WO2012143680A2 - Composition d'enrobage pour structures végétales - Google Patents

Composition d'enrobage pour structures végétales Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012143680A2
WO2012143680A2 PCT/GB2012/000362 GB2012000362W WO2012143680A2 WO 2012143680 A2 WO2012143680 A2 WO 2012143680A2 GB 2012000362 W GB2012000362 W GB 2012000362W WO 2012143680 A2 WO2012143680 A2 WO 2012143680A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wax
seeds
particles
plant
coating composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2012/000362
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English (en)
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WO2012143680A3 (fr
Inventor
Nicholas Hugh Hylton JESSOP
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Exosect Ltd
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Exosect Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB1106751.9A external-priority patent/GB201106751D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB1106755.0A external-priority patent/GB201106755D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB1106752.7A external-priority patent/GB201106752D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB1106749.3A external-priority patent/GB201106749D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB1106754.3A external-priority patent/GB201106754D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB1106753.5A external-priority patent/GB201106753D0/en
Application filed by Exosect Ltd filed Critical Exosect Ltd
Publication of WO2012143680A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012143680A2/fr
Publication of WO2012143680A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012143680A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D191/00—Coating compositions based on oils, fats or waxes; Coating compositions based on derivatives thereof
    • C09D191/06—Waxes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/18—Spheres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to coating compositions including an organic component for applying to plant structures of plants from which roots and shoots are capable of growing, uses of coating compositions on plant structures, methods of producing such coating compositions and plant structures coated with such coating compositions.
  • the invention relates to coating compositions that comprise an organic material that is applied to plant structures, such as seeds, tubers, bulbs, and roots and plant structures coated with such coating compositions.
  • the coatings are typically dried on the plant structure and this may in turn give rise to abiotic stresses, and may result in deleterious consequences to the viability of the plant structure. Additionally, such coating techniques may not be applied evenly, and as a consequence, such coatings tend to be susceptible to chipping and/or flaking. Furthermore, the degree of coating uniformity over plant structures such as seeds of such conventionally applied coatings is not optimal, with a percentage of e.g. seeds of any one batch receiving little or no coating (up to 20% of the seeds, depending on the method being deployed, and the seed type undergoing a coating treatment).
  • Certain plant structure treatments such as seed treatments are aimed at increasing shelf life of the plant structure when stored over time, for example, in a barn in sacks or on shelving in sheds, or in transport facilities such as trucks, plane, ships, and in warehouse storage areas and the like. Such treatments are typically aimed at providing direct protection against microbial infestation such as by fungi and bacteria. By protecting plant structures from such hazards, the durability of plant structures, such as seeds may be bettered.
  • a plant structure coating composition wherein the said coating composition comprises one or more organic materials selected from wax materials having a melting point of ⁇ 50°Centigrade wherein the wax material is in the form of particles having a volume mean diameter of >10 ⁇ .
  • a "plant structure” is one from which roots and shoots are able to grow. Such structures are typically bulbs, roots, rhizomes, seeds and “seed tubers”. Reference to “seed” and “seeds” is used interchangeably herein and means seeds, typically viable seeds, to which compositions of the invention may be applied.
  • a plant structure relates to seeds or other plant structures, such as “seed tubers", bulbs, rhizomes, roots and seeds for the provision of new plants for building up seed and plant propagation stocks for sale to farmers, growers and the like.
  • Coated plant structures of the invention as provided herein means plant structures as defined hereinabove such as seeds that are capable of germinating to at least conventional levels of germination typical of the relevant plant species under consideration.
  • Plant structures for the purposes of the present invention include oilseed plant seeds suitable for coating with compositions of the invention and include those selected from members of the Crucifer family (Canola (B. campestris) and oilseed rape ( ⁇ .
  • Vegetable seeds and vegetable plant structures as provided herein means seeds and plant structures that are capable of germinating to at least conventional levels of germination typical of the relevant vegetable species under consideration. Thus a vegetable plant structure is one that may be grown for human or domesticated animal consumption. "Vegetable plant structures” includes those structures such as seeds, bulbs, roots and tubers, found in domestic vegetables.
