WO2010131473A1 - リチウム二次電池用負極活物質、リチウム二次電池用負極電極、それらを用いた車載用リチウム二次電池、及びリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用負極活物質、リチウム二次電池用負極電極、それらを用いた車載用リチウム二次電池、及びリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010131473A1 WO2010131473A1 PCT/JP2010/003249 JP2010003249W WO2010131473A1 WO 2010131473 A1 WO2010131473 A1 WO 2010131473A1 JP 2010003249 W JP2010003249 W JP 2010003249W WO 2010131473 A1 WO2010131473 A1 WO 2010131473A1
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- lithium secondary
- secondary battery
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- coke
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
- H01M4/623—Binders being polymers fluorinated polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/8684—Negative electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery, an in-vehicle lithium secondary battery using them, and a method for producing a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery.
- Lithium secondary batteries have high energy density compared to other secondary batteries, so they can be reduced in size and weight, so mobile phones, personal computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs) and personal digital assistants (PDAs) It is widely used as a power source for mobile electronic devices such as handy video cameras, and its demand is expected to increase in the future.
- hybrid electric vehicles that combine a gasoline engine with an electric vehicle or a motor driven by a nickel metal hydride battery have been developed and the number of such vehicles is increasing. .
- HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle
- lithium secondary batteries are attracting attention as a means of meeting this demand.
- a carbon material that is excellent in terms of safety and life is generally used as a negative electrode material (negative electrode active material).
- graphite material is an excellent material with high energy density, which is obtained at a high temperature of at least about 2,000 ° C., usually about 2,600 to 3,000 ° C., but has high input / output characteristics. And has problems with cycle characteristics. For this reason, for example, for high input / output applications such as power storage and electric vehicles, the use of a low-crystalline carbon material that is fired at a temperature lower than that of the graphite material and has a low degree of graphitization is mainly studied.
- the characteristics of the lithium secondary battery are required to sufficiently reduce the potential on the negative electrode side to improve the actual battery voltage and exhibit sufficiently high output characteristics.
- the discharge capacity of the lithium secondary battery can be raised as an important characteristic so that the current that is the energy source of the hybrid electric vehicle can be sufficiently supplied.
- the ratio of the charge capacity to the discharge capacity, that is, the initial efficiency is required to be high so that the discharge current amount is sufficiently higher than the charge current amount.
- the lithium secondary battery preferably maintains a high charge capacity up to a high current density, and a high capacity maintenance rate is also required. That is, it is required to improve such characteristics as output characteristics, discharge capacity, initial efficiency, capacity maintenance ratio and the like in a balanced manner.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a carbonaceous material that defines a specific specific surface area, an X-ray diffraction crystal thickness, and the like obtained by pyrolysis or calcining carbonization of an organic compound as a negative electrode material using intercalation or doping.
- HEV in-vehicle applications
- Patent Document 2 discloses a carbon material having a relatively high discharge capacity with excellent recycling characteristics by removing impurities by heat treatment in an inert atmosphere using coke calcined as a negative electrode material. However, it has not been sufficient in terms of output characteristics and the like in in-vehicle applications such as for HEV.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that a carbonaceous material obtained by providing a specific coating layer on a carbonaceous material having a graphite-like structure and heat-treating it as a negative electrode material
- Patent Document 4 discloses a low-temperature material as a negative electrode material.
- Carbon materials having a relatively high discharge capacity have been disclosed by removing impurities to a higher degree by heat-treating in an inert atmosphere using coke heat-treated as a raw material. It did not have sufficient battery characteristics for in-vehicle applications.
- Patent Document 5 discloses that a lithium secondary battery having a large charge / discharge capacity can be supplied by using heat-treated coke obtained by heat-treating raw coke of petroleum or coal at 500 to 850 ° C. as a negative electrode material. However, it was not sufficient in terms of output characteristics in in-vehicle applications such as for HEV.
- JP 62-90863 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-221859 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-5287 JP-A-8-102324 JP-A-9-320602
- the present invention can sufficiently improve the output characteristics of a lithium secondary battery, and has novel characteristics that are practically required for in-vehicle applications such as for HEV including discharge capacity, initial efficiency, and capacity maintenance ratio. It aims at obtaining a negative electrode active material.
