WO2005069607A1 - Bilderfassungssystem und dessen verwendung - Google Patents
Bilderfassungssystem und dessen verwendung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005069607A1 WO2005069607A1 PCT/EP2005/000495 EP2005000495W WO2005069607A1 WO 2005069607 A1 WO2005069607 A1 WO 2005069607A1 EP 2005000495 W EP2005000495 W EP 2005000495W WO 2005069607 A1 WO2005069607 A1 WO 2005069607A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- image acquisition
- acquisition system
- image
- optical
- array
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0012—Arrays characterised by the manufacturing method
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
- G02B3/0043—Inhomogeneous or irregular arrays, e.g. varying shape, size, height
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
- G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0075—Arrays characterized by non-optical structures, e.g. having integrated holding or alignment means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
- G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
- G06V40/1324—Sensors therefor by using geometrical optics, e.g. using prisms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to a digital image acquisition system with a minimum overall length of less than 1 mm.
- the image acquisition system consists of a microlens array, a detector array and optionally a pinhole array.
- the mode of operation of this image acquisition system is based on separate afro-fertilization of different solid angle segments of the object space by means of a large number of parallel optical channels.
- a single optical channel maps all information from the object space into the image plane.
- the objective maps the entire detectable angular range of the object space.
- the image acquisition takes place centrally behind the microlenses Insulation is used to minimize crosstalk, which means that individually manufactured components are also used Adjusted to each other, which leads to additional sources of error and costs.
- Insulation is used to minimize crosstalk, which means that individually manufactured components are also used Adjusted to each other, which leads to additional sources of error and costs.
- JP 2001-210812 A shows an optical system with a large number of optical channels with a respective microlens and a detector arranged in its focal plane. This optical system is based on an actual image conventional look arranged. At the same time, the detector pixels have approximately the same size as the microlenses, as a result of which a very large angular range of the object can be imaged on a single pixel 5. This results in an imaging system with only low resolution.
- the further dependent claims show advantageous developments. The uses of such image capture
- an image acquisition system is made up of regularly arranged optical channels with a 35 microlens and at least one detector lying in its focal line, which detector is behind the Microlens extracted at least one pixel, provided.
- the optical axes of the individual optical channels have different inclinations, so that they represent a function of the distance of the optical channel from the center of the side of the image acquisition system facing the image, and thus the ratio of the size of the field of view of the optics to the size of the image field can be determined in a targeted manner .
- Detectors with such high sensitivity are used that they have a large pitch with a small active area.
- the flat camera described consists of a microlens array and a detector array or an optional pinhole array located in its focal plane, which covers a detector array of larger active areas than that of the pixels.
- pixel is to be understood as an area with the desired spectral sensitivity.
- a micro image of the object is created in the image plane of each microlens, which is statically scanned by the detector or pinhole array.
- Each microlens is one or few photosensitive pixels, e.g. with different functions, e.g. spectral sensitivities. Due to the offset of the photosensitive pixel within the microimage from cell to cell generated in various ways, the entire image is scanned and recorded over the entire array.
- the inclination of the optical axis of an optical channel consisting of a microlens and a detector extracting a pixel from the micro image behind this lens or pinholes covering these is a function of its radial coordinate in the array.
- the imaging principle according to the invention cannot be depending on the spectral range and can therefore be used in general from UV to VIS to deep IR, with appropriate adaptation of the materials to be used for optics and receivers to the spectral range.
- the use for IR sensors also seems particularly attractive since the microlens arrays can be manufactured in silicon or germanium (or limited polymers), which has the advantage that no large and therefore extremely expensive germanium or silicon lenses are required. but only very thin microlens arrays, which leads to significant material and mass savings and thus cost savings.
- IR sensors often have a large pitch with a small active pixel area and therefore require lens arrays that increase the fill factor.
- the combination of conventional imaging optics with a filling factor-increasing lens array can be replaced by the invention by only one imaging lens array.
- bolometer arrays that determine temperature fields can also be provided with ultra-flat imaging systems.
- the neighboring cells are preferably optically isolated (cf. FIG. 2). This prevents crosstalk, which leads to a reduced signal-to-noise ratio of the imaging system. Due to the inclined optical axes, which can be guaranteed in different ways, they observe the object space separately from or only with a minimal angular overlap with the neighboring imaging units. Each optical channel therefore provides at least one image pixel (possibly in different colors) that corresponds to a solid angle area in the object space within the field of view of the entire optics. The reconstruction is possible by combining all the signals supplied by the individual optical channels the object distribution.
- the arrangement mentioned can advantageously be combined, in particular with photoelectronic sensors which have a high sensitivity or contrast sensitivity, but which have a relatively large pitch with small pixels (less
- the arrangement described is produced using modern micro-optical technologies on a system and wafer scale. This eliminates the need for complex assembly and adjustment steps for individually manufactured components. The result is the greatest possible system integration, precision and price attractiveness.
- the number of optical channels can be adapted to the application and vary in the range from 10x10 to 1000x1000 channels (for high-resolution images).
- the lateral extent of the camera chip can be less than lxl mm 2 or more than 10x10 mm 2 .
- Non-square arrangements are also conceivable to adapt to the detector geometry or to the shape of the field of view.
- Non-round lenses (anamorphic) to correct the off-axis aberrations are conceivable.
- a combination of the image-receiving channels with light sources located in between or on top of them is very advantageous for a further reduction in the overall length or the necessary volume of an imaging arrangement, since lighting from the side or in an upward direction is not expensive as is otherwise the case - or transmitted light must be supplied. This opens up even the smallest and narrowest work spaces, for example in microsystem technology or endoscopy in medicine.
- One variant according to the invention provides that correction of off-axis image errors is made possible for each individual channel by using different anamorphic lenses, in particular elliptical fused lenses.
- the correction of the astigmatism and the field curvature enables the image to remain equally sharp over the entire field of view or field of view, since the shape of the lens of each channel is individually adapted to the angle of incidence to be transmitted.
- the lens has two different main radii of curvature.
- the orientation of the ellipses is always such that the axis of a main curvature radius is in the direction of the increasing angle of incidence and that of the other main curvature radius is perpendicular to it.
- Both main radii of curvature grow with increasing angle of incidence according to analytically derivable laws, whereby the radii increase to different extents.
- Adjustment of the principal radius of curvature ratio of the lens of a single channel can be done by adjusting the axis ratio of the ellipse base.
- the change in the radius of curvature from channel to channel is set by adjusting the size of the axes.
- a correction of the distortion ie the main beam deflection angle
- the distortion can be corrected simply by a non-constant pitch difference between the lens array and the pinhole or detector array.
- the number of pixels per channel there is both the possibility that one pixel is assigned to each channel or that several channels are assigned to each channel.
- a pixel size of the optoelectronics corresponding to the diffraction-limited spot size of approximately 2 to 3 ⁇ m should be selected, the pixel pitch should be in the order of 50 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the free space on the sensor can be used through the implementation of intelligent pixel-near signal preprocessing.
- Many image processing tasks can already be carried out analogously in the image sensor, e.g. can be dealt with by operation between pixels of adjacent or only slightly distant channels. These include, for example:
- Contrast, contrast direction (edge orientation) Motion detection • Increased resolution for point sources (for point sources, a resolution of the position in the visual field can be achieved far more accurately than the diffraction limit of the optics by evaluating the differences in the signals of adjacent channels for the same object point.) • Determination of the center of gravity and the average extent of an intensity distribution.
- a large amount of additional image information can be provided by using several pixels with different properties or from pixel groups with pixels with the same properties in the individual channels. Which includes:
- PSD point image washing function
- An increase in resolution can be achieved by offsetting all micro images.
