WO2011115514A2 - Panneau stratifié en céramique comportant du liège et des fibres - Google Patents

Panneau stratifié en céramique comportant du liège et des fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011115514A2
WO2011115514A2 PCT/PT2011/000007 PT2011000007W WO2011115514A2 WO 2011115514 A2 WO2011115514 A2 WO 2011115514A2 PT 2011000007 W PT2011000007 W PT 2011000007W WO 2011115514 A2 WO2011115514 A2 WO 2011115514A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cork
layer
ceramic
material layer
fibre
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/PT2011/000007
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English (en)
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WO2011115514A3 (fr
Inventor
José António Teixeira COELHO
António Geraldo Do Bem Fernandes DE SOUSA LAMAS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aleluia Ceramicas Sa
AMORIM CORK COMPOSITES SA
Original Assignee
Aleluia Ceramicas Sa
AMORIM CORK COMPOSITES SA
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Publication of WO2011115514A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011115514A2/fr
Publication of WO2011115514A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011115514A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/08—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/181—Insulating layers integrally formed with the flooring or the flooring elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/04—4 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/05—5 or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/72—Density
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B32B2419/04—Tiles for floors or walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
    • E04F2290/041—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise
    • E04F2290/043—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise with a bottom layer for sound insulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ceramic and cork material based laminated panels, compatibilized with fibres. More particularly, the invention relates to lightened ceramic panels, with improved mechanical and insulation properties, for application, for instance, in the construction industry.
  • the flooring market has recently shown a strong growth and development of products that take into consideration simultaneously comfort, resistance and aesthetics requirements.
  • the ceramic materials are not very prone to be combined with other materials. That is one of the reasons why this industry is more conservative in relation to product variability. Thus it is less frequent the marketing of laminated products including ceramic materials than of wooden and/or cork laminated products.
  • the choice of a ceramic floor is usually associated to applications that require easiness of washing and high surface resistance (wear, scratching, etc.), as for instance in exterior floors, kitchens and bathrooms. Contrary to wooden and/or cork laminated floors, these ceramic floors have the disadvantage of being difficult to install and not having good insulation properties.
  • Wooden and/or cork based floating laminated panels are usually chosen when acoustic and impact insulation is needed, in addition to aesthetic and comfort aspects. These laminated panels are often used in indoor floors, like bedrooms, sitting rooms, etc. However, these products do not have properties of ceramic floors, like mechanic and chemical resistance as well as waterproofing and easiness of cleaning.
  • Spanish Patent ES 2158759B1 by Cantabria University, published iii 01-09-2001 and entitled "Ceramic Component for Partitions and Enclosures, in particular an Acoustic and/or Thermal Insulation Component", discloses a ceramic component made of three layers arranged in "sandwich” , wherein the two outer layers are made of ceramics and the inner layer is a material having acoustic and thermal insulation characteristics.
  • the present invention discloses laminated panels made of layers of ceramic and cork material, having intermediate fibre layers to compatibilize the former layers.
  • the present invention provides laminated elements for floors and walls, among others, that combine characteristics of thermal, acoustic and impact insulation, with a high resistance to wear, scratching and crack, associating the advantages of floating laminated indoor floors with those of ceramic material traditional floors. Moreover, for an identical mechanical performance, a laminated panel of the present invention is lighter than a conventional floor tile of ceramic material.
  • the laminated panels of the present invention have improved mechanical and insulation properties that allow significant weight reduction of floors while guaranteeing thermal and acoustic insulation.
