WO2013013473A1 - 一种棉花杆增强塑木产品及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种棉花杆增强塑木产品及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013013473A1
WO2013013473A1 PCT/CN2011/083365 CN2011083365W WO2013013473A1 WO 2013013473 A1 WO2013013473 A1 WO 2013013473A1 CN 2011083365 W CN2011083365 W CN 2011083365W WO 2013013473 A1 WO2013013473 A1 WO 2013013473A1
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Prior art keywords
parts
cotton
fiber
wood
cotton rod
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PCT/CN2011/083365
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许开华
张翔
闫梨
谭翠丽
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Shenzhen Gem High Tech Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Gem High Tech Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/287—Raw material pre-treatment while feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
    • B29C48/2886—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules of fillers or of fibrous materials, e.g. short-fibre reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/385—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using two or more serially arranged screws in separate barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/26—Scrap or recycled material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils

Definitions

  • Cotton rod reinforced plastic wood product and preparation method thereof The present application claims to be submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on July 28, 2011, application number 201110213524.5, the invention name is "a cotton rod reinforced plastic wood product and its preparation method" Priority of Chinese Patent Application, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the processing of plastic wood products, and more particularly to a cotton rod reinforced plastic wood product and a method of preparing the same. Background technique
  • Plastic wood products are emerging green products developed in recent years, mainly composed of waste recycled plastics and wood fibers and related additives.
  • the Chinese patent application publication No. CN1912299A discloses a plastic wood board prepared from crop fiber and waste recycled plastic, and the preparation method thereof comprises the following steps: mixing and drying the raw materials to produce a particle size of 2 to 6 mm.
  • Plastic wood granules put the plastic granules into the paving machine, and carry out the paving in the set mold frame.
  • the 1-3 layers of glass fiber are added during the paving process to reinforce the material, heat-press and cure, and cool and shape. It can be seen that this method is only suitable for the production of solid wood-plastic panels, and the shape is limited by the size of the mold frame, and it is impossible to produce various specifications or hollow plastic wood products.
  • the present invention aims to provide a cotton rod reinforced plastic wood product and a preparation method thereof, which enhance the mechanical properties of a wood-plastic product by reasonably preparing a cotton rod long fiber and adding it to a plastic wood product.
  • the product of the invention has the advantages of green environmental protection, unlimited shape, wide application and low cost.
  • the invention provides a cotton rod reinforced wood-plastic product, which is composed of the following components by weight: 30 ⁇ 50 parts of short fiber wood material, 10 ⁇ 30 parts of cotton rod long fiber, 25 ⁇ 45 parts of waste recycled plastic 1 to 4 parts of lubricant, 0.2 to 1 part of stabilizer, 1 to 2 parts of coupling agent and 1 to 5 parts of other additives, other additives are ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, flame retardants, colorants and phases One or several of the contents.
  • the short fiber wood material mainly comprises sawdust, flower-making, peanut shell, short wood branch, bamboo branch, rice husk, coconut shell, flax, wheat straw, soybean hull, bagasse, corn cob, leaves and the like.
  • the components of cotton stems include cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and lipid bonds, etc.
  • the lignin and fat bonds are not directly compatible with plastics, which is not conducive to the preparation of plastic wood products.
  • the cotton rod long fiber used in the present invention refers to a long fiber in which a cotton rod is processed to remove a fat bond and lignin. The addition of long lengths of cotton rods with a certain aspect ratio helps to enhance the mechanical properties of the wood-based products.
  • the length of the cotton rod long fibers is 2 to 10 cm. More preferably, the length of the cotton rod long fibers is 4 to 8 cm. Compared with the use of glass fiber as a reinforcing material, cotton rod long fiber is rich in source, green and low cost, and there is no compatibility problem with wood fiber and plastic.
  • the waste recycled plastic is one or more of polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, and linear low density polyethylene.
  • the lubricant is one or more of paraffin, stearic acid and stearate.
  • the stabilizer is a rare earth stabilizer.
  • the coupling agent is one or more of a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent, and an aluminum zirconate coupling agent.
  • the flame retardant is a bromine-based flame retardant, antimony trioxide or aluminum hydrate.
