WO2012136436A2 - Unité d'entraînement pour un véhicule comprenant un moteur électrique et procédé de fonctionnement d'une telle unité d'entraînement - Google Patents

Unité d'entraînement pour un véhicule comprenant un moteur électrique et procédé de fonctionnement d'une telle unité d'entraînement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012136436A2
WO2012136436A2 PCT/EP2012/053952 EP2012053952W WO2012136436A2 WO 2012136436 A2 WO2012136436 A2 WO 2012136436A2 EP 2012053952 W EP2012053952 W EP 2012053952W WO 2012136436 A2 WO2012136436 A2 WO 2012136436A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
vehicle
drive unit
electric motor
locking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2012/053952
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2012136436A3 (fr
Inventor
Raphael Fischer
Michael Bogner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Publication of WO2012136436A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012136436A2/fr
Publication of WO2012136436A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012136436A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2072—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for drive off
    • B60L15/2081—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for drive off for drive off on a slope
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
    • B60T1/062—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels acting on transmission parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/44—Wheel Hub motors, i.e. integrated in the wheel hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/46—Wheel motors, i.e. motor connected to only one wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18109—Braking
    • B60W30/18118—Hill holding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • Drive unit for a vehicle with an electric motor and a method for operating such a drive unit
  • the invention relates to a drive unit for a vehicle with an electric motor and to a method for operating such a drive unit.
  • Wheel hub drives are usually arranged on or in a vehicle wheel of a vehicle.
  • Wheel hub drive conventionally have a motor unit, via which the wheel hub and thus the vehicle wheel of the vehicle can be driven.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a drive unit with which a standstill of a vehicle on an inclined plane can be maintained more energy efficient.
  • the subject of the present invention is a drive unit for a vehicle which comprises an electric motor driving a motor with a rotor, in which the transmission of the rotational movement from the electric motor to the vehicle wheel can be blocked by a locking device having a profiled locking wheel and a locking element, wherein the blocking element has an engagement region, wherein the engagement region for blocking the blocking device can be introduced into the profile of the barrier wheel by a movement against the force of gravity.
  • the position of the vehicle on an inclined plane can advantageously be kept more energy-efficient, for example when being stopped at a traffic light, in a traffic jam or during a parking operation, and rolling back of the vehicle can be avoided.
  • the blocking element can in particular be in a blocking position, in which the engagement region is introduced against the force of gravity in the profile of the barrier wheel.
  • the engagement region of the locking element in particular by gravity, can be brought into a non-locking position spaced from the barrier wheel, in which a rolling back of the vehicle, for example for parking or turning, is allowed.
  • the drive unit can be either a direct drive, for example a wheel hub motor, or a drive unit equipped with a transmission.
  • a barrier wheel can be understood to mean, in particular, a substantially rotationally symmetrical component which is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation. In this case, it can be understood essentially that the component can deviate from an ideal body of revolution, in particular due to the profile.
  • the profiled lock wheel may be a toothed and / or grooved wheel.
  • the teeth or grooves can be formed on the outer lateral surface, on an inner lateral surface or on a side surface of the wheel.
  • a gear such as a spur gear, an internal gear, a crown wheel or a worm wheel, be.
  • the lock wheel is a gear.
  • the lock wheel can be configured in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner.
  • An embodiment in the form of a gear also has the advantage that gears which serve in the drive unit for other purposes, can also be used as a lock wheel.
  • the lock wheel is therefore a part of the electric motor, for example a wheel hub motor.
  • an additional barrier wheel can be advantageously dispensed with. This in turn has the advantage that the material costs and the weight of the drive unit can be optimized.
  • the drive unit comprises a transmission.
  • the lock wheel is a transmission gear. This also allows material costs and the weight of the drive unit to be optimized.
  • the lock wheel can also be an additional component.
  • the lock wheel may have an additional electric motor or gearbox attached. ordered component, such as gear, be.
  • an additional lock wheel if necessary, the design effort can be reduced.
  • an additional lock wheel can advantageously be configured in terms of its blocking function optimized.
  • the profiled lock wheel may also be another substantially rotationally symmetrical, rotatably mounted component, for example the rotor of the electric motor, which is on an outer lateral surface, an inner lateral surface or a side surface with a profile, for example provided with one or more teeth or grooves.
  • the barrier wheel in the form of a profile, in particular a toothing, on or in the outer or inner circumferential surface of the rotor or a rotor shaft is formed.
  • the rotor or the rotor shaft itself represent the barrier wheel, in particular by the profile, in particular the toothing, in the outer or inner circumferential surface of the rotor or the rotor shaft is formed.
  • a profiled component such as a gear, attached, for example, plugged is.
  • This embodiment has proven particularly advantageous for direct drives, such as wheel hub motors, in which the locking wheel should preferably have the largest possible effective diameter.
  • a simple solution thereof can be represented by a reshaped toothing in the radially remote area of the rotor.
  • the barrier wheel and the blocking element are parts of a, preferably (um) switchable, freewheeling mechanism.
  • a freewheeling mechanism may, in particular, be understood to mean a mechanism which has a shaft and an outer ring acting as a blocking wheel, in which case the shaft can also be designed as an inner ring. Between the shaft and the outer wheel acting as a locking wheel ring are arranged one or more locking elements acting as locking elements, which allow a rotation of the shaft relative to the outer ring in a first direction, which is also referred to as a freewheeling direction, and a rotation of the shaft relative to the Au stallring in a first reverse second direction, which Also referred to as reverse direction lock.
