WO2012107128A2 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de commande pour une machine électrique et système de commande d'une machine électrique - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de commande pour une machine électrique et système de commande d'une machine électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012107128A2
WO2012107128A2 PCT/EP2011/072090 EP2011072090W WO2012107128A2 WO 2012107128 A2 WO2012107128 A2 WO 2012107128A2 EP 2011072090 W EP2011072090 W EP 2011072090W WO 2012107128 A2 WO2012107128 A2 WO 2012107128A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy storage
controllable
output voltage
supply branch
storage cells
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2011/072090
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German (de)
English (en)
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WO2012107128A3 (fr
Inventor
Martin Kessler
Peter Feuerstack
Erik Weissenborn
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of WO2012107128A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012107128A2/fr
Publication of WO2012107128A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012107128A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/575—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2045—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for optimising the use of energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/585—Sequential battery discharge in systems with a plurality of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/28—Wind energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2105/30—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles
    • H02J2105/33—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles
    • H02J2105/37—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a control system for an electric machine and a system for controlling an electric machine.
  • Wind turbines as well as in vehicles such as hybrid or electric vehicles, increasingly electronic systems are used that combine new energy storage technologies with electric drive technology.
  • an electric machine e.g. is designed as a rotating field machine, controlled by a converter in the form of an inverter.
  • Characteristic of such systems is a so-called DC voltage intermediate circuit, via which an energy store, usually a battery, is connected to the DC side of the inverter.
  • an energy store usually a battery
  • multiple battery cells are connected in series. Since the power provided by such an energy store must flow through all the battery cells and a battery cell can only conduct a limited current, battery cells are often additionally connected in parallel in order to increase the maximum current.
  • Wind turbines it may in unfavorable conditions, such as strong Wnd, even come to safety-threatening situations. Therefore, it is always high Reliability of the energy storage, where "reliability" is the ability of a system to work for a given time error-free.
  • Voltage limit so can be made available when the battery is discharged. On the other hand, it must withstand operation at the upper voltage limit, ie with the battery fully charged.
  • the present invention provides a method for operating a control system for an electrical machine, wherein the control system comprises a controllable energy store, a DC link capacitor connected downstream of the controllable energy store, and an inverter connected downstream of the DC link capacitor and connectable to the electrical machine.
  • the controllable energy store comprises a controllable energy store, a DC link capacitor connected downstream of the controllable energy store, and an inverter connected downstream of the DC link capacitor and connectable to the electrical machine.
  • the coupling units bridge the respective
  • At least one coupling unit of the controllable energy store is triggered in such a pulse-shaped manner that the arithmetic mean of the output voltage of the controllable energy store corresponds to a desired output voltage, wherein the energy storage cells assigned to each of the at least one coupling unit during a
  • Pulse duration are switched in the power supply branch and bridged during a pause duration.
  • the invention also provides a system for controlling an electrical machine with a controllable energy storage, a controllable energy storage
  • controllable energy storage for smoothing the output voltage of the controllable energy storage device, a connected to the smoothing link intermediate circuit capacitor and a DC link capacitor downstream inverter, which is connectable to the electrical machine.
  • controllable energy storage has a power supply branch with at least two connected in series
  • Energy storage modules which each have at least one electrical
  • Energy storage cell with an associated controllable coupling unit include. Depending on control signals, the coupling units bridge the respective
  • the electrical machine When using a simple series connection of multiple battery cells, the electrical machine must be designed so that the required power can be made available on the one hand at the lower voltage limit and on the other hand, the operation withstands the upper voltage limit.
  • the regulated output voltage of the controllable energy storage allows the design of the machine for the lower voltage limit. However, this does not necessarily mean that this lower limit corresponds to the level of the lower limit of a conventional series connection of battery cells. So it is with the controllable invention
  • This inverter and electrical machine can be designed for a constant high voltage, resulting in reduced currents and associated reduced losses for greater efficiency and smaller space.
  • the total output voltage of the power supply branch of such a controllable energy store is determined by the respective switching state of the controllable switching elements of the coupling units and thus can be adjusted in stages regardless of the state of charge and the load on the battery cells.
  • operated controllable energy storage it may be particularly small
  • the invention is based on the basic idea of activating at least one coupling unit in pulse form, wherein the at least one coupling unit respectively associated energy storage cells during a pulse duration in the respective
  • Power supply branch are switched and bridged during a pause duration.