  • Vegetable plant structures suitable for coating with compositions of the invention include those selected from vegetable plant seeds from members of the Crucifer family (cabbages, broccolis, cauliflowers, kales, Brussels sprouts, kohlrabis), onions, capsicums, tomatoes, cucurbits such as cucumbers, cantaloupes, summer squashes, pumpkins, butternut squashes, tropical pumpkins, calabazas, winter squashes, watermelons, lettuces, zucchinis (courgettes), aubergines, carrots, parsnips, potatoes such as white potato, swedes, turnips, sugar beet, celeriacs, Jerusalem artichokes, artichokes, bok choi, celery, Chinese cabbage, beans such as lima beans, green beans such as runner beans, haricot beans, French beans, broad beans, horse radish, leeks, musk melons, parsley,
  • references to “monocot seed” and “monocot seeds” is used interchangeably herein and means seeds, typically viable seeds of monocotyledonous plants, to which compositions of the invention may be applied, “monocot seed” and “monocot seeds” as provided herein means seeds that are capable of germinating to at least conventional levels of germination typical of the relevant monocot plant species under consideration. "Monocot plants” for the purposes of the present invention are ones which are recognised as such by the skilled addressee. Monocot plant seeds suitable for coating with compositions of the invention includes those that may be used for the planting of monocotyledonous plants such as varieties of Oryza spp. such as Oryza sativa (rice), Triticum spp.
  • T. aestivum Wheat: Spring and Winter varieties
  • Secale spp. such as Secale cereale (rye)
  • Avena spp. such as Avena sativa (oats)
  • Zea spp. such as Zea mays [corn (maize)]
  • Sorghum spp. such as Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)
  • compositions of the invention include seeds, seed tubers, tuberous roots (sometimes referred to as 'tubers', e.g. dahlia 'tubers'), bulbs, corms and rhizomes.
  • Viable ornamental plant structures such as seeds of ornamental plants as provided herein means that the seeds of ornamental plants are capable of germinating to conventional levels of germination typical of ornamental plant seeds or in the case of ornamental seed tubers, tuberous roots, bulbs, corms and rhizomes of growing roots and shoots.
  • viable ornamental plant structures as herein defined may be used for the planting of ornamental plants such as varieties of tulip, amaryllis, hyacinth, daffodil, narcissus, cyclamen, lily, lily of the valley, iris, gladiolus, crocus, crocosmia, dahlia, snowdrop, bluebell, dahlia, freesia, gloxinia, anemone, fritillaria, alstromeria ligtu and hybrids thereof, camassia esculenta, arum italicum, muscari, agapanthus, begonia, acidanthera, ranunculus, ornamental allium and the like.
  • ornamental plants such as varieties of tulip, amaryllis, hyacinth, daffodil, narcissus, cyclamen, lily, lily of the valley, iris, gladiolus, crocus,
  • Examples of ornamentals seeds that may be coated with compositions of the invention include seeds of viola (pansy), primula, petunia, polyanthus, tagetes, pelargoniums including P. Peltatum, begonia, cyclamen, achillea, ageratum, agrostemma, alyssum, amaranthus, antirrhinum, aquilegia, aster, calendula, campanula.
  • Woody ornamental plant structures may also be treated with compositions of the invention.
  • Woody ornamental plant structures include seeds of ornamental plants such as members of the arborvitae, acer, azalea, Chamaecyparis, dogwood, euonymus, rose, forsythia, Fraser fir, hemlock, Japanese holly, juniper, Pieris, rhododendron, Taxus, white pine, maple, elm, aspen, ash, beech, oak and the like; cotton seed from which roots and shoots are able to grow.
  • Cotton seed as provided herein means seeds that are capable of germinating to at least conventional levels of germination typical of cotton seed; and seeds of the Fabaceae, such as soya bean seed from which roots and shoots are able to grow. Seeds of the Fabaceae as provided herein, means seeds that are capable of germinating to at least conventional levels of germination typical of the Fabaceae under field planting conditions. Typical seeds of the Fabaceae include soya bean seeds.
  • the organic material of the invention is selected from organic materials that can be applied to plant structures such as seeds either as a powder wherein the powder particles are of a predetermined volume mean diameter, or the powder particles are applied in liquid form, such as in an oleaginous formulation or as an aqueous formulation.
  • the organic materials employed in the invention comprise particles, such as composite particles of use in a dry powder composition of the invention and possess a volume mean diameter of a certain size as defined herein.
  • organic materials in the form of, for example, 1 to 5 kilogram blocks or tablets may be broken up or kibbled into small millimetre- sized pieces (such as from 2mm - 8mm approximate diameter in size, for example from 4mm to 6mm) in a kibbling machine.
  • the millimetre-sized pieces can then be passed through a comminuting means such as a standard mill, e.g.
  • dry powder compositions of the invention comprise particles, such as composite particles having a volume mean diameter of ⁇ 10pm, for example of 10pm, 11 pm, 12pm, 13 ⁇ , 14pm, 15 m up to 40pm or any value there in between.