- coal-based raw coke and the coal-based calcined coke are mixed at a weight ratio of 90:10 to 10:90 is calcined.
- the negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery is characterized in that the potential of the negative electrode of the lithium secondary battery can be sufficiently reduced to improve the actual battery voltage, output characteristics, discharge capacity, initial efficiency
- the present invention was completed by finding out that it has practical characteristics required for in-vehicle use such as capacity retention rate.
- coal-based coke refers to petroleum-based and / or coal-based heavy oil, for example, using a coking facility such as a delayed coker, and the maximum temperature reached is about 400 ° C. to 700 ° C. It means a product obtained by carrying out a thermal decomposition / polycondensation reaction for about 24 hours.
- coal-based calcined coke means a product obtained by subjecting coal-based coking coke to calcination treatment, and a petroleum system calcined at a maximum temperature of about 800 ° C. to 1500 ° C. and / or It means coal-based coke.
- the output characteristics of a lithium secondary battery can be sufficiently improved, and have practical characteristics required for in-vehicle applications such as for HEV including discharge capacity, initial efficiency, and capacity maintenance ratio, and performance.
- a negative electrode active material excellent in balance can be provided.
- the negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention is prepared by first using a coal-based heavy oil, for example, a coking facility such as a delayed coker, at a maximum temperature of about 400 ° C. to 700 ° C. for about 24 hours. Coal coke is obtained by advancing thermal decomposition and polycondensation reaction. Thereafter, the obtained coal-based raw coke mass is pulverized to a predetermined size.
- An industrially used pulverizer can be used for the pulverization. Specific examples include an atomizer, a Raymond mill, an impeller mill, a ball mill, a cutter mill, a jet mill, and a hybridizer, but are not particularly limited thereto.
- the heavy coal oil used here may be either a heavy petroleum oil or a heavy coal oil, but the heavy heavy oil is richer in aromaticity.
- the coal-based raw coke obtained as described above is calcined at a maximum temperature of 800 ° C. to 1500 ° C. to produce coal-based calcined coke.
- the range is preferably 1000 ° C to 1500 ° C, more preferably 1200 ° C to 1500 ° C.
- equipment such as lead hammer furnace, shuttle furnace, tunnel furnace, rotary kiln, roller hearth kiln or microwave capable of mass heat treatment can be used, but it is particularly limited to this. is not. Further, these firing facilities may be either a continuous type or a batch type.
- the obtained coal-based calcined coke lump is pulverized to a predetermined size using a pulverizer such as an industrially used atomizer in the same manner as described above.
- the size of the pulverized coal-based raw coke powder and the coal-based calcined coke powder is not particularly limited, but the average particle size required as the median diameter is more preferably 5 to 15 ⁇ m, At this time, the BET specific surface area is more preferably 5 m 2 / g or less. When the average particle diameter is less than 5 ⁇ m, the specific surface area increases excessively, and the initial efficiency of the obtained lithium secondary battery may be reduced. On the other hand, when the average particle diameter exceeds 15 ⁇ m, the charge / discharge characteristics of the lithium secondary battery may be deteriorated. If the BET specific surface area exceeds 5 m 2 / g, as described above, the specific surface area may increase excessively and the initial efficiency of the lithium secondary battery may be reduced.
- the BET specific surface area is desirably about 2 m 2 / g or more from the viewpoint of forming fine pores.
- the coal-based raw coke powder and the coal-based calcined coke powder obtained as described above are blended at a predetermined ratio.
- the blending amount of the coal-based raw coke powder and the coal-based calcined coke powder is preferably, for example, 90:10 to 10:90 by weight, and more preferably 70:30 to 30:70. Is preferred.
- the ratio of calcined coke such as coal-based is increased, the potential on the negative electrode side of the lithium secondary battery can be sufficiently reduced, and the output characteristics are improved by improving the actual battery characteristics.
- the proportion of raw coke such as coal-based is increased, discharge capacity and initial efficiency are improved.
