WO2012153464A1 - Anode de batterie au plomb, et batterie au plomb - Google Patents

Anode de batterie au plomb, et batterie au plomb Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012153464A1
WO2012153464A1 PCT/JP2012/002621 JP2012002621W WO2012153464A1 WO 2012153464 A1 WO2012153464 A1 WO 2012153464A1 JP 2012002621 W JP2012002621 W JP 2012002621W WO 2012153464 A1 WO2012153464 A1 WO 2012153464A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
negative electrode
lead
alloy layer
grid
active material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2012/002621
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
岬 原田
一宏 杉江
一彦 下田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Corp
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Panasonic Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Panasonic Corp filed Critical Panasonic Corp
Priority to JP2013513910A priority Critical patent/JPWO2012153464A1/ja
Priority to CN201280010924.9A priority patent/CN103403933B/zh
Priority to DE112012002048.0T priority patent/DE112012002048B4/de
Publication of WO2012153464A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012153464A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/14—Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M4/16—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/20—Processes of manufacture of pasted electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/68—Selection of materials for use in lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M4/685—Lead alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/72—Grids
    • H01M4/73—Grids for lead-acid accumulators, e.g. frame plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lead-acid battery having an alloy layer containing antimony on a part of the surface of the negative electrode grid.
  • the first concern is that the positive electrode active material promotes to drop out of the positive electrode.
  • PbO 2 of the positive electrode active material and Pb of the negative electrode active material exchange electrons with H 2 SO 4 of the electrolytic solution by redox reaction.
  • the active material becomes PbSO 4 for both the positive electrode and the negative electrode, but when these are charged, they return to PbO 2 (positive electrode) and Pb (negative electrode) again. Therefore, the crystal structure of the active material of the positive electrode and the negative electrode changes each time charge and discharge are repeated, and in particular, when charge and discharge are repeated, the bonding strength between the active materials decreases to cause softening (softening).
  • the positive electrode active material When the softening of the positive electrode active material progresses, the positive electrode active material is gradually dropped from the positive electrode, so the capacity of the battery is reduced. This phenomenon is more likely to progress as the DOD increases. However, since the internal resistance gradually increases in this phenomenon, it is possible for the user to infer the end of the life due to this phenomenon from the transition of the internal resistance.
  • the second concern is the sudden death due to the breakage of the negative electrode ear (tab-like part for current collection). Sudden death is a phenomenon in which charging and discharging can not be performed suddenly without any foreknowledge.
  • a phenomenon (sulfation) in which a large PbSO 4 crystal is generated to easily inactivate (sulfation) tends to progress.
  • this site is remarkably inactive, and when charging is started in this state, the negative electrode ear with small polarization becomes thin by becoming an active material. Repeating this causes the negative electrode ear to break suddenly and lose its function as a battery. Since this phenomenon can not be suddenly discharged, it is impossible for the user to guess the end of the life from the transition of the internal resistance.
  • Patent Document 1 a technique as disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been proposed.
  • the present invention is intended to solve this problem, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a lead-acid battery negative electrode and a lead-acid battery suitable for idling-stop vehicles, which do not suddenly die even when exposed to a region where DOD is significantly large. .
  • the negative electrode for a lead-acid battery of the present invention is a negative electrode for a lead-acid battery comprising a lattice made of a lead alloy not containing antimony and an active material paste filled in the lattice, One end of the grid is provided with a tab for electrically connecting to another negative electrode, and a part of the surface of the grid is provided with an alloy layer containing antimony, and the grid On the side of the end opposite to one end, the alloy layer is covered with the active material paste and has a non-exposed configuration.
  • the antimony concentration in the alloy layer is preferably 0.1% by mass to 10% by mass, and the antimony concentration in the alloy layer is more preferably 1% by mass to 5% by mass.
  • the thickness of the alloy layer is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
  • a positive electrode formed by filling an active material paste in a grid made of lead alloy and the above-mentioned negative electrode for lead-acid battery are made to face each other through a separator to form an electrode plate group. It has the composition stored in the tank.
