WO2009149657A1 - 一种头孢菌素c提取专用大孔吸附树脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种头孢菌素c提取专用大孔吸附树脂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009149657A1 WO2009149657A1 PCT/CN2009/072212 CN2009072212W WO2009149657A1 WO 2009149657 A1 WO2009149657 A1 WO 2009149657A1 CN 2009072212 W CN2009072212 W CN 2009072212W WO 2009149657 A1 WO2009149657 A1 WO 2009149657A1
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- cephalosporin
- adsorption resin
- monomer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D501/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. cephalosporins; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing hetero ring
- C07D501/02—Preparation
- C07D501/12—Separation; Purification
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/265—Synthetic macromolecular compounds modified or post-treated polymers
- B01J20/267—Cross-linked polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
- B01J20/28066—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area being more than 1000 m2/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
- B01J20/28076—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume being more than 1.0 ml/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28085—Pore diameter being more than 50 nm, i.e. macropores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/305—Addition of material, later completely removed, e.g. as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing, e.g. for forming pores
- B01J20/3064—Addition of pore forming agents, e.g. pore inducing or porogenic agents
Definitions
- the invention relates to a special macroporous adsorption resin for cephalosporin c extraction and a preparation method thereof. Background technique
- Bacterial infectious diseases are common and frequently-occurring diseases in people's daily life. Various serious bacterial infections are still an important problem with potentially fatal risks. Anti-infective drugs have always been the first in the world hospital market, occupying The status of the leader.
- cephalosporin also known as cephalosporin, is a broad-spectrum semi-synthetic antibiotic. Compared with penicillin, it has the advantages of broad antibacterial spectrum, penicillin resistance, high efficacy, low toxicity, less allergic reaction, etc. Occupy a very important position. Since the first cephalosporin products were launched in the 1960s, there are currently as many varieties listed.
- cephalosporin has a growing market share in the global anti-infective drug market due to its high growth and good clinical performance.
- China's cephalosporin market is in a period of vigorous development, backed by the 15% annual growth rate of the domestic pharmaceutical economy.
- Some experts predict that the growth rate of cephalosporin antibiotics in China will reach 30% in recent years.
- the huge development space of the cephalosporin market has attracted a lot of tides to get involved, which has led to the development of upstream APIs and intermediates, which has enabled the industrial chain to be effectively extended and more complete.
- Cephalosporin C is a key intermediate for the preparation of cephalosporin antibiotics, generally produced by fermentation, while the extraction of cephalosporin C fermentation broth is by resin method.
- the macroporous adsorption resin extracts cephalosporin C has good selectivity. The operation is simple, the equipment required is small, the product is non-polluting, and the resin is recycled, so the production cost is low and the yield is high. Especially due to global energy shortages, most organic solvents have risen in price, plus environmental pressure.
- macroporous adsorption resin (commonly known as polymer adsorbent) is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, especially in the extraction and purification of antibiotics, the extraction of Chinese herbal medicines, plant active ingredients, juice debittering, decolorization, and wastewater treatment.
- the domestic cephalosporin C macroporous adsorption resin is used at more than 3,200 cubic meters, with a total output value of 160 million yuan, and the market space is huge.
- most of the cephalosporin C manufacturers in China use cephalosporin C to extract macroporous adsorption resins, which are mostly imported, and the price is expensive.
- the performance of domestic resin in extracting cephalosporin C is not satisfactory, and can not fully meet user requirements.
- 5,218,008 teaches the treatment of highly crosslinked styrene copolymers in the presence of water or other non-swelling liquids and Lewis acid catalysts to increase surface area and porosity by reacting residual vinyl groups in the copolymer. Both of these patents use Lewis acid catalysts to initiate the reaction of the pendant vinyl groups remaining in the copolymer matrix with the aromatic ring to form a new ring structure that is necessary for increased surface area and porosity. .
- the various inventive methods mentioned above focus on different post-crosslinking modes and mechanisms, with the aim of increasing the surface area and porosity of the crosslinked polymer, thereby improving the adsorption properties for organic substances or drugs.
- the crosslinked polymer adsorbent, the polymer adsorbent prepared by the above inventive method has a significant increase in surface area and porosity.
- the specific surface area and porosity of cephalosporin C are far from enough.
- various manufacturers have cephalosporins.
- the requirements for the quality of C products are increasing.
- the performance and price requirements of the adsorption resins used for cephalosporin C are also more stringent.
- cephalosporin C Traditional polymer adsorbents have not fully met the needs of cephalosporin C production.