- a conventional densely packed image sensor megapixel image sensor
- the individual microimages have a minimal lateral offset from one another due to the different position of the individual channels relative to the center of the array.
- the calculation of this minimal shift of the micro images into an overall image results in a significantly higher resolution image than if only one image pixel per channel was recorded.
- Color recordings are also made possible by arranging color filters in front of several otherwise identical pixels per channel.
- the center of the pixel group is located at the same location as a single pixel in the simple variant with only one pixel per channel, the center of the pixel group depending on the radial coordinate of the channel in question in the array is. Electronic angle correction may be necessary.
- a combination with color image sensors is also possible, the three color sensitive detector levels of which are arranged one above the other and not next to one another.
- the luminous intensity can be increased without loss of resolution by arranging several similar pixels with a greater distance in a channel. This means that several channels look in the same direction from different points on the camera. Subsequent superposition of related signals increases the light intensity without reducing the angular resolution at the same time.
- the position of the pixel group relative to the microlens varies minimally from channel to channel, so that the visual field is scanned in the same way as the variant with only one pixel per channel.
- the advantage of this variant is that due to the fact that several channels generate the same pixel at the same time, the noise only accumulates statistically, i.e. it corrects with the root of the photon number, but the signal accumulates linearly. This results in an improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio.
- a further variant according to the invention provides that an arrangement is selected in which the optical axes of at least two channels intersect at an object point due to the arrangement of several pixels per channel.
- the object distance must not be too large compared to the lateral camera extension, ie it is crucial for a good depth resolution when measuring the distance, the largest possible base length of the triangulation.
- Channels that look at the same object point from different directions should therefore be as far apart as possible.
- the use of several pixels per channel makes sense for this, but is not absolutely necessary.
- channels with only one pixel each can also be arranged directly next to each other, but they look in very different directions, so that they enable the optical axes to be cut with channel pairs on the opposite side of the camera. This arrangement enables stereoscopic 3D image recording or a distance measurement, ie triangulation, because for this purpose the same object point must be looked at at different angles.
- the number of channels required can be reduced by using several detector pixels per channel.
- a channel can cover different viewing directions at the same time by using several detector pixels, which are differently decentered compared to the microlens. Less necessary channels means that the total area of the camera becomes smaller.
- Anamorphic or elliptical lenses can nevertheless be used for the correction of off-axis image errors if the detector pixels are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the center of the microlenses, since they each correct the angle of incidence.
- these gratings can optionally be constant over the array, but can also have variable parameters from channel to channel, such as orientation, blaze or period (structured gratings).
- Several similar pixels of suitable spacing in a channel record the spectrum spatially separated by the grating.
- the grating can also be replaced by other dispersive elements that allow different wavelengths to be deflected onto separate pixels. The simplest conceivable case for this would be the use of chromatic transverse aberrations for the color division, whereby additional elements can be dispensed with entirely.
- polarization sensitivity of the camera can be arranged in front of otherwise identical electronic pixels in each channel.
- the center of the pixel group is located at the same location as the individual pixels in the system which has one pixel per channel and is dependent on the radial coordinate of the channel in question in the array.
- the polarization filters can also be integrated in the plane of the microlenses, e.g. are applied to these, in which case a channel can only detect a specific polarization direction. Adjacent channels are then equipped with differently oriented polarization filters.
- Another variant provides an imaging color sensor, with an alternative to the normal RGB color coding is usually carried out here, an adaptation to the color spectrum to be processed is carried out by appropriate selection of the structured filter.
- the pixel geometry can be adapted to the symmetry of the mapping task, e.g. As an alternative to the Cartesian arrangement according to FIG. 11a, a radially symmetrical (FIG. 11b), a hexagonal (FIG. 11c), or arrangement of the facets that is otherwise adapted in its geometry can be selected.
- a combination with liquid crystal elements can also take place.
- the polarization effects can be used to e.g. to arrange electrically switchable or displaceable or polarizable pinhole diaphragms over otherwise fixed, densely packed detector arrays. This achieves a high number of degrees of freedom in the mapping.
- the functions described here can also be achieved by integrating the structures / elements distinguishing the pixels of the individual channel into the plane of the microlenses.
- only one electronic pixel per channel is required and the channels differ in their optical functions and not only in their viewing directions.
- the positive consequence is a coarser and simpler structuring of the electronics.
- the disadvantage is the possibly larger number of channels and the associated larger lateral space required for an equivalent resolution.
- a combination of several different! I- rather pixels per channel with different optical properties of different channels can also make sense his. Since the system described can be manufactured on a wafer scale, it is possible to increase the light intensity of the recording by separating not individual cameras but entire groups (arrays of cameras) by simply having several cameras doing the same
- the base surface can also have a concave shape.
- Microlens arrays consisting of Fresnel or diffractive lenses with respective angle of incidence adjustment.
- off-axis lenses with individual parameters of the individual lenses can be generated, for example, with the aid of a laser recorder with a possible subsequent impression become.
- These individual lenses allow the adjustment of the lens parameters for the correct setting of the deflection direction, as well as the correction of the off-axis aberrations for the central main beam.
- the lenses are decentered over the center of the cells to cause distraction. This function can also be interpreted as a prism effect.
- the pinholes can remain centered in the individual cells, but can also be offset from the center of the cell as a function of the radial coordinate of the cell in question in the array.
- Microlens arrays on curved surfaces can also be generated with the aid of a laser pen and molding or by molding conventionally produced microlens arrays with deformable stamps. Depending on the application, all microlenses can have the same parameters, or the lens parameters must be varied so that each microlens always actually focuses on the corresponding receptor (see Fig. 6). Partitions to avoid crosstalk are also advantageous here.
- Refractive deflecting structure possibly on separate substrates, to 4.
- the function of an off-axis lens can also be achieved by combining a fused lens array of identical lenses with diffractive, linearly deflecting, individually as a function of the radial coordinate of the cell Structures adapted to the cell can be achieved in the array -> hybrid structures of 5.
- the structure heights that can be generated with the aid of a laser recorder, for example, are limited. Microlens arrays with lenses of high apex height and / or strong decentration can quickly exceed these maximum values if smooth, uninterrupted structures are required for the individual lenses.
- a sensible adaptation of the sampling angle to the acceptance angle can also be achieved.
- a significant improvement in the properties of the described invention can be achieved by an additional arrangement of the detectors on a curved base surface, as shown in FIG. 7.
- the radius of curvature of the spherical shell on which the detectors are located should be chosen so much smaller than that of the spherical shell on which the microlenses are located that microlenses of the same focal length on the first spherical shell focus precisely on the receptors on the second spherical shell.
- Ball shells are concentric. The choice of this arrangement results in the imaging of a large field of view, without off-axis aberrations, since an optical channel " for an object point to be imaged by it is always axisymmetric. Identical microlenses can be used.
- the simultaneous front and back hot stamping / UV casting in a thin plate or film that can be easily placed and glued onto the sensor array seems particularly advantageous.
- the lens arrays are embossed on the front and the crossed trenches on the back, which are the optically insulating walls of the channels by subsequent filling with black or absorbent potting compound.
- the molding tools of the lens arrays for hot stamping can e.g. can be created by galvanic molding from the original molds, while transparent tools are required for UV casting.
- Archetypes / tools of the optical structures can be used, regardless of whether identical lenses or lenses with varying parameters ("chirped lens arrays"), e.g. through the reflow
- gray tone lithography, laser writing, ultra-precision machining, laser ablation and combinations of these technologies can be generated and can also consist of lenses with integrated prisms or gratings or of lens segments offset relative to the channel center.