  • an alloy layer containing antimony may be provided on the surface of the grid of the positive electrode.
  • the lead storage battery of the present invention When the lead storage battery of the present invention is used, it is caused by the winding up and adhesion of the dropped positive electrode active material, even when the discharge reaching the region where the DOD is significantly large is frequently repeated as in an idling stop car with controlled charging opportunities. It becomes possible to extend the life by preventing the internal short circuit.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that a local battery is formed at the interface between the alloy layer containing antimony and the lattice to generate gas with convection, so the dropout of the positive electrode active material is We found that it was easy to deposit on the top. Based on this finding, the alloy layer containing antimony which is essential for prolonging the life of the negative electrode prevents the interface between the alloy layer and the negative electrode grid itself from being exposed to the electrolyte at the lowermost portion as in Patent Document 1 I decided. Specifically, in the lower part of the negative electrode grid, the boundary between the alloy layer and the negative electrode grid itself is covered with the negative electrode active material so as not to be exposed, or the alloy layer is not provided at the lowermost part.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a grid used for the lead-acid battery negative electrode of the embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the lead-acid battery negative electrode of the embodiment.
  • the lattice shown in FIG. 1 is a reciprocal expanded lattice (made of lead alloy), and can contain calcium, tin and the like in addition to lead.
  • the lead alloy constituting the grid does not contain antimony.
  • it is the skeleton of the lattice that does not contain antimony, and an alloy layer containing antimony is formed on part of the surface of the lattice as described later.
  • a mesh portion 3 having a substantially rhombus shape is connected under the upper frame portion 1 having the ear portion (tab portion) 2.
  • a lower frame part is connected below the mesh part 3 further.
  • the alloy layer 4 containing antimony is provided on the surface of the lattice 20 excluding the lowermost portion, and the alloy layer 4 is not exposed at the lowermost portion.
  • FIG. 3 is a view showing a schematic configuration inside a lead storage battery according to a comparative embodiment.
  • the electrolyte is not shown and not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the alloy layer 4 containing antimony is provided up to the lowermost part of the negative electrode grid 20 in the negative electrode 9 b located on the left side of FIG. 3, and the negative electrode grid 20 containing no antimony and the alloy layer containing antimony at the lowermost part Both 4 and 4 are exposed, and the boundary between the two is also exposed in the electrolyte.
  • the positive electrode 9a is located on the right side of FIG.
  • the positive electrode 9 a is formed by filling the positive electrode grid 30 with the positive electrode active material 6.
  • a separator 9c is placed between the positive electrode 9a and the negative electrode 9b.
  • the softened positive electrode active material 6 falls off from the positive electrode 9a relatively early and deposits.
  • the alloy layer 4 containing antimony is provided on the surface down to the lowermost part of the negative electrode grid 20, as shown in FIG.
  • An interface between the alloy layer 4 and the negative electrode grid 20 exists at the lowermost part of the near negative electrode 9 b (A in the figure). The part of this interface becomes a local battery. The gas generated by this local cell causes convection as shown by the solid arrow.
  • the dropout 6a of the positive electrode active material 6 is carried to the upper part of the positive electrode 9a and the negative electrode 9b and deposited on the positive electrode 9a and the negative electrode 9b.
  • the dropout 6a is deposited on the positive electrode 9a and the negative electrode 9b, the interelectrode distance between the positive electrode 9a and the negative electrode 9b is locally reduced.
  • Dropouts 6a of the positive electrode active material 6 deposited on top of the positive electrode 9a and the negative electrode 9b are reduced to PbO 2 (positive electrode) and Pb (negative electrode) by charging. As a result, an internal short circuit occurs at a point where the distance between the electrodes is locally reduced.
  • the alloy layer 4 is not provided to the lowermost part of the negative electrode grid 20 as in the comparative embodiment, but is provided excluding the lowermost part as shown in FIG.
  • the interface between the alloy layer 4 and the negative electrode grid 20 is covered with the negative electrode active material 5 so as not to be exposed (B in the figure).