  • the volume mean diameter of the composite particles is typically ⁇ 10pm or ⁇ 12 ⁇ and may lie in the range from 10pm to 200 ⁇ and may have a value that lies anywhere therein between, for example from ⁇ 10pm to 100 ⁇ ; or from ⁇ 1(tym to 40 ⁇ ; or from ⁇ 10 ⁇ to 30pm or any desired volume mean diameter value in between.
  • dry powder compositions of the invention comprise particles having a volume mean diameter of 10pm, for example of 10pm, 11pm, 12pm, 13pm, 14pm, 15pm and the like up to any volume mean diameter of choice, such as up to 200pm or any volume mean diameter in between for example 40pm or 30 ⁇ .
  • Such compositions are considered to be less of a thoracic hazard to humans and are not thought to be allergenic.
  • particles of a pre-determined volume mean diameter are suspended therein in a suspension formulation and applied to the plant structures such as seeds which are then dried using conventional drying procedures.
  • the organic material is applied to plant structures in a dry powder form; the particles of the organic material may have a volume mean diameter of any conventional size as hereinbefore described.
  • such organic materials do not include added further components such as added UV blockers or added antioxidants or the like.
  • Dry powders of the present invention may be made up of one or more organic materials that have a melting point at or above 50° Centigrade and which are of use in the present invention.
  • Suitable organic materials of use in the invention include waxes having a meiting point of ⁇ 50°C, more preferably of ⁇ 60°C, and most preferably are made up of hard waxes having a melting point of ⁇ 70°C.
  • natural waxes of use in the present invention include carnauba wax, beeswax, Chinese wax, shellac wax, spermaceti wax, yricyl palmitale, cetyl palmitate, cande/i//a wax, castor wax, ouricury wax, wool wax, sugar cane wax, retamo wax, rice bran wax and the like.
  • Synthetic waxes of use in the present invention include suitable waxes selected from paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, Polyethylene waxes, Fischer-Tropsch waxes, substituted amide waxes, polymerized a-olefins and the like.
  • Mineral waxes of use in the invention include montan wax (e.g. Lumax® Bayer) ceresin wax, ozocerite, peat wax and the like.
  • Suitable organic materials are made up of particles of a size range as herein defined and may be selected from waxes such as carnauba wax, beeswax, montan wax, Chinese wax, shellac wax, spermaceti wax, candelilla wax, castor wax, ouricury wax, and rice bran wax or mixtures of two or more thereof. Such waxes typically display a high enthalpy of lattice energy during melt.
  • the organic material is in the form of wax particles as herein described and may be selected from waxes as also herein described, such as a plant wax, for example, carnauba wax that may be applied in liquid form, that is to say, in the form of a suspension of particles.
  • wax particles of use in the invention are applied to plant structures in dry powder form as discrete particles.
  • the particles of use in the invention possess a volume mean diameter as hereinbefore described.
  • the organic particles of use in compositions of the invention may contain other components such as additives selected from UV blockers such as beta-carotene or p-amino benzoic acid, colouring agents such as optical brighteners and commercially available colouring agents such as food colouring agents, plasticisers such as glycerine or soy oil, antimicrobials such as potassium sorbate, nitrates, nitrites, propylene oxide and the like, antioxidants such as vitamin E, butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and other antioxidants that may be present, or mixtures thereof.
  • additives selected from UV blockers such as beta-carotene or p-amino benzoic acid, colouring agents such as optical brighteners and commercially available colouring agents such as food colouring agents, plasticisers such as glycerine or soy oil, antimicrobials such as potassium sorbate, nitrates, nitrites, propy
  • Liquid formulations of the invention may be formulated as an aqueous formulation or as an oleaginous formulation, depending on design.
  • Aqueous formulations may include surfactants selected from commercially available surfactants such as Tween 20, Silwet L77, Tween 80, Torpedo II, Newmans T80, Fortune, Guard, Rhino, Biopower, and the like.
  • Oleaginous formulations may contain any oil suitable for use in the present invention which may be selected from petroleum oils, such as paraffin oil, and vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, palm oil and the like.
  • Oil formulations of use in the invention contain organic particles of the invention as described herein and these in turn may be admixed with flow agents such as hydrophilic precipitated silicas, for example Sipernat 383 DS, Sipernat 320, EXP 4350, and Sipernat D-17 and the like.
  • flow agents such as hydrophilic precipitated silicas, for example Sipernat 383 DS, Sipernat 320, EXP 4350, and Sipernat D-17 and the like.
  • Such free-flowing agents may be dispersed in oils, for example, for anti-foaming purposes.
  • the liquid element should be removed from the coated plant structure after coating is achieved leaving the plant structure coated with particles, for example by drying off using conventional drying processes.