  • the cotton rod reinforced plastic wood product of the present invention is composed of the following components by weight: 35 to 45 parts of short fiber wood material, 15 to 25 parts of cotton rod long fiber, 30 to 40 parts of waste recycled plastic, lubricant 2 ⁇ 3 parts, 0.5 ⁇ 0.8 parts of stabilizer, 1 ⁇ 2 parts of coupling agent and 2 ⁇ 4 parts of other additives, other additives are UV absorber, anti-aging agent, flame retardant, coloring agent and compatibilizer One or several.
  • the cotton rod reinforced plastic wood product of the present invention is composed of the following components by weight: 40 parts of short fiber wood material, 20 parts of cotton rod long fiber, 35 parts of waste recycled plastic, 2 parts of lubricant, stabilizer 0.6 Parts, coupling agent 0.5 parts and other auxiliary agents 3 parts, other auxiliary agents are one or more of ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, flame retardants, colorants and compatibilizers.
  • the cotton rod reinforced wood-plastic product of the invention can be of various specifications: regular shape structure or profiled structure, solid or hollow wood-plastic product, and thus can be widely applied to most occasions.
  • the present invention provides a method of preparing a cotton rod reinforced plastic wood product, comprising the steps of:
  • the short fiber wood material in step (1) mainly comprises sawdust, shavings, peanut shells, short wood branches, bamboo branches, rice husks, coconut shells, flax, wheat straw, soybean hulls, bagasse, corn cob flowers, leaves, etc., plants
  • the stalk can also be used as a short fiber wood material after being sheared.
  • the short-fiber wood material is modified short-fiber wood material after surface modification by a coupling agent.
  • the short fiber wood material is 30 to 50 parts by weight, and the coupling agent is 1 to 2 parts.
  • Step (2) is by processing the natural cotton rod.
  • the coarse fibers obtained by rolling are in the form of sheets or strips.
  • the frozen cotton fiber has a large volume of water due to condensation into ice. Thawing and rolling process can destroy the coarse fiber structure and facilitate the disintegration into fine fibers. This method can remove the lipid bonds and wood from the natural cotton rod. Simple and efficient.
  • the coarse fibers are soaked prior to freezing.
  • the coupling agent for impregnating the long fibers of the cotton rod may be the coupling agent used in the step (1), preferably, diluted with a solvent of 5 times. The solvent evaporated when drying the long fibers of the cotton rod can be recycled by cooling.
  • Step (3) is mixing, granulating and extrusion molding.
  • the mechanical properties of the wood-plastic product are improved by adding a long length of cotton rod with a certain aspect ratio.
  • the length of the cotton rod long fibers is 2 to 10 cm. More preferably, the length of the cotton rod long fibers is 4 to 8 cm.
  • the modified short fiber wood material is 30 to 50 parts by weight
  • the modified cotton rod long fiber is 10 to 30 parts
  • the waste recycled plastic is 25 to 45 parts
  • the lubricant is 2 to 3 parts
  • the stabilizer is 0.2 to 1 part and other auxiliary agents are 1 to 5 parts.
  • the modified short fiber wood material is 35 to 45 parts by weight
  • the modified cotton rod long fiber is 15 to 25 parts
  • the waste recycled plastic is 30 to 40 parts
  • the lubricant is 2 to 3 parts
  • the stabilizer is used. 0.5 ⁇ 0.8 parts and other additives are 2 ⁇ 4 Share.
  • the modified short fiber wood material is 40 parts by weight
  • the modified cotton rod long fiber is 20 parts
  • the waste recycled plastic is 35 parts
  • the lubricant is 2 parts
  • the stabilizer is 0.6 parts
  • other auxiliary agents are 3 copies.
  • the invention provides a cotton rod reinforced plastic wood product and a preparation method thereof, which have the following beneficial effects:
  • the method enhances the mechanical properties of the plastic wood product by reasonably preparing the cotton rod long fiber and adding to the plastic wood product.
