WO2012159599A1 - Éolienne à circuit de refroidissement fermé - Google Patents

Éolienne à circuit de refroidissement fermé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012159599A1
WO2012159599A1 PCT/DE2012/000454 DE2012000454W WO2012159599A1 WO 2012159599 A1 WO2012159599 A1 WO 2012159599A1 DE 2012000454 W DE2012000454 W DE 2012000454W WO 2012159599 A1 WO2012159599 A1 WO 2012159599A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
heat exchanger
nacelle
interior
wind turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2012/000454
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sönke Siegfriedsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aerodyn Engineering GmbH
Original Assignee
Aerodyn Engineering GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aerodyn Engineering GmbH filed Critical Aerodyn Engineering GmbH
Publication of WO2012159599A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012159599A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/60—Cooling or heating of wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05B2260/205—Cooling fluid recirculation, i.e. after having cooled one or more components the cooling fluid is recovered and used elsewhere for other purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05B2260/232—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling characterised by the cooling medium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind energy plant with a closed cooling circuit for cooling the mechanical and electrical components arranged in the nacelle.
  • wind power plants have the need for mechanical and electrical components, e.g. Transmission, hydraulic, Nach brieflymotoren, generator, inverter, etc., dissipate any heat loss as simple and effective as possible outside the wind turbine. This can be done, for example, by passing a continuous stream of air through the system to the components emitting waste heat, supplying fresh air to the interior of the wind turbine from outside, and returning the air heated to the electrical and mechanical components to the outside of the wind turbine as exhaust air , Such a solution is known for example from WO 99/30031 A.
  • DE 100 00 370 A1 has already proposed a wind energy installation which is essentially sealed off from the outside air and has in its interior a self-contained air circulation which is separate from the environment, the tower wall functioning as a heat exchanger.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY The object of the invention is to provide a wind turbine with a closed cooling circuit to accomplish by simple means to set up space-saving and finally is susceptible to interference or easy to maintain.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to seal the nacelle of a wind energy installation against environmental influences, in particular aerosols, so that a space completely closed with respect to the outside air is created.
  • the warming in the interior of the nacelle air is passed as exhaust air to an outside of the nacelle air / air heat exchanger, where it is cooled and fed back into the interior of the nacelle as cooled exhaust air. It is therefore a closed circuit, in which no renewal of the air, but only a temperature of circulating circulating air quantity takes place.
  • the air circulation in the closed cooling circuit is generated solely by the self-ventilator of the generator.
  • the generator acts by a rotatably connected to the rotor, rotating at the speed of the rotor fan thus also as a fan, which causes in conjunction with the outside of the nacelle heat exchanger cooling the arranged in the interior of the nacelle mechanical and electrical components.
  • the cooling - without having to take further action - directly depends on the performance of the wind turbine, since the air flow generated by the fan of the generator is directly dependent on the speed of the generator rotor.
  • the air / air heat exchanger is preferably arranged laterally or above the nacelle and extends in the longitudinal direction of the nacelle, so that the wind flowing to the wind turbine is guided through the entire length of the heat exchanger and thus contributes to a very effective cooling of the exhaust air.
  • two air / air heat exchangers arranged symmetrically on both sides of the nacelle are provided.
  • the heat exchanger is formed in the simplest case so that a first channel is provided which is adapted to supply fresh air into the heat exchanger and exhaust air discharged from the heat exchanger.
  • This may be, for example, a simple open tube, on one side of which fresh air flows, which absorbs the heat emitted by the exhaust air from the nacelle and leaves the heat exchanger on the other side at a higher temperature than exhaust air.
  • the exhaust air is guided in a second channel, wherein the heat of the exhaust air is transferred in the heat exchanger to the fresh air and fed back as cooled exhaust air of the gondola.
  • a plurality of tubes as known in a tubular heat exchanger, can be used.
  • a plate heat exchanger in particular two series cross-flow plate heat exchangers can be used.
  • the air flow "fresh air ⁇ exhaust air” in the first channel and the air flow “exhaust air” cooled exhaust air "in the second channel can be performed in cocurrent or in countercurrent.
  • the airflow in the first channel is passive, i. alone by the oncoming wind.
  • a fan may be provided in the first channel, so that the 'cooling of the exhaust air by means of fresh air can be done regardless of the design of the wind turbine as a windward or leeward runner and the direction of flow of the wind.
  • a fan may also be provided in the second channel, which regulates the speed and / or direction of the air flow "exhaust" - cooled exhaust air ".
  • the fans may alternatively or additionally also be provided in the lines which connect the heat exchanger to the interior of the nacelle.
