WO2009003662A3 - Verfahren zur herstellung balsgeformter hohlkörper - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung balsgeformter hohlkörper Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009003662A3
WO2009003662A3 PCT/EP2008/005310 EP2008005310W WO2009003662A3 WO 2009003662 A3 WO2009003662 A3 WO 2009003662A3 EP 2008005310 W EP2008005310 W EP 2008005310W WO 2009003662 A3 WO2009003662 A3 WO 2009003662A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blow
preforms
synchronism
hollow bodies
moulding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2008/005310
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2009003662A2 (de
Inventor
Guenther Kappen
Rolf Kappen-Feuerherm
Horst Deckwerth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP08773753A priority Critical patent/EP2173533A2/de
Publication of WO2009003662A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009003662A2/de
Publication of WO2009003662A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009003662A3/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/13Articles with a cross-section varying in the longitudinal direction, e.g. corrugated pipes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/255Flow control means, e.g. valves
    • B29C48/2556Flow control means, e.g. valves provided in or in the proximity of dies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/31Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
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    • B29C48/355Conveyors for extruded articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C49/20Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C2049/2008Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements inside the article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/78Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2049/787Thickness
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    • B29C2791/00Shaping characteristics in general
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    • B29C2791/006Using vacuum
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    • B29C2791/00Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/004Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/007Using fluid under pressure
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    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704Temperature
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92904Die; Nozzle zone
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92923Calibration, after-treatment or cooling zone
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92961Auxiliary unit, e.g. for external melt filtering, re-combining or transfer between units
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/072Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable wall thickness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/30Preforms or parisons made of several components
    • B29C2949/3006Preforms or parisons made of several components having tangentially different components within one layer, e.g. longitudinal stripes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07Flat, e.g. panels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/31Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
    • B29C48/313Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections by positioning the die lips
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/345Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/49Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/86Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
    • B29C48/865Heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/04Extrusion blow-moulding
    • B29C49/04116Extrusion blow-moulding characterised by the die
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/08Biaxial stretching during blow-moulding
    • B29C49/10Biaxial stretching during blow-moulding using mechanical means for prestretching
    • B29C49/14Clamps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4242Means for deforming the parison prior to the blowing operation
    • B29C49/42421Means for deforming the parison prior to the blowing operation before laying into the mould
    • B29C49/42424Deforming or closing the preform ends, e.g. pinching and welding

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung blasgeformter Hohlkörper, wobei im Arbeitstakt einer Blasformanlage flächige Vorformlinge (1,1') hergestellt werden, die aus Breitschlitzdüsen (2) austreten und noch im thermoplastifizierten Zustand in der Blasformanlage entlang einer durch das Schließen der Blasform (3) gebildeten Quetschnaht verbunden sowie zu einem Hohlkörper (4) aufgeweitet werden. Damit die flächigen Vorformlinge sowohl eine reproduzierbare Lage gegenüber der jeweiligen Blasformhälfte (10) als auch zueinander einnehmen, werden erfindungsgemäß verschiedene Maßnahmen allein oder in Kombination verwirklicht. Die aus den Breitschlitzdüsen austretenden Vorformlinge werden hinsichtlich ihres Gleichlaufs überwacht. Bei Abweichungen im Gleichlaufverhalten wird zur Korrektur des Gleichlaufes der Fließwiderstand durch unterschiedliche Beheizung der Fließkanäle und/oder durch Betätigung eines Drosselelementes (17), welches auf einen der Teilströme wirkt, verändert oder die Förderleistung einer Plastifiziereinheit (5) angepasst.
PCT/EP2008/005310 2007-06-29 2008-06-30 Verfahren zur herstellung balsgeformter hohlkörper Ceased WO2009003662A2 (de)

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DE102007030369.8A DE102007030369B4 (de) 2007-06-29 2007-06-29 Verfahren zur Herstellung blasgeformter Hohlkörper
DE102007030369.8 2007-06-29

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WO2009003662A3 true WO2009003662A3 (de) 2009-03-19