- the master forms / tools for the crossed walls can be used, for example, by lithography in photoresist that can be structured with a very high aspect ratio (SU8) or by ultra-precision machining, such as shape drilling of round or milling of square or rectangular trench structures, the Bosch Silicon process (deep dry etching with a very high aspect ratio), wet etching of silicon in KOH (anisotropic), the LIGA process or by laser ablation.
- lithography in photoresist that can be structured with a very high aspect ratio (SU8) or by ultra-precision machining, such as shape drilling of round or milling of square or rectangular trench structures, the Bosch Silicon process (deep dry etching with a very high aspect ratio), wet etching of silicon in KOH (anisotropic), the LIGA process or by
- these walls can be produced by exposing an unstructured substrate to the rear with a high-power laser, so-called excimer laser, by means of a lithographic mask with crossed webs and resulting blackening of the exposed areas, the black walls being produced with a bombardment.
- a high-power laser so-called excimer laser
- the crossed walls then being created as paths of a scanning deflection of the laser focus.
- the black walls are written into the material.
- spray coating with a thin polymer film of suitable refractive index (prisms, aspherical lens segments, (blazed) gratings, crossed ID array structures).
- Gluing the ultra-flat optics to the sensor leads to a significant reduction in Fresnel reflection losses, since two interfaces with air are eliminated.
- the shape of the black walls does not necessarily have to be such that the transparent volumes of the channels are cuboids, but can also result in transparent conical or pyramid-shaped spacing structures between the lens array and the image plane. Replication of the structures described from the roll in film allows inexpensive continuous production. The production of thin plates is also conceivable. Many thin lenses are created at the same time.
- Replication technologies include molding in UV-curable polymer (UV reaction casting), embossing or printing on plastic film (double-sided), design as a plastic compression or injection molded part, hot stamping thin plastic plates and UV reaction casting directly on optoelectronic wafers used.
- the image-recording pixels in the camera do not necessarily have to be packed tightly, but can alternate, for example, with slightly extended light sources, for example LEDs (also in color). Image-capturing and image-rendering pixels are thus massively distributed in large arrays, for simultaneous image acquisition and display possible.
- the image acquisition system according to the invention can also be used in the field of endoscopy.
- a curved image sensor can e.g. be mounted on a cylinder jacket. This enables an all-round view in organs accessible for endoscopy.
- Another use relates to the detection of the sun's position or the determination of the relative position of a point source or a light source that is only slightly extended to a reference surface that is firmly connected to the flat camera. This requires a relatively high and possibly asymmetrical field of view, approx. 60 ° x 30 ° full angle.
- Another use relates to the recording and processing of so-called smart labels.
- a reconfigurable pattern recognition can thereby be realized, for example, by using channels with several pixels according to FIGS. 9b or 9d. This means that the view direction of each channel can be switched electronically, which results in a redistribution in the assignment of image and object information. This can be used, for example, to define other object patterns from time to time without having to replace the camera.
- the use also concerns the recognition and identification of logos.
- microsystem technology e.g. as a camera to observe the work area.
- grippers on the jaws or arms can have corresponding image capture systems.
- This also includes application in the area of "machine vision", e.g. small cameras for
- a flat camera has enormous advantages here, since no high resolution is required, but only high depth of field.
- Another use relates to 3D motion tracking, for example the hand of one person or of an entire person for implementation in 3D virtual reality or for surveillance technology.
- This requires inexpensive, large-area receiver arrays, which is fulfilled by the image acquisition systems according to the invention.
- Other uses concern iris recognition, fingerprint recognition, object recognition and motion detection.
- Sensory fields of application in the automotive sector are also preferred. These include e.g. Monitoring tasks in the vehicle interior or exterior, e.g. with regard to the distance, the collision risk of the exterior, the interior or the seat occupancy.
- Ultra-flat camera systems can be easily integrated into bumpers and not only function as distance sensors, but also for the detection of obstacles, objects and pedestrians, for traffic management and for pre-crash sensors.
- image sensors are used, in addition to pure distance Sensors (radar lidar technology) that offer little or no spatial resolution are becoming increasingly important.
- radar lidar technology radar lidar technology
- flat cameras in the infrared spectral range. The flat and unobtrusive design represents a clear advantage of this innovative camera concept compared to conventional camera systems.
- ultra-flat camera systems could be integrated into keys or installed in the interior and allow authentication of the user based on biometric features (e.g. face recognition).
- CMOS and CCD sensors can be used for photo-electrical image conversion. Thinned and coated on the back are particularly attractive. Illuminated detectors because they are particularly easy to connect directly to the optics and also have other advantages in terms of sensitivity.
- FIG. 1 shows a side view of an embodiment variant of the ultra-flat camera system necessarily consisting of a microlens array, substrate and pinhole array. Due to a slightly smaller pitch of the pinhole array compared to the lens array, the direction of the optical axes moves outwards when going to outer channels. This arrangement can be placed directly on top of electronics with a suitable pixel pitch.
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment variant analogous to FIG. 1, but with light protection walls.
- An aperture layer is located on a substrate, which can also be replaced by the photosensitive electronics as a carrier.
- Transparent towers form the spacer between microlenses and pinholes. The spaces between the towers are filled with non-transparent (absorbent) material in order to achieve optical isolation of the individual channels.
- FIG. 3 shows a possible manufacturing process for the variant in FIG. 2.
- substrates are coated with the pinhole array.
- SU8 platforms towers
- the spaces between the towers are filled with absorbent material (PSK).
- PSK absorbent material
- microlens arrays are aligned to the pinhole arrays.
- FIG. 4 shows a representation of an embodiment variant. 300 ⁇ m thick substrate with pinhole array on the back and UV-molded microlens array with a polymer thickness of 20 ⁇ m on the front.
- the pitch difference between the microlens and pinhole array results in inclined optical axes and thus an effective reduction.
- This arrangement can be glued directly onto imaging electronics with pitches matching pixels.
- FIG 5 shows an ultra-flat camera with a lens array made up of off-axis lens segments; the decentration depends on the viewing direction of the channel or the radial position in the array (prism effect).
- FIG. 7 shows an ultra-flat camera with a lens array and detector array on a curved base.
- the focal lengths of the lenses can all be the same here.
- a diverging lens is also conceivable as the base surface, the resulting overall picture is then reversed.
- 8 shows a side view of an image acquisition system according to the invention with one pixel per optical channel.
- FIG 10 shows examples of the integration of additional optical functions in the image acquisition system according to the invention.
- FIG. 14 shows the image acquisition system according to the invention in combination with a liquid lens (electronic zoom).
- Fig. 1 shows a variant of the object according to the invention.
- Pinhole array in metal layer
- pinhole offset in cells determines viewing direction
- diameter of pinhole d determines acceptance angle ⁇
- Optical axes that can be generated in different ways (here due to the pitch difference of the microlens array and the pinhole array) towards the outside in order to achieve the (negative) enlarged image mean that a source in the object distribution only has one signal in a corresponding photosensitive Pixel returns when it is on or near the optical axis of the corresponding optical channel. If the source point moves away from the optical axis under consideration, the signal of the corresponding detector drops, but that in another, belonging to an adjacent optical channel, whose optical axis the source point is now approaching, may increase. In this way, an object distribution is represented by the signal strengths of the corresponding addressed detector pixels.
- This arrangement provides an image of the object with a much greater magnification than can be observed behind an individual microlens, with a significantly shorter overall length than classic lenses with comparable magnification.
