component that served to create it.
  • connection between the two flat components can be released and the second flat component can be removed from the curved spatial structure after the filling gas has been released.
  • the self-supporting gel-curved structure according to the invention in particular a building, is specified in claim 7. It comprises a structure with a first flat surface consisting of plates which are connected to one another in an articulated manner Component which rests on a second flat component and is connected to it at least in points, the second flat component being constructed from gas-filled membrane elements which are connected to one another at their edges and of which each membrane element has at least a first, the first flat component facing membrane and a second membrane, and the two membranes form between them the gas-filled cavity of the membrane element.
  • each membrane element is brought closer to one another by filling the individual membrane elements with a gas. Due to the point-to-point connection with the first flat component located above, a tensile effect is exerted on the plates of the first flat component, which leads to angling in the joints between the individual plates. In this way, a laminated structure is created in which the first and the second flat component brace and stabilize against each other.
  • the second membrane is thicker than the first membrane.
  • the second flat component already tends to assume a curved shape when filled with gas. This effect thus reinforces the curvature effect which is given by the interaction of the second flat component with the first flat component.
  • the plates of the first flat component and the membrane elements of the second flat component are of square shape and of the same size.
  • Such a regular design creates the best conditions for a uniform deformation of the entire self-supporting structure and its properties are particularly predictable and predictable.
  • the connection between the first and the second flat component is made by connecting elements which are arranged in the center of the surface of the plates of the first component and on the second flat component in the connection areas between the individual membrane elements attack.
  • each connecting element on the second flat component between two adjacent membrane elements is approximately half the length of the adjacent membrane edges.
  • each connecting element on the second flat component is at the point of intersection of two connecting regions between the membrane elements.
  • four membrane elements are arranged in the form of a square, the individual membrane elements being connected to one another by a cross of connection areas. The connecting element then attacks at the center of this cross.
  • a domed or spherical, curved shape of the structure according to the invention will result, provided the joints between the plates of the first flat component are designed in a suitable manner.
  • the design can advantageously be made such that there is a gap between two adjacent plates of the first flat component, the width of which is that of
  • Connection area between two membrane elements corresponds, and that at least one connecting joint is arranged in the gap.
  • Membrane elements and the plates have approximately the same shape and size, so it is advantageous if the gap between the plates is the same
  • the self-supporting gel-curved structure according to the invention is to have an approximately cylindrical curvature
  • this can be done by arranging a plurality of connecting joints whose common pivot axis extends along the associated plate edges on both sides. For each two adjacent plates that are only separated by the mentioned gap, there are thus several joints each which have a common pivot axis. This pivot axis runs parallel to the adjacent plate edges. In this way, an approximately cylindrical curvature of the first flat component is prescribed. If a spatial warping in the manner of a ball is sought, it will be more advantageous that a single connecting joint is arranged between adjacent plates and is designed as a ball joint.
  • wedge-shaped intermediate pieces are provided, which are inserted between the mutually facing side edges of adjacent plates of the first flat component.
  • channels for the passage of a heating or cooling flow medium are arranged in the plates of the first flat component. If, in fact, such a self-supporting, gleamed structure is installed in areas in which snow loads can put an additional load on the structure, then heating the plates opens up the possibility of removing the snow before it can represent a critical load on the structure. However, it is also possible to cool the interior of such a structure if a cooling medium is passed through the channels of the plates in particularly hot areas.
  • the self-supporting curved structure according to the invention will generally be constructed from a large number of individual plates in the first flat component. It is therefore uneconomical to heat or cool each individual plate on its own. Therefore, according to an advantageous embodiment, flexible connecting lines are provided, which are arranged between the flow channels of at least one group of plates. In the extreme case, all plates can be connected to one another by such flexible connecting lines and the entire first flat component can thus be heated or cooled.
  • the second flat component is not to be removed after the entire self-supporting curved structure has been erected, a number of additional design options result from the fact that the plates of the first flat component and the first and second membrane of the membrane elements of the second flat component are transparent.
  • the membrane elements of the second flat component are fluidly coupled to one another by means of a conduit system such that light, in particular sunlight, absorbing or reflecting gas can be conducted into the membrane elements or out of these elements by means of transparent gas, so that the self-supporting curved structure changes from a transparent, translucent to a shadow providing light that essentially prevents passage or vice versa.
