WO2007148659A1 - Pot d'échappement - Google Patents

Pot d'échappement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007148659A1
WO2007148659A1 PCT/JP2007/062253 JP2007062253W WO2007148659A1 WO 2007148659 A1 WO2007148659 A1 WO 2007148659A1 JP 2007062253 W JP2007062253 W JP 2007062253W WO 2007148659 A1 WO2007148659 A1 WO 2007148659A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
muffler
guide member
cover hood
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2007/062253
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Buhei Kobayashi
Ryou Ono
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Husqvarna Zenoah Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zenoah Co Ltd
Husqvarna Zenoah Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zenoah Co Ltd, Husqvarna Zenoah Co Ltd filed Critical Zenoah Co Ltd
Priority to US12/308,583 priority Critical patent/US20100230205A1/en
Priority to CN2007800226186A priority patent/CN101473114B/zh
Priority to EP07745484A priority patent/EP2031198A4/fr
Publication of WO2007148659A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007148659A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/14—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by adding air to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/002—Apparatus adapted for particular uses, e.g. for portable devices driven by machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/082—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of tailpipe, e.g. with means for mixing air with exhaust for exhaust cooling, dilution or evacuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1872—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the assembly using stamp-formed parts or otherwise deformed sheet-metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/06—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for hand-held tools or portables devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a muffler and relates to a muffler for a small engine mounted on a portable work machine such as a blower, a chain saw, a cut-off saw, or a brush cutter.
  • an engine blower, a chain saw, and the like are known as portable working machines driven by an engine.
  • the engine of such a portable work machine is driven at a position relatively close to the worker, and the exhaust gas temperature from the muffler may be regulated because it is necessary to consider the surrounding environment. Emission is desired. Specifically, the exhaust gas temperature from the engine cover that covers the engine and muffler is regulated.
  • Patent Document 1 JP-A-53-44998
  • Patent Document 1 there is a problem that the cover hood necessary for taking in outside air is increased in size and hinders downsizing as a muffler. Therefore, it is desired to adopt a member shape that can efficiently mix exhaust gas and outside air, and thus to promote downsizing of the muffler.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a muffler that can efficiently reduce exhaust gas temperature by efficiently mixing exhaust gas and outside air, and that can be downsized as a whole. Means for solving the problem
  • the muffler of the present invention includes a muffler body having an expansion chamber, an exhaust gas guide member that covers an exhaust gas outlet provided in the muffler body, and a cover hood that covers an exhaust gas outlet side of the exhaust gas guide member And the interior of the plan for guiding the exhaust gas by the exhaust gas guide member is widened to the top surface side of the cover hood toward the discharge port.
  • the muffler of the present invention includes a muffler body having an expansion chamber, an exhaust gas guide member that covers an exhaust gas outlet provided in the muffler body, and a cover hood that covers an exhaust gas outlet side of the exhaust gas guide member
  • the distance between the central force of the delivery port and the discharge port is equal to or less than the height of the opening at the discharge port.
  • the muffler of the present invention includes a muffler body having an expansion chamber, an exhaust gas guide member that covers an exhaust gas outlet provided in the muffler body, and a cover hood that covers an exhaust gas outlet side of the exhaust gas guide member And a tail pipe attached to the delivery port in the expansion chamber, the height of the opening at the discharge port being equal to or less than the inner diameter of the tail pipe.
  • the guide part of the exhaust gas guide member is expanded toward the top surface of the cover hood, and the dimension setting of the main part is optimized.
  • the air can be reliably ejected toward the top surface side, and the air and the exhaust gas taken into the cover hood can be crossed to improve the mixing state.
  • air and exhaust gas can be mixed efficiently without enlarging the cover hood and taking in a large amount of air, and the exhaust gas temperature can be reduced well while reducing the size of the entire muffler.
  • the cover hood is provided with an outside air mixing unit in which the exhaust gas ejected from the discharge port and outside air taken in from the outside are mixed, and is provided in the outside air mixing unit.