- the inclination of the optical axes may vary as a function "of the radial coordinate of the considered cell in the array both to the outside (Fig. 1), ie from the optical axis of the array away, increase and inwardly, ie, toward the optical axis of the array
- the result is either an upright or an inverted overall image.
- the resolving power of the named invention is determined by the increment of the inclination of the optical axes, the sampling angle .DELTA..phi. And by the solid angle, which is taken from an optical channel as a pixel. is given, the so-called acceptance angle ⁇ .
- the acceptance angle ⁇ results from the folding of the point image washing function of the microlens for the given angle of incidence with the aperture of the pinhole or active area of the detector pixel and the focal length of the microlens.
- the maximum number of resolvable line pairs across the field of view is now exactly half the number of optical channels if their acceptance angle (FWHM) is not greater than the sampling angle (Nyquist criterion). However, if the acceptance angle is very large compared to the sampling angle, the number of optical channels no longer matters, but the period of resolvable line pairs is as large as the acceptance angle (FWHM).
- a sensible coordination of ⁇ and ⁇ is therefore essential.
- the detector array may be necessary to cover the detector array with a pinhole array. This increases the resolving power, but reduces the sensitivity / transmission of the arrangement due to the smaller detector area.
- RG different color pixels
- RG different color pixels
- pinhole diameters that are considered to be useful and are therefore aimed for are from 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 2 shows an arrangement similar to that shown in FIG. 1, but with lithographically produced partition walls between the individual cells. 2 mean:
- FIG. 3 shows a possible lithographic production variant of a system with light protection walls.
- the flat camera can ultimately be applied to the electronics as a thin polymer layer, which then also serves as a substrate.
- lenses There are many different types of lenses Technologies conceivable. Established technologies in micro-optics such as the reflow process (for round or elliptical lenses), molding of UV-curable polymer (UV reaction casting) or etching (RIE) can be used in glass. Spheres and aspheres as lenses are possible. Other variants of production can be embossing or printing on a plastic film. It is also conceivable to design it as a plastic, molded or injection-molded part or as a hot-stamped thin plastic plate into which the partition walls (“baffles”) can also be embedded.
- the lenses can be refractive, diffractive or refractive-diffractive (Hybrid)
- the system can, after spin-on of a polymer, possibly be stamped directly onto the electronics or otherwise molded.
- a 20 ⁇ m thick polymer layer 10 on the front of a 300 ⁇ m thick glass substrate 11 contains the necessary microlenses.
- a pinhole array 12 pitches slightly smaller than the microlens array in a metal layer. This arrangement provides an image of the object with a much greater magnification than can be observed behind an individual microlens, with a significantly shorter overall length than classic lenses with comparable magnification.
- the substrate thickness is set equal to the focal length of the microlenses, so that the pinhole array is located in the image plane of the microlens array.
- the lens diameter is 85 ⁇ m
- the size of the scanned image field is 60 ⁇ m x 60 ⁇ m
- the pitch of the optical channels is 90 ⁇ m.
- the field of vision for rotationally symmetrical lenses is due to the sensible NA of the lenses from 0.19 to 15 ° along the diagonal.
- the number of optical channels is 101 x 101, which corresponds to the number of pixels.
- the pinhole array required to cover the detector array consists of low / minimal transmission material. Metal coatings are particularly suitable for this. However, these have the disadvantage of high reflectivity, which leads to stray light within the
- ⁇ p a (1-N / (N-1)) with N as the number of cells in one dimension of the flat camera.
- FIG. 5 Elements (FIG. 5) or the arrangement of the lenses or the complete optical channels, that is to say including detectors, on a curved base surface (FIG. 6) appears to be a solution to enlarging the field of view with the same image field size and thus the enlargement to reduce the overall arrangement.
- the expansion of the field of view or reduction of the magnification by means of various methods described here and which can be combined with one another is an essential point of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 shows an image acquisition system according to the invention with a lens array composed of individual microlenses 14 and a detector array with individual detectors 15.
- the lens array is on a curved one Surface arranged.
- the optical axes 13 are fanned out, whereby an expansion of the field of view is achieved.
- FIG. 7 shows an image acquisition system according to the invention with a lens array with individual lenses 14 and a detector array with individual detectors 15 on a curved base.
- the focal lengths of the lenses can all be the same here.
- a diverging lens is also conceivable as the base surface, the resulting overall picture is then reversed.
- the optical isolation of the individual channels by means of suitable dividing walls for suppressing ghost images caused by crosstalk between adjacent channels is essential.
- FIG. 8 shows a side view of the image acquisition system according to the invention in planar execution with one pixel of suitable size per channel. It consists of a microlens array 18, a structure defining the distance from the image plane and optical isolation 19 of the channels for suppressing crosstalk in a monolithic plate 20 which is placed directly on the image sensor 21. Due to a somewhat smaller pitch of the pixels of the image sensor compared to that of the lens array, the relative position of the sensor pixel to the microlens differs in each channel, as a result of which the necessary variation of the viewing direction among the channels is achieved.
- the section shows the possible pixel position within the channel for a channel on the edge of the camera.
- FIG. 9 shows possibilities for using several pixels per channel; the sections in the image plane of a channel are shown in accordance with FIG. 8.
- Sub-PSF resolution ie group of very small pixels instead of the previously individual pixel
- megapixel sensor so-called megapixel sensor
- color filters in front of different pixels of a channel allow a color image. It must be taken into account here that different colors are recorded from different viewing directions, ie there is a different offset of the color pixels with respect to the microlens.
- 10 shows the integration of additional optical functions from channel to channel into the plane of the microlens arrays.
- 10a shows an integrated polarization filter or a grid serving the same purpose, while FIG. 10b shows an integrated color filter.
- 11 shows different variants for the geometrical arrangement of the optical channels in the array.
- 11a shows a Cartesian arrangement of the optical channels
- FIG. 11b a radially symmetrical arrangement of the optical channels
- FIG. 11c there is a hexagonal arrangement of the optical channels.
- Fig. 12 shows schematically an industrially relevant manufacturing technology via simultaneous front and back molding of the ultra-flat lens, for example by e.g. Hot stamping or UV reaction casting and subsequent casting with absorbent material.
- Lens arrays 22 (homogeneous, variable parameters, additional integrated functions (grating)) are molded on the front. Trench structures 23 are embossed as deeply as possible into the plate 24 or the film on the back. The result is transparent, weakly connected towers, which act as spacers for the sensitive microlenses up to their image plane. b) The spaces between the towers are filled with non-transparent (absorbed) material in order to achieve optical isolation 25 of the individual channels. c) The resulting lens plate or the film can be placed directly on the image sensor 26 (also on a wafer scale). Depending on the sensor array used, a highly precise lateral adjustment is necessary.
- FIG. 13 shows various forms of the transparent towers resulting from the embossing, so-called spacing structures.
- the tilt or the shape of the transparent volumes (spacing structures) may necessarily d) vary from channel to channel in order to be adapted to the inclination of the optical axis of the respective channel.
- the back is also potted here with absorbent material to produce the optical isolation of the channels.
- 14 shows a combination of the image acquisition system according to the invention with an upstream deflecting structure for changing the visual field (zoom).
- This can e.g. be a liquid lens with an electrically adjustable variable focal length, for a flexible, purely electro-optical zoom during camera operation.
- a fixable (one-time) adjustment of the field of view, regardless of the parameters of the camera chip itself, is to use a lens with a suitable focal length.
- the orientation of the image or the algebraic sign of the image scale determines whether concave or convex lenses are selected.
- the upstream lenses can also be designed as Fresnel lenses to reduce the overall length.