- the extraction of cephalosporin C is carried out by adsorption from a fermentation broth containing more impurities and fermentation by-products of similar structure, and the polymer adsorbent required to be used not only has to be High adsorption capacity of cephalosporin c, and more importantly, better selectivity to cephalosporin C, good analytical and regenerative properties, or better pollution resistance To ensure the quality, yield and cost advantages of cephalosporin c products. Summary of the invention
- the present invention is directed to the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a macroporous adsorption resin for cephalosporin c extraction and a preparation method thereof.
- the invented special macroporous adsorption resin has a high specific surface area, a suitable pore size distribution and porosity, and a unique surface characteristic, which can be used for cephalosporin c adsorption extraction.
- cephalosporin c structural formula is as shown in the following formula I:
- the cephalosporin c is present in the form of an acid in an acidic aqueous solution which, under alkaline conditions, is converted to the corresponding salt form.
- the adsorption and extraction of cephalosporin in the fermentation broth is carried out by utilizing this feature.
- the upper column is adsorbed, and the mixed solution of weak alkali solution or water-organic solvent is analyzed to realize the fermentation by-product contained in the fermentation broth. Separation of impurities (such as proteins, peptides, etc.), pigments, and similar impurities for purification purposes.
- cephalosporin C It can be seen from the structure of cephalosporin C that its molecular weight is small, only 415, and the structure contains a plurality of polar groups such as a carboxyl group and an amino group. Therefore, the adsorption extraction of cephalosporin c requires not only a macroporous adsorption resin (so-called The polymer adsorbent has a large specific surface area and porosity, and has special requirements for the structure, size, distribution and surface polarity of the pores in the adsorbent.
- the cephalosporin C extracting special macroporous adsorption resin of the present invention has a specific surface area of 1000-2000 m7g and a pore volume of 1. 5-2. 5 ml/g, which is obtained by the following method:
- the invention discloses a preparation method of a macroporous adsorption resin for cephalosporin C extraction, which comprises preparing a macroporous copolymer matrix by suspension polymerization, and then treating the macroporous copolymer matrix by a Lewis acid catalyzed post-crosslinking method, and the specific steps are as follows:
- Dissolve a certain amount of dispersing agent in a dispersion medium stir into a solution, add a mixture consisting of a monomer mixture, a porogen, and a polymerization initiator, stir to disperse into droplets, and raise the temperature to cause polymerization of the monomer.
- the droplets gradually solidify into spherical particles, the suspension polymerization temperature is 60-100 ° C, the polymerization reaction time is 5-10 hours, the polymerization reaction is finished, the porogen is removed by azeotropic distillation, washed with water and dried to obtain crosslinked macroporous copolymerization. Substrate.
- the above crosslinked macroporous copolymer matrix is treated with a Lewis acid catalyzed at 50-120 ° C in an inert organic medium to initiate an alkylation reaction between the aromatic rings in the structure, and cross-linking occurs again inside the matrix. reaction.
- the reaction time is 5-20 hours, the reaction is completed, and an inert organic medium is recovered to obtain a product.
- the amount of the inert organic medium is 4-8 times the mass of the crosslinked macroporous copolymer matrix
- the amount of the Lewis acid catalyst is 5-30% of the mass of the crosslinked macroporous copolymer matrix.
- the monomer mixture includes a monovinyl aromatic monomer, a polyvinyl aromatic monomer as a crosslinking agent, and a polar aliphatic unsaturated monomer.
- the monovinyl aromatic monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, alkyl-substituted styrene, vinyl naphthalene or other similar unsaturated monomers; wherein the alkyl-substituted styrene is selected from the group consisting of methyl styrene and ethyl benzene Ethylene, diethyl styrene, methyl ethyl styrene or dimethyl styrene.
- Preferred monovinyl aromatic monomers are styrene or alkyl substituted styrene.
- the polyvinyl aromatic monomer as a crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of divinylbenzene, trivinylbenzene, divinyltoluene, divinylnaphthalene, divinylxylene or divinylethylbenzene; Divinylbenzene is preferred.
- the polar aliphatic unsaturated monomer is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, low alkyl acrylate or low alkyl methacrylate, wherein the lower alkyl acrylate is specifically selected from methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate. , propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate or acrylonitrile, low alkyl methacrylate is specifically selected from ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane tris(meth)acrylate, methyl Ethyl acrylate, A Propyl acrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, of which lower alkyl methacrylate or acrylonitrile is preferred.
- the proportion of the polar aliphatic unsaturated monomer in the above monomer mixture is 0-10% by weight; the proportion of the polyvinyl aromatic monomer is 50-80% by weight, preferably 60-70% by weight; the balance being monovinyl aromatic monomer .