  • the opening area in a cross section intersecting with the flow direction of the exhaust gas is preferably at least four times the opening area of the exhaust port.
  • the exhaust gas guide member force can capture a sufficient amount of air by the cover hood with respect to the amount of exhaust gas to be discharged, thereby reducing the temperature of the exhaust gas more reliably. There is an effect that can be done.
  • a projecting piece protruding toward the center side in the in-plane direction of the exhaust port is provided in the vicinity of the exhaust port of the cover hood.
  • the exhaust gas having the exhaust port force of the cover hood passes through the projecting piece, so that the exhausted exhaust gas can be brought into contact with the outside air in a larger area, and the temperature of the exhaust gas can be more efficiently Can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing a muffler according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the muffler shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the muffler shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 An enlarged view of the attachment of the muffler.
  • FIG. 5 A view of the attachment shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 A view of the attachment shown in Fig. 4 as seen from the rear side.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the main part of the muffler.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a simulation result of outlet temperature in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a muffler according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a view of the attachment shown in FIG. 9 as viewed from the front side force.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a simulation result of outlet temperature in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a front view showing a muffler according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a view showing an attachment of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view showing the muffler 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the muffler 1 shown in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the muffler 1 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view showing the attachment 20 of the muffler 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a view of the attachment 20 shown in FIG. 4 as viewed from the front side
  • FIG. 6 is a view as seen from the rear side.
  • the front side refers to the front side in the flow direction of the exhaust gas
  • the rear side refers to the rear side in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
  • the muffler 1 of the present embodiment is for a small two-cycle engine mounted on an engine blower (not shown), and has a box-like muffler body 10 in which an expansion chamber 2 is formed, and an outer surface of the muffler body 10 And an attachment 20 attached thereto.
  • the muffler body 10 includes a base cover 11 having an introduction port 11A through which exhaust gas from the engine side is introduced, and a cover member 12 is attached to the base cover 11 by caulking of a peripheral portion. Yes.
  • a baffle 13 having a plurality of round holes 13A is provided inside the introduction port 11A. After the exhaust gas entering from the introduction port 11A hits the opposing surface 13B of the baffle 13A, each baffle 13A It spreads in the expansion chamber 2 while being dispersed from.
  • the back side of the force bar member 12 has a double structure, and a sound deadening material 14 having heat resistance is disposed therein.
  • the cover member 12 is provided with an outlet 12A for sending exhaust gas.
  • Each of the outlet 12A and the aforementioned inlet 11A is provided at a position where it does not overlap in the thickness direction of the muffler body 10.
  • One end of the tail pipe 15 is fixed to the delivery port 12A via a bracket 15A.
  • the cover member 12 is provided with a pair of bolt insertion holes 12B, and the base force bar 11 is provided with a communication hole (not shown) corresponding to each insertion hole 12B.
  • the insertion hole 12B and the communication hole communicate with each other through a guide pipe 17 in the muffler main body 10, and the muffler 1 is bolted to the engine by a bolt threaded through the guide pipe 17.
  • the attachment 20 has a configuration in which an exhaust gas guide member 21 that covers the delivery port 12A and a cover hood 22 that covers the exhaust gas guide member 21 are integrally provided.
  • the exhaust gas guide member 21 is provided with a guide portion 23 that bulges upward, and a discharge port 23A is provided at one end of the guide portion 23. Is provided.
  • a flange-like insertion portion 23B is provided at the periphery of the guide portion 23 .
  • a mounting piece 23C continuous with the insertion portion 23B is provided on the front side of the discharge port 23A. In the same plane of the mounting piece 23C, the portion immediately before the discharge port 23A is an opening 23D.
  • the cover hood 22 includes an outlet 23A and an outside air mixing section 24 that covers the front side of the outlet 23A.
  • an outside air mixing section 24 On the rear side of the outside air mixing unit 24, a fixed piece 24A having a tip fixed to the upper surface of the guide unit 23 is extended.
