WO2012113428A1 - Matériau composite à matrice en aluminium, produit semi-fini en ce matériau composite à matrice en aluminium et procédé pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Matériau composite à matrice en aluminium, produit semi-fini en ce matériau composite à matrice en aluminium et procédé pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012113428A1
WO2012113428A1 PCT/EP2011/006243 EP2011006243W WO2012113428A1 WO 2012113428 A1 WO2012113428 A1 WO 2012113428A1 EP 2011006243 W EP2011006243 W EP 2011006243W WO 2012113428 A1 WO2012113428 A1 WO 2012113428A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
matrix composite
aluminum matrix
aluminum
composite material
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2011/006243
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ihsan Özer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Daimler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler AG filed Critical Daimler AG
Publication of WO2012113428A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012113428A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
    • F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/0004—Materials; Production methods therefor metallic
    • F16D2200/0026—Non-ferro
    • F16D2200/003—Light metals, e.g. aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
    • F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminum matrix composite material, to a method for producing a semifinished product from the aluminum matrix composite material and to the semifinished product itself.
  • AMC aluminum matrix composite
  • AMC alloys offer very good tribological properties, which make them interesting as a material, especially for the friction surfaces of brake discs.
  • brake discs comprising such AMC alloys that are made by vacuum infiltration or casting into a ceramic preform of fused AMC ingots.
  • the contained ceramic hard material particles usually of silicon carbide or corundum, can be used in different shapes and sizes in the aluminum-silicon alloys.
  • SiC hard particles AMC alloys are usually available in the form of ingots.
  • Both the mechanical properties and the thermal properties of an aluminum matrix composite material are influenced by the nature, the proportion, the size and the shape of the hard material particles used and by the properties of the aluminum matrix alloy.
  • the mechanical properties include elastic modulus, hardness, yield strength, and fatigue strength; the thermal properties relate to the solidus temperature, the thermal shock resistance, the heat storage capacity as well as the heat conduction, thermal expansion, heat radiation and thermal convection coefficients.
  • the composite brake disks which are composed of components of different materials, often have and suffer from the disadvantages of noise during braking a particularly lower thermal conductivity of the friction disc to the central rotor section, which leads to increased brake temperatures.
  • WO 2005/069972 A2 describes a composite disc brake rotor which is to have improved thermal and acoustic behavior and which includes a rotor with a pair of annular aluminum alloy outer surfaces and a pair of annular friction discs made of an aluminum-based metal matrix composite with silicon carbide hard material particles has, which are each arranged on one of the outer surfaces of the rotor.
  • a bonding layer of a metal alloy tion whose melting point is lower than the melting points of the aluminum alloy and the aluminum-based metal matrix composite, connects the friction plates with the outer surfaces of the rotor.
  • US Pat. No. 5,183,632A discloses a method for producing an aluminum-based composite disk rotor comprising, in a first step, the production of a coarse-formed disk rotor made of a mixture of aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder with or without reinforcing particles. Then, applying a mixture of aluminum powder or aluminum alloy powder with reinforcing particles at predetermined positions of the coarse-formed disc rotor corresponding to the friction surfaces, heating the mixture to at least a half-melt temperature and compression molding the mixture under pressure.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an aluminum matrix composite, which is optimized in terms of its tribological, mechanical and thermal properties for use as a brake disk material, in particular as a friction material, and in particular has improved thermal conductivity.
  • a process-reliable method for producing a semifinished product from an aluminum matrix composite material is disclosed by a method having the features of claim 4.
  • the object of providing a semifinished product of an aluminum matrix composite material having improved thermal properties or an increased thermal conductivity is achieved by the semifinished product having the features of claim 7.
  • a first embodiment of the invention relates to an aluminum matrix composite material which is suitable for forming at least one friction ring of a brake disk and which is formed from an aluminum alloy with a combination of different ceramic additives or ceramic particles.
  • Aluminum alloy is preferably an aluminum-silicon alloy with 10 to 30 wt .-% Silicon.
  • the ceramic additives consist of silicon carbide and aluminum nitride, which each have a proportion of 10 to 25 wt .-% based on the total weight of the aluminum matrix composite material.
  • the aluminum alloy has as further alloying components preferably 2 to 6% by weight of iron, 1 to 3% by weight of nickel, 1 to 3% by weight of manganese and 1 to 3% by weight of magnesium. If necessary, there are still traces of other elements or inevitable ones
  • the disclosed composition of the aluminum matrix composite is optimized and designed for thermal conductivity, matrix strength, and friction ratio for use as a brake disk material.
  • the ceramic particles preferably have an average particle size in the range from 5 to 60 ⁇ .
  • the silicon carbide particles have an average particle size in the range of 5 to 30 m and the aluminum nitride particles have a mean particle size in the range of 0 to 60 ⁇ .
  • a particularly preferred composition of the aluminum matrix composite material comprises 30% by weight of aluminum, 20% by weight of silicon, 4% by weight of iron, 2% by weight of nickel, 2% by weight of manganese, 2% by weight of magnesium , 20 wt .-% silicon carbide particles, 20 wt .-% aluminum nitride particles and traces, based on the total weight of the aluminum matrix composite, on.
  • This composition of the aluminum matrix composite has particular advantages for use as
  • the aluminum matrix composite according to the invention has an increased heat conduction coefficient of about 170 W m -1 K -1 in this preferred embodiment.
  • prior art aluminum matrix composites of an aluminum matrix alloy 359 without AIN and 20% SiC have only a coefficient of thermal conduction between 132 W m “1 K “ 1 and 144 W m “1 K “ 1 . The less good heat conduction leads to unfavorably high levels during braking
  • the hardness of the aluminum matrix alloy in the preferred embodiment with the alloying components manganese and magnesium in combination with iron and nickel a value of 250 HV-30 could be determined, which is due to the positive influence of magnesium and manganese content.
  • the higher matrix strength thus created in turn significantly improves the embedding strength of the ceramic hard material particles of silicon carbide and aluminum nitride.
  • the achieved higher strength of the aluminum matrix is based on the proportions of manganese and magnesium in combination with iron and nickel, whose particles are present in the structure in a form of intermetallic phases.