- the connection of a prism causes the corresponding adjustment of the viewing direction of the entire camera.
- the prism can also be designed as a frizz structure.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT05706929T ATE438259T1 (de) | 2004-01-20 | 2005-01-19 | Bilderfassungssystem und dessen verwendung |
| DE502005007772T DE502005007772D1 (de) | 2004-01-20 | 2005-01-19 | Bilderfassungssystem und dessen verwendung |
| EP05706929A EP1665779B8 (de) | 2004-01-20 | 2005-01-19 | Bilderfassungssystem und dessen verwendung |
| US10/581,943 US20070109438A1 (en) | 2004-01-20 | 2005-01-19 | Image recognition system and use thereof |
| JP2006548285A JP2007520743A (ja) | 2004-01-20 | 2005-01-19 | 画像認識システムおよびその利用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004003013A DE102004003013B3 (de) | 2004-01-20 | 2004-01-20 | Bilderfassungssystem und dessen Verwendung |
| DE102004003013.8 | 2004-01-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005069607A1 true WO2005069607A1 (de) | 2005-07-28 |
Family
ID=34530456
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2005/000495 Ceased WO2005069607A1 (de) | 2004-01-20 | 2005-01-19 | Bilderfassungssystem und dessen verwendung |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070109438A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1665779B8 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2007520743A (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE438259T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102004003013B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005069607A1 (de) |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006101733A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Wide angle camera with prism array |
| JP2007086068A (ja) * | 2005-09-19 | 2007-04-05 | Crf Soc Consortile Per Azioni | マイクロレンズマトリックスに連結された光検出器マトリックスを備える多機能光学センサ |
| WO2007082781A1 (de) * | 2006-01-23 | 2007-07-26 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Bilderfassungssystem und verfahren zur herstellung mindestens eines bilderfassungssystems |
| JP2008064903A (ja) * | 2006-09-06 | 2008-03-21 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 三次元構造物作製装置、センサー作製装置、及び三次元構造物作製方法 |
| EP1865713A3 (de) * | 2006-06-08 | 2009-04-08 | Funai Electric Co., Ltd. | Bildaufnahmesystem vom Typ eines Facettenauges |
| EP2062083A1 (de) * | 2006-08-30 | 2009-05-27 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Bilderfassungssystem für anwendungen in fahrzeugen |
| WO2009090217A1 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-07-23 | Axsionics Ag | Camera device for image acquisition of flat or nearly flat objects |
| US20090322856A1 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2009-12-31 | Jacques Duparre | Image recording system providing a panoramic view |
| EP2306230A1 (de) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-06 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Künstliches Facettenauge und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE102009049387A1 (de) | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-21 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung, Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur optischen Abbildung |
| US8717485B2 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2014-05-06 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Picture capturing apparatus and method using an image sensor, an optical element, and interpolation |
| US8792174B2 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2014-07-29 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung | Array of microlenses with integrated illumination |
| EP3701420B1 (de) | 2018-05-07 | 2021-04-14 | WaveTouch Limited | Kompakter optischer sensor zur fingerabdruckerkennung |
| DE102017000774B4 (de) | 2016-04-18 | 2021-08-12 | Kastriot Merlaku | Bild-Ausrichtungs-System für eine Digitalkamera |
| DE202021101693U1 (de) | 2021-03-30 | 2022-07-01 | Sick Ag | Optoelektronischer Sensor zur Erfassung eines Objekts |
| EP4067931A1 (de) | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-05 | Sick Ag | Optoelektronischer sensor und verfahren zur erfassung eines objekts |
| DE102007042984B4 (de) | 2007-09-10 | 2026-04-02 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung zur optischen Navigation |
Families Citing this family (96)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005016818B4 (de) * | 2005-04-07 | 2007-09-27 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Einrichtung zur optischen Verschlüsselung, Einrichtung zur optischen Entschlüsselung und Verschlüsselungs-/Entschlüsselungs-System |
| DE102005059363B4 (de) * | 2005-12-13 | 2007-08-16 | Leuze Electronic Gmbh & Co Kg | Optischer Sensor |
| DE102006011540A1 (de) * | 2006-02-12 | 2007-08-23 | Samland, Thomas, Dipl.-Math. | Abtasteinheit für eine Positionsmesseinrichtung zur Detektion von optischen Maßverkörperungen sowie entsprechende Positionsmesseinrichtung |
| DE102006007764A1 (de) | 2006-02-20 | 2007-08-23 | Sick Ag | Optoelektronische Vorrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Betrieb |
| US7554743B2 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2009-06-30 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Variable-focus lens assembly |
| JP4172512B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-10-29 | 船井電機株式会社 | パノラマ撮像装置 |
| DE102006060062A1 (de) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-07-03 | Sick Ag | Objektfeststellungssensor |
| DE102007008756A1 (de) | 2007-02-22 | 2008-08-28 | Siemens Ag | Messkopf für ein Endoskop und Endoskop |
| US20100282316A1 (en) * | 2007-04-02 | 2010-11-11 | Solaria Corporation | Solar Cell Concentrator Structure Including A Plurality of Glass Concentrator Elements With A Notch Design |
| US7672058B2 (en) * | 2007-09-17 | 2010-03-02 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Compound eye |
| US9635253B2 (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2017-04-25 | Duke University | Multiscale telescopic imaging system |
| US8259212B2 (en) * | 2009-01-05 | 2012-09-04 | Applied Quantum Technologies, Inc. | Multiscale optical system |
| US9432591B2 (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2016-08-30 | Duke University | Multiscale optical system having dynamic camera settings |
| US10725280B2 (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2020-07-28 | Duke University | Multiscale telescopic imaging system |
| US8830377B2 (en) | 2010-01-04 | 2014-09-09 | Duke University | Monocentric lens-based multi-scale optical systems and methods of use |
| US9395617B2 (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2016-07-19 | Applied Quantum Technologies, Inc. | Panoramic multi-scale imager and method therefor |
| US9494771B2 (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2016-11-15 | Duke University | Quasi-monocentric-lens-based multi-scale optical system |
| US8300108B2 (en) | 2009-02-02 | 2012-10-30 | L-3 Communications Cincinnati Electronics Corporation | Multi-channel imaging devices comprising unit cells |
| KR100998017B1 (ko) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-12-03 | 삼성엘이디 주식회사 | 발광소자 패키지용 렌즈 및 이를 구비하는 발광소자 패키지 |
| US20150077627A1 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2015-03-19 | Gary Edwin Sutton | Curved sensor formed from silicon fibers |
| US20100286476A1 (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2010-11-11 | Hongrui Jiang | Endoscope With Tunable-Focus Microlens |
| JP5621615B2 (ja) * | 2011-01-21 | 2014-11-12 | 株式会社リコー | 撮像装置 |
| JP2012198191A (ja) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-10-18 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 遠赤外線検出装置 |
| DE102011052802B4 (de) * | 2011-08-18 | 2014-03-13 | Sick Ag | 3D-Kamera und Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Raumbereichs |
| JP2013044885A (ja) * | 2011-08-23 | 2013-03-04 | Hitachi High-Technologies Corp | 拡大系イメージング装置及びイメージセンサ |
| US20130070140A1 (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-03-21 | Robert Gove | Image sensors with multiple lenses of varying polarizations |
| DE102012215408A1 (de) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Fahrzeugvermessung |
| US9389342B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2016-07-12 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Variable focus lens system |