  • the gap between the outside air mixing unit 24 and the guide unit 23 becomes an outside air introduction gap 24B for introducing outside air into the outside air mixing unit 24.
  • mounting pieces 24C having the same shape as the mounting pieces 23C of the guide portion 23 are provided, and the mounting pieces 23C, 24C are fixed to each other by spot welding or the like.
  • Such attachment pieces 23C, 24C are provided with semi-elliptical engagement portions 25 that are open to the rear side.
  • an exhaust port 24D for exhausting the exhaust gas after the outside air mixing is provided on the front end side of the outside air mixing unit 24.
  • a projecting piece 24E that is bent toward the center in the in-plane direction of the opening.
  • the protruding piece 24E is not limited to the upper edge as long as the protruding piece 24E is provided in the vicinity of the exhaust outlet 24D so as to close the exhaust outlet 24D.
  • a reduced diameter portion 24F whose sectional area decreases toward the front side, and on the upper surface of the reduced diameter portion 24F, there is provided a recess 24G recessed inward. It has been.
  • the exhaust gas guide member 21 and the cover hood 22 are integrated in advance, and the insertion portion 23B is fitted on the surface of the cover member 12 by sliding from the front side to the rear side. While being inserted into and fitted into the joint portion 18, each engaging portion 25 is engaged with a screw 19 temporarily fixed to the cover member 12, and the screw 19 is tightened to be fixed to the muffler body 10. At this time, the spark arrester 16 is disposed inside the exhaust gas guide member 21 in a state of protruding from the part discharge port 23A.
  • the mounting surface 12C on the cover member 12 to which the attachment 20 is mounted has a slight directional force perpendicular to the axis of the tail pipe 15 in this embodiment. It is inclined.
  • the inclination direction is a direction in which the thickness of the muffler main body 10 becomes smaller toward the front side in the exhaust gas flow direction.
  • the magnitude of such an inclination is for determining the direction of the exhaust gas that is also exhausted by the exhaust port 24D force, and is arbitrarily determined in the implementation. Accordingly, there may be a case where there is no such inclination. That is, the attachment surface 12C may be a surface that is orthogonal to the axis of the tail pipe 15.
  • the guide portion 23 expands slightly upward toward the top surface 24H of the cover hood 22 according to the direction of the discharge port 23A.
  • the width dimension of the guide 23 is constant over the entire area (Fig. 4).
  • the discharge port 23A is provided slightly forward of the delivery port 12A, and the distance from the center of the delivery port 12A to the discharge port 23A in a plane parallel to the mounting surface 12C.
  • L 1 is set so that the 12C force on the mounting surface is less than the height HI up to the inner upper edge of the outlet 23A (L1ZH1 ⁇ 1). This setting makes it easier for the exhaust gas from the outlet 23A to go to the top surface 24H.
  • the opening area S1 is the portion where the internal space is the narrowest at the front end of the reduced diameter portion 24F (for example, the portion of line VII-VII in FIG. 7, which is perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, but is recessed.
  • the opening area S2 is the area of the outlet 23A of the guide 23.
  • the tip of the cover hood 22 also protrudes from the side force of the muffler body 10, and the exhaust port 24D force also suppresses the generation of eddy currents such as exhaust gas exhausted into the side surface. It is designed to flow in a straight line toward the outside.
  • the projecting piece 24E The exhaust gas from the exhaust port 24D has a function of exhausting in a concave shape when viewed from the front, thereby increasing the area of the exhaust gas in contact with the outside air and further reducing the exhaust gas temperature.
  • Inlet 11A (Fig. 2)
  • the exhaust gas that has also entered the expansion chamber 2 is sent into the exhaust gas guide member 21 through the tail pipe 15, and is discharged from the exhaust port 23A of the exhaust gas guide member 21 into the cover hood 22.
  • the exhaust gas from the discharge port 23A is gradually expanded to the top surface 24H side of the cover hood 22 according to the direction force on the front end side of the flow direction of the exhaust gas S in the cross-sectional shape of the guide 23 Then, it spouts to spread while facing the top surface 24H.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the guide portion 23 provided on the exhaust gas guide member 21 is gradually expanded toward the top surface 24H of the force bar hood 22, so that the exhaust is discharged from the discharge port 23A.
  • the exhaust gas flow can be reliably directed upward in the cover hood 22, and the exhaust gas and the outside air that has entered the cover hood 22 can cross each other and be mixed efficiently, effectively reducing the exhaust gas temperature. it can.