- the porogen used to prepare the crosslinked macroporous copolymer matrix of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, -.
- the alkanol is selected from n-butanol, tert-amyl alcohol or diethylhexanol;
- the C 6 -C 12 saturated hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of heptane, isooctane or gasoline, and the like, and an alkyl-substituted cyclohexane.
- the porogen is two or three of toluene, C 4 -C 1 () alkanol, gasoline or alkyl substituted cyclohexane.
- the porogen is added in an amount of from 100 to 300% by weight based on the total of the monomer mixture.
- the dispersion medium and dispersant can be referred to the prior art.
- the present invention provides the following preferred embodiments:
- the dispersion medium is water or saline, and optional dispersing agents include gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol or carboxymethyl cellulose. 5-2
- the total amount of the monomer is 0. 5-2.
- the amount of the monomer is 0. 5-2. % wt o
- the various components in the above step 2 can be as prior art.
- the present invention provides the following preferred embodiments:
- the inert organic medium is selected from the group consisting of dichloroethane, dichloropropane, nitrobenzene, chlorobenzene or dichlorobenzene.
- the Lewis acid catalyst is selected from the group consisting of aluminum trichloride, ferric chloride, zinc chloride, tin tetrachloride or boron trifluoride.
- the method for recovering the inert organic medium in the above step 2 is to first recover the supernatant by siphoning, then add the low molecular weight alcohol or ketone solvent to wash the sphere, and then rinse with water.
- the low molecular weight alcohol is preferably methanol or ethanol
- the ketone solvent is preferably acetone.
- the macroporous adsorption resin for the extraction of cephalosporin C of the present invention is also known in the art as a polymer adsorbent. Mainly in the application of cephalosporin C extraction.
- the invention is based on the prior art post-crosslinking technology, and is suitable for cephalosporin C by controlling the degree of crosslinking of the polymer matrix, using a mixed porogen and adding a certain polar monomer for polymerization. 5 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ . ⁇ .
- the macroporous adsorption resin prepared by the method further enhances the selectivity to cephalosporin C relative to the currently used cephalosporin C adsorption resin while maintaining a high adsorption amount, thereby improving its target product and correlation.