  • a switchable freewheeling mechanism may be understood to mean a freewheeling mechanism in which the latching element or elements can be brought into different positions.
  • the latching element (s) may be brought into a non-locking position in which the shaft is rotatable in both directions relative to the outer ring and into a blocking position in which the freewheeling mechanism performs the usual function of free-wheeling in shape a rotation of the shaft relative to the outer ring in one direction and a lock against rotation in the opposite direction.
  • the freewheeling mechanism is preferably a freewheeling mechanism which can be switched between a first freewheeling direction and a second freewheeling direction opposite to the first freewheeling direction.
  • the latching element or the latching elements for example, in a first locking position, in which the freewheel mechanism has a rotation of the shaft relative to the outer ring in the first direction of freewheeling and a lock against rotation in the reverse direction, and in a second locking position are brought, in which the freewheel mechanism has a rotation of the shaft relative to the outer ring in the second direction of freewheeling and a lock against rotation in the reverse direction.
  • the latching element or the latching elements can be brought into a non-locking position in which the shaft is rotatable in both directions relative to the outer ring.
  • a freewheel switchable between two freewheeling directions can advantageously be used both in the case of positive (uphill) and negative (downhill) inclined planes.
  • the freewheel mechanism is arranged between a rotor shaft and a housing of the electric motor. It is advantageous that in this case acts on the freewheel - compared to a load acting on the transmission output - low load.
  • a blocking element can be understood to mean in particular a component which has a region, the so-called engagement region, which can be introduced into the profile of the barrier wheel by a movement, in particular against gravity, in particular by a rotation the lock wheel and thus lock the locking device.
  • the blocking element can be both linearly guided and rotatably mounted.
  • the blocking element is a linearly guided, in particular pin-shaped, blocking element.
  • Such a configured locking element has proven to be particularly advantageous in combination with an electromagnetic actuation and can be used for example as part of a freewheel mechanism.
  • the blocking element is a pawl.
  • a pawl may, in particular, be understood to mean a rotatably mounted mechanical device which has an engagement region which can be introduced into the profile of the barrier wheel in order to lock the blocking device.
  • Such a configured locking element can be used in particular as part of a freewheel mechanism.
  • the blocking element is a rocker.
  • a rocker may in particular be understood to mean a mechanical device having at least two arms which are rotatably mounted about a rotational or tilting axis and which has an engagement region which can be introduced into the profile of the barrier wheel to lock the locking device. Also, such a configured locking element can be used as part of a freewheel mechanism.
  • a blocking element in the form of a rocker can also be moved from a non-blocking position, in which a distal end of an arm, the so-called engagement region, spaced below the locking wheel, into a blocking position, in which the distal end of the arm, ie the engagement region , is introduced against the force of gravity in the profile of the barrier wheel, be rotatable or tiltable.
  • the blocking element may be a rocker arm.
  • a rocker arm may refer to a rocker in which a movement of a first arm of the rocker by applying a force to a second arm of the rocker, for example by means of a rod, is executable.
  • the blocking element may be designed, for example, mechanically, electromotively or electromagnetically operable.
  • electromotive actuation advantageously a high efficiency can be achieved.
  • mechanical operation advantageously a particularly simple structure and easy handling are possible.
  • the blocking element is electromagnetically actuated.
  • An electromagnetic actuation of a blocking element requires - compared to the energizing of the complete electric motor to maintain a standstill of the vehicle on an inclined plane - significantly less power.
  • an electromagnetic actuation of the locking element has advantages with respect to its structural design.
  • the shape of the engagement region corresponds at least partially to the negative profile shape, in particular the negative tooth shape or groove shape, of the barrier wheel.
  • a corresponding shape advantageously a particularly good barrier effect can be achieved.
  • the size of the engagement region may differ from the size of the negative profile shape of the barrier wheel.
  • the engagement region may have a smaller size than the negative profile shape of the barrier wheel. This has the advantage that the blocking element can be more easily introduced into the negative profile shape.
  • the drive unit may in particular have two or more profiled locking wheels, which are arranged coaxially with an angular offset from one another, wherein the blocking element for blocking by a movement against gravity in the profiles of the barrier wheels can be introduced.
  • the wheel circumference of a vehicle wheel can be for example 2 m. With a 1:10 reduction, each revolution of the motor would then correspond to 20 cm of travel. In the case of a blocking wheel, for example a pawl plate, with 1 6 slots, this would result in a resolution of 12.5 mm.
  • a resolution of 6.25 mm or three disks of approximately 4 mm could be represented.
  • Another object of the present invention is a method for operating a vehicle with a drive unit according to the invention.
  • the method can be the method steps:
  • the application of a torque to the lock wheel for setting a locking position of the lock wheel by the electric motor can be effected in particular by a resolver of the electric motor.
  • the electric motor can hold the position of the vehicle.
  • the locking position of the lock wheel can be electronically controlled, for example via the resolver.
  • the rotor of the electric motor can be set in an optimal position in which the blocking element is ideally under a profile recess, such as a groove of the barrier wheel. This can be simplified by setting a clear clearance between the shape of the engagement region of the blocking element and the negative profile shape of the barrier wheel.
  • the blocking element can be brought from a non-locking position against gravity into a blocking position which engages in the profile of the locking wheel.
