WO2006067005A1 - Dispositif et procede pour influer sur la lumiere incidente sur un capteur d'images - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede pour influer sur la lumiere incidente sur un capteur d'images Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006067005A1
WO2006067005A1 PCT/EP2005/056067 EP2005056067W WO2006067005A1 WO 2006067005 A1 WO2006067005 A1 WO 2006067005A1 EP 2005056067 W EP2005056067 W EP 2005056067W WO 2006067005 A1 WO2006067005 A1 WO 2006067005A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image sensor
image
camera
cells
lens
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2005/056067
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marc Giordani
Eladio Lopez
Dominique Marchal
Vincent Thominet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2006067005A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006067005A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J3/00—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles
    • B60J3/04—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles adjustable in transparency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/005—Diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/75—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing optical camera components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for influencing the light incident on an image sensor, in particular in conjunction with a camera system for motor vehicles.
  • the cameras used in the above applications typically include a lens and an image sensor and, as stated above, must be able to produce an image more adequate for the application To deliver quality under all conditions essential for the application. In particular, this also applies to glare or serious disturbances in the image, for example by direct view of the camera in the sun, glare from oncoming vehicles or reflections of vehicle lights on wet roads, etc. Characteristic of these situations is that the entire image or a
  • Cover exposure range to avoid saturation of the pixels of the image sensor and to prevent interference of adjacent pixels.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic flow diagram for controlling a variable light transmission element in conjunction with a camera system.
  • FIG. 2 to 6 different embodiments for the installation of a variable light transmission element are shown.
  • Figures 7 to 10 show various embodiments regarding the design of the element's controllable cell allocation and sensor areas (e.g., pixels) of the element
  • Translucency depending on an applied control signal are also known in the form of arrays consisting of several individually controllable cells.
  • LCD elements electrochromic elements (ECD) or suspended particles (SPD), which are defined when voltage is applied, are used.
  • ECD electrochromic elements
  • SPD suspended particles
  • variable light transmissive cells which constitute a set of individual variable light transmissive cells, at one or more selected locations suitable for achieving the camera's anti-glare protection, are placed in the optical Path introduced in front of the image sensor.
  • the position and the size of the cells or the cell arrays is determined in such a way that the entire image area or the image area required for the corresponding application is covered.
  • the element with variable light transmission is designed such that each pixel of the image sensor is associated with one or more cells of the controllable element with variable light transmission.
  • a cell is associated with multiple pixels, with multiple cells needed for the entire relevant image.
  • the translucency of the elements is dynamically adjusted, i. reduced if necessary to have no or only a few pixels of the image sensor that are in or near saturation.
  • the light transmittance may be continuous or only incrementally between a maximum and a minimum
  • Permeability level can be varied. For elements that can only assume two states, intermediate states, i. Conditions with a light transmission between the two extreme values realized by an arrangement of smaller cells is used. The number of cells in one or the other state results in the intermediate values for the
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a block diagram with a flow chart, on which the basic procedure is illustrated.
  • FIG. 1 shows the sensor 10 of a camera system as well as the optical light incidence path 12.
  • an element 14 is provided which consists of at least one cell with controllable light transmission. This element 14 is inserted in the optical path 12 between the scene taken by the sensor and the sensor itself.
  • the sensor is in the preferred embodiment part of a camera system for use in motor vehicles.
  • the automatic control of the element 14 is carried out by a
  • Control system 16 This consists essentially of the modules Image Capture 18, Image Analysis 20 and Control 22.
  • the process performed in the control system 16 is as follows.
  • the image acquisition module 18 supplies image data of the sensor to the image analysis module 20 at a selected data rate, or in a predetermined image clock cycle. The maximum rate or the maximum clock depends on the used
  • the image analysis module 20 includes an algorithm that computes a desired light transmittance of the corresponding controllable cell (s) for the acquired image transmitted by the acquisition module 18 or for subregions of the image associated with a corresponding cell or cells of the element 14 , This is preferably done by having a
  • Gray value distribution of the image or of partial areas of the image is determined. Thereupon, the center of gravity (or mean value) of this gray value distribution is determined and compared with a predetermined desired value. The deviation of the gray scale centroid from the desired value is then e.g. by means of a table in which the deviation is assigned to a value, into a control value for
  • Actuation of the corresponding cell (s) of the element 14 implemented.
  • the desired value of the gray value distribution can also be dependent on the time of day and / or the global light conditions. It must also be considered that a certain amount of time elapses in the element 14 to achieve the desired light transmission values. This time constant, which depends mainly on the technology used for the element 14, is to be considered in the design of the control circuit shown in FIG. For color images, proceed according to the procedure described above.
  • control value determined from the described manner in the case of an element 14 consisting of several controllable cells, together with a value for the cells to be controlled (for example coordinate values), is fed to the control module 22. This converts the supplied value into corresponding drive signals for the affected cell (s).