  • Coatings of organic materials of use in the present invention also serve to protect immediately planted plant structures of the invention from soil borne pathogens, that is to say, ones that are able to colonise plant structures such as seeds, and/or pathogens that populate the soil and which are capable of acting on the planted plant structures.
  • soil borne bacterial and fungal pathogens that attack cotton plants include Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Xanthomonas campestns pv malvacearum, Erwinia herbicola, Rhizoctonia spp. e.g. R. solani, Pythium spp, Sclerotium spp. such as S. rolfsii, Fusarium spp. such as F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum, Phytophthora spp., Vertici!/ium spp. such as V. dahliae, Phoma spp. such P. exigua, Alternaria spp. such as A. macrospora, A. alternate, and the like.
  • Rhizoctonia spp. e.g. R. microsclerotia active against maize; and rice; sorghum; wheat; barley; oats; and rye;
  • Aspergillus spp. such as A. flavus and A. niger (e.g. active against maize)
  • Tilfetia spp. such as T. tritici
  • T. laevis e.g. active against wheat
  • Sclerophthora spp. such as S. rayssiae, and S. graminicola (e.g. active against maize)
  • Peronosclerospora spp. such as P.
  • sorghi and P. spontanea e.g. active against maize
  • Pythium spp. e.g. active against maize; rice; sorghum; wheat; barley; oats; rye
  • Fusarium spp. e.g. active against maize; rice; sorghum; wheat; barley, oats; rye
  • Claviceps spp. such as C. purpurea (e.g. active against rye; triticale; wheat; and barley), C. africana (e.g. active against sorghum), C. gigantea (e.g. active against maize), Gibberella spp. such as G. Avenacea (e.g.
  • Burkholderia glumae e.g. active against rice
  • Pseudomonas fuscovaginae e.g. active against rice
  • Sclerophthora spp. such as S. macrospora (e.g. active against rice)
  • Cochliobolus spp. such as C. miyabeanus (e.g. active against rice)
  • Fusarium spp. active against rice, oats, wheat; maize
  • Examples of soil borne bacterial and fungal pathogens that attack ornamental plants include species of Rhizoctonia solani (e.g. active against verbena; anemone; dahlia; impatiens; primula; poinsettia), Chalara elegans (e.g. active against verbena; cyclamen), Cylindrocarpon destructans (e.g. active against cyclamen), Cylindrocladiella peruvania (e.g. active against cyclamen), Erwinia chrysanthemi (e.g. active against Euphorbia pulcherrima (poinsettia)), Pythium spp (e.g.
  • Phytophthora spp. e.g. active against impatiens; geraniums (pelargonium)
  • species such as phytophthora tentaculata (e.g. active against Chrysanthemum, Verbena, and Delphinium species, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium spp., and Verticillium spp., such as Verticilfium albo- atrum (e.g. active against woody ornamentals such as maple, elm, aspen, ash, beech, and oak; chrysanthemum) and the like.
  • Verticilfium albo- atrum e.g. active against woody ornamentals such as maple, elm, aspen, ash, beech, and oak; chrysanthemum
  • Examples of fungal pathogens that attack soya bean plants include Rhizoctonia spp. such as R. solani, Aspergillus spp., Pythium spp, Sclerotium spp. such as 5. rolfsii, Fusarium spp., Phytophthora spp., Alte naria spp., and the like.
  • Examples of soil borne bacterial and fungal pathogens that attack vegetable plants include Rhizoctonia spp. (active against e.g. beans, cucurbits; R. solani active against Brassica spp. peas; lettuces, spinach, potato), Pythium spp, (active against e.g. beans, carrot, celery, Brassica spp., cucurbits, eggplant, lentils, peas, peppers, spinach, lettuce, potato and tomato), Fusarium spp. (active against e.g. beans, cucurbits, tomato, peas, potato), Phytophthora spp. (active against e.g. beans and lentils, cucurbits, tomato, spinach, potato; P.
  • Rhizoctonia spp. active against e.g. beans, cucurbits; R. solani active against Brassica spp. peas; lettuces, spinach, potato
  • Pythium spp active against e.g. beans, carrot, celery
  • V. afbo-afrurn and V. dahliae active against Brassica spp., tomato, potato
  • Sclerotium spp. active against e.g. beans
  • Agrobacterium tumefaciens active against Brassica and Raphunus spp.
  • Phoma spp.(active against peas) such as Phoma lingam (active against Brassica spp.), Erwinia spp. (active against cucurbits, tomato, lettuces, potato), Pseudomonas spp. (active against cucurbits, tomato, spinach, potato), Alternaria spp. (active against cucurbits, lettuces, peas, tomato, potato), Penicillium spp. (active against cucurbits), Streptomyces spp. (active against potato), and the like.
