WO2009087829A1 - Procédé de production d'engrais - Google Patents

Procédé de production d'engrais Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009087829A1
WO2009087829A1 PCT/JP2008/071609 JP2008071609W WO2009087829A1 WO 2009087829 A1 WO2009087829 A1 WO 2009087829A1 JP 2008071609 W JP2008071609 W JP 2008071609W WO 2009087829 A1 WO2009087829 A1 WO 2009087829A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mixture
waste
residue
fertilizer
ammonia
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2008/071609
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazutoshi Noguchi
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP2009504516A priority Critical patent/JP4383524B2/ja
Publication of WO2009087829A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009087829A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/006—Waste from chemical processing of material, e.g. diestillation, roasting, cooking
    • C05F5/008—Waste from biochemical processing of material, e.g. fermentation, breweries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fertilizer manufacturing method capable of shortening the processing time when processing waste to manufacture fertilizer and effectively using waste.
  • This compost fermentation treatment apparatus includes a fermenter, a turn-back device, a pulverizer, a malodor absorption device, and a sewage treatment device.
  • the fermenter is a tank into which compost material is charged.
  • the turn-back device is supported by a stand that moves along the longitudinal direction of the fermenter, and moves endlessly while moving from the fertilizer discharge port side of the fermenter toward the compost raw material input port side.
  • the compost raw material is moved upward by means and dropped.
  • the pulverizer is attached to the compost raw material dropping position of the turn-back device, and the falling compost raw material is scattered while being crushed.
  • the malodor absorbing device is disposed between the inside of the hood that covers a part or all of the top of the fermenter and the floor surface within a predetermined range on the compost outlet side of the fermenter. Is provided with a ventilation pipe that is absorbed through a large number of exhaust holes in the longitudinal direction from below.
  • the sewage treatment apparatus is formed at a predetermined interval in a sewage supply pipe disposed in a predetermined range on the floor surface of the fertilizer compost outlet through a pumping means from a sewage tank such as livestock. It has a pouring hole, and the sewage sent from the sewage supply pipe is poured into the compost of the fermenter with advanced fermentation from the lower floor.
  • sodium (Na) or aluminum (Al) may be mixed in the waste.
  • sodium and aluminum will be contained in the fertilizer to be produced.
  • sodium and aluminum impair the growth of crops in the field. That is, sodium causes so-called salt damage.
  • Aluminum also causes soil acidification.
  • the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to reduce the processing time when processing waste to produce fertilizer, and waste containing sodium or aluminum Even in the case of processing fertilizer, it is possible to prevent sodium and aluminum contained in this fertilizer from becoming an obstacle to the growth of plants, and to make effective use of waste Is to provide a method.
  • the fertilizer manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a fertilizer comprising a waste gas containing at least one of ammonia, urea, and uric acid, an ammonia gas, a liquid in which ammonia is dissolved, or an ammonium salt.
  • the incinerated ash is mixed to form a mixture, and the mixture includes at least one of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, molybdenum, copper, and selenium as a mineral component.
  • the waste treated in the first step contains nitrogen in the form of ammonia, urea or uric acid.
  • nitrogen in the waste is taken out as an extract in any form of ammonia gas, a liquid in which ammonia is dissolved, or an ammonium salt.
  • waste contains ammonia it can be taken out as a gas as it is, or it can be taken out by dissolving ammonia in a liquid such as water, or ammonia can be taken out as an ammonium salt. Is also possible.
  • urea or uric acid When urea or uric acid is contained in the waste, it is possible to take out urea or uric acid from the waste and then change the extracted urea or uric acid to ammonia. Also, when urea or uric acid is contained in the waste, if the waste is left as it is, the urea or uric acid in the waste changes to ammonia over time. The changed ammonia can be taken out as ammonia gas, a liquid in which ammonia is dissolved, or an ammonium salt.
  • This residue contains various constituent elements derived from waste.
  • the residue remaining in the first step is incinerated to produce incinerated ash.
  • This incineration ash contains various component elements in the residue, that is, various component elements derived from waste.
