WO2004016624A2 - Verfahren zur herstellung endohedraler fullerene - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung endohedraler fullerene Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004016624A2 WO2004016624A2 PCT/DE2003/002501 DE0302501W WO2004016624A2 WO 2004016624 A2 WO2004016624 A2 WO 2004016624A2 DE 0302501 W DE0302501 W DE 0302501W WO 2004016624 A2 WO2004016624 A2 WO 2004016624A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fullerenes
- graphite electrodes
- inert gas
- endohedral
- gas mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/152—Fullerenes
- C01B32/154—Preparation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing endohedral fullerenes in an arc reactor by burning graphite electrodes.
- the method according to the invention ensures a very high fullerene yield.
- the fullerenes produced can be used, for example, as contrast media for medical examinations.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for producing endohedral fullerenes in an arc reactor by burning graphite electrodes, with which it is possible to significantly increase the fullerene yield.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that the burning is carried out in an atmosphere which contains a reactive gas component consisting of at least two elements in an inert gas or inert gas mixture.
- the proportion of the reactive gas component can be 5 vol% to 60 vol%.
- the proportion is preferably 5% by volume to 10% by volume.
- a nitrogen-containing or a carbon-containing reactive gas component is used, such as NH 3 or CH 4 or other hydrocarbons.
- the reactive gas component can be fed to the arc reactor from the outside during the burning process or generated in the arc reactor.
- Graphite electrodes modified with metal or metal oxides can be used in the method according to the invention.
- graphite electrodes can be used which are modified, for example, with holmium or scandium or their oxides.
- graphite electrodes modified with metal or metal oxides and a nitrogenous substance can also be used.
- a can be used to modify the graphite electrodes with a nitrogen-containing substance
- Metal cyanamide preferably calcium cyanamide or lead cyanamide, can be used.
- a very high fullerene yield of 50 to 95% of endohedral M 3 N cluster fullerene as the main product is advantageously achieved with the method according to the invention.
- the method can be carried out with little effort and in a simple manner and leads to reproducible results.
- the fullerenes produced in this way can be used, for example, as contrast media for medical examinations.
- graphite electrodes modified with holmium metal are burned off in a gas mixture containing a reactive gas component with pulsed direct current with a current strength between 75 A ' and 150 A.
- the graphite electrodes used have a composition with the ratio of graphite: holmium of 1 mol: 0.4 mol.
- the gas mixture consists of He and NH 3 , the NH 3 being the reactive one Component is.
- the proportions in the gas mixture are 200 mbar He and 20 mbar NH 3 .
- endohedral holmium nitride cluster fullerenes are formed with a yield between 85 and 95%.
- Ho 2 0 3 modified graphite electrodes in a gas mixture containing a reactive gas component are burned with pulsed direct current with a current between 75 A and 150 A.
- the graphite electrodes used have a composition with the ratio of graphite: M 2 0 3 of 1 mol: 0.3 mol.
- the gas mixture consists of He and NH 3 , the NH 3 being the reactive component.
- the proportions in the gas mixture are 200 mbar He and 20 mbar NH 3 .
- endohedral holmium nitride cluster fullerenes are formed with a yield of around 60%.
- graphite electrodes modified with scandium and CaNCN are burned off in a gas mixture containing a reactive gas component with pulsed direct current with a current between 75 A and 150 A.
- the graphite electrodes used have a composition with a ratio of graphite: scandium: CaNCN of 1 mol: 0.6 mol: 0.4 mol.
- the gas mixture consists of He and NH 3 , the NH 3 being the reactive component.
- the proportions in the gas mixture are 200 mbar He and 10 mbar NH 3 .
- graphite electrodes modified with Ho 2 0 3 and CaNCN are burned off in a gas mixture containing a reactive gas component with pulsed direct current with a current strength between 75 A and 150 A.
- the graphite electrodes used have a composition with the ratio of graphite: Ho 2 0 3 : CaNCN of 1 mol: 0.4 mol: 0.4 mol.
- the gas mixture consists of He and NH 3 , the NH 3 being the reactive component.
- the proportions in the gas mixture are 200 mbar He and 10 mbar NH 3 .
- endohedral holmium nitride cluster fullerenes are formed with a yield of between 50 and 70%.
- graphite electrodes in a gas mixture containing a reactive gas component are burned off with pulsed direct current with a current of 175 A.
- the gas mixture consists of He and CH 4 , the CH 4 being the reactive component.
- the proportions in the gas mixture are 200 mbar He and 10 mbar CH.