  • This black film which is generally formed on AMC brake disks during the first braking operations on the friction surfaces, is a mixed layer that results from the metallic materials of the disk alloy and the brake pad.
  • the improved tribological properties of the aluminum matrix composite material are not only due to the increased embedding strength of the hard material particles, but also due to the use of the aluminum nitride particles.
  • the AIN particles are among the hard hard ceramic materials with a hardness of 1230 HV-10 and therefore contribute to the improved tribological properties of the aluminum matrix composite material by their incorporation into the structure with the increased proportion as additional ceramic reinforcement in combination with silicon carbide particles. a brake disc made of it.
  • the aluminum matrix composite according to the invention thus combines a high thermal conductivity with an increased hardness or strength of both the matrix alloy and the ceramic particles, which also have an improved embedding strength in the aluminum matrix.
  • the composite aluminum matrix composite material according to the invention is thus optimized for use as a brake disk material.
  • Thermal conductivity of the aluminum matrix composite material is provided by the ceramic filler aluminum nitride, which has a significantly higher heat conduction coefficient than conventionally used reinforcing particles.
  • An embodiment of the method for producing a semifinished product or component of an aluminum matrix composite material according to the invention relates to the provision of an aluminum matrix alloy which is formed by the alloying elements aluminum, silicon and in a preferred embodiment iron, nickel, manganese and magnesium, as well as providing the silicon carbide particles and aluminum nitride particles.
  • the alloying elements of the aluminum matrix alloy and the hard material particles of silicon carbide and aluminum nitride are provided either according to one of the abovementioned compositions of the aluminum matrix composite material or as aluminum alloy and ceramic hard material particles.
  • a powder metallurgical, casting or spray-compacting manufacturing process is then carried out to form the semifinished product.
  • the aluminum matrix alloy or the aluminum alloy is present in powder form, to which the intended proportion of hard material particles is then mixed, before a green compact is formed by mechanical compacting, which is then sintered with the introduction of heat.
  • a powder metallurgical manufacturing method a powder injection molding is conceivable in which, for example, metal powder injection molding is combined with ceramic powder injection molding.
  • a pulverulent mixture of the aluminum matrix alloy and the hard material particles as starting materials in order to obtain a mixture with the composition according to the invention, which is poured in the form of a melt to shape the semifinished product.
  • the hard material particles can be introduced in a powder jet with the melt spray of the aluminum matrix alloy to build the semifinished product.
  • the high proportion of up to 40 wt .-% hard particles can be adjusted.
  • hot isostatic pressing is provided for compacting the aluminum matrix composite material at least on the surface of the semifinished product.
  • a structural component adaptation can be carried out, on the other hand, the pressing temperature of 460 to 510 ° C under a compacting pressure of 150 to 200 MPa for precipitation and formation of hard and very fine-grained primary silicon crystals and for cladding the embedded ceramic aluminum nitride hard material particles silicon nitrides.
  • An embodiment of the semifinished product according to the invention relates to a semifinished product of an aluminum matrix composite material composed according to the invention.
  • the semi-finished product can thus be a semi-finished product manufactured by powder metallurgy, casting technology or spray compacting.
  • This is preferably a friction ring for a brake disk or a brake disk, since the aluminum matrix composite material composed according to the invention has specially optimized properties for this purpose.
  • the aluminum matrix composite according to the invention is also used for the production of other semi-finished products and components which make corresponding demands on thermal, mechanical and / or tribological material properties.
  • the aluminum matrix composite material used according to the invention for producing the semifinished product with the increased thermal conductivity of about 170 W m “1 K " enables faster heat conduction, which is particularly useful when the semifinished product is a brake disk or its friction ring during braking operations of As a result, the maximum brake temperatures can be reduced, so that a brake disk of the aluminum matrix composite material has improved heat resistance.
  • the improved tribological properties of the semifinished product or of the brake disc made of the aluminum matrix composite material are based on the above-stated increased hardness and strength, as well as the increased bonding strength of the hard material particles, the optimized tribological properties in particular the increased bonding strength in the construction of the transfer film comes into play.
  • a preferred use of the aluminum matrix composite material is the formation of a friction ring of a brake disk, in particular for passenger cars,
  • the aluminum matrix composite is formed by an aluminum alloy containing 10 to 30% by weight of silicon and ceramic additives comprising 15 to 25% by weight of silicon carbide particles and aluminum nitride particles, wherein it contains 15 to 25% by weight.
  • a brake disk produced from the AMC according to the invention, or a friction ring made therefrom of a composite brake disk forms an optimized transfer film which has significantly better properties in comparison with the transfer films of other AMC disks, for example a more homogeneous design, better adhesion or better adhesion a harder and stronger connection to the friction surface.
  • the optimized transfer film improves the protection of the friction surfaces of the AMC brake discs against wear, so that the AMC brake discs undergo little or no wear during braking due to the very high affinity and adhesion properties of this transfer film. This ensures a constant coefficient of friction, which positively influences the brake quality and driving comfort.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un matériau composite à matrice en aluminium qui convient pour la fabrication d'au moins un anneau de friction d'un disque de frein. Le matériau composite à matrice en aluminium présente 20 à 40% en poids d'aluminium, 10 à 30% en poids de silicium et le cas échéant 2 à 6% en poids de fer, 1 à 3% en poids de nickel, 1 à 3% en poids de manganèse, 1 à 3% en poids de magnésium ainsi que 15 à 25% en poids de particules en carbure de silicium et 15 à 25 particules en nitrure d'aluminium, par rapport au poids total du matériau composite à matrice en aluminium. L'invention concerne également un procédé pour la fabrication d'un produit semi-fini en matériau composite à matrice en aluminium et un produit semi-fini en ce matériau composite à matrice en aluminium.
PCT/EP2011/006243 2011-02-24 2011-12-10 Matériau composite à matrice en aluminium, produit semi-fini en ce matériau composite à matrice en aluminium et procédé pour sa fabrication Ceased WO2012113428A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011012142.0 2011-02-24
DE102011012142A DE102011012142B3 (de) 2011-02-24 2011-02-24 Aluminium-Matrixverbundwerkstoff, Halbzeug aus dem Aluminium-Matrixverbundwerkstoff und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