  • the moisture content of the residue is high, it is preferable to lower the moisture content of the residue in advance before incinerating the residue.
  • the moisture content of the residue can be reduced by, for example, centrifuging the moisture of the residue. It is also possible to heat the residue to remove moisture from the residue.
  • the third step is performed.
  • the extract taken out in the first step and the incinerated ash produced in the second step are mixed to form a mixture. And this mixture is mixed with phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), boron (B), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo).
  • Phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, molybdenum, copper, and selenium are indispensable elements for plant growth and are said to be essential elements.
  • wollastonite (Wallastonite: calcium silicate: CaSiO 3 ) and concentrated sulfuric acid are added to the mixture to which the mineral component has been added.
  • the wollastonite may be naturally produced or synthesized.
  • the solidified product produced in the fourth step is derived from nitrogen derived from the extract, various components derived from the residue, mineral components added in the third step, and wollastonite added in the fourth step Silicon and calcium, and sulfur (S) derived from concentrated sulfuric acid added in the fourth step. These components contained in the solidified product are useful components for plant growth. Therefore, the solidified product produced in the fourth step is preferable as a fertilizer for soil in which plants grow, and this solidified product can be fertilized in a field or the like.
  • the fermented component When the fermentable component is mixed in the waste, the fermented component is incinerated and decomposed in the second step to become incinerated ash. Therefore, the fermented component is not mixed in the solidified product produced in the fourth step, and the solidified product fertilized in the field or the like is not fermented in the soil. Since the fertilized solidified material does not ferment in the soil, root rot does not occur in the plants growing in the soil.
  • the waste to be treated in the first step contains a solid or is in the form of a lump
  • Heat is generated when the residue is incinerated in the second step. This heat can be used as an energy source for extracting the extract from the waste in the first step.
  • heat is generated when wollastonite and concentrated sulfuric acid are added to the mixture in which the mineral component is added in the third step.
  • This heat can be used as an energy source for extracting the extract from the waste in the first step.
  • sodium (Na) or aluminum (Al) is mixed in the waste, the sodium or aluminum in the waste is the residue remaining after the extract is first taken out in the first step. Enter, then enter the incineration ash of the residue. And sodium and aluminum in incineration ash enter in the mixture made at the 3rd process.
  • sodium and aluminum in the mixture react with wollastonite and concentrated sulfuric acid to form sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ) and aluminum silicate (Al 2 SiO 5 ). go inside.
  • sodium silicate and aluminum silicate in the solidified material gradually decomposes in the soil at a slow speed. To go. Therefore, a large amount of sodium or aluminum does not directly enter the soil through the solidified material, and the concentration of sodium or aluminum in the soil fertilized with the solidified material is kept low. Trace amounts of sodium and aluminum in the soil of a field have a favorable effect on the plants growing in the field. This is because trace amounts of sodium and aluminum are indispensable elements for plant growth.
  • the fertilizer manufacturing method according to the invention of claim 2 is the fertilizer manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the waste is produced as a secondary product when producing food and drink, sewage Contains at least one of sludge and manure.
  • the products that are generated side by side when producing food and drink are, for example, residues generated in the process of producing various alcoholic beverages including shochu, sake, awamori, wine, whiskey, and beer. It is a residue generated in the process of producing vegetable drinks and fruit drinks. Garbage generated from various restaurants and households is also included in the products that are produced as a secondary when producing food and drink.
  • the product that is produced as a secondary product when producing food and drink contains protein.
  • Protein is a polymer of amino acids, and nitrogen is one of the main elements that form amino acids. Nitrogen in the protein changes into the form of ammonia, urea, or uric acid depending on the action of microorganisms.
  • the action of microorganisms is, for example, protein decay by microorganisms.