- the resolution of the impurities and the resolution are also increased accordingly, so that the purity and yield of the target product are improved.
- the anti-pollution performance of the adsorbent is enhanced, and its service life is prolonged, so that it has more industrial application value.
- the invention has the advantages of adsorbing and extracting cephalosporin c, and inventing a macroporous adsorption resin for cephalosporin c extraction which has high adsorption rate and good selectivity to target products, thereby high purity, easy analysis and regeneration.
- polymer adsorbent a modified macroporous adsorption resin with high specific surface area, suitable pore size distribution and porosity, unique surface characteristics, and can be used for cephalosporin c adsorption extraction.
- CPC cephalosporin C
- DCPC and DOCPC are the two largest impurities in cephalosporin C products, and their structures are similar to those of cephalosporin C, which are deacetyl cephalosporin and deacetoxy cephalosporin, respectively.
- Phytocin. 2 The absorbance ratio of the analytical solution is the ratio of the absorbance of the analytical solution to its CPC concentration, which mainly reflects the clarity and color of the analytical solution.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Cephalosporin Compounds (AREA)
Description
一种头孢菌素 c提取专用大孔吸附树脂及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种头孢菌素 c提取专用大孔吸附树脂及其制备方法。 背景技术
细菌感染性疾病是人们日常生活中的常见病与多发病, 各种严重细菌感染仍 然是一个有潜在致命危险的重要问题, 抗感染类药物一直是在世界医院市场销售 居于首位的品种, 占据着龙头老大的地位。
从世界抗感染药的销售情况看, 头孢菌素类抗生素独占鳌头。 头孢菌素又称 先锋霉素, 是一类广谱半合成抗生素, 与青霉素相比, 具有抗菌谱较广, 耐青霉 素酶, 疗效高、 毒性低, 过敏反应少等优点, 在抗感染治疗中占有十分重要的地 位。 从二十世纪六十年代第一个头孢菌素类产品上市以来, 目前上市品种已多达
60余种, 产量占世界抗生素产量的 60%以上, 头孢菌素以其高成长性和良好的临 床表现, 在全球抗感染药物市场上占有越来越多的市场份额。 我国的头孢菌素市 场正处于大力发展阶段,背靠着国内医药经济每年 15%的持续增长速度,有专家预 测,近几年内我国头孢菌素抗生素的增长速度将高达 30%。头孢菌素市场巨大的发 展空间, 吸引了不少弄潮儿频频涉足, 从而带动了上游原料药、 中间体的发展, 使得这一产业链条得以有效的延伸而更趋完整。
医药行业在全球经济繁荣的背景下, 国际农产品价格上升导致成本上升, 从 而推动产品价格上涨, 从 2006年第 3季度开始, 主要原料玉米的价格大幅上涨, 加上煤、 电等动力成本的上升, 国外企业要么停产要么主动提价, 中国由于劳动 力及环保成本的优势, 竞争力凸显, 原料药产业尤其是发酵医药原料药呈现向中 国转移趋势, 目前西方发达国家已基本停止了头孢菌素 C的生产,我国头孢菌素 C 产量占到了世界总产量的 80%以上。 现国内有九家大型制药企业生产头孢菌素 C, 年产量达到 15000吨以上。
头孢菌素 C是制备头孢类抗生素的关键中间体, 一般由发酵法生产, 而头孢 菌素 C发酵液的提取使用的均是树脂法, 大孔吸附树脂提取头孢菌素 C具有选择 性好, 操作简便, 所需设备少, 产品无污染, 树脂循环使用, 因而生产成本低, 产率高。 尤其是由于世界性的能源紧张, 大部分有机溶媒价格上涨, 加上环保压
