WO2009151060A1 - 円筒形スパッタリングターゲット及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
円筒形スパッタリングターゲット及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009151060A1 WO2009151060A1 PCT/JP2009/060553 JP2009060553W WO2009151060A1 WO 2009151060 A1 WO2009151060 A1 WO 2009151060A1 JP 2009060553 W JP2009060553 W JP 2009060553W WO 2009151060 A1 WO2009151060 A1 WO 2009151060A1
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- bonding material
- cylindrical
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
- H01J37/3488—Constructional details of particle beam apparatus not otherwise provided for, e.g. arrangement, mounting, housing, environment; special provisions for cleaning or maintenance of the apparatus
- H01J37/3491—Manufacturing of targets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/081—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/086—Oxides of zinc, germanium, cadmium, indium, tin, thallium or bismuth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
- C23C14/3414—Metallurgical or chemical aspects of target preparation, e.g. casting, powder metallurgy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
- H01J37/3411—Constructional aspects of the reactor
- H01J37/3414—Targets
- H01J37/3426—Material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cylindrical sputtering target used in a magnetron type rotary cathode sputtering apparatus or the like and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the magnetron type rotary cathode sputtering apparatus has a magnetic field generator inside a cylindrical sputtering target, and performs sputtering while rotating the target while cooling from the inside of the target.
- the entire surface of the target material is erosion (Erosion). Therefore, the target use efficiency (60% or more) is significantly higher than the use efficiency (20 to 30%) of the conventional flat plate type magnetron sputtering apparatus. Further, by rotating the target, it is possible to input a larger power per unit area as compared with a conventional flat plate type magnetron sputtering apparatus, so that a high deposition rate can be obtained (see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 2 As a method for producing a ceramic target used in a magnetron type rotary cathode sputtering apparatus, for example, a method of forming a target layer on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical substrate by a thermal spraying method (see Patent Document 2), A method of filling a powder and forming and joining a target by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) (see Patent Document 3) is known.
- HIP hot isostatic pressing
- the thermal spraying method and the HIP method have a large apparatus and operating cost for implementing them, and the cylindrical base material and the cylindrical target material are integrally manufactured. Reuse is difficult and not economical. Moreover, these methods tend to cause peeling and cracking due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient.
- the volume of the solder material decreases due to the phase change from liquid to solid, and the volume decreases due to cooling from the melting point to room temperature. May become defective, cracking and chipping may occur, or electrical conduction may be defective and abnormal discharge may occur.
- needle-like projections called nodules may be generated during sputtering, and abnormal discharge and particles may be generated by the nodules.
- the volume decreases by 2.7% when solidified at 156.6 ° C., and 1.2 when cooled from 156.6 ° C. to 25 ° C. % Volume reduction, and finally 3.9% volume reduction occurs.
- the thermal expansion coefficient of a ceramic cylindrical target material is generally smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of a cylindrical base material, when cooling from the melting point of the joining material to room temperature, the cylindrical target material and the cylindrical base material The volume of the cavity to be formed is increased, and bonding defects exceeding the volume decrease of the In itself are generated. These phenomena are not a problem in the conventional flat sputtering target even if the volume of the bonding material is reduced, because the distance between the flat target material and the flat substrate becomes narrow accordingly.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic cylindrical sputtering target and a method for producing the same, in which cracking, chipping, abnormal discharge, and nodule generation are significantly reduced.
- the inventors of the present invention have introduced a molten bonding material filled in a cavity formed by a cylindrical target material and a cylindrical base material from one end in the axial direction. It has been found that bonding layer defects can be remarkably reduced by starting cooling and sequentially cooling toward the other end, and further supplying a molten bonding material to the cavity, thereby completing the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a ceramic cylindrical sputtering target in which a cavity formed by a ceramic cylindrical target material and a cylindrical base material is filled with a bonding material.
- the target area is characterized in that the total area of the unexposed portions is 10 cm 2 or less per 50 cm 2 of the X-ray transmission photograph area, and the maximum area of the portions where no bonding material is present is 9 cm 2 or less.
- the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a ceramic cylindrical sputtering target in which a cavity formed by a ceramic cylindrical target material and a cylindrical substrate is filled with a bonding material, and the cavity is filled with a molten bonding material.