  • L1ZH1 ⁇ 1 exhaust gas can be ejected more reliably toward the top surface 24H, and exhaust gas and outside air can be mixed more efficiently to further reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas.
  • the recess 24G provided in the cover hood 22 can direct the flow of the outside air flowing in the upper side in the cover hood 22 downward, and it is directed downward by the outside air and the upward exhaust gas. , It is possible to better mix each other.
  • the reduced diameter portion 24F provided in the cover hood 22 also has a function of promoting the mixing of the exhaust gas and the outside air simply by increasing the flow rate of the exhaust gas, so that the mixing can be performed well also in this respect.
  • the exhaust gas guide member 21 and the cover hood 22 are provided as one body in the attachment 20, and can be easily attached to the muffler body 10 in a sliding manner. Can be removed easily. In this case, however, it is easy to work at this point because the screw 19 does not need to be completely removed. Therefore, since the attachment 20 can be easily engaged and disengaged, the inside of the spark arrester 16 and the tail pipe 15 can be easily cleaned, and workability can be improved.
  • the height HI of the discharge port 23A of the exhaust gas guide member 21 is set to be equal to or less than the inner diameter D1 of the tail pipe 15 (Hl ⁇ Dl).
  • Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the portion where the internal space is the narrowest for example, the IX-IX line portion in FIG.
  • the opening area S1 of the orthogonal part is set to be at least four times the opening area S2 of the discharge port 23A of the guide 23 (SlZS2 ⁇ 4).
  • the simulation results of the exhaust gas outlet temperature when L1ZH1 is varied are shown.
  • the mounting piece 23C of the exhaust gas guide member 21 extends laterally from the muffler body 10, whereas the mounting piece 24C of the cover hood 22 does not extend. The entire length of the cover hood 22 has become shorter. For this reason, the position of the exhaust port 24D is also provided closer to the delivery port 12A than in the first and second embodiments. However, even in this case, the mounting piece 23C extends to the side, so that the exhaust port 24D can be prevented from entraining exhausted exhaust gas, and smooth exhaust can be achieved as described above.
  • the cover hood 22 is crimped and fixed to the exhaust gas guide member 21 by the force of a pair of folded portions 241 provided on the mounting piece 23C of the exhaust gas guide member 21, and the through hole 2 J
  • the muffler body 10 is fastened together with the exhaust gas guide member 21 by a screw 19 inserted into the muffler.
  • the structure in which the entire attachment 20 is fixed to the muffler body 10 by fitting the insertion portion 23B of the exhaust gas guide member 21 to the fitting portion 18 and screwing of the screw 19 is the same as in the first and second embodiments. It is.
  • the outside air mixing portion 24 of the cover hood 22 has the same width dimension along the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and does not have a reduced diameter portion as in the first and second embodiments. This is an effective shape for satisfying SlZS2 ⁇ 4 while suppressing the height dimension of the cover hood 22, and can prevent the attachment 20 from becoming large.
  • the shape of the guide portion 23 of the exhaust gas guide member 21 is a shape that expands toward the discharge port 23A.
  • L1Z Hl If ⁇ l is satisfied and HI ⁇ D1 is satisfied in the second embodiment, the shape force of the guide 23 is uniform along the flow direction of the exhaust gas. Even if it is open, it is included in the invention of claim 2 or claim 3. On the contrary, if the shape of the guide portion 23 is expanded toward the outlet 23A, even if LlZHl ⁇ 1 or HI ⁇ D1 is not satisfied, it is included in the invention of claim 1.
  • the present invention can be suitably used as a muffler for a small engine mounted on a portable work machine such as a blower, a chain saw, a cut-off saw, or a brush cutter.
  • a portable work machine such as a blower, a chain saw, a cut-off saw, or a brush cutter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un pot d'échappement pour moteur à deux temps de petite taille comportant un corps de pot d'échappement (10) muni d'une chambre de détente (2), un élément de guidage de gaz d'échappement (21) pour recouvrir une sortie de gaz d'échappement (12A) disposée sur le corps de pot d'échappement (10), et un capot (22) pour recouvrir le côté d'ouverture de décharge de gaz d'échappement (23A) de l'élément de guidage de gaz d'échappement (21). Une section de guidage (23) pour guider le gaz d'échappement dans l'élément de guidage de gaz d'échappement (21) est formée de telle sorte que, plus elle est proche de l'ouverture de décharge (23A), plus elle s'étend jusqu'au côté de la surface supérieure (24H) du capot (22).
PCT/JP2007/062253 2006-06-21 2007-06-18 Pot d'échappement Ceased WO2007148659A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/308,583 US20100230205A1 (en) 2006-06-21 2007-06-18 Muffler
CN2007800226186A CN101473114B (zh) 2006-06-21 2007-06-18 消声器
EP07745484A EP2031198A4 (fr) 2006-06-21 2007-06-18 Pot d'échappement