| US9880391B2 (en) * | 2013-10-01 | 2018-01-30 | Heptagon Micro Optics Pte. Ltd. | Lens array modules and wafer-level techniques for fabricating the same |
| US20150153156A1 (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-06-04 | Mvm Electronics, Inc. | High spatial and spectral resolution snapshot imaging spectrometers using oblique dispersion |
| US10296098B2 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2019-05-21 | Mirama Service Inc. | Input/output device, input/output program, and input/output method |
| US10732771B2 (en) | 2014-11-12 | 2020-08-04 | Shenzhen GOODIX Technology Co., Ltd. | Fingerprint sensors having in-pixel optical sensors |
| EP3029494A1 (de) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-06-08 | Sick Ag | Optoelektronischer Sensor |
| US10410033B2 (en) | 2015-06-18 | 2019-09-10 | Shenzhen GOODIX Technology Co., Ltd. | Under-LCD screen optical sensor module for on-screen fingerprint sensing |
| EP3278272B1 (de) | 2015-06-18 | 2020-12-09 | Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co., Ltd. | Multifunktionsfingerabdrucksensor mit optischer abtastfähigkeit |
| US10410037B2 (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2019-09-10 | Shenzhen GOODIX Technology Co., Ltd. | Under-screen optical sensor module for on-screen fingerprint sensing implementing imaging lens, extra illumination or optical collimator array |
| CN107004130B (zh) * | 2015-06-18 | 2020-08-28 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | 用于屏幕上指纹感应的屏幕下光学传感器模块 |
| US10437974B2 (en) | 2015-06-18 | 2019-10-08 | Shenzhen GOODIX Technology Co., Ltd. | Optical sensing performance of under-screen optical sensor module for on-screen fingerprint sensing |
| WO2017076292A1 (en) | 2015-11-02 | 2017-05-11 | Shenzhen Huiding Technology Co., Ltd. | Multifunction fingerprint sensor having optical sensing against fingerprint spoofing |
| JP6703387B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-02 | 2020-06-03 | エルジー ディスプレイ カンパニー リミテッド | 薄膜光センサ、2次元アレイセンサ、および指紋センサ付きモバイル用ディスプレイ |
| WO2016177914A1 (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-11-10 | Fotonation Limited | Image acquisition system |
| JP6724371B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-12 | 2020-07-15 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 撮像モジュール、撮像装置 |
| US10108841B2 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-10-23 | Synaptics Incorporated | Biometric sensor with diverging optical element |
| JP2017204578A (ja) * | 2016-05-12 | 2017-11-16 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 固体撮像素子およびその製造方法 |
| KR102624789B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-27 | 2024-01-16 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 생체 센서 및 생체 센서를 포함하는 전자 장치 |
| US20180012069A1 (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-01-11 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Fingerprint sensor, fingerprint sensor package, and fingerprint sensing system using light sources of display panel |
| EP3485342B1 (de) * | 2016-07-18 | 2021-02-17 | Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co., Ltd. | Optischer fingerabdrucksensor mit kraftmessfähigkeit |
| US10270947B2 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2019-04-23 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Flat digital image sensor |
| US11099304B2 (en) | 2016-12-05 | 2021-08-24 | Photonic Sensors & Algorithms, S.L. | Microlens array |
| WO2018127101A1 (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-12 | Shenzhen GOODIX Technology Co., Ltd. | Improving optical sensing performance of under-screen optical sensor module for on-screen fingerprint sensing |
| US10614283B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 | 2020-04-07 | Shenzhen GOODIX Technology Co., Ltd. | Devices with peripheral task bar display zone and under-LCD screen optical sensor module for on-screen fingerprint sensing |
| CN107260121B (zh) * | 2017-06-14 | 2023-11-21 | 苏州四海通仪器有限公司 | 一种复眼眼底相机 |
| US10680121B2 (en) | 2017-06-15 | 2020-06-09 | Egis Technology Inc. | Optical fingerprint sensor and manufacturing method of sensing module thereof |
| DE102017113554A1 (de) | 2017-06-20 | 2018-12-20 | HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundes aus einem Display und einer auf das Display aufgebrachten Optik |
| US10613256B2 (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2020-04-07 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Biometric device |
| JP6963295B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-01 | 2021-11-05 | 学校法人東京電機大学 | 3次元情報取得装置 |
| US10930709B2 (en) | 2017-10-03 | 2021-02-23 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Stacked transparent pixel structures for image sensors |
| US10510812B2 (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2019-12-17 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Display-integrated infrared emitter and sensor structures |
| DE102017130298A1 (de) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-19 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Messen von Bilddaten |
| SE1751613A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-22 | Fingerprint Cards Ab | Biometric imaging device and method for manufacturing the biometric imaging device |
| US10838250B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2020-11-17 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Display assemblies with electronically emulated transparency |
| US10979699B2 (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2021-04-13 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Plenoptic cellular imaging system |
| US11616941B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2023-03-28 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Direct camera-to-display system |
| US10594951B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2020-03-17 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Distributed multi-aperture camera array |
| US10690910B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2020-06-23 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Plenoptic cellular vision correction |
| US10652529B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2020-05-12 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | In-layer Signal processing |
| US10951883B2 (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2021-03-16 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Distributed multi-screen array for high density display |
| US10216975B1 (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2019-02-26 | Shenzhen GOODIX Technology Co., Ltd. | Optical imaging via imaging lens and imaging pinhole in under-screen optical sensor module for on-screen fingerprint sensing in devices having organic light emitting diode (OLED) screens or other screens |
| US10303921B1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-05-28 | Shenzhen GOODIX Technology Co., Ltd. | On-LCD screen optical fingerprint sensing based on optical imaging with lens-pinhole module and other optical designs |
| WO2019177513A1 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2019-09-19 | Fingerprint Cards Ab | Biometric imaging device and method for manufacturing a biometric imaging device |
| CN110175492B (zh) | 2018-07-20 | 2022-03-01 | 神盾股份有限公司 | 光学指纹感测装置 |
| WO2020035768A1 (en) | 2018-08-15 | 2020-02-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Optical element including microlens array |
| US10733413B2 (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2020-08-04 | Fingerprint Cards Ab | Optical in-display fingerprint sensor and method for manufacturing such a sensor |
| US11333748B2 (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2022-05-17 | Waymo Llc | Array of light detectors with corresponding array of optical elements |
| US10866413B2 (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2020-12-15 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Eccentric incident luminance pupil tracking |
| CN109459741B (zh) * | 2018-12-07 | 2024-06-07 | 南京先进激光技术研究院 | 一种用于激光雷达系统的测量调试装置 |
| US11308309B2 (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2022-04-19 | Synaptics Incorporated | Fingerprint sensor having an increased sensing area |