  • the element 14 consists of one or several, individually controllable cells with variable light transmission. Depending on the design, these cells are arranged, for example, in a rectangular array, ie in a matrix with identical or different rectangular cells, or in a type of honeycomb array, ie a matrix of identical hexagonal cells. The arrangement of the cells takes place in such a way that the selected areas of the image or the image sensor are covered, in particular an assignment of cells to one or more pixels of the image sensor. Another division of the cell array of the element 14 is also possible.
  • Figures 2 to 6 show various configurations of an image acquisition system in a motor vehicle using a camera and an element of controllable light transmission consisting of one or more cells.
  • Element 14 is not part of the camera arrangement, and a second, in which the element 14 is part of the camera arrangement itself.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment. Shown is a windshield 24. Behind this windshield 24, a camera 26 is arranged, which essentially comprises a diaphragm 28, a lens 30 and an image sensor 32. Light 34 falls through the windshield 24 onto the camera aperture 28 and is imaged on the image sensor 32 in the camera via an objective 30.
  • the image sensor 32 such as a CMOS image sensor, has a plurality of pixels that are excited by the incident light to produce image information. The image acquired in this way is then further processed as shown in FIG.
  • a controllable element 36 is provided, which consists of one or more controllable cells. These cells are individually controlled and change their light transmission when activated.
  • the light transmitting element 36 is disposed inside the camera 26 in a plane immediately in front of the image sensor mounted at a focal point of the lens 30.
  • the variable light transmittance element is configured such that the light incident on each pixel of the image sensor can be affected by the corresponding upstream cell of the controllable light transmittance element. In the event that the cell boundaries of the element do not correspond exactly to the boundaries of the pixels, the light striking a pixel is affected by several associated cells.
  • FIGS. 8 to 10 show exemplary embodiments for the assignment of the cells of FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows a configuration in which the dimensions of the cells 36a of the variable light transmittance element (VLT cells) are identical to those of FIGS Sensor pixels 32a are. This results in a 1: 1 assignment of the cells to the pixels, which allows to control the incident light individually for each pixel.
  • VLT cells variable light transmittance element
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the VLT cell dimensions are larger than those of the sensor pixels.
  • I n assignment of the cells 36a (gray, white) to the pixels 32a. This controls the incident light for a cluster of neighboring pixels.
  • each VLT cell 36a (gray, white, dashed) allows controlling the incident light for a particular area of the sensor corresponding to a variable cluster of adjacent pixels 32a.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment for the arrangement of the element with controllable light transmission.
  • this element is still part of the camera assembly and is installed in the beam path.
  • Figure 3 shows the incident light 34, which falls over the windshield 24 of the vehicle on the aperture 28 of the camera 26. There, the light is focused on the objective 30 and imaged on the image sensor 32 via an additional lens 38.
  • VLT element 36 is arranged in the focal plane of the objective 30 and the lens 38.
  • the additional lens 38 serves to construct an intermediate image of the image sensor plane in the focal plane of the camera lens.
  • the arrangement of the VLT element 36 in this place has the advantage over the arrangement in Figure 2 of a higher expediency, in particular of a favorable construction. In this case, the same functionality as described in the embodiment of Figure 2 is achieved.
  • VLT element 36 is arranged in the region of the aperture of the camera 26, preferably applied to the diaphragm (outside or inside). This makes it possible to modify the Lihttransmission locally in each point of the aperture. This affects the amount of light that reaches each sensor pixel. In this embodiment, by means of a single VLT cell covering the entire aperture and thus achieving control of the global exposure of the sensor.
  • VLT cells are used to achieve variable aperture transmittance (so-called apodization, ie, enhancement of the resolving power of an optical layer through an absorbing layer in the entrance aperture). This allows a corresponding spatial filter effect to achieve, for example, improvements in image contrast.
  • Element 36 is not in the image, i. Sensor level or an optical conjugate plane is arranged.
  • FIG. 5 Another embodiment for mounting the VLT element is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the VLT element 36 is mounted on the inside of the windshield 24 of the vehicle, e.g. glued.
  • the other elements correspond to the elements which have already been described with reference to FIG.
  • the camera is arranged, for example, behind the rearview mirror on the windshield.
  • the camera is behind another pane of the vehicle, e.g. Rear window, side window, etc.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment in which the VLT element 36 in the windshield 24 of the motor vehicle (or in another disc of
  • FIG. 7 clarifies this. It shows an incident light beam 45 which is attenuated by a selected VLT cell 47 of the VLT element 36 which is mounted on the windshield 24. This light beam is imaged on the sensor 32 via the lens 30 of the camera. The associated pixel 49 detects less light according to the attenuation, but neighboring pixels are affected by the overlap of
  • the camera within a headlight or a tail light, for example, behind the outer lens, installed.
  • the VLT element is integrated on the inside of the lens or in the lens itself. This configuration is analogous to that discussed above with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • VLT element As possible technologies for the VLT element will depend on the design and
  • ECD electrochromic elements
  • SPD Suspended Partical Devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)
  • Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé pour influer sur la lumière incidente sur un capteur d'images (10), en particulier dans un véhicule. Selon l'invention, il est fait appel à une caméra et à un élément régulable (14) constitué d'au moins une cellule à transmission lumineuse variable régulable. Cet élément (14) est régulé de sorte que les zones surexposées de l'image sont atténuées.
PCT/EP2005/056067 2004-12-20 2005-11-18 Dispositif et procede pour influer sur la lumiere incidente sur un capteur d'images Ceased WO2006067005A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004061334A DE102004061334A1 (de) 2004-12-20 2004-12-20 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Beeinflussung des auf einen Bildsensor auftreffenden Lichts
DE102004061334.6 2004-12-20