  • the self-supporting curved structure absorbs or reflects sunlight, i.e. Light on
  • the gas that is let in can also be discharged and through another Gas, preferably air, to be replaced.
  • the self-supporting curved structure changes from a shade to a structure that lets sunlight through.
  • the line system has controllable valves which can be controlled such that selected membrane elements can be filled with opaque gas or refilled with transparent gas and, depending on a basic arrangement of the membrane elements, desired patterns or lettering or letters can be generated ,
  • the invention creates the possibility of achieving special effects or of using such a structure consisting of such elements as a large area for advertisements. Also in the case of - soccer stadiums, the respective logo or the name of the team can easily be applied to the roof from game to game or even during the game.
  • Another possible embodiment of the self-supporting curved structure according to the invention is also based on the transparent design of the plates and the membrane elements and consists in that between the first and the second membrane of the membrane elements a flexible support with a photochromic coating is arranged, by means of which a light beam is used There is a shadow effect, which reversibly disappears when the light falls.
  • a “light barrier” that quickly and clearly darkens when exposed to strong light, but which reversibly enables the light to pass through the less intense the light is.
  • a “light barrier” that quickly and clearly darkens when exposed to strong light, but which reversibly enables the light to pass through the less intense the light is.
  • Another advantageous development consists in that an additional membrane with a reflective layer is arranged between the first and the second membrane of the membrane elements, by means of which heat energy incident in the form of radiation is at least partially reflected out of the spatially curved structure again, while light in the Can happen essentially.
  • self-supporting curved structures e.g. Have roofs made that do not overheat the rooms underneath, which is why less energy has to be used to air-condition these rooms, which, on the other hand, is bright enough that additional light sources are not required or there is no shadow effect to the detriment of the brightness of the room under the roof is available.
  • the stability and dimensional stability of the second two-dimensional component consisting of the membrane elements can be improved by the arrangement of at least one reinforcing membrane which, acting on the outer sides of two adjacent second membranes, covers their common edge and thereby forms an additional membrane element.
  • Rows of membrane elements distinguished.
  • a first, outer row of membrane elements is formed by the respective first and second membrane; this row of membrane elements is the first flat component facing the plates.
  • This outer row of membrane elements is then followed by the second inner row, which is formed by the second membranes and the reinforcement membranes of each further membrane element.
  • the reinforcement membranes can also be formed by skillful choice of the attachment points, by dimensioning their thickness and the width of the integral connection points in such a way that the shape of the resulting spatial structure is set very precisely in a targeted and desired manner.
  • a suitable material for such membranes is ethyl tetra-fluoroethylene. Details on this can be found in the applicant's earlier German patent applications mentioned at the beginning.
  • FIG. 1 shows the structure according to the invention in its initial position.
  • Figure 2 deals with the same structure in its erected state.
  • Figure 4 shows a detail of the finished structure.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the arrangement of the fastening points between the two flat components in a structure according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a somewhat modified representation corresponding to FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 shows a modification of the second flat component.
  • FIG. 1 The structure according to the invention is shown in its starting position in FIG. A first flat component 1 and a second flat component 2 can be seen.
  • the first flat component 1 consists of individual plates 3, which are arranged in a regular pattern and separated from one another by a gap. Connecting joints 4 are arranged in the gap, which enable the individual plates 3 to move relative to one another. With reference to the illustration according to FIG. 1, the plates 3 can be rotated relative to one another about axes perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, which run through the connecting joints 4.
  • the second flat component 2 which consists of two membranes, namely a first membrane 6 and a second membrane 7.
  • the two membranes are connected to one another in connection areas 8 and thereby form individual membrane elements 5.
  • connection elements 9 are attached, with which the first flat component 1 and the second flat component 2 are connected to one another point by point.
  • the connecting elements can be screws.
  • the structure shown schematically in FIG. 1 is brought to the point at which a building is to be constructed.
  • the individual membrane elements 5 are then filled with gas.
  • a gas filling system must be provided which connects all membrane elements 5 to one another or at least in groups. If the individual membrane elements are filled with gas, the length of the individual membrane elements that is marked with L decreases due to the mutual removal of the first and second membrane shown length to the length L ', cf. Figure 3.