  • Examples of soil borne bacterial and fungal pathogens that attack oilseed plants include Rhizoctonia spp. (active against e.g. rapeseed, canola, cotton; R. solani active against ⁇ . napus and B. campestris), Peronospora spp. such as P. parasitica (active against B. napus and B. campestris) Pythium spp, (active against e.g. canola and oilseed rape, sunflower; cotton), Fusarium spp. (active against sunflower; cotton) such as F. oxysporum (active against e.g. canola and oilseed rape), Phytophthora spp. (active against e.g.
  • canola and oilseed rape e.g. P. megasperma
  • Verticillium spp. active against sunflower
  • V. longisporum active against Brassica spp. such as ⁇ . napus and B. campestns
  • Sclerotium spp. active against e.g. canola
  • Agrobacterium tumefaciens active against sunflower and Brassica spp. e.g. canola
  • Phoma spp. active against sunflower
  • Phoma lingam active against Srassfca spp.
  • Pseudomonas spp. active against sunflower
  • canola e.g. P. syringae pv maculicola
  • Alternaria spp. active against canola, sunflower, cotton, and the like.
  • organic material in the form of particles in the manufacture of a plant structure coating composition as defined herein.
  • the organic materials are selected from one or more organic materials having a melting point of >50°Centigrade, more preferably of ⁇ 6Q°C and most preferably are made up of hard waxes having a melting point of ⁇ 70°C.
  • natural waxes of use in the present invention include carnauba wax, beeswax, Chinese wax, shellac wax, spermaceti wax, myricyl palmitate, cetyl palmitate, candelilla wax, castor wax, ouricury wax, wool wax, sugar cane wax, retamo wax, rice bran wax and the like.
  • Synthetic waxes of use in the present invention include suitable waxes selected from paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, Polyethylene waxes, Fischer-Tropsch waxes, substituted amide waxes, polymerized a-olefins and the like.
  • Mineral waxes of use in the invention include montan wax (e.g. Lumax® Bayer) ceresin wax, ozocerite, peat wax and the like.
  • Suitable organic materials include carnauba wax, beeswax, montan wax, Chinese wax, shellac wax, spermaceti wax, candelilla wax, castor wax, ouricury wax, and rice bran wax or a mixture of one or more thereof, and preferably, the plant structure coating that is used includes carnauba wax. More preferably, the plant structure coating consists essentially of a single wax, such as carnauba wax as a primary component and does not include a second wax.
  • the organic particles have a mean volume diameter ⁇ 10pm, such as from >10pm to 200 ⁇ , as herein described and as appropriate for the plant structures to which the particles are to be applied.
  • the size of the organic particles to be applied to plant structures will depend on the size of the plant structure, and the type or form of the plant structure that is contemplated for coating.
  • the organic material in this aspect of the invention may be selected from organic materials such as from organic waxes having a melting point of >50°C, more preferably of ⁇ 60°C, and most preferably the organic material is made up of at least one hard wax having a melting point of 70°C.
  • natural waxes of use in the present invention include carnauba wax, beeswax, Chinese wax, shellac wax, spermaceti wax, myricyl palmitate, cetyl palmitate, candelilla wax, castor wax, ouricury wax, wool wax, sugar cane wax, retamo wax, rice bran wax and the like.
  • Synthetic waxes of use in the present invention include suitable waxes selected from paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, Polyethylene waxes, Fischer-Tropsch waxes, substituted amide waxes, polymerized a-olefins and the like.
  • Mineral waxes of use in the invention include montan wax (e.g. Lumax® Bayer) ceresin wax, ozocerite, peat wax and the like.
  • Suitable waxes for use in the invention include carnauba wax, beeswax, montan wax, Chinese wax, shellac wax, spermaceti wax, candelilla wax, castor wax, ouricury wax, and rice bran wax or a mixture of one or more thereof.
  • the selected organic material includes a substantial proportion of carnauba wax up to 100%, for example 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%) or more or any proportion therein between, the rest being made up of at least one other organic material compatible for purpose and as herein defined.
  • the selected organic material is solely carnauba wax which may contain further added components as herein defined, such as UV blockers, antioxidants such as vitamin E and the like.
  • a plant structure coating composition such as a seed coating composition produced by the method as described herein.
  • a coating composition as described herein for use on plant structures such as seeds.
  • the plant structure may be selected from oilseeds, vegetable seeds, cotton seeds, monocotyledon seeds, ornamental plant seeds or seeds of the Fabaceae, such as soya bean seeds.