- cooling is started from one end in the cylindrical axis direction, sequentially cooled toward the other end, and a molten bonding material is further supplied to the cavity during cooling.
- a cylindrical sputtering target with significantly reduced generation of cracks, chips, abnormal discharge, and nodules can be obtained.
- film formation with high target use efficiency and high film formation speed can be achieved. This is possible in a conductive film or the like.
- the cavity formed by the ceramic cylindrical target material and the cylindrical base material is a portion 3 in FIG. 1 and is filled with a bonding material.
- the X-ray transmission photograph of the bonding material of the present invention is for examining defects in the bonding material.
- X-ray irradiation is performed from the outside of the cylindrical sputtering target using an X-ray irradiation apparatus, and the inside of the cylindrical base material is irradiated. It is obtained by photographing with the attached film for X-ray photography. Taking into account the curvature of the cylindrical sputtering target, photographing may be performed with a plurality of X-ray photographing films.
- the total area where no bonding material is present can be determined by various methods.
- the cylindrical sputtering target of the present invention is characterized in that the total area of locations where no bonding material is present is 10 cm 2 or less per 50 cm 2 of X-ray transmission photograph area.
- the defects in the bonding layer is 2 cm 2 or less per 50 cm 2 of X-ray transmission photographic area, and more preferably 1 cm 2 or less per 50 cm 2 of X-ray transmission photographic area.
- the maximum area of the portion where the bonding material does not exist can be similarly measured by the above-described method.
- the cylindrical sputtering target of the present invention is characterized in that the maximum area of a portion where no bonding material is present in an X-ray transmission photograph is 9 cm 2 or less.
- the maximum area of the place where the bonding material does not exist is preferably 1 cm 2 or less.
- the maximum area where there is no bonding material refers to the maximum area among the areas where there are a plurality of positions where no bonding material exists in one cylindrical sputtering target.
- the volume of the cavity at the melting point of the bonding material is the volume that can be filled with the molten bonding material at the melting point, and this value is the melting point of the bonding material and the thermal expansion coefficient of the cylindrical target material and the cylindrical base material. , And dimensions.
- the volume at 25 ° C. of the bonding material filled in the cavity can be calculated by dividing the weight increased by filling the bonding material by the bonding material density at 25 ° C. That is, the volume ratio of both can be calculated by the following formula.
- Volume ratio (%) (volume of bonding material filled in cavity at 25 ° C./volume of cavity at melting point of bonding material) ⁇ 100 The volume ratio of both changes depending on the material of the bonding material. Conventionally, even if there is no bubble and the bonding material is ideally filled, the bonding material is in the liquid phase (molten) state and the cooled solid phase state. Due to the difference in density and thermal expansion, only a maximum value of 94 to 96% can be obtained, and the value was actually lower than the above value due to the reason that air bubbles were involved at the time of filling.
- the cylindrical sputtering target of the present invention is characterized in that the volume ratio is 96% or more.
- the volume ratio between the two is preferably 98% or more, and more preferably 100% or more.
- the target of the present invention satisfies the above-mentioned conditions in both the total area and the maximum area where no bonding material exists in the X-ray transmission photograph. Furthermore, what satisfies the above-mentioned volume ratio is preferable. Such a cylindrical sputtering target can further reduce the generation of cracks, chips, abnormal discharges, and nodules.
- any material that is generally used as a solder material can be used.
- Low melting point solder is preferred, and specific examples include In, In alloy, Sn, Sn alloy and the like. Of these, In and In alloys are preferable as the bonding material.
- the ceramic cylindrical target material can be used as the ceramic cylindrical target material.
- an oxide mainly composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of In, Sn, Zn, Al, Ta, Nb, and Ti can be given. More specifically, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), AZO (Aluminum Zinc Oxide), IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), Ta 2 O 5 , Nb 2 O 5 , TiO 2 and the like.
- ITO and AZO are suitable for the ceramic cylindrical target material of the present invention because they are easily cracked and chipped, and are used in flat panel display applications where generation of nodules is regarded as a problem.