力, 因此大孔吸附树脂(俗称聚合物吸附剂)在医药行业尤其是抗生素提取精制, 中草药、 植物有效成分的提取, 果汁脱苦、 脱色, 废水处理等行业的应用日趋广 泛。目前国内头孢菌素 C大孔吸附树脂的使用量在 3200立方米以上,总产值达 1. 6 亿元, 市场空间巨大。 但国内大部分头孢菌素 C生产厂家使用的头孢菌素 C提取 大孔吸附树脂多为进口, 价格昂贵, 而国产树脂在提取头孢菌素 C方面的表现都 差强人意, 不能完全满足用户要求。
美国专利 US4263407和 US4191813中均讲述了增加轻度交联的凝胶或大孔型 聚合物表面积和孔隙率的方法, 包括用有机溶剂溶胀轻度交联的聚合物, 然后用 路易斯酸催化剂后交联溶胀后的聚合物, 形成大网状结构。 这种方法很大程度上 依赖于起始聚合物中的交联度, 要求交联剂用量控制在 1-4%, 通过加入外部交联 剂 (烷基化或酰基化试剂) 或利用单体氯甲基苯乙烯上悬垂的氯甲基在路易斯酸 催化剂作用下使相邻的芳香环间进行交联, 从而提高表面积和孔隙率。
美国专利 US4543365中讲述了另外一种提高不含有氯甲基的凝胶或大孔型芳 香交联共聚物孔隙率的方法, 即在有机溶剂存在下用路易斯酸催化剂处理上述的 共聚物颗粒, 其要求的交联剂用量为 15-60%。 由此得到的大孔交联共聚物用作头 孢菌素 C的吸附剂, 以及通过磺化或者氯甲基化然后胺化的方式制备离子交换树 脂或螯合树脂。 而美国专利 US5218004中则讲述了在水或其他非溶胀性液体和路 易斯酸催化剂存在下处理高交联苯乙烯共聚物, 通过共聚物中残留乙烯基的反应 提高其表面积和孔隙率。 这两个专利都是利用路易斯酸催化剂引发共聚物基质中 残留的悬垂乙烯基与芳香环的反应, 从而形成新的环状结构, 这种新形成的孔结 构是表面积和孔隙率增加所必须的。
上面提到的各种发明的方法都是重点讲述了不同的后交联方式和机理, 目的 都是增加交联聚合物的表面积和孔隙率, 从而制备对有机物质或者是药物具有改 善的吸附性能的交联聚合物吸附剂, 通过上述发明方法制备的聚合物吸附剂其表 面积和孔隙率均有明显提高。 但是具体到头孢菌素 C的吸附提取上, 仅有较高的 表面积和孔隙率是远远不够的, 目前, 随着头孢菌素 C 以及下游产品市场竞争的 日益激烈, 各个厂家对头孢菌素 C产品质量的要求日益提高, 对头孢菌素 C所用 的吸附树脂性能、 价格要求也更为苛刻, 传统的各种聚合物吸附剂已经不能完全 满足头孢菌素 C生产的需要。 头孢菌素 C的提取是从含有较多类似结构的杂质和 发酵副产物的发酵液中进行吸附提取的, 要求使用的聚合物吸附剂不仅要具有较
高的对头孢菌素 c的吸附量, 而且更为重要的是要有较好的对头孢菌素 C的选择 性, 还要具备良好的解析和再生性能, 或者说是较好的耐污染性能, 以确保头孢 菌素 c产品的质量、 收率和成本优势。 发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足,提供一种头孢菌素 c提取专用大孔吸附树脂及其 制备方法。 所发明的专用大孔吸附树脂具有较高比表面积、 适宜的孔径分布和孔 隙率, 独特的表面特性, 可用于头孢菌素 c吸附提取。
本发明的技术方案如下:
头孢菌素 c结构式如下式 I所示:
I
在酸性水溶液中头孢菌素 c以酸的形式存在, 在偏碱性条件下, 其转化为相应 的盐的形式。 发酵液中头孢菌素的吸附提取就是利用这一特点完成的, 酸性条件 下上柱吸附, 弱碱溶液或水 -有机溶媒的混合溶液进行解析, 从而实现其与发酵液 中含有的发酵副产物 (如蛋白质、 多肽等)、 色素以及相近杂质的分离, 起到提纯 的目的。
从头孢菌素 C结构可以看出, 其分子量较小, 仅为 415, 结构中含有羧基、氨 基等多个极性基团, 因此头孢菌素 c的吸附提取不仅需要大孔吸附树脂 (即所谓 的聚合物吸附剂) 具有较大的比表面积和孔隙率, 而且对吸附剂中孔的结构、 大 小、 分布以及表面极性等都具有特殊的要求。
本发明头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂, 比表面积在 1000-2000m7g, 孔容 在 1. 5-2. 5ml/g, 是按以下方法制得的:
( 1 )通过悬浮聚合作用制备大孔共聚物基质, 将一定量的分散剂溶于分散介 质中, 搅拌成溶液, 加入由单体、 致孔剂和聚合引发剂组成的混合物, 搅拌使分 散,升温使单体发生聚合反应,悬浮聚合温度 60-100°C,聚合反应时间 5-10小时, 得交联大孔共聚物基质;
( 2 ) 将上述交联大孔共聚物基质, 在惰性介质存在下用路易斯酸催化剂 50-12CTC进行处理, 引发其结构中芳香环之间的烷基化反应, 在基质内部再次发 生交联反应。
下面详细说明本发明头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备方法。
一种头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备方法, 包括通过悬浮聚合作用 制备大孔共聚物基质, 再用路易斯酸催化后交联方式处理大孔共聚物基质, 具体 步骤如下:
1. 将一定量的分散剂溶于分散介质中, 搅拌成溶液, 加入由单体混合物、 致 孔剂和聚合引发剂组成的混合物, 搅拌使分散成液滴, 升温使单体发生聚合反应, 液滴逐步固化成球状颗粒, 悬浮聚合温度 60-100°C, 聚合反应时间 5-10小时, 聚 合反应结束, 采用共沸蒸馏的方式去除致孔剂, 水洗并干燥后得到交联大孔共聚 物基质。
2. 将上述交联大孔共聚物基质, 在惰性有机介质中用路易斯酸催化 50-120 °C进行处理, 引发其结构中芳香环之间的烷基化反应, 在基质内部再次发生交联 反应。 反应时间为 5-20小时, 反应完毕, 回收惰性有机介质, 得产物。 其中, 惰 性有机介质用量为交联大孔共聚物基质质量的 4-8倍, 路易斯酸催化剂用量为交 联大孔共聚物基质质量的 5-30%。