  • a control is provided in particular, which controls the speed and direction of at least one of said fans speed-controlled, so that it is also possible to operate the heat exchanger in cocurrent or in countercurrent. Operation of the Heat exchanger in cocurrent or counter current depends mainly on the temperature of the exhaust air to reach a predetermined temperature within the nacelle and / or the outside temperature of the wind turbine surrounding outside air.
  • filters are arranged in the first channel and / or in the second channel or connected to the heat exchanger lines for separating aerosols, on the one hand extend the life of the heat exchanger, as well as to ensure that particles in the exhaust air, for example by abrasion of components that have been arranged in the nacelle, do not circulate in a closed circuit and settle on places critical for the electrical system or the mechanics of the system.
  • the heat exchanger Since the heat exchanger is located completely outside the nacelle, it requires only two easily sealed connections of the second channel to the nacelle. This can be done in case of damage to the heat exchanger repair of the wind turbine by simply replacing the defective against a functional heat exchanger.
  • the mounted outside of the nacelle heat exchanger can continue to be used in the installation of appropriate additional lines to cool hydraulic and / or transmission oil.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of an inventive wind turbine.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the wind turbine of Fig. 1 along the in Fig.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the wind turbine of FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 4 shows a side view of a second exemplary embodiment of a wind energy plant with helicopter landing platform according to the invention;
  • FIG. 5 is a rear view of the wind turbine of FIG. 4; FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the wind turbine of FIG. 4; FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the wind turbine of FIG. 4 without the lower cowl of the helicopter landing pad;
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the wind turbine of FIG. 4 with the lower deck of the helicopter landing pad; FIG. and
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic drawing of the air flow conditions of a preferred designed air-to-air heat exchanger of the wind turbine after the
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention in a side view.
  • the drive train of a wind turbine 10 receiving components are shown.
  • the illustrated section of the wind power plant 10 shows the head carrier 20 to be connected to a tower (not shown), a generator housing 30 receiving a generator, a transmission housing 40 receiving a gearbox connected to the generator housing 30 and a hub arranged in front of the transmission housing 40 50 of a two-bladed rotor.
  • the head carrier 20, the generator housing 30 and the transmission housing 40 are also referred to collectively as a nacelle, wherein the interior of the nacelle extends at least over the head carrier 20 and the generator housing 30.
  • the interior of the nacelle that is to say the space encompassed by at least the head carrier 20 and the generator housing 30, is connected to a heat exchanger 100 preferably arranged on the outside of the nacelle.
  • the heat exchanger 100 is an air / air heat exchanger, which may be formed, for example, as a tube heat exchanger or plate heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 2 shows in a sectional view
  • two heat exchangers 100 aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the wind turbine 10 are mounted on the wind turbine 10, one heat exchanger 100 each to one side of the wind turbine 10.
  • the heat exchanger 100 are arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the nacelle.
  • the heat exchangers 100 are communicatively connected to a first conduit 110 and a second conduit 120 to the interior of the nacelle, the first conduit 120 at the one end of the heat exchanger 100 and the second conduit 110 at the other end of the heat exchanger 100 with this is associated with the formation of a closed to the environment cycle.
  • the first line 120 is disposed directly in the generator housing 30 in the region of the generator and the generator's own fan presses the exhaust air from the nacelle via the line 120 directly into the heat exchanger.
  • special guide structures can be provided in the region of the inner wall of the generator housing 30, which ensure an efficient air flow from the generator housing 30 in the direction of the heat exchanger 100.
  • the self-ventilator has blades specially set up for this purpose which allow efficient flow of air into the ducts 120.
  • the Self-ventilator designed so that the air is sucked in from the axial direction and discharged radially.
  • the second conduit 110 is preferably connected to the head carrier 20 and ensures that the air cooled in the heat exchanger 100 is introduced into the rear area of the nacelle.
  • Fig. 3 shows the wind turbine according to the first embodiment again in a perspective view.
  • FIGS. 4 to 8 A second embodiment according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 4 to 8.
  • the structure of the wind turbine according to the second embodiment is substantially identical to the first embodiment.
  • the wind turbine 10 according to the second embodiment again shows a head carrier 20, a generator housing 30, a transmission housing 40 and a hub 50 of a two-bladed rotor.
  • the heat exchanger 100 are not attached to the side of the nacelle, in contrast to the first embodiment, but provided above the nacelle of the wind turbine 10 symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the nacelle on the helicopter landing platform H.