- cylindrical base material examples include Cu, Ti, Al, Mo, alloys containing at least one of these metals, SUS, etc., and suitable thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, strength, etc. If it is equipped with. Of these, Ti, SUS and the like are preferable as the cylindrical base material.
- the ceramic cylindrical sputtering target of the present invention can be produced by the method of the present invention.
- Examples of a method for filling a cavity formed by a cylindrical base material and a cylindrical target material with a bonding material in a molten state include the following methods. For example, after placing a cylindrical target material on the outside of the cylindrical base material in advance, sealing the lower part of the gap between the cylindrical base material and the cylindrical target material, and pouring a molten bonding material from the upper part, There is a method in which one end of a cylindrical target material and a cylindrical base material is sealed, and the cylindrical base material is inserted into a cylindrical target material containing a molten bonding material.
- the vibration acceleration at this time is 0.05 G or more, preferably 0.1 G or more, and more preferably 1 G or more.
- the amplitude of vibration is 0.01 mm or more, preferably 0.03 mm or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but if the vibration is strong, the cylindrical target material may be displaced or the bonding material may leak from the sealing part. It is preferable that the vibration amplitude is 200 mm or less and the vibration amplitude is 1 mm or less.
- the method for applying vibration to the bonding material is not particularly limited, but a vibration table, a vibrator, or the like can be used.
- vibration is applied to the bonding material by applying vibration to the cylindrical base material rather than vibration to the cylindrical target material. It is preferable to add.
- a method of starting the cooling of the molten bonding material filled in the cavity formed by the cylindrical target material and the cylindrical base material from one end in the cylindrical axial direction and sequentially cooling toward the other end There are methods. For example, a plurality of heaters that can individually control the temperature are installed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical target material, thereby heating the entire cylindrical target material in advance, and then starting from one end in the cylindrical axis direction. Cooling may be started by gradually decreasing the heating toward the end or by canceling the heating. Accordingly, the bonding material is sequentially cooled from one end to the other end and solidifies.
- the cooling rate is not particularly limited, but if it is too slow, the productivity will decrease, and if it is too fast, cracks due to thermal shock may occur in the cylindrical target material. About 3 ° C./min is preferable, and 0.5 to 1.5 ° C./min is more preferable. Also, the temperature gradient when sequentially cooling from one end to the other is not particularly limited, but if it is too small, temperature control becomes difficult, and if it is too large, the cylindrical target material is affected by thermal shock. Since cracking may occur, the temperature is preferably about 0.1 to 3 ° C./cm, more preferably 0.4 to 1 ° C./cm. Note that the temperature of the bonding material is controlled so that the bonding material is once cooled to the melting point or lower and is not heated again to the melting point or higher. By doing so, the bonding layer defects can be further reduced.
- the method is appropriately added.
- examples thereof include a method, and a method of providing a bonding material supply unit in which a molten bonding material is stored in the upper part of the cavity and supplying the bonding material supply unit.
- a cylindrical jig having an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical base material is connected to the upper part of the cylindrical target material, and the cylindrical jig and the cylindrical base are connected.
- Example 1 Two cylindrical ITO target materials having an outer diameter of 98 mm ⁇ , an inner diameter of 78 mm ⁇ , and a length of 175 mm, and one cylindrical substrate made of SUS304 having an outer diameter of 76 mm ⁇ , an inner diameter of 70 mm ⁇ , and a length of 470 mm were prepared. Hold the cylindrical ITO target material with a jig so that the lower end of the cylindrical ITO target material is at a position 60 mm from the bottom of the cylindrical base material.
- Teflon (registered trademark) sheet, a cylindrical ITO target material, and Teflon (registered trademark) Sheets and aluminum jigs were laminated in this order.
- a heat-resistant O-ring (silicon O-ring) was placed at the lower end of the cylindrical ITO target material, and a load of 50 kgf was applied in the cylindrical axis direction from the upper part of the aluminum jig.
- Four ribbon heaters are wound outside the cylindrical ITO target material, and one ribbon heater is wound around an aluminum jig, and then heated to 180 ° C. From above the gap between the aluminum jig and the cylindrical base material.
- molten In was poured.
- the cylindrical substrate was vibrated with an electric vibrator so that sufficient In was distributed.