- CH 2 @C 70 is formed as the main component of the endohedral fullerenes, with C ⁇ o and C 70 making up the majority of the total fullerene content.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/519,696 US20050232842A1 (en) | 2002-07-22 | 2003-07-21 | Method for the production of endohedral fullerenes |
| CN038173980A CN1671620B (zh) | 2002-07-22 | 2003-07-21 | 用来制备内嵌富勒烯的方法 |
| AU2003250801A AU2003250801A1 (en) | 2002-07-22 | 2003-07-21 | Method for the production of endohedral fullerenes |
| JP2004528436A JP4603358B2 (ja) | 2002-07-22 | 2003-07-21 | 内包フラーレンの製造方法 |
| DE10393502T DE10393502D2 (de) | 2002-07-22 | 2003-07-21 | Verfahren zur Herstellung endohedraler Fullerne |
| EP03787736A EP1523450A2 (de) | 2002-07-22 | 2003-07-21 | Verfahren zur herstellung endohedraler fullerene |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10233566 | 2002-07-22 | ||
| DE10233566.4 | 2002-07-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004016624A2 true WO2004016624A2 (de) | 2004-02-26 |
| WO2004016624A3 WO2004016624A3 (de) | 2004-05-21 |
Family
ID=30010328
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2003/002501 Ceased WO2004016624A2 (de) | 2002-07-22 | 2003-07-21 | Verfahren zur herstellung endohedraler fullerene |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050232842A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1523450A2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4603358B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1671620B (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2003250801A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10301722B4 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2004137099A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004016624A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2008317422A1 (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-30 | Luna Innovations Incorporated | Metallofullerene contrast agents |
| US20090250661A1 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-10-08 | Stevenson Steven A | Trimetallic Nitride Clusters Entrapped Within CnN Heteroatom Cages |
| CN101337668B (zh) * | 2008-08-11 | 2013-10-23 | 彭汝芳 | 制备内嵌富勒烯的方法 |
| DE102008043654A1 (de) | 2008-11-11 | 2010-05-20 | Leibniz-Institut Für Festkörper- Und Werkstoffforschung Dresden E.V. | Diagnostisches und/oder therapeutisches Agens, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Verwendung |
| CN102205958B (zh) * | 2011-05-04 | 2013-01-23 | 中国科学技术大学 | 内嵌氮化物原子簇富勒烯的制备方法 |
| CN104129775B (zh) * | 2014-07-16 | 2015-12-30 | 苏州大学 | 一种内嵌钪氧化物团簇富勒烯的制备方法 |
| CN106744814A (zh) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 河南科技学院 | 一种内嵌金属富勒烯的提取方法 |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5300203A (en) * | 1991-11-27 | 1994-04-05 | William Marsh Rice University | Process for making fullerenes by the laser evaporation of carbon |
| JPH05282938A (ja) * | 1992-02-28 | 1993-10-29 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 金属内包フラーレン類の製造方法 |
| US5876684A (en) * | 1992-08-14 | 1999-03-02 | Materials And Electrochemical Research (Mer) Corporation | Methods and apparati for producing fullerenes |
| JPH06199509A (ja) * | 1993-01-07 | 1994-07-19 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 超微粒子の安定化方法、グラファイトで包まれた超微粒子およびその製造方法 |
| DE4335915A1 (de) * | 1993-10-21 | 1995-04-27 | Roggenkamp Karl Heinz | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Fullerenen und dotierten Buckmister Fullereren aus kohlenstoffhaltigen Granulaten und Stäuben und der Beigabe von Metallen oder seltenen Erden, wobei der zu verdampfende Rohstoff in einer tassenartigen hochtemperaturfesten Umhüllung sich befindet |
| JPH07189040A (ja) * | 1993-12-27 | 1995-07-25 | Nec Corp | 円筒状黒鉛繊維の製造方法 |
| JPH09309711A (ja) * | 1996-03-18 | 1997-12-02 | Toyo Tanso Kk | 炭素クラスター、それを製造するための原料及びその炭素クラスターの製造方法 |
| DE19627338A1 (de) * | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-02 | Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin Gmbh | Elektrode zur Herstellung von höheren Fullerenen nach dem Krätschmer-Huffman-Lichtbogenverfahren |
| EP0951440A4 (de) * | 1997-01-13 | 2000-03-15 | Daimlerchrysler Aerospace Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von komplexen kohlenstoffmolekülen |
| JP2000159514A (ja) * | 1998-11-26 | 2000-06-13 | Univ Nagoya | 金属内包フラーレンの製造方法 |
| US6303760B1 (en) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-10-16 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Endohedral metallofullerenes and method for making the same |
| EP1286303A1 (de) * | 2001-08-13 | 2003-02-26 | Hitachi Europe Limited | Quantenrechner |
-
2003
- 2003-01-15 DE DE10301722A patent/DE10301722B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-21 AU AU2003250801A patent/AU2003250801A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-21 CN CN038173980A patent/CN1671620B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-21 WO PCT/DE2003/002501 patent/WO2004016624A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-07-21 US US10/519,696 patent/US20050232842A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-21 JP JP2004528436A patent/JP4603358B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-21 EP EP03787736A patent/EP1523450A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-07-21 RU RU2004137099/15A patent/RU2004137099A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-07-21 DE DE10393502T patent/DE10393502D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2003250801A8 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
| JP4603358B2 (ja) | 2010-12-22 |
| AU2003250801A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
| JP2005533745A (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
| US20050232842A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
| RU2004137099A (ru) | 2005-07-10 |
| DE10301722B4 (de) | 2009-12-10 |
| DE10301722A1 (de) | 2004-02-05 |
| CN1671620B (zh) | 2010-05-26 |
| CN1671620A (zh) | 2005-09-21 |
| EP1523450A2 (de) | 2005-04-20 |
| WO2004016624A3 (de) | 2004-05-21 |
| DE10393502D2 (de) | 2005-07-07 |
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