  • no gas is generated at the lowermost portion of the negative electrode 9b, and the opportunity for the dropouts 6a of the positive electrode active material 6 to be transported to the upper portions of the positive electrode 9a and the negative electrode 9b by convection is reduced significantly.
  • the antimony concentration in the alloy layer 4 By setting the antimony concentration in the alloy layer 4 to 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, the effects of the present embodiment become remarkable.
  • the antimony concentration of the alloy layer 4 may be 0.1 mass% or more, but when the antimony concentration of the alloy layer 4 is 10 mass% or more As the charging current significantly increases, the gas generation amount also increases, and it is easy to roll up the dropouts 6a of the positive electrode active material deposited on the bottom, and the effect of the present embodiment is reduced.
  • the thickness of the alloy layer 4 may be 0.1 ⁇ m or more in order to improve the charge acceptance and prolong the life of the negative electrode, but when the thickness of the alloy layer 4 is 500 ⁇ m or more, the charging current significantly increases. As a result, the amount of gas generation increases, and it becomes easy to roll up the dropout 6a of the positive electrode active material deposited on the bottom, and the effect of the present embodiment is reduced.
  • the alloy layer 4 may contain tin, silver or the like in addition to antimony and lead.
  • the aspect (lower frame portion shown in FIG. 4) that “at the lowermost portion of the negative electrode grid 20, the alloy layer 4 containing antimony is covered with the negative electrode active material paste 5 and not exposed” which is the feature of this embodiment
  • the active material paste 5 is not limited to the lower frame portion).
  • the alloy layer 4 may be provided on the upper portion of the lower frame portion, or the alloy layer 4 may not be provided on the lower portion of the mesh portion 3. That is, the alloy layer 4 is not exposed at the lowermost part of the lattice 20 so that the convection shown in FIG. 3 does not occur, and as a result, neither the adjacent lattice 20 nor the alloy layer 4 is exposed together. It is the gist of this embodiment to do so.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of the lead storage battery of the present embodiment.
  • the battery case 7 is an integral resin molded product formed of a partition 7a for dividing the inside into a plurality of cell chambers 8, a short side 7b, a long side 7c, and a bottom surface (not shown).
  • a partition 7a for dividing the inside into a plurality of cell chambers 8, a short side 7b, a long side 7c, and a bottom surface (not shown).
  • an electrode plate group 9 in which the positive electrode 9a and the negative electrode 9b of the present embodiment are opposed to each other via the separator 9c is accommodated and an electrolytic solution (not shown).
  • the ear parts (2 in the case of the negative electrode) of the electrode plates (positive electrode 9a and negative electrode 9b) of the same polarity in each electrode plate group 9 are connected to one connection component 10, and further through the through holes provided in the partition 7a.
  • the connection parts 10 of different polarity of the adjacent electrode plate group 9 are brought into contact with each other, and this contact portion is resistance-welded under predetermined conditions.
  • the ear of the positive electrode 9a of the cell chamber 8 at one end is connected to a positive pole (not shown) and the ear 2 of the negative electrode 9b of the cell chamber 8 at the other end is a negative pole (not shown) Connection).
  • the respective pole columns are connected to the bushing (not shown) integrated with the lid 11 to form the terminals 12, the lead storage battery of this embodiment Is configured.
  • the lead storage battery of this embodiment The performance is further improved.
  • Lead oxide powder is kneaded with sulfuric acid and purified water to make a positive electrode active material paste, and a rolled sheet (the composition is a lead-calcium alloy) with a lead-tin-antimony alloy layer provided on the surface is expanded by a reciprocating method
  • the active material paste was filled in a positive electrode grid 30 obtained by development, to produce a positive electrode 9a.
  • an additive made of lead-tin-antimony is prepared by kneading an additive prepared by adding an organic additive, barium sulfate, carbon or the like to lead oxide powder according to a conventional method with sulfuric acid and purified water to prepare a negative electrode active material paste.
  • the active material paste is filled in a negative electrode grid 20 obtained by expanding and expanding a rolled sheet (composition is a lead-tin-calcium alloy) provided with a layer 4 on the surface under various conditions (details will be described later).