- the content of calcined coke such as coal-based or the like is preferably 50% or more, although it depends on which characteristics are required to be high.
- the ratio of raw coke powder such as coal-based and calcined coke powder such as coal-based is out of the above range, the potential of the negative electrode made of a lithium secondary battery negative electrode active material cannot be sufficiently reduced, and the actual battery voltage is reduced. In some cases, the output characteristics cannot be improved and sufficiently high output characteristics cannot be obtained. Moreover, the resistance value of the lithium secondary battery at the end of charge / discharge may increase, and stable charge / discharge characteristics may not be exhibited.
- the firing temperature is preferably 800 ° C. or higher and 1400 ° C. or lower at the highest temperature reached.
- the range is preferably 900 ° C to 1200 ° C, more preferably 900 ° C to 1100 ° C.
- the firing temperature exceeds the upper limit, the crystal growth of the coke material is excessively promoted and adversely affects the battery characteristic balance, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of mass productivity.
- the firing temperature is lower than the lower limit, sufficient crystal growth cannot be performed and the battery characteristic balance tends to be adversely affected.
- the holding time at the highest temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30 minutes or more.
- the firing atmosphere is not particularly limited, but may be an inert gas atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen, a non-oxidizing atmosphere in a non-sealed state such as a rotary kiln, or a non-oxidizing atmosphere in a sealed state such as a lead hammer furnace. An oxidizing atmosphere may be used.
- a lithium-containing transition metal oxide LiM (1) x O 2 (wherein x is 0 ⁇ x) ⁇ 1 in the range, wherein M (1) represents a transition metal and consists of at least one of Co, Ni, Mn, Ti, Cr, V, Fe, Zn, Al, Sn, In)
- LiM (1) y M (2) 2-y O 4 (wherein y is a numerical value in the range of 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, where M (1) and M (2) represent a transition metal.
- Examples of the electrolyte filling the space between the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be used, for example LiClO 4, LiBF 4, LiPF 6 , LiAsF 6, LiB (C 6 H 5), LiCl , LiBr, Li 3 SO 3 , Li (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N, Li (CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C, Li) CF 3 CH 2 OSO 2 ) 2 N, Li (CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 OSO 2 ) 2 N, Li (HCF 2 CF 2 CH 2 OSO 2 ) 2 N, Li ((CF 3 ) 2 CHOSO 2 ) 2 N, LiB [C 6 H 3 (CF 3 ) 2 ] 4, etc. Mention may be made of mixtures of more than one species.
- non-aqueous electrolyte examples include propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, chloroethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, 1,1-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2 -Diethoxyethane, ⁇ -butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, anisole, diethyl ether, sulfolane, methylsulfolane, acetonitrile, chloronitrile, propionitrile , Trimethyl borate, tetramethyl silicate, nitromethane, dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, ethyl acetate, trimethylorthoformate, nitrobenzene , Benzoyl chloride, benzoyl bromid
- a fluorine resin powder such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or a polyimide (PI) resin, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PI polyimide
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- a slurry is prepared, applied onto a current collector, and dried.
- Example 1 Using a refined pitch from which heavy quinoline insolubles have been removed from coal-based heavy oil, bulk coke produced by heat treatment at a temperature of 500 ° C. for 24 hours by a delayed coking method (raw coke) is obtained.
- the raw coke pieces fine pulverized raw coke having an average particle diameter of 9.9 ⁇ m were obtained.
- the bulk raw coke obtained as described above is heat-treated for 1 hour or more at a temperature from the inlet temperature of 700 ° C. to the outlet temperature of 1500 ° C. (maximum temperature reached) by a rotary kiln to obtain a massive calcined coke.
- the coke material in which 70 parts by weight of raw coke powder obtained as described above and 30 parts by weight of calcined coke powder (100 parts by weight of coke material) are mixed is heated from room temperature at a rate of 600 ° C./hour. Then, after reaching 900 ° C. (maximum temperature reached), carbonization treatment (firing) was further performed for 2 hours to obtain a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- a solution of LiPF 6 dissolved in a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate (volume ratio of 1: 1) at a concentration of 1 mol / l is used, and a coin cell is formed using a porous membrane of propylene as a separator.