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WO2012113428A1 true WO2012113428A1 (fr) 2012-08-30

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105525153A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-04-27 中国铁道科学研究院 一种碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料制动盘
CN110639684A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2020-01-03 中建材（合肥）粉体科技装备有限公司 一种半终水泥粉磨系统的协调优化控制方法
CN114045417A (zh) * 2021-11-16 2022-02-15 玉林师范学院 一种轻量化铝合金复合材料、压缩机滚子及其制备方法
CN118086715A (zh) * 2024-04-28 2024-05-28 广州众山功能材料有限公司 一种基于回收废料的颗粒增强铝基复合材料制备工艺
CN118668085A (zh) * 2024-07-01 2024-09-20 吉林大学 一种微纳米强化高含量铁元素6系铝合金及其制备方法

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DE202014004765U1 (de) 2014-06-10 2014-09-09 Procon Gmbh Verschleißfester Formkörper aus keramikpartikelverstärktem Leichtmetall
DE102015116519A1 (de) 2015-09-29 2017-03-30 Thyssenkrupp Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Sprühkompaktieren
DE102017111846A1 (de) 2017-05-30 2018-12-06 Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Verfahren zur Herstellung von lokal modifizierten Gussformteilen
US11565318B2 (en) * 2019-09-03 2023-01-31 Ut-Battelle, Llc Reactive matrix infiltration of powder preforms
CN112981189A (zh) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-18 同济大学 一种可自生成纳米级网状保护层的混合增强铝基复合材料

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105525153A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-04-27 中国铁道科学研究院 一种碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料制动盘
CN110639684A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2020-01-03 中建材（合肥）粉体科技装备有限公司 一种半终水泥粉磨系统的协调优化控制方法
CN110639684B (zh) * 2019-09-16 2021-05-14 中建材（合肥）粉体科技装备有限公司 一种半终水泥粉磨系统的协调优化控制方法
CN114045417A (zh) * 2021-11-16 2022-02-15 玉林师范学院 一种轻量化铝合金复合材料、压缩机滚子及其制备方法
CN118086715A (zh) * 2024-04-28 2024-05-28 广州众山功能材料有限公司 一种基于回收废料的颗粒增强铝基复合材料制备工艺
CN118668085A (zh) * 2024-07-01 2024-09-20 吉林大学 一种微纳米强化高含量铁元素6系铝合金及其制备方法

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