- the vibration acceleration at this time was 50 to 100 G, and the vibration amplitude was 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
- the temperature of the four ribbon heaters attached to the cylindrical ITO target material was lowered from the lower part to the upper part at intervals of 30 minutes at 0.42 ° C / min.
- the temperature of the cylindrical ITO target material was lowered to 130 ° C.
- the aluminum jig was heated to maintain 180 ° C., and In filled between the aluminum jig and the SUS304 cylindrical base material was kept in a molten state.
- the aluminum jig corresponds to a bonding material supply unit in which the molten bonding material is accumulated.
- the aluminum jig was also cooled to 130 ° C., and then the whole was cooled to 25 ° C. Thereafter, the whole was heated again to 50 ° C., and the Teflon (registered trademark) sheet inserted between the cylindrical ITO target material and the aluminum jig was removed. Then, after the whole was cooled again to 25 ° C., the aluminum jig and the In filled between the aluminum jig and the SUS304 cylindrical base material were removed to obtain a cylindrical ITO sputtering target. The ratio of the volume of In filled in the cavity at 25 ° C.
- Example 2 A cylindrical ITO sputtering target was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the bonding material was InSn, the temperature at which the bonding material was poured was 160 ° C., and the first temperature drop was 100 ° C. The ratio of the volume of filled InSn at 25 ° C. to the cavity volume formed by the cylindrical target material and the cylindrical substrate at the melting point of InSn was 98.3%.
- the maximum area of the portion where no bonding material was present was 1.0 cm 2
- the total area of the portion where no bonding material was present was an X-ray transmission photograph area of 50 cm. It was 1.9 cm 2 per 2 .
- no nodules or abnormal discharges were generated, and no cracks and chipping were observed until the life end.
- Example 3 A cylindrical AZO sputtering target was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the cylindrical target material was AZO.
- the ratio of the filled In volume at 25 ° C. to the cavity volume formed by the cylindrical target material and the cylindrical base material at the melting point of In was 100.2%.
- the maximum area of the portion where the bonding material did not exist was 0.5 cm 2
- the total area of the portion where the bonding material did not exist was an X-ray transmission photograph area of 50 cm. It was 1.2 cm 2 per 2 .
- no nodules or abnormal discharges were observed, and no cracks and chipping were observed until the end of life.
- Example 4 A cylindrical ITO sputtering target was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a weak vibration was applied when the bonding material was poured. At this time, the vibration acceleration was 0.1 to 6 G, and the vibration amplitude was 0.01 to 0.03 mm. The ratio of the filled In volume at 25 ° C. to the cavity volume formed by the cylindrical target material and the cylindrical base material at the melting point of In was 96.8%.
- the maximum area of the portion where no bonding material was present was 1.5 cm 2
- the total area of the portion where no bonding material was present was an X-ray transmission photograph area of 50 cm. It was 3.1 cm 2 per two .
- no nodules or abnormal discharges were generated, and no cracks and chipping were observed until the life end.
- Example 5 A cylindrical ITO sputtering target was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum jig was not used. The ratio of the filled In volume at 25 ° C. to the cavity volume formed by the cylindrical target material and the cylindrical base material at the melting point of In was 93.2%. When an X-ray transmission photograph was taken in the same manner as in Example 1, the maximum area of the portion where the bonding material did not exist was 7.0 cm 2 , and the total area of the portion where the bonding material did not exist was an X-ray transmission photograph area of 50 cm. It was 7.5 cm 2 per 2 .
- Comparative Example 1 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed, except that the temperature of the four ribbon heaters was started simultaneously at 0.42 ° C./min without using an aluminum jig, and the temperature of the entire cylindrical ITO target material was lowered uniformly.
- a cylindrical ITO sputtering target was prepared.
- the ratio of the filled In volume at 25 ° C. to the cavity volume formed by the cylindrical target material and the cylindrical substrate at the melting point of In was 87.6%.
- the maximum area of the portion where no bonding material was present was 5.8 cm 2
- the total area of the portion where no bonding material was present was an X-ray transmission photograph area of 50 cm. It was 10.6 cm 2 per two .
- Comparative Example 2 A cylindrical ITO sputtering target was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that no vibration was applied when flowing molten In.