| US10698201B1 (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2020-06-30 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Plenoptic cellular axis redirection |
| US10641897B1 (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-05-05 | Aeye, Inc. | Ladar system and method with adaptive pulse duration |
| US11709121B2 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2023-07-25 | Spraying Systems Co. | Machine learning-based particle-laden flow field characterization |
| KR20210138184A (ko) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-11-19 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 지문 센서, 및 그를 포함한 표시 장치 |
| CN113706398B (zh) * | 2020-05-22 | 2024-08-20 | 西北工业大学 | 在运动场景下生成高动态图像的装置及方法 |
| DE102020207302A1 (de) | 2020-06-10 | 2021-12-16 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Aufnahme eines projizierten Punktmusters in einer Anzeigevorrichtung |
| EP3922167A1 (de) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-12-15 | Optotune AG | Kamera und verfahren zum betrieb einer kamera |
| US12434172B2 (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2025-10-07 | The Usa, As Represented By The Secretary, Dept. Of Health And Human Services | Methods and systems for managing fluid flow in containers |
| JP2022091358A (ja) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-06-21 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 撮像装置および電子機器 |
| CN112839149B (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-05-06 | 光沦科技(深圳)有限公司 | 异构微光学成像模块及其图像重建方法和装置 |
| CN114706088A (zh) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-07-05 | 神盾股份有限公司 | 光学感测装置 |
| DE112022005964T5 (de) | 2021-12-14 | 2024-10-02 | Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation | Lichtempfangende vorrichtung und elektronische vorrichtung |
| US12510699B2 (en) | 2022-03-03 | 2025-12-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Optical construction |
| US12484326B2 (en) * | 2022-09-11 | 2025-11-25 | Apple Inc. | Imaging array with directional response |
| DE102022127905A1 (de) | 2022-10-21 | 2024-05-02 | FEV Group GmbH | Mikrolinsenarray für einen bildprojektor |
| CN116500710B (zh) * | 2023-04-28 | 2025-09-09 | 电子科技大学 | 基于干涉臂组的微透镜阵列、成像系统及图像重建方法 |
| CN119165624B (zh) * | 2024-10-14 | 2025-09-23 | 北京理工大学 | 一种多孔径龙虾眼光学系统 |
| CN119575600B (zh) * | 2024-11-27 | 2026-04-07 | 吉林大学 | 一种大视场角的微型相机及其制备方法 |
| CN120315076B (zh) * | 2025-04-30 | 2026-04-07 | 深圳市闪妙科技有限公司 | 光学系统以及激光雷达 |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1507809A (en) * | 1975-10-19 | 1978-04-19 | Yeda Res & Dev | Optical apparatus |
| WO1997021301A2 (de) * | 1995-12-06 | 1997-06-12 | Deutsche Telekom Ag | Bildaufnahmeeinrichtung |
| EP0825764A2 (de) * | 1996-08-19 | 1998-02-25 | Eastman Kodak Company | Kompakte Bildaufnahmevorrichtung |
| WO1999026419A1 (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 1999-05-27 | Tangen Reidar E | Optoelectronic camera and method for image formatting in the same |
| DE19917890A1 (de) * | 1999-04-20 | 2000-11-30 | Siemens Ag | Flachbauendes Bilderfassungssystem |
| DE10051763A1 (de) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-05-08 | Tst Touchless Sensor Technolog | Kamera zur Aufzeichnung von Instrumenten im Cockpit eines Flugzeuges |
Family Cites Families (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4175844A (en) * | 1975-10-19 | 1979-11-27 | Yeda Research & Development Co. Ltd. | Optical imaging system |
| JPH0265386A (ja) * | 1988-08-31 | 1990-03-06 | Konica Corp | 固体撮像素子 |
| JP2566087B2 (ja) * | 1992-01-27 | 1996-12-25 | 株式会社東芝 | 有色マイクロレンズアレイ及びその製造方法 |
| JP3170847B2 (ja) * | 1992-02-14 | 2001-05-28 | キヤノン株式会社 | 固体撮像素子及びそれを用いた光学機器 |
| JP2742185B2 (ja) * | 1992-10-01 | 1998-04-22 | 松下電子工業株式会社 | 固体撮像装置 |
| JPH06133229A (ja) * | 1992-10-16 | 1994-05-13 | Fuji Photo Optical Co Ltd | マイクロレンズを有する固体撮像素子 |
| JPH0750401A (ja) * | 1993-08-06 | 1995-02-21 | Sony Corp | 固体撮像素子及びその製造方法 |
| US5521725A (en) * | 1993-11-05 | 1996-05-28 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Illumination system employing an array of microprisms |
| JPH07225303A (ja) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-08-22 | Sharp Corp | マイクロレンズ基板及びそれを用いた液晶表示素子ならびに液晶プロジェクタ装置 |
| US5751492A (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 1998-05-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Diffractive/Refractive lenslet array incorporating a second aspheric surface |
| US6137535A (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 2000-10-24 | Eastman Kodak Company | Compact digital camera with segmented fields of view |
| JP3462736B2 (ja) * | 1997-11-17 | 2003-11-05 | ペンタックス株式会社 | 固体撮像素子 |
| JP3209180B2 (ja) * | 1998-05-26 | 2001-09-17 | 日本電気株式会社 | 固体撮像装置の製造方法 |
| FR2782843B1 (fr) * | 1998-08-25 | 2000-09-29 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede d'isolation physique de regions d'une plaque de substrat |
| JP2000271940A (ja) * | 1999-03-23 | 2000-10-03 | Canon Inc | マイクロレンズまたはマイクロレンズ金型の作製方法、それに用いるマイクロレンズ用またはマイクロレンズ金型用基板 |
| JP3821614B2 (ja) * | 1999-08-20 | 2006-09-13 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | 画像入力装置 |
| US7027719B1 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2006-04-11 | Raytheon Company | Catastrophic event-survivable video recorder system |
| JP3571982B2 (ja) * | 2000-01-27 | 2004-09-29 | キヤノン株式会社 | 固体撮像装置及びそれを備えた固体撮像システム |
| US6995800B2 (en) * | 2000-01-27 | 2006-02-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image pickup apparatus utilizing a plurality of converging lenses |
| JP3684147B2 (ja) * | 2000-10-10 | 2005-08-17 | キヤノン株式会社 | マイクロ構造体アレイ、及びその作製方法 |
| EP1202080A3 (de) * | 2000-10-31 | 2004-01-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Beidseitige Mikrolinsenanordnung |
| US7351945B2 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2008-04-01 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Alignment among elements in an image sensor |
| JP3839271B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-01 | 2006-11-01 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | 固体撮像装置及びその製造方法 |
| US6987258B2 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2006-01-17 | Intel Corporation | Integrated circuit-based compound eye image sensor using a light pipe bundle |
| JP4004302B2 (ja) * | 2002-02-07 | 2007-11-07 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 撮像素子 |
| US7196728B2 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2007-03-27 | Ericsson, Inc. | Method and apparatus for displaying images in combination with taking images |
| US20030214898A1 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2003-11-20 | Tetsuya Ogata | Optical pickup device and optical disk drive using the same |
| US6783900B2 (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2004-08-31 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Color filter imaging array and method of formation |
| CZ2005209A3 (cs) * | 2002-09-10 | 2005-12-14 | Ivi Smart Technologies, Inc. | Bezpečné biometrické ověření identity |
| WO2004027875A1 (ja) * | 2002-09-20 | 2004-04-01 | Sony Corporation | 固体撮像装置及びその製造方法 |
| JP4171786B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-25 | 2008-10-29 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 画像入力装置 |
| US7113336B2 (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2006-09-26 | Ian Crosby | Microlens including wire-grid polarizer and methods of manufacture |
| US7274808B2 (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2007-09-25 | Avago Technologies Ecbu Ip (Singapore)Pte Ltd | Imaging system and apparatus for combining finger recognition and finger navigation |
| JP2004333640A (ja) * | 2003-05-01 | 2004-11-25 | Olympus Corp | 可変光学素子、光学ユニット及び撮像装置 |
| KR20060059873A (ko) * | 2003-08-22 | 2006-06-02 | 코니카 미놀타 옵토 인코포레이티드 | 고체 촬상 장치 및 상기 고체 촬상 장치를 구비한 촬상장치 및 고체 촬상 장치의 마이크로렌즈 어레이 제조 방법 |
-
2004
- 2004-01-20 DE DE102004003013A patent/DE102004003013B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-01-19 EP EP05706929A patent/EP1665779B8/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-01-19 JP JP2006548285A patent/JP2007520743A/ja active Pending