  • organic material as a population of separate particles of a pre-determined VMD, such as ⁇ 10pm, for example within the range ⁇ 10pm - 200pm;
  • the coating composition preferably comprises a particulate composition that is applied to plant structures in dry particulate form.
  • the coating composition comprises an organic material selected from waxes having a melting temperature of >50°Centigrade.
  • the wax may be selected from carnauba wax, beeswax, montan wax, Chinese wax, shellac wax, spermaceti wax, candelilla wax, castor wax, ouricury wax, and rice bran wax or mixtures of two or more thereof.
  • plant structure viability includes such factors as extremes of heat, loss of moisture and the presence of pathogens such as bacteria and/or fungi.
  • pathogens such as bacteria and/or fungi.
  • predetermined VMD will be appropriate to the seed size of the plant structures to which the coating is to be applied.
  • a method of coating plant structures with a coating composition that comprises an organic material comprising i) obtaining organic material selected from waxes suitable for coating plant structures;
  • step iv) machining the solid organic material of step iii) into particles of a pre-determined VMD as herein defined;
  • the organic material of use in the invention may comprise one or more organic materials selected from organic materials as herein defined.
  • the organic material is carnauba wax.
  • two or more organic materials of use in the invention are employed as the organic material in a plant structure coating composition of the invention they may be heated together so as to form a liquid phase or a gaseous phase during which phases the organic material may be mixed, if required.
  • the organic materials may be cooled to below the melting point of the organic material possessing the lowest melting point in the liquid phase (where a gas phase is employed, this will be cooled to a liquid phase), forming a solid which may then be machined, such as by comminution, into particles of a pre-determined VMD as herein defined using conventional procedures.
  • the organic material is in the form of particles of a known VMD, such as dry particles, it may be applied to plant structures, such as seeds, using conventional means, e.g. by tumbling in a drum mixer.
  • the treatment composition is applied to the plant structures in dry particulate form or in liquid form as hereinbefore described, and preferably in dry particulate form.
  • the organic carrier material in the above aspect and variant aspect of the invention may be selected from organic materials selected from organic waxes having a melting point of >50°C, more preferably of ⁇ 60°C, and most preferably are made up of hard waxes having a melting point of ⁇ 70°C.
  • Suitable waxes for use in the invention include carnauba wax, beeswax, montan wax, Chinese wax, shellac wax, spermaceti wax, candelilla wax, castor wax, ouricury wax, and rice bran wax or a mixture of one or more thereof.
  • the selected organic material includes a substantial proportion of carnauba wax up to 100%, for example 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or more or any proportion therein between, the rest being made up of at least one other organic material as herein defined.
  • the selected organic material is solely carnauba wax which may contain further added components as herein defined, such as UV blockers, antioxidants such as vitamin E and the like.
  • the particles of use in the above aspect of the invention and the variant aspect of the invention possess a volume mean diameter of >10pm, such as >12pm such as in the range of from ⁇ 10pm to 200pm, for example from ⁇ 10pm to 100pm; or from ⁇ 10pm to 40pm; or from ⁇ 10 ⁇ to 30pm or any desired volume mean diameter value in between.
  • dry powder compositions of the invention comprise particles having a volume mean diameter as hereindescribed.
  • a plant structure composition as described herein in controlling soil born pathogen contact with plant structures selected from seeds, bulbs, roots, tubers including seed tubers, rhizomes, and corms.
  • the plant structure composition is a seed coating composition.
  • a plant structure composition as herein described in controlling germination delay in plant structures selected from seeds, bulbs, roots, tubers including seed tubers, rhizomes, and corms.
  • the plant structure composition is a seed coating composition.
  • a seed coating composition of the invention in controlling germination delay in seeds.
  • the seeds are selected from seeds of oil seed bearing plants, seeds of vegetable plants, cotton seeds, seeds of monocotyledonous plants, seeds of ornamental plants or seeds of plants of the Fabaceae, such as soya bean seeds.
  • Examples of the kind of plant species that the above two use aspects of the invention may be applied include those as hereinbefore defined.
  • Canola seeds are supplied in sealed bags at low humidity. Once opened seeds are likely to gain or lose moisture in exchange with the ambient air. As moisture content is a key component in both germination and storage (Welty Phytopathology, 1987 and Ellis, Annals of Botany 1990) initial determination of moisture content is essential to identify potential variability.
  • a sample of seed is checked for purity and any broken seed and contaminants (e.g. weed seeds ) removed.
  • Two 5g subsamples of whole seed are placed in oven proof containers with lids and weighed to determine the wet weight.