- the ratio of the filled In volume at 25 ° C. to the cavity volume formed by the cylindrical target material and the cylindrical base material at the melting point of In was 82.1%.
- the maximum area of the portion where no bonding material was present was 9.7 cm 2
- the total area of the portion where no bonding material was present was an X-ray transmission photograph area of 50 cm. It was 12.5 cm 2 per 2 .
- the ceramic cylindrical sputtering target produced by the production method of the present invention is very flat in cracking, chipping, abnormal discharge, and nodule, and can be used with a high target usage efficiency and high film formation speed. Suitable for applications such as displays. It should be noted that the entire contents of the specification, claims, drawings and abstract of Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-152061 filed on June 10, 2008 are cited herein as disclosure of the specification of the present invention. Incorporated.
- Cylindrical target material Cylindrical substrate Cavity formed by a cylindrical target material and a cylindrical base material
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Abstract
Description
本発明のターゲットにおいて、セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材と円筒形基材とにより形成されるキャビティとは、図1における3の部分であり、ここに接合材が充填されている。
すなわち、両者の体積の比率は、以下の式により計算することができる。
体積の比率(%)=(キャビティに充填された接合材の25℃における体積/接合材の融点におけるキャビティの体積)×100
この両者の体積の比率は、接合材の材質により変化するが、従来は気泡がなく接合材が理想的に充填されたとしても、接合材の液相(溶融)状態と冷却された固相状態の密度差と熱膨張のために、最大で94~96%の値しか取りえず、実際には充填時に気泡を巻き込む等の理由により、前記数値より低い値であった。
中でも、In、In合金等が接合材として好ましい。
本発明のセラミックス円筒形スパッタリングターゲットは、本発明の方法により製造することができる。
実施例1
外径98mmφ、内径78mmφ、長さ175mmの円筒形ITOターゲット材2個と、外径76mmφ、内径70mmφ、長さ470mmのSUS304製円筒形基材1個を用意した。円筒形基材の下部より60mmの位置に円筒形ITOターゲット材の下端がくるように治具で保持し、その上に、テフロン(登録商標)シート、円筒形ITOターゲット材、テフロン(登録商標)シート、アルミニウム製治具(外径98mmφ、内径78mmφ、長さ40mm)の順に積層した。円筒形ITOターゲット材の下端に耐熱性Oリング(シリコン製のOリング)を配置し、アルミニウム製治具の上部から円筒軸方向に50kgfの荷重を加えた。円筒形ITOターゲット材の外部に4個のリボンヒーター、さらにアルミニウム製治具に1個のリボンヒーターを巻き付けた後、180℃まで加熱し、アルミニウム製治具と円筒形基材の間隙の上部より、溶融状態のInを流し込んだ。流し込みの際には、十分Inが行き渡るよう電動のバイブレーターで円筒形基材に振動を与えた。この時の振動加速度は50~100Gで、振動の振幅は0.1~0.2mmであった。アルミニウム製治具の上端までInを充填した後、円筒形ITOターゲット材に取り付けた4個のリボンヒーターを下部より上部に向かって順に30分間隔で、0.42℃/分で降温を開始し、円筒形ITOターゲット材を130℃まで降温させた。この降温の間、アルミニウム製治具は180℃を保持するよう加熱し、アルミニウム製治具とSUS304製円筒形基材の間に充填されたInは溶融状態を保っていた。なお、このアルミニウム製治具が溶融状態の接合材を溜めた接合材供給部に相当する。
接合材をInSnとし、接合材流し込み時の温度を160℃、1回目の降温を100℃としたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、円筒形ITOスパッタリングターゲットを作製した。InSnの融点における円筒形ターゲット材と円筒形基材とにより形成されるキャビティ体積に対する、充填されたInSnの25℃での体積の比率は98.3%であった。実施例1と同様にしてX線透過写真を撮影したところ、接合材が存在しない箇所の最大面積は1.0cm2であり、接合材が存在しない箇所の面積の合計はX線透過写真面積50cm2あたり1.9cm2であった。この円筒形ITOスパッタリングターゲットの放電試験を実施例1と同様に行った結果、ノジュールや異常放電の発生はなく、また、ライフエンドまで割れ、および欠けは認められなかった。