上述步骤 1中的各种原料组分和用量详细说明如下:
所述单体混合物包括单乙烯基芳香族单体、 作为交联剂的多乙烯基芳香族单 体和极性脂肪族不饱和单体。
所述的单乙烯基芳香族单体选自苯乙烯、 烷基取代苯乙烯、 乙烯基萘或其它 类似的不饱和单体; 其中, 烷基取代苯乙烯选自甲基苯乙烯、 乙基苯乙烯、 二乙 基苯乙烯、 甲基乙基苯乙烯或二甲基苯乙烯等。 优选的单乙烯基芳香族单体是苯 乙烯或烷基取代苯乙烯。
所述的作为交联剂的多乙烯基芳香族单体选自二乙烯苯、 三乙烯苯、 二乙烯 基甲苯、 二乙烯基萘、 二乙烯基二甲苯或二乙烯基乙基苯等; 其中优选二乙烯苯。
所述的极性脂肪族不饱和单体选自丙烯酸、 甲基丙烯酸、 丙烯酸低烷基酯或 甲基丙烯酸低烷基酯, 其中, 丙烯酸低烷基酯具体选自丙烯酸甲酯、 丙烯酸乙酯、 丙烯酸丙酯、 丙烯酸异丙酯或丙烯腈, 甲基丙烯酸低烷基酯具体选自二 (甲基) 丙烯酸乙烯乙二醇酯、 三 (甲基) 丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯、 甲基丙烯酸乙酯、 甲
基丙烯酸丙酯、 甲基丙烯酸异丙酯, 其中优选甲基丙烯酸低烷基酯或丙烯腈。 上述单体混合物中极性脂肪族不饱和单体比例为 0-10%wt ;多乙烯基芳香族单 体比例为 50_80%wt, 最好为 60_70%wt ; 其余为单乙烯基芳香族单体。
用于制备本发明的交联大孔共聚物基质的致孔剂选自甲苯、 二甲苯、 - 。烷 醇、 C6-C12饱和烃、 烷基取代环己烷中的一种或多种。 其中, - 。烷醇选自正丁 醇、 叔戊醇或二乙基己醇; C6-C12饱和烃选自庚烷、 异辛烷或汽油等以及烷基取代 环己烷。
优选的,致孔剂是甲苯、 C4-C1()烷醇、汽油或烷基取代环己烷中的两种或三种。 优选的, 致孔剂的加量为单体混合物总量的 100-300%wt。
所述的分散介质和分散剂可参考现有技术。 本发明提供以下优选方案: 所述的分散介质为水或盐水, 可供选用的分散剂包括明胶、 聚乙烯醇或羧甲 基纤维素等。 可供选用的聚合引发剂包括有机过氧化物如过氧化苯甲酰、 过氧化 月桂酰或者偶氮化合物如偶氮二异丁腈等, 引发剂用量为单体总量的 0. 5-2% wt o 上述步骤 2中的各种组分可按现有技术。 本发明提供以下优选方案: 所述的惰性有机介质选自二氯乙烷、 二氯丙烷、 硝基苯、 氯苯或二氯苯等。 所述的路易斯酸催化剂选自三氯化铝、 三氯化铁、 氯化锌、 四氯化锡或三氟 化硼等。
上述步骤 2中反应完毕回收惰性有机介质的方法是先采用虹吸的方法回收清 液, 然后加低分子量醇或酮类溶剂洗涤球体, 然后用水冲洗。 其中, 低分子量醇 优选甲醇或乙醇, 酮类溶剂优选丙酮。
本发明的头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂,在本领域也称为聚合物吸附剂。 主要是在头孢菌素 C提取上的应用。
本发明就是在现有技术的后交联技术的基础上, 通过控制聚合物基质的交联 度,使用混合致孔剂、加入一定的极性单体进行聚合等方法制备适合于头孢菌素 C 吸附提取的大孔吸附树脂, 其比表面积在 1000-2000m7g, 孔容在 1. 5-2. 5ml/g。 使用本方法制备的大孔吸附树脂在保持较高吸附量的同时, 相对于目前使用的头 孢菌素 C吸附树脂进一步增强了对头孢菌素 C的选择性, 从而提高了其对目标产 物和相关杂质的分离度, 解析率也相应有所提高, 因而目标产物的纯度和产率均 得以提高。 同时吸附剂的抗污染性能增强, 其使用寿命延长, 使之更具有工业化 应用价值。
本发明针对头孢菌素 c吸附提取的特点发明了一种既具有较高吸附率, 而且 对目标产物选择性好, 从而产品纯度高, 易于解析和再生的头孢菌素 c提取专用 大孔吸附树脂, 是一种具有较高比表面积、 适宜的孔径分布和孔隙率, 独特的表 面特性,可用于头孢菌素 c吸附提取的改进型大孔吸附树脂(称为聚合物吸附剂)。 具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例 1 : 头孢菌素 c提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备
将含有 75g ( 80%含量的) 二乙烯苯、 8g 甲基丙烯酸甲酯、 17g苯乙烯、 90g 甲苯和 50g叔戊醇及 1. Og过氧化苯甲酰的单体混合物加入到由 500ml无盐水、3. 5g 明胶组成的分散介质溶液中, 搅拌使成一定大小的均匀液滴, 升温 70_75°C, 反应 4小时, 再升温至 85°C, 反应 4小时。 然后将水抽干, 重新加入热水, 升温, 共 沸蒸馏去除致孔剂 (甲苯和叔戊醇), 至冷凝液中几乎不含油状物, 停止蒸馏。 降 温, 大量水洗涤球体, 抽干水分, 然后热风干燥至水分 1. 0%以下, 筛分 20-60目 球体, 即得交联大孔共聚物基质 90g。
将上述得到的 90g交联大孔共聚物基质加入到 450ml硝基苯中, 常温搅拌溶 胀 5小时, 然后加入 14g三氯化铁, 升温 100-105°C, 反应 10小时。 降温, 将硝 基苯抽干, 加入 500ml乙醇, 搅拌 30分钟, 抽干; 再次加入 500ml乙醇, 搅拌 30 分钟, 抽干。 加入大量无盐水洗涤至澄清, 即得约 270g棕红色目标产物头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂, 其比表面积为 1189m7g, 孔容在 1. 78ml/g。
实施例 2:
将含有 85g ( 80%含量的)二乙烯苯、 5g丙烯酸甲酯、 15g苯乙烯、 100g甲苯、 30g叔戊醇、 30g异辛烷及 1. Og过氧化苯甲酰的单体混合物加入到由 500ml无盐 水、 3. 5g明胶组成的分散介质溶液中, 其余操作参照实施例 1, 制得 95g交联大 孔共聚物基质。