  • the present invention discloses a ceramic and cork panel comprising a ceramic material layer (1), a cork material layer (3) and a fibre material layer (2) arranged between the ceramic (1) and cork (3) material layers.
  • said panel further comprises another fibre layer (4), arranged on the outer face of the cork layer (3) opposed to the outer face of the ceramic material layer (1).
  • this panel has the following characteristics: the ceramic material layer (1 ) has a thickness between about 1.0 mm and 16.0 mm, the fibre layers (2, 4) are formed by at least a fabric or non- oven fabric selected from the group consisting of natural fibres and glass, carbon and basalt fibres, wherein said fabric or non-woven fabric has a grammage higher than 80 g/m 2 , and the Cork material layer (3) has a thickness between about 0.5 mm and 25.0 mm and a density between about 100 kg/nr and 1300 kg/m 3 .
  • the previous panel further comprises a polymeric material layer or radiating electric layer (5) between the fibre layer (2) and the cork material layer (3).
  • the panel further comprises a polymeric material or radiating electric layer (5) between the fibre layer (2) and the ceramic material layer (1).
  • the panel has the following characteristics: layer (1) is porcelanate, layers (2, 4) are fibre glass fabric and layer (3) is agglomerated cork.
  • the panel has the following characteristics: the porcelanate layer (1) has a thickness of about 4.5 mm, the fibre glass layers (2, 4) have a grammage of about 300 g/m 2 , and the agglomerated cork layer (3) has a thickness of about 2.0 mm and a density of about 200 kg/m 3 , wherein the total thickness of the panel is about Still in another aspect of the present invention, the fibre glass layers (2, 4) are impregnated with a resin selected from the group consisting of polyurethane, polyester, vinylester, epoxy resins, and natural and biomass resins. In another aspect of the invention, the fibre glass layers (2, 4) are impregnated with an epoxy resin.
  • the present invention further discloses the use of said panel in the construction industry.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, illustrating its composing layers.
  • Fig. 2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views of other embodiments of the present invention.
  • Pig. 4 is a graph showing comparative values of maximum deflection measured in a mechanical test carried out in conventional porcelanate test plates and in preferred laminated panel test plates of the invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a graph showing comparative values of modulus of rupture of test plates of Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a graph showing comparative values of breaking load of test plates of
  • Fig. 4 is a graph showing comparative values of noise insulation of impacts measured in an acoustic test carried out in two test plates groups of Fig. 4.
  • the ceramic and cork laminated panels of the present invention eliminate a deficit of market offer, namely in the field of flooring, for ceramic materials with additional characteristics of insulation and improved mechanical properties. Surprisingly, it was found not only possible to combine the best characteristics of wooden and/or cork based laminated panels with those of ceramic materials, but also to obtain lighter, more resistant and easy assembly products than conventional floor tiles of ceramic material.
  • the ceramic material layer of the laminated panel with fibre layers has an increased resistance to deflection compared with a conventional floor tile of the same ceramic material and with similar thickness. It is important to emphasize that fibre materials are usually used as reinforcement material, therefore the favourable results of making compatible the behaviour of ceramics and cork and the increase of maximum deflection (deformation) obtained by the laminated ceramic layer of the invention, would not be expected by the inclusion of fibres.
  • ceramic material is intended to mean any class of non-metallic inorganic solid material that it is submitted to high temperatures (above 540 °C) during manufacturing or use.
  • Porcelain stoneware or porcelanic stoneware or simply porcelanate is a ceramic material that originates in the eighties as a product with high technical performance and that it is closer to the concept of rocks or natural rocks more than any other ceramic material.
  • this material is a totally vitrified product, has an extremely low porosity ( ⁇ 0.5%), has excellent mechanical and physical properties (namely, good resistance to abrasion and high modulus of rupture), is resistant to ice, has great resistance to chemical agents, namely cleaning products provides easiness of cleaning.
  • the porcelanate is formulated with very similar composition criteria as those of porcelain, i.e. , mixture of quartz or feldspar sands, feldspars and clay with high content of kaolin.