円筒形ターゲット材をAZOとしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、円筒形AZOスパッタリングターゲットを作製した。Inの融点における円筒形ターゲット材と円筒形基材とにより形成されるキャビティ体積に対する、充填されたInの25℃における体積の比率は100.2%であった。実施例1と同様にしてX線透過写真を撮影したところ、接合材が存在しない箇所の最大面積は0.5cm2であり、接合材が存在しない箇所の面積の合計はX線透過写真面積50cm2あたり1.2cm2であった。この円筒形AZOスパッタリングターゲットの放電試験を実施例1と同様に行った結果、ノジュールや異常放電の発生はなく、また、ライフエンドまで割れ、および欠けは認められなかった。
接合材流し込み時に弱めの振動を与えたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、円筒形ITOスパッタリングターゲットを作製した。この時の振動加速度は0.1~6Gで、振動の振幅は0.01~0.03mmであった。Inの融点における円筒形ターゲット材と円筒形基材とにより形成されるキャビティ体積に対する、充填されたInの25℃における体積の比率は96.8%であった。実施例1と同様にしてX線透過写真を撮影したところ、接合材が存在しない箇所の最大面積は1.5cm2であり、接合材が存在しない箇所の面積の合計はX線透過写真面積50cm2あたり3.1cm2であった。この円筒形ITOスパッタリングターゲットの放電試験を実施例1と同様に行った結果、ノジュールや異常放電の発生はなく、また、ライフエンドまで割れ、および欠けは認められなかった。
アルミニウム製治具を使用しないこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、円筒形ITOスパッタリングターゲットを作製した。Inの融点における円筒形ターゲット材と円筒形基材とにより形成されるキャビティ体積に対する、充填されたInの25℃における体積の比率は93.2%であった。実施例1と同様にしてX線透過写真を撮影したところ、接合材が存在しない箇所の最大面積は7.0cm2であり、接合材が存在しない箇所の面積の合計はX線透過写真面積50cm2あたり7.5cm2であった。この円筒形ITOスパッタリングターゲットの放電試験を実施例1と同様に行った結果、放電途中で極僅かのノジュールが発生したが、使用に差し支える程度ではなく、また、ライフエンドまで割れ、および欠けは認められなかった。
アルミニウム製治具を使用せず、4個のリボンヒーターを同時に0.42℃/分で降温を開始し、円筒形ITOターゲット材全体を均一に降温させたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、円筒形ITOスパッタリングターゲットを作製した。Inの融点における円筒形ターゲット材と円筒形基材とにより形成されるキャビティ体積に対する、充填されたInの25℃における体積の比率は87.6%であった。実施例1と同様にしてX線透過写真を撮影したところ、接合材が存在しない箇所の最大面積は5.8cm2であり、接合材が存在しない箇所の面積の合計はX線透過写真面積50cm2あたり10.6cm2であった。この円筒形ITOスパッタリングターゲットの放電試験を実施例1と同様に行った結果、放電途中でノジュール、および異常放電が発生し、また、使用途中に割れが発生した。
溶融状態のInを流し込む際に、振動を与えないこと以外は比較例1と同様にして、円筒形ITOスパッタリングターゲットを作製した。Inの融点における円筒形ターゲット材と円筒形基材とにより形成されるキャビティ体積に対する、充填されたInの25℃における体積の比率は82.1%であった。実施例1と同様にしてX線透過写真を撮影したところ、接合材が存在しない箇所の最大面積は9.7cm2であり、接合材が存在しない箇所の面積の合計はX線透過写真面積50cm2あたり12.5cm2であった。この円筒形ITOスパッタリングターゲットの放電試験を実施例1と同様に行った結果、放電途中でノジュール、および異常放電が発生し、また、使用途中に割れが発生した。
なお、2008年6月10日に出願された日本特許出願2008-152061号の明細書、特許請求の範囲、図面及び要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の明細書の開示として、取り入れるものである。
2.円筒形基材
3.円筒形ターゲット材と円筒形基材とにより形成されるキャビティ
Claims (10)
- セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材と円筒形基材とにより形成されたキャビティに接合材が充填されているセラミックス円筒形スパッタリングターゲットであって、
接合材のX線透過写真で、接合材が存在しない箇所の合計面積がX線透過写真面積50cm2あたり10cm2以下、かつ接合材が存在しない箇所の最大面積が9cm2以下であることを特徴とするターゲット。 - 接合材の融点におけるキャビティの体積に対する、キャビティに充填された接合材の25℃における体積の比率が、96%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のターゲット。
- 前記体積の比率が98%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載のターゲット。
- 前記体積の比率が100%以上であることを特徴とする、請求項2又は3に記載のターゲット。
- 接合材がIn、In合金、Sn、またはSn合金であることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のターゲット。
- セラミックス円筒形ターゲット材が、ITOまたはAZOであることを特徴とする、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のターゲット。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のターゲットを製造する方法であって、キャビティに溶融状態の接合材を充填し、円筒軸方向の一端より冷却を開始し他端に向けて順次冷却し、冷却中にさらに溶融状態の接合材をキャビティに供給することを特徴とするターゲットの製造方法。
- 冷却を開始する円筒軸方向の一端とは反対側の端から溶融状態の接合材をキャビティに供給して充填することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 冷却中に、溶融状態の接合材を溜めた接合材供給部から接合材をキャビティに供給して充填することを特徴とする、請求項7又は8に記載の製造方法。