  • the negative electrode 9 b (length 115 mm) was produced.
  • the rolled sheet does not contain antimony.
  • the positive electrode 9a is wrapped with a bag-like separator 9c made of polyethylene, alternately stacked with the negative electrode 9b, and the respective ear parts are welded to the connection component 10 Group 9 was made. Then, the electrode plate group 9 is inserted into each cell chamber 8 of the battery case 7 consisting of six cell chambers 8, and the connection component 10 is welded through the hole provided in the partition 7a, and the electrode plate group 9 is in series. It was made to be connected.
  • the lid 11 was attached to the battery case 7 by welding, and the terminal 12 was formed by welding the bushing and the pole post.
  • an electrolytic solution consisting of dilute sulfuric acid is put in all the cell chambers 8, and by performing battery cell formation, the specific gravity of the electrolytic solution is adjusted to be 1.280 g / cm 3 (20 ° C. conversion value), and 12V48 Ah Lead-acid batteries were manufactured.
  • the examination was divided into three stages. First, in order to examine the compatible range of the present embodiment, the antimony concentration of the alloy layer 4 was 2% by mass, the thickness was constant at 10 ⁇ m, and it was examined on which surface of the lattice 20 the alloy layer 4 was provided.
  • the conditions are shown in (Table 1).
  • “upper part”, “lower part” and “intermediate part” of the grid indicate respective parts obtained by vertically dividing the grid into five as shown in FIG. That is, “upper part” indicates the top 1/5, “lower” indicates the area obtained by subtracting "lower part” described later from the lowermost 1/5, and “middle part” indicates the middle 3/5. And “the lowermost part” points out the field to 5 mm above from the lower end of a lattice.
  • the portion where the alloy layer 4 is provided on the surface of the lattice 20 is "any portion except for the lowermost portion", and the thickness of the alloy layer 4 is constant 10 ⁇ m. Changes the antimony concentration of The conditions are shown in (Table 2).
  • the location where the alloy layer 4 is provided on the surface of the lattice is "any place except the lowermost part", and the antimony concentration of the alloy layer 4 is constant at 2% by mass.
  • the thickness of layer 4 was varied. The conditions are shown in (Table 3).
  • a life test of an idling stop specification in which an opportunity for charging was controlled was performed. Specifically, as described below, a pattern improved based on the battery industry standard (SBA S 0101) was used. Specifically, assuming that the tank temperature is 25 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C (the wind speed near the lead storage battery is 2.0 m / s or less), perform the following “A ⁇ B” once and then “C ⁇ D” 4 The pattern to be repeated was one cycle, and E was performed once every 50 cycles.
  • ⁇ is an actual measurement value (%) of DOD calculated from the total amount of discharge (total amount of discharged electricity) in A and C in one cycle and the rated capacity of the lead storage battery.
  • the "lowermost portion” is a region 5 mm above the lowermost end of the lattice (1/23 of the lowermost at a total length of 115 mm), but with the alloy layer 4 at the lowermost end of the lattice It is needless to say that it can be defined as the "lowermost part" in the present embodiment, as long as there is no interface. For example, sample no. From the fact that 1 and 2 show sufficient characteristics, it can be understood that when the grid is divided into five in the vertical direction, the region from the lowermost end of the grid to 1 ⁇ 5 is suitable as the lowermost region.
  • the mesh shape of the negative electrode grid is not limited to the rhombus, and may be rectangular or circular.
  • Materials, compositions and the like of the negative electrode grid, the positive electrode grid, the negative electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material may be any known materials and compositions.
  • the sizes of the negative electrode and the positive electrode are not limited to the sizes of the embodiments.