  • the connection of the interior of the nacelle to the heat exchanger 100 is carried out as known via two, not shown in the second embodiment, the lines at one end provided on the head support 20 and the generator cover 30 terminals 1 10a, 120a and with its other end attached to the heat exchanger 100 terminals 110 b, 120 b are attached.
  • the terminals 1 10a, 1 10b, 120a, 120b may be formed as a flange or as a nozzle. It is particularly important to ensure that the lines are easy, safe and absolutely tight to attach to the terminals 1 10a, 1 10b, 120a, 120b and also easy and easy to solve, so in the case of a generator defect provided on the generator housing 30 attachment points for the exchange of the generator by means of a crane are freely accessible.
  • the two lines 1 10, 120 connecting the interior of the nacelle to the heat exchanger 100 may be formed as a support structure of the helicopter landing platform H or arranged therein (not shown).
  • FIG. 5 shows the wind turbine 10 according to the second embodiment from the rear
  • the wind turbine 10 is shown in Fig. 6 from below.
  • the bottom of the heat exchanger 100 arranged connections 1 10b, 120b can be seen.
  • FIG. 7 and Fig. 8 show a perspective view of the wind turbine 10 according to the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 7 shows the helicopter landing platform H without bottom cover and thus with a clear view of the hanging on the platform mounted heat exchanger 100.
  • a lower cover on the helicopter landing platform H is attached, it must be ensured that the cover inlet - And outlet openings, so that the heat exchanger 100 supplied cool ambient air and heated ambient air can be dissipated.
  • FIG. 9 shows a diagram of the air flows in a particularly advantageously designed air / air heat exchanger, which can be used both in the first exemplary embodiment and in the second exemplary embodiment.
  • the heat exchanger 100 is elongated, as is known, wherein the actually heat exchanging components are two conventionally formed cross-flow plate heat exchangers 100a, 100b.
  • the cuboid or cube-shaped designed Plate heat exchangers are rotated by 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger and arranged directly adjacent, so that the space between the inner wall of the heat exchanger 100 and the arranged therein plate heat exchanger components 100a, 100b is divided into separate compartments.
  • the air flow of the communicating with the interior of the nacelle circuit in the second channel and the heat exchanger flowing through the outside air in the first channel are always completely separated from each other, the separate air streams are passed in the cross-flow plate heat exchangers to each other.
  • the air flow is preferably led from the one long side of the heat exchanger 100 laterally, from above or from below into the heat exchanger 100 and through the first plate heat exchanger 100 a to the opposite side of the heat exchanger 100. There, the air passes through the second plate heat exchanger back to the other side of the heat exchanger 100 and can again outside or, when it comes to the closed cooling circuit, enter the interior of the nacelle.
  • Fans with variable-speed motors are preferably provided in the heat exchanger 100 and / or in the internal air supply and discharge lines, by means of which the direction and the quantity of air transported per unit time can be controlled as a function of the amount of heat to be dissipated and the outside temperature.
  • these fans are connected to a control unit connected to corresponding sensors.
  • fans may be provided in the channel strip located in the heat exchanger 100 and may also be controlled, which only carries outside air. In this way, the natural external air flow guided through the heat exchanger can be increased or even reduced.
  • valves can be provided which reduce an outside air flow through the heat exchanger 100.
  • the invention enables a simple, in particular easy to install and to maintain construction of a wind turbine with a closed cooling circuit, the heat exchanger can be completely pre-assembled and tested.
  • to Maintenance requires very good accessibility of the components essentially only a replacement of the entire heat exchanger, so longer downtime of the wind turbine can be avoided. Since the self-ventilator of the generator serves as a drive for the air flow in the closed cooling circuit, the cooling is directly dependent on the power of the wind turbine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une éolienne (10) comprenant une nacelle (20, 30, 40) munie d'un espace intérieur, une pluralité d'éléments mécaniques et électriques agencés dans l'espace intérieur de la nacelle (20, 30, 40), y compris un générateur, un échangeur de chaleur air/air (100) agencé à l'extérieur de la nacelle (20, 30, 40). L'échangeur de chaleur air-air (100) est relié de manière à communiquer à l'espace intérieur de la nacelle (20, 30, 40), avec formation d'un circuit de refroidissement fermé, par l'intermédiaire d'une première conduite (120) amenant de l'air chauffé à l'échangeur de chaleur air/air (100) depuis l'espace intérieur de la nacelle, et d'une deuxième conduite (110) amenant de l'air refroidi dans l'espace intérieur de la nacelle (20, 30, 40). Le générateur comporte un ventilateur propre produisant une circulation d'air dans le circuit de refroidissement fermé.
PCT/DE2012/000454 2011-05-26 2012-05-03 Éolienne à circuit de refroidissement fermé Ceased WO2012159599A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011103311A DE102011103311A1 (de) 2011-05-26 2011-05-26 Windenergieanlage mit geschlossenem Kühlkreislauf
DE102011103311.8 2011-05-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012159599A1 true WO2012159599A1 (fr) 2012-11-29