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006067005A1 true WO2006067005A1 (fr) 2006-06-29

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PCT/EP2005/056067 Ceased WO2006067005A1 (fr) 2004-12-20 2005-11-18 Dispositif et procede pour influer sur la lumiere incidente sur un capteur d'images

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DE (1) DE102004061334A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006067005A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009086970A1 (fr) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé et dispositif de saisie d'images pour véhicules à moteur
GB2577793A (en) * 2018-08-17 2020-04-08 Motherson Innovations Co Ltd Image acquisition device for driver assistance system, driver assistance system, and method for operating an image acquisition device
CN112351211A (zh) * 2019-08-08 2021-02-09 北京地平线机器人技术研发有限公司 调整摄像装置入射光的方法和装置、系统、介质和设备

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006060604A1 (de) * 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co. Kg Photoelektrische Sensoreinrichtung
DE102011083137A1 (de) * 2011-09-21 2013-03-21 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Optischer Detektor
DE102014211972A1 (de) 2014-04-30 2015-11-05 Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh Sensoranordnung zum Erfassen ortsaufgelöster photometrischer Daten
DE102014006340A1 (de) * 2014-04-30 2015-11-05 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Kamera
DE102016102282B4 (de) 2016-02-10 2024-01-04 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen einer Datenverarbeitung und -übertragung in einer Sicherheitskette eines Sicherheitssystems
DE102017010567A1 (de) * 2017-10-16 2019-04-18 Thomas Jurkschat Filtersystem für eine kamera

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19950681A1 (de) * 1999-10-21 2001-04-26 Volkswagen Ag Bilderfassungssystem
US20020012064A1 (en) * 2000-03-17 2002-01-31 Hiroshi Yamaguchi Photographing device
US20020071185A1 (en) * 2000-12-07 2002-06-13 Jean-Loup Chretien System and method for dynamic optical filtration
DE10057393A1 (de) * 2000-11-18 2002-10-31 Adc Automotive Dist Control Optisches System

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19950681A1 (de) * 1999-10-21 2001-04-26 Volkswagen Ag Bilderfassungssystem
US20020012064A1 (en) * 2000-03-17 2002-01-31 Hiroshi Yamaguchi Photographing device
DE10057393A1 (de) * 2000-11-18 2002-10-31 Adc Automotive Dist Control Optisches System
US20020071185A1 (en) * 2000-12-07 2002-06-13 Jean-Loup Chretien System and method for dynamic optical filtration

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009086970A1 (fr) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé et dispositif de saisie d'images pour véhicules à moteur
GB2577793A (en) * 2018-08-17 2020-04-08 Motherson Innovations Co Ltd Image acquisition device for driver assistance system, driver assistance system, and method for operating an image acquisition device
GB2577793B (en) * 2018-08-17 2021-10-27 Motherson Innovations Co Ltd Driver assistance system and method for operating the same.
CN112351211A (zh) * 2019-08-08 2021-02-09 北京地平线机器人技术研发有限公司 调整摄像装置入射光的方法和装置、系统、介质和设备

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