  • the product spoilage that occurs as a secondary product when producing food and drink contains either ammonia, urea, or uric acid, and therefore becomes waste that is supplied to the first step.
  • the sewage sludge contains various components, and includes any one of ammonia, urea, and uric acid derived from manure and various proteins. Therefore, the sewage sludge can become waste supplied to the first step.
  • the manure of humans, livestock, and other animals contains any one of ammonia, urea, and uric acid. Therefore, the thing containing manure can become the waste material supplied to a 1st process.
  • Septic products, sewage sludge, and excreta that are generated as secondary products during the production of food and drink contain various components, and the elements that make up these components are the components that fertilizers contain Is preferable. Therefore, the spoiled product produced when producing food and drink, the sludge of sewage, or the solidified product produced by subjecting manure to the fourth step to the fourth step are preferable fertilizers. Become.
  • the fertilizer manufacturing method according to the invention of claim 3 is the fertilizer manufacturing method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the extract is an aqueous ammonia solution.
  • Ammonia is easily dissolved in water, and the aqueous ammonia solution is easy to handle. Therefore, the aqueous ammonia solution can be easily taken out as an extract in the first step. If the extract is an aqueous ammonia solution, it is easy to create a mixture in the third step, and it is easy to add mineral components to the mixture.
  • ammonia When ammonia is contained in the waste processed in the first step, for example, the waste is heated to vaporize the ammonia and collect the vaporized ammonia. When the waste is heated in a reduced pressure environment, the vaporization of ammonia can be promoted. If vaporized ammonia is passed through water, the ammonia dissolves in water to form an aqueous ammonia solution. Further, when water is vaporized together with ammonia from waste, an aqueous ammonia solution can be formed by cooling the vaporized ammonia and water vapor.
  • the invention's effect Since it is a fertilizer manufacturing method as described above, it is possible to shorten the processing time in processing waste to manufacture fertilizer, and when processing waste containing sodium or aluminum to make fertilizer However, it is possible to prevent sodium and aluminum contained in the fertilizer from hindering the growth of the plant, and the waste can be effectively used.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the steps of a fertilizer manufacturing method according to the present invention.
  • cereal residues are generated during the production process.
  • This grain residue contains various components including protein, carbohydrates and lipids.
  • the grain residue rots to rot 10. Nitrogen contained in the protein in the grain residue takes the form of ammonia as the grain residue decays.
  • the septic 10 is heated in a reduced pressure environment.
  • moisture and ammonia in the septic 10 are vaporized.
  • the aqueous ammonia solution 12 is taken out as an extract.
  • the aqueous ammonia solution 12 is sent to a third step S3 described later.
  • a residue 14 remains later.
  • the moisture content of the residue 14 is high, the residue 14 is centrifuged to drain water, and the moisture content of the residue 14 is lowered. It is preferable that the moisture content of the residue 14 is, for example, 5% or less. It is also possible to heat the residue 14 to reduce its moisture content. It is also possible to centrifuge the residue 14 and further heat the residue 14 that has been subjected to the centrifuge to lower its moisture content.
  • the residue 14 having a moisture content of 5% or less is sent to a second step S2 described next.
  • the residue 14 sent from the first step S1 is incinerated.
  • the residue 14 burns to become incinerated ash 16.
  • Elements of various components contained in the residue 14, that is, elements of various components contained in the septic 10 remain in the incineration ash 16.
  • the incineration ash 16 is sent to the third step S3. Even if the residue 14 contains a fermenting component, the fermenting component is decomposed by incineration. Therefore, the incinerated ash 16 does not contain any fermentable components.
  • the aqueous ammonia solution 12 sent from the first step S1 and the incinerated ash 16 sent from the second step S2 are mixed to become a mixture 18.
  • the mixture 18 is added with at least one of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, boron, zinc, molybdenum, copper, and selenium as the mineral component 20 to become the mixture 22.
  • the mixture 22 is sent to a fourth step S4 described below.
  • the wollastonite 26 is first added to the mixture 22 sent from the third step S3.