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PCT/DE2012/000454 Ceased WO2012159599A1 (fr) 2011-05-26 2012-05-03 Éolienne à circuit de refroidissement fermé

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DE (1) DE102011103311A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012159599A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109477465A (zh) * 2016-06-21 2019-03-15 艾罗丁咨询新加坡私人有限公司 模块化结构的风力涡轮机

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103726997B (zh) * 2014-01-17 2016-08-17 广东明阳风电产业集团有限公司 一种海上风力发电机组的机舱冷却装置
EP3253966B1 (fr) * 2015-02-04 2020-09-30 Windfin B.V. Ensemble nacelle d'éolienne, et éolienne comprenant un tel ensemble nacelle

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999030031A1 (fr) 1997-12-08 1999-06-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Eolienne et procede de refroidissement d'un generateur d'une eolienne
DE10000370A1 (de) 2000-01-07 2001-07-12 Aloys Wobben Windenergieanlage mit einem geschlossenen Kühlkreislauf
DE10233947A1 (de) * 2002-07-25 2004-02-12 Siemens Ag Windkraftanlage
EP1736665A2 (fr) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-27 REpower Systems AG Déshumidification de l'intérieur de la tour d'une éolienne
WO2008098573A1 (fr) * 2007-02-14 2008-08-21 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Système de recirculation d'air dans un composant d'éolienne
DE102008053814A1 (de) * 2008-08-06 2010-02-11 Frank Buss Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Luftbehandlung in Wind-Energieanlagen
US20100140952A1 (en) * 2009-05-11 2010-06-10 General Electric Company Cooling system and wind turbine incorporating same
WO2010069954A1 (fr) * 2008-12-17 2010-06-24 Xemc Darwind Bv Éolienne comprenant un circuit de refroidissement
EP2320081A2 (fr) * 2008-09-01 2011-05-11 Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. Système de refroidissement de nacelle d'éolienne

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004018758A1 (de) * 2004-04-16 2005-11-03 Klinger, Friedrich, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Turmkopf einer Windenergieanlage
CN102301133B (zh) * 2009-01-30 2014-11-19 维斯塔斯风力系统集团公司 在顶部具有冷却器的风力涡轮机机舱

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999030031A1 (fr) 1997-12-08 1999-06-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Eolienne et procede de refroidissement d'un generateur d'une eolienne
DE10000370A1 (de) 2000-01-07 2001-07-12 Aloys Wobben Windenergieanlage mit einem geschlossenen Kühlkreislauf
DE10233947A1 (de) * 2002-07-25 2004-02-12 Siemens Ag Windkraftanlage
EP1736665A2 (fr) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-27 REpower Systems AG Déshumidification de l'intérieur de la tour d'une éolienne
WO2008098573A1 (fr) * 2007-02-14 2008-08-21 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Système de recirculation d'air dans un composant d'éolienne
DE102008053814A1 (de) * 2008-08-06 2010-02-11 Frank Buss Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Luftbehandlung in Wind-Energieanlagen
EP2320081A2 (fr) * 2008-09-01 2011-05-11 Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. Système de refroidissement de nacelle d'éolienne
WO2010069954A1 (fr) * 2008-12-17 2010-06-24 Xemc Darwind Bv Éolienne comprenant un circuit de refroidissement
US20100140952A1 (en) * 2009-05-11 2010-06-10 General Electric Company Cooling system and wind turbine incorporating same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109477465A (zh) * 2016-06-21 2019-03-15 艾罗丁咨询新加坡私人有限公司 模块化结构的风力涡轮机

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