  • the control unit can determine which of the flanks of the blocking element is loaded in the blocking position.
  • the detection can also take place via a force or torque sensor.
  • the drive unit according to the invention can have a force or torque sensor for detecting the loaded flank of the blocking element or the engagement area in the position introduced into the profile of the barrier wheel.
  • the method can be the method steps:
  • Whether a start by the driver is intended can be determined, for example, by means of an actuation of the accelerator pedal by the driver. If the vehicle is to go up after holding, a relieving torque is applied anyway to the lock wheel and thus relieved the locking element. In order to minimize material wear ß and energy requirements, however, it is particularly advantageous to apply a relieving torque on the lock wheel when the vehicle should drive down after holding, in particular to then easily remove the engagement portion of the locking element can. Whether a start up or down should take place, can be detected by a rotation angle measurement of the electric motor, in particular wherein it is determined which of the flanks of the locking element is loaded. Alternatively, the detection can take place via a force or torque sensor, in particular with which the drive unit can be equipped.
  • the engagement area of the locking element is automatically inserted into the profile of the locking wheel during a charging process of the vehicle. introduced.
  • Activation of the blocking element can be effected in particular by a signal from the charging device.
  • the stopping process may, for example, proceed as follows: the driver brakes the vehicle to a standstill. If necessary, the driver releases the brake. The electric motor moves to the next possible locking position of the lock wheel. The blocking element is brought from the non-locked position into the locked in the profile of the lock wheel position. Then the torque is removed from the engine. Subsequently, the vehicle stands without an active actuation of the driving or brake pedal of the driver.
  • the starting process may, for example, proceed as follows: Upon actuation of the accelerator pedal by the driver, the electric motor is activated and the engagement region of the blocking element is pulled out of the barrier wheel. If the vehicle is to go uphill starting from the locked position, the locking element is advantageously already relieved anyway and can be easily solved. If the vehicle is to travel downhill from the locked position, the engine is preferably initially driven backwards. In this way, the locking element can be relieved and also easily solved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through a locking device of an embodiment of a drive unit according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a drive unit according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows that the locking device has a profiled locking wheel 22 embodied as a toothed wheel and a pin-shaped, linearly guided blocking element 24.
  • the blocking element may also be rotatably mounted, for example in the form of a pawl, rocker and / or a rocker arm, executed (not shown).
  • FIG. 1 illustrates that the blocking element 24 has an engagement region 26 which can be moved from a non-blocking position spaced from the barrier wheel 22 against a force of gravity into a blocking position in which the engagement region 26 is introduced into the profile of the barrier wheel 22.
  • the actuation of the blocking element 24 is preferably carried out electromagnetically.
  • FIG. 1 shows that the blocking wheel 22 has teeth and intermediate grooves on the outer circumferential surface.
  • the blocking wheel 22 may be both an already existing wheel, for example a gear toothed wheel, as well as an additional wheel, for example a gear wheel widened by an additional groove rim.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates that the blocking element 24, which in the illustrated embodiment can also be referred to as a detent pin, has a shape in the engagement region 26 which corresponds to the negative profile shape, in particular the negative tooth shape or groove shape, of the barrier wheel 22, wherein the engagement region of the blocking element However, 24 has a smaller size, in particular is designed narrower than the negative profile of Locking wheel 22.
  • the drive unit according to the invention in the context of this embodiment comprises an electric motor 20 driving a vehicle wheel 10 and a transmission 30.
  • FIG. 2 additionally illustrates that there is a rotational movement transmission both between the electric motor 20 and the transmission 30 and between the transmission 30 and the vehicle wheel 10.
  • the locking device shown in Figure 1 is in this case the transmission of the rotational movement of the electric motor 20 to the vehicle 10th
  • the arrows symbolize possible installation positions for such a blocking device.
  • the left arrow illustrates that a locking device may be formed in the engine 20 or at the engine outlet.
  • An insert directly on the motor 20 has the advantage that the translation has an advantageous effect on the representable positioning accuracy of the locking position of the locking wheel 22.
  • the torque to be blocked when using the locking device on or in the motor 20 by the reduction ratio is lower than the vehicle wheel.
  • the middle arrow illustrates that the locking device may be formed at the entrance of the transmission 30.
  • the right arrow illustrates that the locking device can also be formed at the output of the transmission 30.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une unité d'entraînement pour un véhicule, comprenant un moteur électrique qui entraîne une roue du véhicule et qui est muni d'un rotor, la transmission du mouvement rotatif du moteur électrique à la roue du véhicule pouvant être bloquée par un dispositif de blocage. L'invention vise à permettre une immobilisation du véhicule sur un plan incliné à faible consommation énergétique. A cet effet, le dispositif de blocage présente une roue de blocage profilée (22) et un élément de blocage (24), l'élément de blocage (24) comportant une région d'engagement (26) qui peut être introduite dans le profil de la roue de blocage (22) par un mouvement à l'encontre de la force de gravité afin de bloquer le dispositif de blocage.
PCT/EP2012/053952 2011-04-05 2012-03-08 Unité d'entraînement pour un véhicule comprenant un moteur électrique et procédé de fonctionnement d'une telle unité d'entraînement Ceased WO2012136436A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011006748A DE102011006748A1 (de) 2011-04-05 2011-04-05 Antriebseinheit für ein Fahrzeug mit einem Elektromotor sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer derartigen Antriebseinheit
DE102011006748.5 2011-04-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012136436A2 true WO2012136436A2 (fr) 2012-10-11
WO2012136436A3 WO2012136436A3 (fr) 2013-04-25