- 接合材をキャビティに充填するとき又は充填後に、キャビティに充填した溶融状態の接合材に振動を加えることを特徴とする、請求項7から9のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
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| CN2009801154593A CN102016111B (zh) | 2008-06-10 | 2009-06-09 | 圆筒形溅射靶及其制造方法 |
| US12/997,043 US20110100808A1 (en) | 2008-06-10 | 2009-06-09 | Cylindrical sputtering target and process for producing the same |
| EP09762490.2A EP2290121B2 (en) | 2008-06-10 | 2009-06-09 | Cylindrical sputtering target and method for manufacturing the same |
| US14/979,768 US10366870B2 (en) | 2008-06-10 | 2015-12-28 | Cylindrical sputtering target and process for producing the same |
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| US14/979,768 Division US10366870B2 (en) | 2008-06-10 | 2015-12-28 | Cylindrical sputtering target and process for producing the same |
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| CN (1) | CN102016111B (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY153711A (ja) |
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| JP5750060B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-18 | 2015-07-15 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | セラミックス円筒形スパッタリングターゲット材およびその製造方法 |
| JP5952653B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-26 | 2016-07-13 | 株式会社コベルコ科研 | ターゲット接合体 |
| JP6332078B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-24 | 2018-05-30 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 円筒形スパッタリングターゲットの製造方法 |
| JP5909006B1 (ja) | 2015-03-23 | 2016-04-26 | Jx金属株式会社 | 円筒型スパッタリングターゲット及びその製造方法 |
| JP6677853B1 (ja) * | 2019-02-07 | 2020-04-08 | 住友化学株式会社 | スパッタリングターゲット、ターゲット材とバッキングプレートを接合する方法およびスパッタリングターゲットの製造方法 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012070882A3 (ko) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-09-27 | 플란제 에스이 | 스퍼터링용 로터리 타겟의 접합 조성물 및 이를 이용한 로터리 타겟의 접합방법 |
| CN102383100A (zh) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-03-21 | 宁波江丰电子材料有限公司 | 防止反溅射物质剥落的靶材及膜层的形成方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2290121B1 (en) | 2014-03-12 |
| MY153711A (en) | 2015-03-13 |
| JP2010018883A (ja) | 2010-01-28 |
| KR101631722B1 (ko) | 2016-06-17 |
| EP2290121A1 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
| US10366870B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 |
| US20160141159A1 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
| JP5725101B2 (ja) | 2015-05-27 |
| KR20110025169A (ko) | 2011-03-09 |
| JP5387118B2 (ja) | 2014-01-15 |
| CN102016111A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
| EP2290121A4 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
| EP2290121B2 (en) | 2018-03-21 |
| CN102016111B (zh) | 2013-04-24 |
| TWI440732B (zh) | 2014-06-11 |
| US20110100808A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
| TW201012957A (en) | 2010-04-01 |
| JP2013249544A (ja) | 2013-12-12 |
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