  • cork material or simply “cork” is intended to mean natural cork, colmatated natural cork, agglomerated cork, micro-agglomerated cork or the like and combinations thereof.
  • agglomerated cork is intended to mean, according to ISO 2190 standards, a cork material that comprises at least 51 % (by weight) of granulated cork with a minimum grain size of 0.5 mm and a water content equal or lower than 8% .
  • micro-agglomerated cork is intended to mean agglomerated cork with a grain size in the range of 0.5 - 2 mm.
  • the term "material fibre” is intended to mean a material composed of fibres of several types and usually classified into two groups: fabrics aiid ⁇ -woven fabrics. In case of natural fibres these can be also of several types, as for example coconut, flax or hemp. The fibres used in non-woven fabrics do not show a specific orientation. In the case of fabrics, the fibres can be unidirectional, biaxial, triaxial or tetra-axial. The grammage of fabrics and the non-woven fabrics vary usually of about 80 g/m 2 to 400 g/m 2 .
  • polymeric material is intended to mean a material that according to its mechanical characteristics can be divided into thermoplastics, thermosets and elastomers.
  • thermoplastics include the known plastics, wide available in the market, which can be melted several times and in same cases can be dissolved in several solvents, being therefore recycling materials.
  • the thermosets are rigid and fragile, being very stable to temperature changes, although heating the finished thermoset polymer promotes decomposition of the material before melting, thus making it difficult to recycle.
  • the elastomers show high elasticity, being not rigid as the thermosets and not meltable, thus reducing the recycling possibilities.
  • radiating electric layer is intended to mean any material that is susceptible of being integrated into a laminated panel for controlled heating using electric energy .
  • resins with biomass origin is intended to mean raw material based resins of natural origin from either specific plantation processes, or waste from food processing that otherwise would be classified as residues. These resins are thermoset.
  • a ceramic and cork laminated element of the invention comprises a layer of ceramic material, a layer of cork material and an interface and compatibilizing layer of fibre material arranged between said layers of ceramic and cork.
  • Said fibre layer provides a good adhesion between the cork and ceramic layers and allows the compatibilization of mechanical performances of both ceramic and cork materials in view of external load requirements, in such way that it improves the mechanical properties of the laminated panel thus formed.
  • Such characteristic allows thickness reduction of the ceramic layer, to lighten the floor, while keeping the advantages of a conventional ceramic floor and increasing the advantages of a cork floor.
  • bonding agents also called binders
  • any binding means adequate to bind the layers can be used.
  • Such binders can be selected from the group comprising polyurethane, polyester, vinylester and epoxy resins, natural resins, resins with biomass origin and the like, and combinations thereof.
  • the following description of the laminated panels in terms of layer arrangement, it is described from the top layer to the bottom layer, i.e. , in the case of a floor the top layer (ceramic) has the outer surface in contact with the user, and the bottom layer (cork or fibres) has its outer surface (opposed to the outer surface of top layer) seating on the ground.
  • a ceramic and cork panel comprising: at least one ceramic material layer (1) with a thickness between about 1.0 mm and 16.0 mm, at least one fibre layer (2) made of a fabric or non-woven fabric selected from the group consisting of natural fibres and glass, carbon and basalt fibres and the like, and combinations thereof, having a grammage higher than 80 g/m 2 ,
  • At least one cork material layer (3) with a thickness between about 0.5 mm and 25.0 mm and a density between about 100 kg/m 3 and 1300 kg/m 3 , and
  • the ceramic material layer (1) is a porcelanate layer
  • the fibre layer (2) is a layer as described in the first embodiment
  • the cork material layer (3) is a layer of agglomerated cork
  • no further fibre layer (4) exists in this second embodiment.
  • a third embodiment representing a laminated panel similar to that of the second embodiment, but comprising additionally at least one polymeric material or radiating electric layer (5) between said fibre layer (2) and said cork material layer (3).
  • Fig. 3 shows the fourth embodiment that results from the combination of the characteristics of the first and third embodiments previously described.