  • the lead-acid battery of the present invention is capable of suppressing internal short circuit and obtaining good life characteristics in an environment where frequent deep discharges such as idling stop are performed while controlling the charge opportunity, and it is industrially It is extremely useful.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une anode de batterie au plomb qui comprend un réseau d'un alliage de plomb qui ne comprend pas d'antimoine, et une pâte de matière active qui est infusée dans le réseau. Une partie languette pour la connexion électrique à une autre anode est disposée sur une extrémité du réseau. Une couche d'alliage comprenant de l'antimoine est disposée sur une partie d'une surface du réseau. La couche d'alliage est couverte de la pâte de matière active et n'est pas exposée sur le côté de l'extrémité du réseau sur le côté opposé de l'extrémité de celui-ci.
PCT/JP2012/002621 2011-05-12 2012-04-16 Anode de batterie au plomb, et batterie au plomb Ceased WO2012153464A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013513910A JPWO2012153464A1 (ja) 2011-05-12 2012-04-16 鉛蓄電池用負極および鉛蓄電池
CN201280010924.9A CN103403933B (zh) 2011-05-12 2012-04-16 铅蓄电池用负极及铅蓄电池
DE112012002048.0T DE112012002048B4 (de) 2011-05-12 2012-04-16 Negative Elektrode für einen Bleiakkumulator sowie Bleiakkumulator

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2011-106847 2011-05-12
JP2011106847 2011-05-12

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WO2012153464A1 true WO2012153464A1 (fr) 2012-11-15

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CN (1) CN103403933B (fr)
DE (1) DE112012002048B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012153464A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014087565A1 (fr) * 2012-12-03 2014-06-12 パナソニック株式会社 Grille de batterie d'accumulateurs plomb-acide et batterie d'accumulateurs plomb-acide
WO2014097522A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 パナソニック株式会社 Batterie au plomb-acide
JP2015022796A (ja) * 2013-07-16 2015-02-02 パナソニック株式会社 鉛蓄電池
JP2017067596A (ja) * 2015-09-30 2017-04-06 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ 酸素センサ

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WO2017159299A1 (fr) * 2016-03-15 2017-09-21 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ Accumulateur au plomb

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WO2009142220A1 (fr) * 2008-05-20 2009-11-26 株式会社ジーエス・ユアサコーポレーション Batterie au plomb et son procédé de fabrication
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CN101048900B (zh) * 2004-11-08 2010-06-16 株式会社杰士汤浅 铅蓄电池用负极集电体
US20080131774A1 (en) * 2005-11-08 2008-06-05 Yuichi Tsuboi Negative Electrode Current Collector for Lead Storage Battery and Lead Storage Battery Including the Same
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JPH0346762A (ja) * 1989-07-13 1991-02-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 鉛蓄電池用極板
JP2005302395A (ja) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 鉛蓄電池
JP2006156371A (ja) * 2004-11-08 2006-06-15 Gs Yuasa Corporation:Kk 鉛蓄電池用負極集電体
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014087565A1 (fr) * 2012-12-03 2014-06-12 パナソニック株式会社 Grille de batterie d'accumulateurs plomb-acide et batterie d'accumulateurs plomb-acide
WO2014097522A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 パナソニック株式会社 Batterie au plomb-acide
JP5587523B1 (ja) * 2012-12-21 2014-09-10 パナソニック株式会社 鉛蓄電池
CN104471781A (zh) * 2012-12-21 2015-03-25 松下知识产权经营株式会社 铅蓄电池
CN104471781B (zh) * 2012-12-21 2016-04-06 松下知识产权经营株式会社 铅蓄电池
CN105514504A (zh) * 2012-12-21 2016-04-20 松下知识产权经营株式会社 铅蓄电池
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DE112013003880B4 (de) 2012-12-21 2026-03-26 Gs Yuasa International Ltd. Bleiakkumulator
JP2015022796A (ja) * 2013-07-16 2015-02-02 パナソニック株式会社 鉛蓄電池
JP2017067596A (ja) * 2015-09-30 2017-04-06 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ 酸素センサ

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JPWO2012153464A1 (ja) 2014-07-31
DE112012002048T5 (de) 2014-02-06
CN103403933A (zh) 2013-11-20
DE112012002048B4 (de) 2025-08-21
CN103403933B (zh) 2016-07-06

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