  • the arithmetic mean value of the output voltage of the power supply branch can be adjusted in this manner such that it corresponds to a desired output voltage.
  • the output voltage of the power supply branch can thus be adjusted continuously, so that undesirable torque deviations can be reliably avoided.
  • a target output voltage U_Soll an energy supply branch, which between two by permanent switching of energy storage cells in the
  • Energy storage cells is assigned to the case of permanent connection in the Power supply branch would increase the output voltage value of IM to U2, pulse shape with a duty cycle T of
  • the duty cycle indicates the ratio of pulse duration (switch-on time) to pulse cycle duration, whereby the cycle time is the sum of the pulse duration and the pause duration (switch-off time).
  • This type of control has the advantage that intermediate values of the setpoint output voltage of an energy supply branch, which can only be set in stages, can be set by pulsed activation of a single coupling unit. It should be noted, however, that the desired output voltage by pulse-shaped
  • Control of multiple coupling units can be set. All that is decisive is that the arithmetic voltage average of all permanently or temporarily connected energy storage cells in the respective energy supply branch corresponds to the desired setpoint output voltage.
  • the pulse-shaped or clocked control of a coupling unit has the consequence that the output signal of the controllable energy storage must be smoothed before it is supplied to the inverter.
  • This smoothing can in the simplest case by the DC link capacitor in conjunction with an already existing
  • Line inductance are formed in the connecting line between the controllable energy storage and the DC link capacitor.
  • the capacitor essentially serve to buffer or stabilize the output voltage of the controllable energy store and the inductance substantially to limit the current. If the smoothing achieved in this way is not enough, you can choose between the controllable ones
  • the smoothing member according to the invention may comprise an additional capacitor which is connected in parallel with the intermediate circuit capacitor and increases the buffering or stabilizing effect of the intermediate circuit capacitor.
  • the smoothing element may also comprise an inductance, which is connected in the connecting line.
  • the electric machine is designed as an electric alternating current machine, e.g. Synchronous, asynchronous or reluctance machine, and the inverter designed as a pulse inverter.
  • an electric alternating current machine e.g. Synchronous, asynchronous or reluctance machine
  • the inverter designed as a pulse inverter.
  • AC machines is known.
  • the inverter In the case of synchronous or asynchronous machines, the inverter generates from the output voltage of the controllable energy store the sinusoidal voltage curves at the phases of the electrical machine, for example by SVPWM (Space Vector Pulsed Wdth Modulation).
  • SVPWM Space Vector Pulsed Wdth Modulation
  • inverters are operable for other types of machines such as reluctance machines.
  • the coupling units can be designed, for example, as half bridges.
  • Reverse direction of the alternator can in this case by the
  • Pulse inverter can be realized.
  • the coupling units can also be designed as full bridges, so that a reversal of the direction of rotation can also be effected by the controllable energy store.
  • the electric machine can also be designed as a direct current machine.
  • the inverter can be designed as a reversible DC-DC converter, so that in this way again a
  • Reverse direction can be done.
  • the maximum storable energy can be achieved by means of the controllable energy storage according to the invention by the series connection of further energy storage modules, without resulting in the output voltage of the energy storage increases with corresponding consequences for the connected components.
  • DC-DC converter for supplying a low-voltage network, such. 1 of a 14V vehicle electrical system in a motor vehicle, any overhead, such as multi-stage topology or parallelization of power devices, to compensate for the large
  • the supply voltage of the inverter can be adapted to the Polradschreib of the machine.
  • the losses can be drastically reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a control system according to the invention for an electrical machine
  • Fig. 2 is a graphical representation of the adjustable output voltage of a controllable energy storage device according to the invention without pulse-shaped control and
  • Fig. 3 is a graphical representation of the adjustable output voltage of a controllable energy storage device according to the invention with pulse-shaped control.
  • an inverter 2 in the form of a
  • Pulse inverter 3 connected.
  • the pulse inverter 3 comprises a plurality of power components - often referred to as power semiconductors - in the form of power switching elements 20a-20f, which are connected to individual phases U, V, W of the electric machine 1 and the phases U, V, W either against a high supply potential or switch a low supply potential.
  • the pulse inverter 3 further comprises further power components in the form of freewheeling diodes 21 a-21 f, which are arranged in the illustrated embodiment in the form of a six-pulse rectifier bridge circuit. In this case, a respective diode 21 a-21 f is arranged parallel to one of the power switching elements 20 a-20 f.
  • the power switching elements can, for example, as IGBTs
  • the pulse inverter 3 is preceded by an intermediate circuit capacitor 4, which substantially to
  • the controllable energy store 5 comprises a single energy supply branch 6, which has m series-connected energy storage modules 7-1 to 7-m, where m> 2.
  • the energy storage modules 7 each comprise a plurality of series-connected electrical energy storage cells 8-1 to 8-m as well in each case a coupling unit 9-1 to 9-m, which is assigned to the energy storage cells 8 of the respective energy storage module 7.
  • the coupling units 9 are each formed by two controllable switching elements 10-11 and 10-12 to 10-m1 and 10-m2.
  • the switching elements can as Power semiconductor switch, for example in the form of IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) or as MOSFETs (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect
  • the coupling units 9 make it possible to interrupt the power supply branch 6 by opening both switching elements 10 of a coupling unit 9. Alternatively, the energy storage cells 8 by closing each one of
  • Switching elements 10 of a coupling unit 9 are either bridged, e.g.
  • the electric machine 1 is designed in the illustrated embodiment as a three-phase three-phase machine, but may also have fewer or more than three phases.
  • the number of half-bridge branches in the pulse-controlled inverter 2 also depends on the number of phases of the electrical machine.
  • the electrical machine 1 can also be designed as a DC machine, the inverter being designed as a reversible DC-DC converter in this case.
  • each energy storage module 7 each has a plurality of energy storage cells 8 connected in series.
  • Energy storage modules 7 may alternatively have only a single energy storage cell or parallel energy storage cells, respectively.
  • the coupling units 9 are each formed by two controllable switching elements 10 in half-bridge circuit.
  • Coupling units 10 can also be controlled by more or less
  • Embodiment an inductor 12 and an additional capacitor 13th includes.
  • the additional capacitor 13 is parallel to
  • the additional Kondenstor 13 essentially serves to increase the buffer or stabilization effect of the DC link capacitor 4 whereas the inductance 12 is used to limit the current. It is also conceivable that the by the
  • the total output voltage of the power supply branch 6 is determined by the respective switching state of the controllable switching elements 10 of
  • Coupling units 9 and can be set in stages. The gradation results depending on the voltage of the individual energy storage modules 7. If one proceeds from the preferred embodiment of similar ausgestalteter
  • This target output voltage U_Soll is now set according to the invention in that the coupling unit 9-1, which is assigned to the energy storage cells 8-1, is controlled by a control unit, not shown, such that the
  • Energy storage cells are 8-1 permanently switched to the power supply branch 6. This is achieved concretely in that the switching element 10-12 is permanently closed, whereas the switching element 10-1 1 is permanently opened. In this way, a first portion of the target output voltage U_Soll with the
  • Energy storage cells 8-m is associated, is pulse-shaped by the control unit, not shown, with a duty cycle of
  • U2 - U1 activated.
  • All other energy storage cells 8-2 to 8- (m-1) in the power supply branch 6 are not required for setting the target output voltage U_Soll.
  • the associated coupling units 9-2 to 9 (m-1) are therefore controlled such that the associated energy storage cells 8-2 to 8- (m-1) are permanently bridged. So he gives himself for the power supply branch 6 and thus for the controllable energy storage 5 of the arithmetic mean U of
  • the method according to the invention allows a stepless adjustment of the output voltage of the controllable energy store 5.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the output voltages which can be set with the aid of the method according to the invention on the controllable energy store 5.
  • the continuously adjustable output voltage is identified by the reference numeral 30.
  • a basic representation of the pulse-shaped drive signals is indicated by the reference numeral 31. Analogous to the representation in FIG. 2, the embodiment in FIG. 2 also has a similar design to that of the preferred embodiment
  • the setpoint output voltage U_setpoint can also be set by alternative forms of control.
  • the first portion of the target output voltage U_Soll with the voltage value IM can of course also be supplied by a different energy storage module than the energy storage module 7-1. The only requirement is that the
  • Energy storage cells 8 of the corresponding energy storage module 7 just just the voltage IM can deliver.
  • another coupling unit can be triggered in pulse form as the coupling unit 9-m. It should only be noted that the duty cycle is adjusted accordingly. It is also conceivable, not just one
  • Actuate coupling unit 9 pulse-shaped, but to control a plurality of coupling units 9 with suitable duty cycles.
  • the decisive factor is always that an arithmetic voltage mean of all permanently or temporarily in the
  • Energy supply branch 6 switched energy storage cells 8 results, which corresponds to the desired target output voltage U_Soll.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de commande pour une machine électrique (1), ce système de commande comprenant un accumulateur d'énergie (5) réglable, un condensateur de circuit intermédiaire (4) monté en aval de l'accumulateur d'énergie (5) réglable et un onduleur (2) monté en aval du condensateur de circuit intermédiaire (4) et pouvant être connecté à la machine électrique (1). L'accumulateur d'énergie (5) réglable comprend une branche d'alimentation en énergie (6) dotée d'au moins deux modules accumulateurs d'énergie (7) montés en série, ces modules comportant chacun au moins un élément d'accumulateur (8) électrique et une unité de couplage (9) réglable associée. En fonction de signaux de commande, les unités de couplage (9) court-circuitent les éléments d'accumulateur (8) associés ou bien commutent les éléments d'accumulateur (8) associés dans la branche d'alimentation en énergie (6). Au moins une unité de couplage (9) de l'accumulateur d'énergie (5) réglable est alors excitée par impulsions de telle sorte que la moyenne arithmétique de la tension de sortie de l'accumulateur d'énergie (5) réglable correspond à une tension de sortie nominale, les éléments d'accumulateur (8) associés à la au moins une unité de couplage (9) correspondante étant commutés dans la branche d'alimentation en énergie (6) pendant la durée d'une impulsion et court-circuités pendant la durée d'un temps de pause.
PCT/EP2011/072090 2011-02-08 2011-12-07 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de commande pour une machine électrique et système de commande d'une machine électrique Ceased WO2012107128A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011003778A DE102011003778A1 (de) 2011-02-08 2011-02-08 Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Steuersystems für eine elektrische Maschine und System zum Steuern einer elektrischen Maschine
DE102011003778.0 2011-02-08