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006171351A JP5066344B2 (ja) 2006-06-21 2006-06-21 マフラー
JP2006-171351 2006-06-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007148659A1 true WO2007148659A1 (fr) 2007-12-27

Family

ID=38833401

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2007/062253 Ceased WO2007148659A1 (fr) 2006-06-21 2007-06-18 Pot d'échappement

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20100230205A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2031198A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP5066344B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101473114B (fr)
TW (1) TW200801321A (fr)
WO (1) WO2007148659A1 (fr)

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JP2017053233A (ja) * 2015-09-07 2017-03-16 川崎重工業株式会社 汎用エンジンのマフラ

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US9121319B2 (en) 2012-10-16 2015-09-01 Universal Acoustic & Emission Technologies Low pressure drop, high efficiency spark or particulate arresting devices and methods of use
JP6087679B2 (ja) * 2013-03-21 2017-03-01 本田技研工業株式会社 エンジン用マフラ
JP6047479B2 (ja) * 2013-12-16 2016-12-21 日立建機株式会社 建設機械の排気装置
CN103806983A (zh) * 2014-01-23 2014-05-21 浙江亚特电器有限公司 一种触媒消音器
CN104165450A (zh) * 2014-06-09 2014-11-26 北京绿创声学工程设计研究院有限公司 一种动力回收型管式消声器
WO2016031717A1 (fr) * 2014-08-29 2016-03-03 日立工機株式会社 Machine de travail à moteur
JP6095628B2 (ja) * 2014-10-20 2017-03-15 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和機用消音器及びその消音器を備えた空気調和機
CN110118114B (zh) * 2019-02-28 2023-10-13 浙江亚特电器股份有限公司 一种四冲程汽油机链锯的消音器排气结构

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See also references of EP2031198A4 *

Cited By (1)

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JP2017053233A (ja) * 2015-09-07 2017-03-16 川崎重工業株式会社 汎用エンジンのマフラ

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TW200801321A (en) 2008-01-01
CN101473114A (zh) 2009-07-01
JP2008002320A (ja) 2008-01-10
EP2031198A4 (fr) 2011-04-27
US20100230205A1 (en) 2010-09-16
EP2031198A1 (fr) 2009-03-04
CN101473114B (zh) 2012-06-06
JP5066344B2 (ja) 2012-11-07

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