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PCT/EP2012/053952 Ceased WO2012136436A2 (fr) 2011-04-05 2012-03-08 Unité d'entraînement pour un véhicule comprenant un moteur électrique et procédé de fonctionnement d'une telle unité d'entraînement

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102011006748A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012136436A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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CN112384417A (zh) * 2018-07-09 2021-02-19 罗伯特·博世有限公司 能够控制的致动器机构、用于电运行的车辆的制动装置和用于运行制动装置的方法
CN112622603A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-09 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司 一种四轮独立驱动轮架可调姿车辆综合驱动系统

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DE102017212366A1 (de) 2017-07-19 2019-01-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Fahrerassistenzsystem, Fortbewegungsmittel und Verfahren zur Unterstützung eines Anwenders bei der Betätigung eines Bremssystems
CN109139906B (zh) * 2018-10-31 2020-05-08 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 驻车机构及汽车

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GB1446419A (en) * 1972-11-09 1976-08-18 Knights R E Brake mechanisms
JPH1127808A (ja) * 1997-07-01 1999-01-29 Aisin Aw Co Ltd 充電制御装置及び充電制御方法
JP2008252990A (ja) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-16 Toyota Motor Corp 車両の制御装置および車両の制御方法
JP2009254162A (ja) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-29 Toyota Motor Corp 車両およびその制御方法
FR2934341B1 (fr) * 2008-07-28 2011-01-21 Renault Sas Dispositif de blocage de l'arbre de sortie d'un moteur de vehicule automobile.
JP5471206B2 (ja) * 2009-09-08 2014-04-16 日産自動車株式会社 駆動ユニット

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112384417A (zh) * 2018-07-09 2021-02-19 罗伯特·博世有限公司 能够控制的致动器机构、用于电运行的车辆的制动装置和用于运行制动装置的方法
US11897440B2 (en) 2018-07-09 2024-02-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Controllable actuator device, braking device for an electrically operated vehicle, and method for operating a braking device
CN112622603A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-09 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司 一种四轮独立驱动轮架可调姿车辆综合驱动系统
CN112622603B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2022-06-07 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司 一种四轮独立驱动轮架可调姿车辆综合驱动系统

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WO2012136436A3 (fr) 2013-04-25

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