Publications (2)

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WO2012107128A2 true WO2012107128A2 (fr) 2012-08-16
WO2012107128A3 WO2012107128A3 (fr) 2013-05-23

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PCT/EP2011/072090 Ceased WO2012107128A2 (fr) 2011-02-08 2011-12-07 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de commande pour une machine électrique et système de commande d'une machine électrique

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DE (1) DE102011003778A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012107128A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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CN112638698A (zh) * 2018-08-30 2021-04-09 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于运行车辆的至少一个电部件的方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2994899B1 (fr) * 2012-08-29 2014-09-12 Renault Sa Procede de pilotage d'une machine electrique limitant les pertes energetiques
US20180183241A1 (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-06-28 Sunpower Corporation Filter component reduction

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US20020175644A1 (en) 2001-05-10 2002-11-28 Gui-Jai Su Multilevel dc link inverter

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US5642275A (en) * 1995-09-14 1997-06-24 Lockheed Martin Energy System, Inc. Multilevel cascade voltage source inverter with seperate DC sources
US6897641B1 (en) * 2004-06-24 2005-05-24 Edward Herbert Buck (or boost) converter with very fast output current transitions and low ripple voltage

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020175644A1 (en) 2001-05-10 2002-11-28 Gui-Jai Su Multilevel dc link inverter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112638698A (zh) * 2018-08-30 2021-04-09 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于运行车辆的至少一个电部件的方法

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DE102011003778A1 (de) 2012-08-09
WO2012107128A3 (fr) 2013-05-23

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