  • the containers are then placed in a forced air circulation oven for 16 hours at 105°C ⁇ 2"C. Lids are removed during drying but are also placed in the oven.
  • the samples are then placed in a desiccator to cool for 20 minutes before being weighed a second time to determine their dry weight.
  • the lids are placed on the containers while cooling and weighing. The loss of weight represents the weight of water in the undried sample. This weight is divided by the wet weight to obtain the percentage moisture content.
  • the optimum conditions for germination including: temperature, humidity and light regime are supplied by the seed merchant are adhered to.
  • Seeds are sterilised using a 4% sodium hypochlorite solution and then well rinsed with sterile water to destroy any fungal or bacterial spores present on the testa, some of which may be pathogenic and therefore effect germination and/or growth. Treatments
  • a homogeneous mix is attained through tumbling seed and carnauba wax formulation in a cylinder, adapted to produce lateral mixing/tumbling through the inclusion of angled interior vanes, placed on a Wheaton roller (Wheaton Industries Inc., NJ, USA) for 30 minutes.
  • the samples are then placed in incubators set at the optimal conditions for germinations based on information from the seed supplier (Herbiseed, Twyford, UK).
  • Germination is the number of normal seedlings produced from the 25 seeds expressed as a percentage. A normal seedling has all the essential plant structures necessary for the plant to continue to grow normally under favourable conditions. Germination testes are performed in cooled incubators (Thermocabinet, Tintometer, UK) with temperature ⁇ 1°C. Samples are randomised with the incubator based on a block design.
  • germination energy is recorded. This is defined as the germination percentage when the mean daily germination (cumulative germination percentage/time elapsed since sowing) reaches its peak. This is used as a measure of germination speed and potential seedling vigour.
  • Germination Value is a composite value combining germination speed and total germination.
  • DG daily germination speed obtained by dividing the cumulative germination percentage by the no. of days since sowing
  • DGs the total germination obtained by adding every DG value obtained from the daily counts. Germination value will be used in the statistical analysis of the data with ANOVA.
  • a uniform sample of 100 seeds (size and colour) is selected from the batch.
  • the pots are filled with a sieved, heat-sterilised potting mix (John Innes Seed Compost) nearly to the brim. They are then lightly tamped and watered using a fine rose. A single seed is then placed on the surface of the soil and covered with a thin layer of sieved compost or light sand to a depth of 2-3x the diameter of the seed, as per supplier recommendation.
  • a sieved, heat-sterilised potting mix John Innes Seed Compost
  • Pots are then placed in a thermostatically controlled electric heated propagator (Vitopod, Garden Sensations, UK).
  • the pots are divided into four blocks with 18 pots per block (3 replicates of each treatment). Pots are randomised within blocks to reduce the possibility of variation as a result of environmental conditions.
  • T5 lighting array suspended 150mm above the propagator (Lightwave T5, 48w, 3300 lumens).
  • T5 tubes (6500 Kelvin) deliver the bright blue/white light required by the plant for growth without emitting much heat which may scorch tender seedlings.
  • the treatment producing the best germination results is used to assess the effect of carnauba wax particles on the storage longevity of seeds.
  • the first set of samples is placed in sealed bags and stored under optimal conditions (temperature and moisture content).
  • the second set is stored in containers at room temperature.
  • the optimum conditions for germination including: temperature, humidity and light regime are supplied by the seed merchant and were followed.
  • Seeds are sterilised using a 4% sodium hypochlorite solution and then well rinsed with sterile water to destroy any pathogenic fungal or bacterial spores present on the testa that may affect germination and/or growth.
  • T t - tumbled seed (application method control)
  • T 2 - seed + camauba wax particles ( 5pm V D) at 0.01 % (by mass)
  • a homogeneous mix is attained through tumbling seed and carnauba wax formulation in a cylinder, adapted to produce lateral mixing/tumbling through the inclusion of angled interior vanes, placed on a Wheaton roller (Wheaton Industries Inc., NJ, USA) for 30 minutes.
  • the samples are then placed in incubators set at 25°C.
  • Germination is the number of normal seedlings produced from the 25 seeds expressed as a percentage. A normal seedling has all the essential plant structures necessary for the plant to continue to grow normally under favourable conditions. Germination tests are performed in cooled incubators (Thermocabinet, Tintometer, UK) with temperature ⁇ 1 °C. Samples are randomised with the incubator based on a block design.
  • Entostat 3 1 1.0 3.7 0.30 0.827
  • Delayed germination may be useful if a stand is to be sown at different times and uniform emergence is required. Equally, this could be beneficial if the planting of the crop is to be staggered to facilitate harvesting.