  • the membrane elements pull over the connecting elements 9 on the plates 3 of the first flat component 1.
  • the individual plates assume an angular position relative to one another by kinking in the connecting joints 4, and a curved structure is formed, which can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the curvature of this structure can be different, depending on the gas pressure prevailing in the individual membrane elements 5.
  • the membrane elements 5 seek to shorten themselves further; however, the plates 3 set limits in spite of the joint 4. In this way, the first and the second flat component brace and stabilize each other. The process can finally be stopped at a certain gas pressure in the membrane elements and the curvature achieved in the process.
  • the resulting structure is extremely stable in space.
  • wedge-shaped intermediate pieces 10 can nevertheless be inserted into the gap between the individual plates 3, as can be seen from FIG. 4.
  • Each intermediate piece 10 is supported on the side edges 11 of the adjacent plates 3.
  • the final position of the plates 3 against each other is thus secured by the wedge-shaped intermediate pieces 10. Therefore, the gas can finally be released from the membrane elements 5; furthermore, by releasing the connecting elements 9, the second flat component 2 can be removed from the first flat component 1. Nevertheless, the built structure remains stable in its final position.
  • the second flat component can then be used again elsewhere.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a possible variant in the expansion behavior of an individual membrane element 5 when it is filled with gas.
  • the second membrane 7 since the second membrane 7 is thicker than the first membrane 6, the second membrane will expand less than that when inflated first membrane 6.
  • the result is an irregular curvature of the membrane element 5, which leads from the outset to a curvature in the sense of FIG. 1 and further reinforces the interaction of the first and the second flat component in the sense shown.
  • FIG. 3 shows how the end-side connection regions 8 of the individual membrane element 5 approach each other when inflated, as a result of which the aforementioned tensile effect on the plates 3 of the first flat component 1 comes about.
  • FIG. 5 shows the diagram of the connection points between the plates 3 of the first flat component 1 and the membrane elements 5 of the second flat component 2. For the sake of clarity, the connection areas between the individual membrane elements 5 are omitted.
  • the connecting elements 9 engage in the middle of each plate 3 and penetrate the connecting area 8 between the membrane edges 12. With this type of loading, the structure that arises becomes approximately cylindrical by kinking the plates along the pivot axes 13 to adjust.
  • FIG. 6 shows another arrangement diagram of the connection points. Although the arrangement with respect to the plates 3 has remained the same, the connecting elements 9 no longer engage in the longitudinal center of adjacent membrane elements, but rather in their corner points, that is to say at the intersection of their associated connecting regions 8. If the connecting joints between the plates 3 are correctly formed are, in particular also have a suitable play, an approximately spherical curvature of the entire structure can be achieved.
  • the reference numbers have been largely omitted in FIG. 6 so that the arrangement diagram is clearer.
  • FIG. 7 shows the second flat component 2 in a modified version.
  • Reinforcement membranes 14 act on the second membranes 7 of the membrane elements 5. They cause additional, inwardly directed forces and the flat component 2 additionally bending forces. 7, the reinforcement membranes 14 engage at different connection points 16 with the second membranes 7 at a distance from one another. However, a common line of attack can also be chosen. It is crucial that the reinforcement membranes 14 bridge the connection areas 8 at which the adjacent membrane elements 5 abut or are connected to one another. In this way, another row of membrane elements 15 is created.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, une structure tridimensionnelle incurvée est construite à partir d'un premier composant plan (1) et d'un second composant plan (2). Le premier composant plan est constitué de plaques (3) qui sont reliées entre elles par des liaisons articulées (4). Les liaisons articulées (4) se trouvent dans l'espace formé entre les arêtes latérales (11) de plaques voisines (3). Le second composant plan (2) est constitué d'éléments à membranes (5) individuels. Chaque élément à membranes (5) comprend une première (6) et une seconde (7) membrane. Les éléments à membranes (5) peuvent être réalisés par superposition de deux bandes de matière de membrane et collage ou soudage de celles-ci le long de leurs zones de liaison (8). Au niveau des zones de liaison (8) viennent en prise des éléments de liaison (9) qui servent à relier le premier (1) et le second (2) composant. Lorsque les éléments à membranes (5) sont remplis de gaz, l'interaction des deux composants plans (1) et (2) fait prendre à la structure dans son ensemble une forme incurvée arquée et la rend autoporteuse. L'invention permet ainsi d'obtenir de manière simple des édifices de très bonne stabilité. L'invention peut s'appliquer à la réalisation de grandes salles destinées à des activités sportives et analogues, ou de salles destinées à l'entreposage de véhicules ou d'avions.
PCT/EP2003/008653 2002-08-06 2003-08-05 Procede et systeme pour eriger une structure autoporteuse incurvee, en particulier un edifice Ceased WO2004015227A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03784179A EP1529143A1 (fr) 2002-08-06 2003-08-05 Procede et systeme pour eriger une structure autoporteuse incurvee, en particulier un edifice
AU2003258572A AU2003258572A1 (en) 2002-08-06 2003-08-05 Method and system for erecting a self-supporting arched structure, in particular a building