  • the preferred embodiment of the invention consists of a laminated panel having a first layer (1) of porcelanate with a thickness of about 4.5 mm. This layer acts as an impermeable and wearing layer corresponding to the top layer in contact with the user.
  • Said porcelanate layer (1) is overlapping a fibre glass layer (2) with a grammage of about 300 g/m 2 that, in turn, overlaps an agglomerated cork layer (3) with a density of about 200 kg/m 3 and a thickness of about 2.0 mm.
  • This layer (3) of agglomerated cork is formed by granulated cork with a grain size between about 2 mm and 4 mm;
  • the bottom layer of the preferred laminated panel of the invention overlapped by said agglomerated cork layer (3), is a fibre glass layer (4) with a grammage of about 300 g/m 2 .
  • the fibre layers (2, 4) can be impregnated with one of the above mentioned resins or by a combination thereof, so in that way, they firmly adhere to the agglomerated cork layer (3).
  • the preferred resin for said impregnation is an epoxy resin.
  • the preferred laminated panel of the present invention has a total thickness of about 7,0 mm.
  • the tests are based on NP EN ISO 10545 Standard referring to ceramic floors and walls.
  • test plates were divided into four distinct groups, shown in Fig. 4 to 6 (A, B, C and D), wherein groups (A, B, C) were composed of conventional ceramic plates and group (D) composed of plates of the preferred laminated panel of the present invention, previously described.
  • groups (A, B, C) were composed of conventional ceramic plates and group (D) composed of plates of the preferred laminated panel of the present invention, previously described.
  • Each group was composed of 7 test plates, having each plate the length x width dimensions of 250 mm x 50 mm ( ⁇ 1 mm), respectively.
  • Other characteristics of the test plates are shown on the following table.
  • the test equipment used was composed by a MTS dynomometre with a load cell of 50 kN equipped with a device for deflection tests in three points.
  • test plates were placed horizontally over the supports of the test device, with the ceramic side facing upwards, with its longitudinal axis perpendicular to the axes of said supports and with the central point under the load (load head of the device). A force with a constant speed of 10 mm/min was applied, which was maintained until the determination of the modulus of rupture/yield strain.
  • Fig. 5 the results of the modulus of rupture under the described test conditions are shown. Note that the modulus of rupture (in Newton per square millimetre) is obtained by dividing the deflection resistance calculated according to said Standard by the square of the minimum thickness measured on the rupture edge.
  • the modulus of rupture of plates (D) of the invention is much higher than those of conventional plates (A, B, C), even considering that the porcelanate plates (C) have a thickness (12 mm) much higher than those of plates (D) of the invention.
  • the acoustic test was carried out after assembly of the test plates in a slab test (acoustic chamber) with an acrylic based marketed glue.
  • the test slab was reinforced concrete with a thickness of 14 cm.
  • the test total area was approximately 10 m 2 .
  • the equipment used for the test consisted of:
  • MPR02 impact noise generator (3207 type) by "Bruel & Kjaer” ;
  • thermometer • TER02 thermometer. The test was carried out in an acoustic laboratory according to NP ISO 140-8 Standard.
  • the normalized sound pressure curve of the slab was then determined according to NP ISO 140-8 Standard.
  • FIG. 7 distinctively shows a marked difference in the results obtained by the plates of the two test groups.
  • the conventional porcelanate plates (A) have shown a much lower acoustic insulation capacity than those shown by the invention plates (D).
  • the acoustic results of the preferred laminated panel plates (D) of the invention show a remarkable impact sound insulation up to 14 dB, as shown in Fig. 7.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des panneaux stratifiés à base de céramique et de liège, qui possèdent une compatibilité avec des fibres. Plus particulièrement, la présente invention concerne des panneaux en céramique allégés, qui possèdent des propriétés mécaniques et d'isolation optimisées, pour une application, par exemple, dans l'industrie de la construction. Par rapport à un revêtement de sol classique fait seulement de carreaux en céramique, les panneaux stratifiés de la présente invention permettent une réduction pondérale importante du sol, optimisant ses propriétés mécaniques et associant les caractéristiques de céramique et de liège.
PCT/PT2011/000007 2010-03-16 2011-03-15 Panneau stratifié en céramique comportant du liège et des fibres Ceased WO2011115514A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT105013 2010-03-16
PT105013A PT105013A (pt) 2010-03-16 2010-03-16 Laminado cerâmico com cortiça e fibras