  • a uniform sample of 400 seeds (size and colour) is selected from the batch ("Sesame", LS Plant Breeding) and half is treated with Entostat (0.1% by mass). The remaining half is used as the untreated control.
  • a sample of commercially treated seed (“Sesame”, LS Plant Breeding, treated with Modesto) was used as a third treatment. Each treatment is replicated three times.
  • the pots are filled with a sieved, heat-sterilised seed mix (Levingtons F1 Seed and Modular Compost - Low Nutrient)) to level with the top of the cell. They are then lightly tamped and 30ml of deionised water added to each cell through a course filter. A single seed is then placed on the surface of the soi/ and covered with a thin layer of verm/cu/ite to a depth of 2-3x the diameter of the seed, as per supplier recommendation. The trays are placed within plastic gravel trays (two per tray) which are lined with capillary matting to aid watering.
  • a sieved, heat-sterilised seed mix Levingtons F1 Seed and Modular Compost - Low Nutrient
  • the gravel trays are then placed in a thermostatically controlled electric heated propagator (Vitopod, Garden Sensations, UK). Trays are randomised within blocks to reduce the possibility of variation as a result of environmental conditions.
  • T5 lighting array suspended 150mm above the propagator (Lightwave T5, 4 x 48w, 16,600 lumens).
  • T5 tubes (6500 Kelvin) deliver the bright blue/white light required by the plant for growth without emitting much heat which may scorch tender seedlings.
  • Test seed was obtained from Herbiseeds (Twyford, UK) and lower grade or older seed was deliberately selected in order to highlight any trends.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition d'enrobage destinée à être appliquée sur des structures végétales, notamment des semences, pouvant produire des racines et des pousses. Cette composition d'enrobage contient une ou plusieurs matières organiques qui présentent un point de fusion supérieur ou égal à 50°C. L'invention concerne également des procédés de fabrication de telles compositions et de semences enrobées associées.
PCT/GB2012/000362 2011-04-20 2012-04-19 Composition d'enrobage pour structures végétales Ceased WO2012143680A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1106754.3 2011-04-20
GBGB1106751.9A GB201106751D0 (en) 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 Coating composition for soybean seed
GB1106749.3 2011-04-20
GB1106752.7 2011-04-20
GB1106753.5 2011-04-20
GB1106755.0 2011-04-20
GBGB1106755.0A GB201106755D0 (en) 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 Coating composition for cotton seed
GBGB1106752.7A GB201106752D0 (en) 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 Coating composition for ornamentals
GBGB1106749.3A GB201106749D0 (en) 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 Coating compositon for oilseeds
GBGB1106754.3A GB201106754D0 (en) 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 Coating composition
GB1106751.9 2011-04-20
GBGB1106753.5A GB201106753D0 (en) 2011-04-20 2011-04-20 Vegetable plant structure coating composition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012143680A2 true WO2012143680A2 (fr) 2012-10-26
WO2012143680A3 WO2012143680A3 (fr) 2013-06-06

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WO (1) WO2012143680A2 (fr)

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CN103843535A (zh) * 2013-11-29 2014-06-11 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 一种大、小麦种子的保存方法
CN112823629A (zh) * 2019-11-21 2021-05-21 沈阳中化农药化工研发有限公司 一种含双酰胺类化合物的种子处理剂及其应用
CN112823630A (zh) * 2019-11-21 2021-05-21 沈阳中化农药化工研发有限公司 一种杀菌用种子处理剂
CN117356560A (zh) * 2023-09-22 2024-01-09 华南农业大学 一种用于种子蜡封贮藏的蜡封组合物及其应用

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CN104222072B (zh) * 2014-08-27 2016-06-29 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 一种亚麻种子玻璃化超低温保存方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103843535A (zh) * 2013-11-29 2014-06-11 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 一种大、小麦种子的保存方法
CN103843535B (zh) * 2013-11-29 2016-03-30 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 一种大、小麦种子的保存方法
CN112823629A (zh) * 2019-11-21 2021-05-21 沈阳中化农药化工研发有限公司 一种含双酰胺类化合物的种子处理剂及其应用
CN112823630A (zh) * 2019-11-21 2021-05-21 沈阳中化农药化工研发有限公司 一种杀菌用种子处理剂
CN112823630B (zh) * 2019-11-21 2021-11-23 沈阳中化农药化工研发有限公司 一种杀菌用种子处理剂
CN117356560A (zh) * 2023-09-22 2024-01-09 华南农业大学 一种用于种子蜡封贮藏的蜡封组合物及其应用

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