- the lithium secondary battery was manufactured.
- the discharge characteristics when a constant current discharge of 5 mA / cm 2 was carried out in a voltage range where the lower limit voltage of terminal voltage was 0 V and the upper limit voltage of discharge was 1.5 V at a constant temperature of 25 ° C. were examined. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 Example 3
- Example 2 Example 2
- Example 3 Example 3
- the same operation as 1 was performed to obtain a lithium secondary battery. Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Using a coke material of 100 parts by weight of raw coke powder (not containing calcined coke powder), the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to obtain a lithium secondary battery. Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 (Comparative Example 2) Using a coke material of 100 parts by weight of calcined coke powder (without blending raw coke powder), the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to obtain a lithium secondary battery. Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 lithium secondary batteries were obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, except that the firing temperature (maximum temperature reached) of the coke material was changed from 900 ° C. to 1000 ° C. Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 (Comparative Example 3) Using a coke material of 100 parts by weight of raw coke powder (not containing calcined coke powder), the same operation as in Example 4 was performed to obtain a lithium secondary battery. Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 Using a coke material of 100 parts by weight of calcined coke powder (without blending raw coke powder), the same operation as in Example 4 was performed to obtain a lithium secondary battery. Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 to 9 lithium secondary batteries were obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, except that the firing temperature (maximum temperature reached) of the coke material was changed from 900 ° C. to 1100 ° C. Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 (Comparative Example 5) Using a coke material of 100 parts by weight of raw coke powder (not containing calcined coke powder), the same operation as in Example 7 was performed to obtain a lithium secondary battery. Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 (Comparative Example 6) Using a coke material of 100 parts by weight of calcined coke powder (without blending raw coke powder), the same operation as in Example 7 was performed to obtain a lithium secondary battery. Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the discharge capacity (mAh / g) decreases as the blending ratio of calcined coke to raw coke increases.
- the initial efficiency (%) is not particularly dependent, but it can be seen that it shows a high value of about 80 (mAh / g) or more.
- the performance balance of output characteristics, discharge capacity, initial efficiency and capacity maintenance rate is good.
- the output characteristic (W) is 10 W or more and the discharge capacity (mAh / g) is 250 (mAh / g).
- the carbon material for a negative electrode material of a lithium secondary battery (lithium secondary battery) having good discharge characteristics with an initial efficiency (%) of 80 (%) or more and a capacity retention ratio (%) of 70 (%) or more It can be seen that a negative electrode active material) is obtained.
- Comparative Examples 1, 3 and 5 are cases where a coke material composed only of raw coke powder (not containing calcined coke) is used.
- the initial efficiency (%) is 80 (% It can be seen that the characteristics are inferior to those of the examples according to the present invention. It can be seen that the capacity retention rate is also inferior in the characteristics at each firing temperature as compared to the examples according to the present invention.
- Comparative Examples 2, 4 and 6 are cases in which a coke material composed only of calcined coke powder (not mixed with raw coke) is used. In these cases, the discharge capacity (mAh / g) is 250. It is less than (mAh / g), and it can be seen that the characteristics are inferior compared to the examples according to the present invention.
- Example 10 A lithium secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the binder used in producing the negative electrode foil was changed from polyvinylidene fluoride to a polyimide resin (manufactured by Ube Industries). Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2. For comparison, the results relating to Example 2 are also shown in Table 2.
- Example 11 A lithium secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the binder used for producing the negative electrode foil was changed from polyvinylidene fluoride to a polyimide resin (manufactured by Ube Industries). Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2. For comparison, the results regarding Example 5 are also shown in Table 2.
- Example 12 A lithium secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 8, except that the binder used in producing the negative electrode foil was changed from polyvinylidene fluoride to polyimide resin (manufactured by Ube Industries). Further, the discharge characteristics were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2. For comparison, the results regarding Example 8 are also shown in Table 2.