- 2005-01-19 AT AT05706929T patent/ATE438259T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-01-19 US US10/581,943 patent/US20070109438A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-01-19 WO PCT/EP2005/000495 patent/WO2005069607A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2005-01-19 DE DE502005007772T patent/DE502005007772D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1507809A (en) * | 1975-10-19 | 1978-04-19 | Yeda Res & Dev | Optical apparatus |
| WO1997021301A2 (de) * | 1995-12-06 | 1997-06-12 | Deutsche Telekom Ag | Bildaufnahmeeinrichtung |
| EP0825764A2 (de) * | 1996-08-19 | 1998-02-25 | Eastman Kodak Company | Kompakte Bildaufnahmevorrichtung |
| WO1999026419A1 (en) * | 1997-11-14 | 1999-05-27 | Tangen Reidar E | Optoelectronic camera and method for image formatting in the same |
| DE19917890A1 (de) * | 1999-04-20 | 2000-11-30 | Siemens Ag | Flachbauendes Bilderfassungssystem |
| DE10051763A1 (de) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-05-08 | Tst Touchless Sensor Technolog | Kamera zur Aufzeichnung von Instrumenten im Cockpit eines Flugzeuges |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| VOLKEL R ET AL: "Miniaturized imaging systems", MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING, ELSEVIER PUBLISHERS BV., AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 1667-68, June 2003 (2003-06-01), pages 461 - 472, XP004428906, ISSN: 0167-9317 * |
Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006101733A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Wide angle camera with prism array |
| JP2007086068A (ja) * | 2005-09-19 | 2007-04-05 | Crf Soc Consortile Per Azioni | マイクロレンズマトリックスに連結された光検出器マトリックスを備える多機能光学センサ |
| US7897903B2 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2011-03-01 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Image detection system of optical channels arranged next to one another |
| WO2007082781A1 (de) * | 2006-01-23 | 2007-07-26 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Bilderfassungssystem und verfahren zur herstellung mindestens eines bilderfassungssystems |
| DE102006004802A1 (de) * | 2006-01-23 | 2007-08-02 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Bilderfassungssystem und Verfahren zur Herstellung mindestens eines Bilderfassungssystems |
| DE102006004802B4 (de) * | 2006-01-23 | 2008-09-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Bilderfassungssystem und Verfahren zur Herstellung mindestens eines Bilderfassungssystems |
| US20090322856A1 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2009-12-31 | Jacques Duparre | Image recording system providing a panoramic view |
| US8675043B2 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2014-03-18 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Image recording system providing a panoramic view |
| EP1865713A3 (de) * | 2006-06-08 | 2009-04-08 | Funai Electric Co., Ltd. | Bildaufnahmesystem vom Typ eines Facettenauges |
| EP2062083A1 (de) * | 2006-08-30 | 2009-05-27 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Bilderfassungssystem für anwendungen in fahrzeugen |
| JP2008064903A (ja) * | 2006-09-06 | 2008-03-21 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 三次元構造物作製装置、センサー作製装置、及び三次元構造物作製方法 |
| DE102007042984B4 (de) | 2007-09-10 | 2026-04-02 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung zur optischen Navigation |
| US8792174B2 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2014-07-29 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung | Array of microlenses with integrated illumination |
| WO2009090217A1 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-07-23 | Axsionics Ag | Camera device for image acquisition of flat or nearly flat objects |
| EP2306230A1 (de) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-06 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Künstliches Facettenauge und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE102009049387A1 (de) | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-21 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung, Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur optischen Abbildung |
| DE102009049387B4 (de) * | 2009-10-14 | 2016-05-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung, Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur optischen Abbildung |
| US8629930B2 (en) | 2009-10-14 | 2014-01-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Device, image processing device and method for optical imaging |
| US8717485B2 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2014-05-06 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Picture capturing apparatus and method using an image sensor, an optical element, and interpolation |
| DE102017000774B4 (de) | 2016-04-18 | 2021-08-12 | Kastriot Merlaku | Bild-Ausrichtungs-System für eine Digitalkamera |
| EP3701420B1 (de) | 2018-05-07 | 2021-04-14 | WaveTouch Limited | Kompakter optischer sensor zur fingerabdruckerkennung |
| DE202021101693U1 (de) | 2021-03-30 | 2022-07-01 | Sick Ag | Optoelektronischer Sensor zur Erfassung eines Objekts |
| EP4067931A1 (de) | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-05 | Sick Ag | Optoelektronischer sensor und verfahren zur erfassung eines objekts |
| DE102021108096A1 (de) | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-06 | Sick Ag | Optoelektronischer Sensor und Verfahren zur Erfassung eines Objekts |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007520743A (ja) | 2007-07-26 |
| DE102004003013B3 (de) | 2005-06-02 |
| EP1665779B1 (de) | 2009-07-29 |
| ATE438259T1 (de) | 2009-08-15 |
| DE502005007772D1 (de) | 2009-09-10 |
| US20070109438A1 (en) | 2007-05-17 |
| EP1665779A1 (de) | 2006-06-07 |
| EP1665779B8 (de) | 2009-12-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP1665779B8 (de) | Bilderfassungssystem und dessen verwendung | |
| EP2429176B1 (de) | Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung | |
| DE102006004802B4 (de) | Bilderfassungssystem und Verfahren zur Herstellung mindestens eines Bilderfassungssystems | |
| Cheng et al. | Review of state-of-the-art artificial compound eye imaging systems | |
| JP4939419B2 (ja) | 透明窓を有するセキュリティドキュメント | |
| DE69703461T2 (de) | Chipkartenleser mit Anzeigevorrichtung | |
| EP2011331B1 (de) | Bilderfassungssystem zur rundumsicht | |
| WO2017029372A1 (de) | Multiaperturabbildungsvorrichtung mit optiksubstrat | |
| DE19755565A1 (de) | Linsenanordnungssystem | |
| WO2010081652A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur optischen navigation | |
| EP2627517A2 (de) | Verfahren zum herstellen eines sicherheitsdokuments mit einem betrachtungswinkelabhängigen sicherheitsmerkmal sowie sicherheitsdokument | |
| DE102017218722A1 (de) | Umfelderfassungssystem zum Erfassen eines Umfelds eines Fahrzeugs und Verfahren zum Erfassen eines Umfelds eines Fahrzeugs | |
| DE102017011352B4 (de) | Kameramoduleinheit für Digitalaufnahmen | |
| WO2000064146A2 (de) | Flachbauendes bilderfassungssystem | |
| DE102011017355B4 (de) | Multifokales Abbildungssystem mit optischen Filtern | |
| WO2020052796A1 (de) | Sicherheitsdokument und verfahren zur herstellung eines sicherheitsdokuments | |
| US20240089579A1 (en) | Optical system with localized magnification | |
| CN212460096U (zh) | 一种基于微光学的动态编码防伪结构 | |
| DE10001090C2 (de) | Miniaturisiertes optisches Abbildungssystem | |
| WO2021094314A1 (de) | Objektiv, verwendung eines objektivs und messsystem | |
| DE102020207302A1 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Aufnahme eines projizierten Punktmusters in einer Anzeigevorrichtung | |
| DE102005016818B4 (de) | Einrichtung zur optischen Verschlüsselung, Einrichtung zur optischen Entschlüsselung und Verschlüsselungs-/Entschlüsselungs-System | |
| DE202024105886U1 (de) | Bildsensoranordnung |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
| AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005706929 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006548285 Country of ref document: JP |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2005706929 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Country of ref document: DE |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007109438 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 10581943 Country of ref document: US |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10581943 Country of ref document: US |