Publications (2)

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WO2011115514A2 true WO2011115514A2 (fr) 2011-09-22
WO2011115514A3 WO2011115514A3 (fr) 2011-11-03

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PT (1) PT105013A (fr)
WO (1) WO2011115514A2 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012117074A3 (fr) * 2011-03-01 2012-11-15 Meyer, Hans Plaque composite, pièce de liaison et système de pose ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'une plaque composite
WO2016028179A1 (fr) * 2014-08-21 2016-02-25 Bmm Bloco Multimodular Sistemas De Edificação, Lda. Panneau de fibres autoporteur avec noyau en aggloméré de liège
WO2017021505A1 (fr) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-09 Frontwave - Engenharia E Consultadoria, S. A. Panneau stratifié multicouche
WO2017203325A1 (fr) * 2016-05-25 2017-11-30 Floover World S.L. Élément de pose libre de revêtement de sol
WO2018138535A1 (fr) * 2016-08-10 2018-08-02 Laszlo Ferenc Procédé de production d'un enrobage isolant multiconstituant
WO2021148938A1 (fr) 2020-01-20 2021-07-29 Association For The Advancement Of Tissue Engineering And Cell Based Technologies & Therapies (A4Tec) - Associação Matériaux composites à base de céramique, leurs procédés et utilisations
IT202300027198A1 (it) * 2023-12-19 2025-06-19 R M P A S R L Lastra dotata di stuoia

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2490396B1 (es) 2013-02-01 2015-06-12 Torrecid, S.A Elemento de construcción para suelos sobreelevados y similares y método de fabricación

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB673664A (en) * 1949-04-16 1952-06-11 Leslie Arthur James Gardner Improvements in laminated tiles for covering floors, walls and similar surfaces
JPH01244065A (ja) * 1988-03-24 1989-09-28 Daishin:Kk 防震防音複合ボード
DE19547123A1 (de) * 1994-12-20 1996-08-08 Naturstein Wigand Gmbh & Co Kg Verbundplatte aus Naturstein und Holz
LU91001B1 (en) * 2003-01-24 2004-07-26 John Jenkins Stone sandwich.
ES1058248Y (es) * 2004-08-04 2005-03-01 Camus Daniel Conca Pieza de recubrimiento para suelos y paredes.
DE202006018610U1 (de) * 2006-12-08 2007-02-15 Kuse, Kolja Stabilisierte Dünn-Platte mit Holzrand

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012117074A3 (fr) * 2011-03-01 2012-11-15 Meyer, Hans Plaque composite, pièce de liaison et système de pose ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'une plaque composite
US9850668B2 (en) 2011-03-01 2017-12-26 Hans Meyer Composite tile, connection piece, system to be laid, and method for the production of a composite tile
WO2016028179A1 (fr) * 2014-08-21 2016-02-25 Bmm Bloco Multimodular Sistemas De Edificação, Lda. Panneau de fibres autoporteur avec noyau en aggloméré de liège
WO2017021505A1 (fr) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-09 Frontwave - Engenharia E Consultadoria, S. A. Panneau stratifié multicouche
RU2770825C2 (ru) * 2015-08-06 2022-04-22 Фронтвэйв - Инженариа Э Консалтадориа, С. А. Многослойная ламинатная панель
US11806982B1 (en) 2015-08-06 2023-11-07 Frontwave—Engenharia E Consultadoria, S.A. Multilayer laminate panel
WO2017203325A1 (fr) * 2016-05-25 2017-11-30 Floover World S.L. Élément de pose libre de revêtement de sol
WO2018138535A1 (fr) * 2016-08-10 2018-08-02 Laszlo Ferenc Procédé de production d'un enrobage isolant multiconstituant
WO2021148938A1 (fr) 2020-01-20 2021-07-29 Association For The Advancement Of Tissue Engineering And Cell Based Technologies & Therapies (A4Tec) - Associação Matériaux composites à base de céramique, leurs procédés et utilisations
IT202300027198A1 (it) * 2023-12-19 2025-06-19 R M P A S R L Lastra dotata di stuoia

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT105013A (pt) 2011-09-16
WO2011115514A3 (fr) 2011-11-03

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