- DOD depth of discharge: Depth of Discharge
- the output characteristic (W) is 13 W or more
- the discharge capacity (mAh / g) is 260 (mAh / g) or more
- the initial efficiency (%) is 81 (%) or more
- the capacity retention rate (%) It can be seen that a carbon material for a negative electrode material of a lithium secondary battery (a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery) exhibiting good discharge characteristics of 80% or more can be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
石炭系重質油よりキノリン不溶分を除去した精製ピッチを用い、ディレードコーキング法によって500℃の温度で24時間熱処理して製造した塊状コークス(生コークス)を得、ジェットミルにて微粉砕及び整粒し、平均粒径が9.9μmの生コークス片(微粉砕生コークス)を得た。
実施例1において、生コークス粉及びか焼コークス粉の配合比を重量で70:30からそれぞれ50:50(実施例2)、及び30:70(実施例3)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の操作を行い、リチウム二次電池を得た。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
生コークス粉100重量部(か焼コークス粉を配合しない)のコークス材料を使用し、実施例1と同様の操作を行い、リチウム二次電池を得た。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
か焼コークス粉100重量部(生コークス粉を配合しない)のコークス材料を使用し、実施例1と同様の操作を行い、リチウム二次電池を得た。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1~3において、コークス材料の焼成温度(最高到達温度)を900℃から1000℃に変更した以外は、それぞれ実施例1~3と同様の操作を行い、リチウム二次電池を得た。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
生コークス粉100重量部(か焼コークス粉を配合しない)のコークス材料を使用し、実施例4と同様の操作を行い、リチウム二次電池を得た。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
か焼コークス粉100重量部(生コークス粉を配合しない)のコークス材料を使用し、実施例4と同様の操作を行い、リチウム二次電池を得た。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1~3において、コークス材料の焼成温度(最高到達温度)を900℃から1100℃に変更した以外は、それぞれ実施例1~3と同様の操作を行い、リチウム二次電池を得た。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
生コークス粉100重量部(か焼コークス粉を配合しない)のコークス材料を使用し、実施例7と同様の操作を行い、リチウム二次電池を得た。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
か焼コークス粉100重量部(生コークス粉を配合しない)のコークス材料を使用し、実施例7と同様の操作を行い、リチウム二次電池を得た。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表1に示す。
負極電極箔を作製する際に用いるバインダーをポリフッ化ビニリデンからポリイミド樹脂(宇部興産社製)に代えた以外は、実施例2と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製した。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表2に示す。なお、比較のため、実施例2に関する結果も併せて表2に示す。
負極電極箔を作製する際に用いるバインダーをポリフッ化ビニリデンからポリイミド樹脂(宇部興産社製)に代えた以外は、実施例5と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製した。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表2に示す。なお、比較のため、実施例5に関する結果も併せて表2に示す。
負極電極箔を作製する際に用いるバインダーをポリフッ化ビニリデンからポリイミド樹脂(宇部興産社製)に代えた以外は、実施例8と同様にしてリチウム二次電池を作製した。また、実施例1と同様にして放電特性を調べた。結果を表2に示す。なお、比較のため、実施例8に関する結果も併せて表2に示す。
Claims (15)
- 石炭系及び又は石油系(以下、石炭系等という)生コークス及び前記石炭系等か焼コークスが、重量比で90:10~10:90に配合されたコークス材料を、焼成してなることを特徴とする、リチウム二次電池負極活物質。
- 前記生コークス及び前記か焼コークスが粉砕された粉末状であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載のリチウム二次電池負極活物質。
- 前記生コークス及び前記か焼コークスの平均粒子径が、5μm~15μmの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項2記載のリチウム二次電池負極活物質。
- 前記生コークス及び前記か焼コークスのBET比表面積が、5m2/g以下であることを特徴とする、請求項2又は3記載のリチウム二次電池負極活物質。
- 前記石炭系等生コークスと前記石炭系等か焼コークスとの配合比が、重量比で70:30~30:70であることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のリチウム二次電池負極活物質。
- 前記焼成は、800℃~1400℃の温度で実施することを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のリチウム二次電池負極活物質。
- 出力特性(W)が10W以上、放電容量(mAh/g)が250(mAh/g)以上、初期効率(%)が80(%)以上、及び容量維持率(%)が70(%)以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のリチウム二次電池負極活物質。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のリチウム二次電池負極活物質と、このリチウム負極活物質に対するバインダーとを備えることを特徴とする、リチウム二次電池負極電極。
- 前記バインダーは、ポリフッ化ビニリデン及びポリイミドの少なくとも一方であることを特徴とする、請求項8記載のリチウム二次電池負極電極。