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008052609B4 (de) * 2008-10-21 2010-06-02 Feuerherm, Harald, Dipl.-Ing. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunststoffhohlkörpern durch Blasformen
EP2520410B1 (de) * 2009-12-29 2016-04-06 Kyoraku CO., LTD Herstellungsverfahren für ein kunstharzlaminat
FR2957018B1 (fr) * 2010-03-08 2012-10-12 Inergy Automotive Systems Res Procede et appareillage pour la fabrication d'un corps creux en matiere plastique a partir de deux feuilles
EP2444229A1 (de) * 2010-10-24 2012-04-25 Maku Ag Zustellbarer Kalibrierroboter für Breitschlitz-Düse
DE102011007618A1 (de) 2011-04-18 2012-10-18 Greiner Tool.Tec Gmbh Extrusionsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Beeinflussung von Wanddicken eines extrudierten Kunststoffprofils
EP2657000B1 (de) 2012-04-25 2016-12-28 Maku Ag Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von flachbahnigen Erzeugnissen und Verfahren zu deren Einrichtung
EP2865511B2 (de) 2013-10-25 2018-06-06 Magna Steyr Fuel Systems GesmbH Düse und Verfahren zur Platten- oder Folienextrusion
US10889046B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2021-01-12 Lifetime Products, Inc. Dual color blow molding process
DE102017217468B4 (de) 2017-09-29 2021-01-14 Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur herstellung von kunststoffhohlkörpern

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JPS5896528A (ja) * 1981-12-03 1983-06-08 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ブロ−成形装置
DE3737453A1 (de) * 1986-11-13 1988-05-19 Dyno Kongsvinger Verfahren zur herstellung eines thermoplastischen in mindestens einer ebene gekruemmten schlauches mittels blasen oder vakuumverformen
EP0693357A2 (de) * 1994-06-20 1996-01-24 Feuerherm, Harald Verfahren zum Extrusionsblasformen von Hohlkörpern aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff
WO2005084918A1 (en) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-15 Burnden Holdings (Uk) Limited Improvements in and relating to extrusion apparatus and adapters therefor
US20060038310A1 (en) * 2004-07-29 2006-02-23 Erik Lipson Method and apparatus for forming extruded striped plastic products with variations in width of the stripes along the length of the products and for blow molding articles formed from such extruded parts
EP1647390A2 (de) * 2004-10-13 2006-04-19 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Doppelströmungskanal für einen Extrusionskopf
DE202006013751U1 (de) * 2006-09-05 2006-11-02 Saw Sonderanlagen Und Werkzeugbau Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von bandförmigen Kunststoffvorformlingen

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US3235638A (en) * 1961-09-07 1966-02-15 Hedwin Corp Method for forming plastic containers
AT225919B (de) * 1959-11-07 1963-02-25 Reinold Hagen Vorrichtung zum Formblasen von Hohlkörpern aus mindestens zwei Profilbändern
LU41938A1 (de) * 1961-06-26 1962-12-25
DE4132032C3 (de) * 1991-09-26 1998-01-08 Continental Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen kontinuierlichen Herstellen mehrerer Strangprofile
ES2303942T3 (es) * 2003-03-28 2008-09-01 Harald Feuerherm Procedimiento para el moldeo por soplado de cuerpos huecos de material sintetico termoplastico.

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4179251A (en) * 1975-12-24 1979-12-18 Kautex-Werke Reinold Hagen Gmbh Multiple extrusion head extrusion blow moulding apparatus
JPS5896528A (ja) * 1981-12-03 1983-06-08 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ブロ−成形装置
DE3737453A1 (de) * 1986-11-13 1988-05-19 Dyno Kongsvinger Verfahren zur herstellung eines thermoplastischen in mindestens einer ebene gekruemmten schlauches mittels blasen oder vakuumverformen
EP0693357A2 (de) * 1994-06-20 1996-01-24 Feuerherm, Harald Verfahren zum Extrusionsblasformen von Hohlkörpern aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff
WO2005084918A1 (en) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-15 Burnden Holdings (Uk) Limited Improvements in and relating to extrusion apparatus and adapters therefor
US20060038310A1 (en) * 2004-07-29 2006-02-23 Erik Lipson Method and apparatus for forming extruded striped plastic products with variations in width of the stripes along the length of the products and for blow molding articles formed from such extruded parts
EP1647390A2 (de) * 2004-10-13 2006-04-19 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Doppelströmungskanal für einen Extrusionskopf
DE202006013751U1 (de) * 2006-09-05 2006-11-02 Saw Sonderanlagen Und Werkzeugbau Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von bandförmigen Kunststoffvorformlingen

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DE102007030369B4 (de) 2015-08-27
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DE102007030369A1 (de) 2009-01-02

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