Applications Claiming Priority (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10236013.8 2002-08-06
DE10236013 2002-08-06
DE10237143.1 2002-08-13
DE10237143 2002-08-13
DE10237142 2002-08-13
DE10237142.3 2002-08-13
DE10241151 2002-09-05
DE10241151.4 2002-09-05
DE2003106055 DE10306055B3 (de) 2003-02-13 2003-02-13 Verfahren zum Errichten einer selbsttragenden gekrümmten Struktur und selbsttragende gekrümmte Struktur insbesondere Bauwerk
DE10306055.3 2003-02-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004015227A1 true WO2004015227A1 (fr) 2004-02-19
WO2004015227A8 WO2004015227A8 (fr) 2004-05-27

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PCT/EP2003/008653 Ceased WO2004015227A1 (fr) 2002-08-06 2003-08-05 Procede et systeme pour eriger une structure autoporteuse incurvee, en particulier un edifice

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1529143A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003258572A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004015227A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1717387A3 (fr) * 2005-04-26 2007-05-02 EADS Deutschland GmbH Structure pneumatique de plancher et de mur
WO2009059797A3 (fr) * 2007-11-09 2010-02-18 Vector Foiltec Gmbh Système de coussin à pellicule
CN103015529A (zh) * 2012-12-25 2013-04-03 上海交通大学 沿测地线布置交叉索网充气膜结构
CN105804492B (zh) * 2016-05-09 2018-07-24 盐城市昶桦户外用品股份有限公司 一种便携式充气帐篷
US20240301716A1 (en) * 2023-03-06 2024-09-12 Georgia Tech Research Corporation System for partially filling an enclosure

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB961328A (en) * 1961-05-09 1964-06-17 Kidde Walter Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to collapsible buildings
GB1046632A (en) * 1963-07-26 1966-10-26 Ml Aviation Co Ltd Improvements relating to inflatable shelters

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB961328A (en) * 1961-05-09 1964-06-17 Kidde Walter Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to collapsible buildings
GB1046632A (en) * 1963-07-26 1966-10-26 Ml Aviation Co Ltd Improvements relating to inflatable shelters

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1717387A3 (fr) * 2005-04-26 2007-05-02 EADS Deutschland GmbH Structure pneumatique de plancher et de mur
WO2009059797A3 (fr) * 2007-11-09 2010-02-18 Vector Foiltec Gmbh Système de coussin à pellicule
CN101970778B (zh) * 2007-11-09 2013-03-20 维克多-福伊特克股份有限公司 膜垫装置
CN103015529A (zh) * 2012-12-25 2013-04-03 上海交通大学 沿测地线布置交叉索网充气膜结构
CN105804492B (zh) * 2016-05-09 2018-07-24 盐城市昶桦户外用品股份有限公司 一种便携式充气帐篷
US20240301716A1 (en) * 2023-03-06 2024-09-12 Georgia Tech Research Corporation System for partially filling an enclosure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1529143A1 (fr) 2005-05-11
AU2003258572A8 (en) 2004-02-25
WO2004015227A8 (fr) 2004-05-27
AU2003258572A1 (en) 2004-02-25

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