- 前記バインダーは、ポリイミドであることを特徴とする、請求項9記載のリチウム二次電池負極電極。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のリチウム二次電池負極活物質を用いた車載用二次電池。
- ハイブリッド自動車、電気自動車用途であることを特徴とする請求項11記載の車載用二次電池。
- 石炭系及び又は石油系(以下、石炭系等という)生コークス及び前記石炭系等か焼コークスを、重量比で90:10~10:90に配合してコークス材料を調整する工程と、
前記コークス材料を焼成する工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする、リチウム二次電池負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記コークス材料を調整する際に、前記石炭系等生コークスを粉砕して粉末状とすることを特徴とする、請求項13記載のリチウム二次電池負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記焼成は、800℃~1400℃の温度で実施することを特徴とする、請求項13又は14記載のリチウム二次電池負極活物質の製造方法。
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| KR1020117029921A KR101840054B1 (ko) | 2009-05-15 | 2010-05-13 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질, 리튬 이차전지용 음극 전극, 그들을 이용한 차량 탑재용 리튬 이차전지, 및 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질의 제조방법 |
| EP10774732.1A EP2432052B1 (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2010-05-13 | Anode active material for lithium secondary batteries, anode electrode for lithium secondary batteries, in-vehicle lithium secondary battery using said anode active material and anode electrode, and method for manufacturing an anode active material for lithium secondary batteries |
| US13/319,402 US9806342B2 (en) | 2009-05-15 | 2010-05-13 | Negative electrode active material of lithium secondary battery, negative electrode of lithium secondary battery, lithium secondary battery for vehicle installation using the negative electrode active material and negative electrode, and method for manufacturing the negative electrode active material |
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| KR20120105019A (ko) * | 2009-12-02 | 2012-09-24 | 신닛테츠가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 이차 전지용 음극 및 이것을 사용한 이차 전지 |
| CN109314242B (zh) * | 2016-06-15 | 2022-02-11 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 负极组合物、制备负极的方法及锂离子电池 |
| CN110718690B (zh) * | 2018-07-12 | 2022-07-12 | 宝武碳业科技股份有限公司 | 一种基于针状焦生焦和煅后焦的电池负极材料的制备方法 |
| KR102141060B1 (ko) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-08-04 | 주식회사 포스코 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질의 전구체, 이의 제조방법 |
| KR102953610B1 (ko) * | 2020-10-30 | 2026-04-15 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질, 음극 및 리튬 이차전지 |
| CN116745464A (zh) * | 2021-01-26 | 2023-09-12 | Arq互联网有限公司 | 改进的用于碳复合材料的粘结剂沥青 |
| KR102682850B1 (ko) * | 2021-09-10 | 2024-07-09 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 음극 활물질의 제조방법, 음극 및 이차전지 |
| CN117239122A (zh) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-12-15 | 湖南中科星城石墨有限公司 | 一种高容量快充石墨负极材料及其制备方法和用途 |
| TWI816598B (zh) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-09-21 | 台灣中油股份有限公司 | 負極碳材的製法及其鋰離子二次電池 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102428595A (zh) | 2012-04-25 |
| TWI520419B (zh) | 2016-02-01 |
| EP2432052A4 (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| CN102428595B (zh) | 2016-01-27 |
| EP2432052B1 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
| US20120112126A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
| KR20120028920A (ko) | 2012-03-23 |
| KR101840054B1 (ko) | 2018-03-19 |
| JP2010287557A (ja) | 2010-12-24 |
| EP2432052A1 (en) | 2012-03-21 |
| JP5603589B2 (ja) | 2014-10-08 |
| US9806342B2 (en) | 2017-10-31 |
| TW201108495A (en) | 2011-03-01 |
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