将上述得到的 95g交联大孔共聚物基质加入到 570ml二氯乙烷中, 常温搅拌 溶胀 2小时, 然后加入 19g氯化锌, 升温 80°C, 反应 15小时。其余操作参照实施 例 1, 制得约 300g棕黄色目标产物头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂, 其比表面 积为 1205m7g, 孔容在 1. 84ml/g。
应用实验实例:
将上述实施例 2得到的头孢菌素 C大孔吸附树脂 (1#样品) 与市场上使用的 S-825 ( 2#样品)和 X-18 ( 3#样品)树脂进行头孢菌素 C吸附对照试验, 试验条件: 采用玻璃试验柱, 树脂装量分别为 100ml。树脂预处理按照常规方法进行, 预处理 后树脂备用; 定量上柱, 滤液为工业化生产有机超滤膜制备的头孢菌素 C滤液。 吸附流速为 1. 0 1. 2BV/hr; —定浓度的弱碱溶液解析, 流速 0. 8 lBV/hr。 实验 结果见表 1 (多批实验数据平均值), 树脂评价见表 2
表 1 : 三种树脂样品对头孢菌素 C吸附的对照试验结果
注: 1 : CPC即头孢菌素 C; DCPC和 D0CPC为头孢菌素 C产品中两个最大杂质, 其 结构均与头孢菌素 C相近, 分别为脱乙酰基头孢菌素和脱乙酰氧基头孢菌素。 2: 解析液吸光比值为解析液吸光度与其 CPC浓度的比值, 主要反映解析液的澄清度 和颜色。
表 2: 三种树脂样品性能综合评价
以上所述仅为本发明的若干个具体实施形式, 应当指出, 对于本领域普通技术 人员来说, 还可以作出许多变形与改进。 所有未超出权利要求所述的变形或改进 均应视为本发明的范围。
Claims
1 . 头孢菌素 c 提取专用大孔吸附树脂, 其特征在于比表面积在 1000-2000m2/g, 孔容在 1. 5-2. 5ml/g, 是按以下方法制得的:
( 1 ) 通过悬浮聚合作用制备大孔共聚物基质, 将一定量的分散剂溶于分散 介质中, 搅拌成溶液, 加入由单体、致孔剂和聚合引发剂组成的混合物, 搅拌使 分散, 升温使单体发生聚合反应, 悬浮聚合温度 60-100°C, 聚合反应时间 5-10 小时, 得交联大孔共聚物基质;
( 2 ) 将上述交联大孔共聚物基质, 在惰性介质存在下用路易斯酸催化剂 50-12CTC进行处理, 引发其结构中芳香环之间的烷基化反应,在基质内部再次发 生交联反应。
2. 一种头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备方法, 包括通过悬浮聚合 作用制备大孔共聚物基质, 再用路易斯酸催化后交联方式处理大孔共聚物基质, 具体步骤如下:
( 1 )将一定量的分散剂溶于分散介质中, 搅拌成溶液, 加入由单体混合物、 致孔剂和聚合引发剂组成的混合物,搅拌使分散成液滴,升温使单体发生聚合反 应, 液滴逐步固化成球状颗粒, 悬浮聚合温度 60-100°C, 聚合反应时间 5-10小 时, 聚合反应结束, 采用共沸蒸馏的方式通入蒸汽去除致孔剂, 水洗并干燥后得 到交联大孔共聚物基质;
( 2 )将上述交联大孔共聚物基质, 在惰性有机介质中用路易斯酸催化 50-120 °C进行处理, 引发其结构中芳香环之间的烷基化反应,在基质内部再次发生交联 反应, 反应时间为 5-20小时, 反应完毕, 回收惰性有机介质, 得产物; 其中, 惰性有机介质用量为交联大孔共聚物基质质量的 4-8倍,路易斯酸催化剂用量为 交联大孔共聚物基质质量的 5-30%。
3.如权利要求 2所述的头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备方法,其特 征在于, 步骤 (1 ) 中所述单体混合物由单乙烯基芳香族单体、 作为交联剂的多 乙烯基芳香族单体和极性脂肪族不饱和单体组成, 其中极性脂肪族不饱和单体 0-10%wt , 多乙烯基芳香族单体 50_80%wt, 其余为单乙烯基芳香族单体。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备方法, 其
1
特征在于, 所述的单乙烯基芳香族单体选自苯乙烯、烷基取代苯乙烯、 乙烯基萘 或其它类似的不饱和单体;其中,烷基取代苯乙烯选自甲基苯乙烯、乙基苯乙烯、 二乙基苯乙烯、甲基乙基苯乙烯或二甲基苯乙烯等。优选的单乙烯基芳香族单体 是苯乙烯或烷基取代苯乙烯。
5. 如权利要求 3所述的头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备方法, 其 特征在于, 所述的作为交联剂的多乙烯基芳香族单体选自二乙烯苯、 三乙烯苯、 二乙烯基甲苯、二乙烯基萘、二乙烯基二甲苯或二乙烯基乙基苯等; 其中优选二 乙録苯。
6. 如权利要求 3所述的头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备方法, 其 特征在于, 所述的极性脂肪族不饱和单体选自丙烯酸、 甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸低烷 基酯或甲基丙烯酸低烷基酯, 其中, 丙烯酸低烷基酯具体选自丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯 酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸异丙酯或丙烯腈, 甲基丙烯酸低烷基酯具体选自二
(甲基)丙烯酸乙烯乙二醇酯、 三(甲基)丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯、 甲基丙烯酸 乙酯、 甲基丙烯酸丙酯、 甲基丙烯酸异丙酯, 其中优选甲基丙烯酸低烷基酯或丙 烯腈。