  • the mixture 22 to which the wollastonite 26 has been added is well agitated.
  • concentrated sulfuric acid 24 is further added to the stirred mixture 22.
  • the wollastonite 26 and the concentrated sulfuric acid 24 react to solidify the mixture 22 into a solidified product 28.
  • the solidified product 28 is formed into pellets, and the pelletized solidified product 28 is packed in a bag and shipped as fertilizer.
  • the solidified product 28 contains silicon and calcium derived therefrom, and sulfur derived from the concentrated sulfuric acid 24 added in the fourth step S4. These components contained in the solidified product 28 are useful components for plant growth.
  • the solidified product 28 produced from the fourth step S4 contains a component that is preferable as a fertilizer for the soil in which the plant grows, and the solidified product 28 can be fertilized in a field or the like. Moreover, it is also possible to use the solidified material 28 as a raw material for producing other fertilizers.
  • the solidified product 28 does not contain a component that is fermented by the action of microorganisms. Therefore, even if the solidified material 28 is fertilized to a field or the like, root rot will not occur in the crop of the fertilized field.
  • the load on the facility for incinerating the residue 14 in the second step S2 is reduced. And the fuel efficiency of the facility which incinerates the residue 14 improves, and the lifetime of the facility which incinerates the residue 14 becomes long.
  • the heat generated when the residue 14 is incinerated can be used as a heat source for heating the septic 10 and the residue 14.
  • sodium and aluminum When sodium and aluminum are contained in the septic 10, these sodium and aluminum first enter the residue 14 and then enter the incineration ash 16. Then, sodium and aluminum in the residue 14 enter the mixture 22 through the mixture 18. Sodium or aluminum in the mixture 22 reacts with the wollastonite 26 and concentrated sulfuric acid 24 added in the fourth step to form sodium silicate or aluminum silicate, and enters the solidified product 28.
  • sodium silicate and aluminum silicate in the solidified material 28 gradually decompose in the soil at a slow speed. Accordingly, a large amount of sodium or aluminum does not directly enter the soil through the solidified material 28, and the concentration of sodium or aluminum in the soil fertilized with the solidified material 28 is kept low. It is. For plants growing in such fields, sodium and aluminum in the soil act as indispensable elements for plant growth.
  • the fertilizer manufacturing method according to the present invention is useful as a fertilizer manufacturing method in which waste is processed to manufacture fertilizer.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé servant à produire de l'engrais par traitement de déchets. Selon ce procédé, la durée du traitement peut être réduite et les effets inhibiteurs du sodium et de l'aluminium contenus dans l'engrais, sur la croissance des végétaux, peuvent être supprimés, dans le cas d'une utilisation de déchets contenant du sodium et de l'aluminium en tant que matières premières de production d'engrais. Le procédé de production d'engrais de l'invention comprend les étapes consistant à: extraire une solution ammoniacale aqueuse (12) de matières putrides (10) contenant de l'ammoniac; brûler les résidus (14) restant après l'extraction de ladite solution ammoniacale aqueuse (12) pour obtenir des cendres (16); mélanger la solution ammoniacale aqueuse (12) aux cendres (16) pour obtenir un mélange (18), puis ajouter un constituant minéral (20) au mélange (18) pour obtenir un autre mélange (22); et ajouter de l'acide sulfurique concentré (24) et de la wollastonite (26) au mélange (22) pour obtenir un produit solidifié (28).
PCT/JP2008/071609 2008-01-07 2008-11-28 Procédé de production d'engrais Ceased WO2009087829A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009504516A JP4383524B2 (ja) 2008-01-07 2008-11-28 肥料製造方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2008-000293 2008-01-07
JP2008000293 2008-01-07

Publications (1)

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WO2009087829A1 true WO2009087829A1 (fr) 2009-07-16

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020141575A (ja) * 2019-03-04 2020-09-10 キッコーマン株式会社 アンモニアの生産方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008105898A (ja) * 2006-10-25 2008-05-08 Murakashi Sekkai Kogyo Kk 新規りん酸加里複合肥料およびその製造方法

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008105898A (ja) * 2006-10-25 2008-05-08 Murakashi Sekkai Kogyo Kk 新規りん酸加里複合肥料およびその製造方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020141575A (ja) * 2019-03-04 2020-09-10 キッコーマン株式会社 アンモニアの生産方法
JP7649100B2 (ja) 2019-03-04 2025-03-19 キッコーマン株式会社 アンモニアの生産方法

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JP4383524B2 (ja) 2009-12-16
JPWO2009087829A1 (ja) 2011-05-26

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