7. 如权利要求 2所述的头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备方法, 其 特征在于, 步骤 (1 ) 中所述致孔剂选自甲苯、 二甲苯、 c4-c1()烷醇、 c6-c12饱和 烃、 烷基取代环己烷中的一种或多种; 其中, ( 。烷醇选自正丁醇、 叔戊醇或 二乙基己醇; c6-c12饱和烃选自庚烷、 异辛烷或汽油等以及烷基取代环己烷; 优 选的, 致孔剂的加量为单体混合物总量的 100-300%wt。
8. 如权利要求 2所述的头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备方法, 其 特征在于, 步骤 (1 ) 中所述聚合引发剂包括过氧化苯甲酰、 过氧化月桂酰或者 偶氮二异丁腈, 引发剂用量为单体总量的 0. 5-2% wt o
9. 如权利要求 2所述的头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备方法, 其 特征在于, 步骤(2 ) 中所述的惰性有机介质选自二氯乙烷、 二氯丙烷、 硝基苯、 氯苯或二氯苯。
10.如权利要求 2所述的头孢菌素 C提取专用大孔吸附树脂的制备方法,其 特征在于, 步骤 (2 ) 中所述的路易斯酸催化剂选自三氯化铝、 三氯化铁、 氯化 锌、 四氯化锡或三氟化硼。
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| CNB2008100168172A CN100509142C (zh) | 2008-06-11 | 2008-06-11 | 一种头孢菌素c提取专用大孔吸附树脂及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009149657A1 true WO2009149657A1 (zh) | 2009-12-17 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/CN2009/072212 Ceased WO2009149657A1 (zh) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-10 | 一种头孢菌素c提取专用大孔吸附树脂及其制备方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110288191A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2319618A4 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN100509142C (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2009149657A1 (zh) |
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| CN106311190A (zh) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-11 | 佛山科学技术学院 | 多孔锰系锂离子筛吸附剂的制备方法 |
| CN116135894A (zh) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-05-19 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种高密度、双亲性大孔吸附树脂及其制备方法,及一种高盐含酚废水的处理方法 |
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| CN106311190A (zh) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-11 | 佛山科学技术学院 | 多孔锰系锂离子筛吸附剂的制备方法 |
| CN106311190B (zh) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-11-23 | 佛山科学技术学院 | 多孔锰系锂离子筛吸附剂的制备方法 |
| CN116135894A (zh) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-05-19 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种高密度、双亲性大孔吸附树脂及其制备方法,及一种高盐含酚废水的处理方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101288841A (zh) | 2008-10-22 |
| US20110288191A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
| EP2319618A1 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
| EP2319618A4 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
| CN100509142C (zh) | 2009-07-08 |
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