  • a method for preparing a cotton rod reinforced plastic wood product comprising the following steps:
  • (1) treating short-fiber wood material mixing and stirring 40 parts of short-fiber wood material and 1 part of coupling agent to obtain modified short-fiber wood material;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种棉花杆增强塑木产品，由以下组分组成：短纤维木质材料30〜50份，棉花杆长纤维10〜30份，废旧再生塑料25〜45份，润滑剂1〜4份，稳定剂0.2〜1份，偶联剂1〜2份以及其它助剂1〜5份，其它助剂为紫外线吸收剂、防老剂、阻燃剂、着色剂和相容剂中的一种或几种。该棉花杆增强塑木产品的制备方法包括以下步骤：处理短纤维木质材料、制备并处理棉花杆长纤维以及混料、造粒和挤出成型。该方法通过合理制备棉花杆长纤维并添加到塑木产品中增强了塑木产品的力学性能。本发明产品绿色环保、形状不限、应用广泛且成本低廉。

Description

一种棉花杆增强塑木产品及其制备方法 本申请要求了 2011年 7月 28日提交中国专利局的， 申请号 201110213524.5 , 发明名称为 "一种棉花杆增强塑木产品及其制备方法" 的中国专利申请的优先 权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域 本发明涉及塑木产品加工， 尤其涉及一种棉花杆增强塑木产品及其制备方 法。 背景技术
塑木产品是近些年发展起来的新兴绿色环保产品， 主要以废旧再生塑料和 木质纤维以及有关助剂复合而成。
公开号为 CN1912299A的中国专利申请文件公开了一种由农作物纤维和废 旧再生塑料等制备而成的塑木板材， 其制备方法包括以下步骤： 将原料混合干 燥、 造出粒径为 2〜6mm的塑木颗粒、 将塑木颗粒放进铺装机在设定好的模框内 进行铺装、 铺装过程中加入玻璃纤维 1〜3层对材料进行补强、 热压熟化并冷却 定型。 由此可见， 这种方法只适用于生产实心塑木板材， 且形状受模框大小限 制， 无法生产各种规格的或空心的塑木产品。 另一方面， 为了解决木质纤维分散困难的问题， 现有塑木产品的制备中多 对木质纤维采用强化剪切分散， 但是该方法会造成木质纤维的长度较短（采用 传统的螺杆塑化输送方式制得的制品中的纤维长度往往小于 lmm ) , 因此挤出 和注射这两种连续成型方法基本以木质纤维粉料为原料， 而粉状木质纤维仅起 到增容的作用， 由此获得的塑木产品力学性能较差。 目前， 常见的解决办法是 在造粒后加入玻璃纤维进行补强， 但是这种方法中存在玻璃纤维与木质纤维、 塑料之间的相容性问题以及密度增大、 成本提高和设备磨损等问题。 发明内容
为解决上述问题， 本发明旨在提供一种棉花杆增强塑木产品及其制备方法， 该方法通过合理制备棉花杆长纤维并添加到塑木产品中增强了塑木产品的力学 性能。 本发明产品绿色环保、 形状不限、 应用广泛且成本低廉。
一方面， 本发明提供了一种棉花杆增强塑木产品， 按重量份由以下组分组 成: 短纤维木质材料 30〜50份， 棉花杆长纤维 10〜30份， 废旧再生塑料 25〜45 份， 润滑剂 1〜4份， 稳定剂 0.2〜1份， 偶联剂 1〜2份以及其它助剂 1〜5份， 其它 助剂为紫外线吸收剂、 防老剂、 阻燃剂、 着色剂和相容剂中的一种或几种。
其中， 优选地， 短纤维木质材料主要包括锯末、 创花、 花生壳、 短木枝、 竹枝、 稻壳、 椰子壳、 亚麻、 麦秸、 大豆皮、 甘蔗渣、 玉米棒花、 树叶等。 植 因为棉花杆的成分包括纤维素、 半纤维素、 木质素和脂键等， 而其中的木 质素和脂键与塑料之间难以直接相容， 不利于制备塑木产品。 本发明中使用的 棉花杆长纤维是指棉花杆经过加工脱除脂键和木质素的长纤维。 具有一定长径 比的棉花杆长纤维的加入有助于增强塑木产品的力学性能。 优选地， 棉花杆长 纤维的长度为 2〜10cm。 更优选地， 棉花杆长纤维的长度为 4〜8cm。 与使用玻璃 纤维作为补强原料相比， 棉花杆长纤维来源丰富， 绿色环保且成本低廉， 以及 不存在与木质纤维、 塑料之间的相容性问题。
优选地， 废旧再生塑料为聚氯乙烯、 聚丙烯、 高密度聚乙烯、 低密度聚乙 烯和线性低密度聚乙烯中的一种或几种。
优选地， 润滑剂为石蜡、 硬脂酸和硬脂酸盐中的一种或几种。 优选地， 稳定剂为稀土稳定剂。
优选地， 偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂、 钛酸酯偶联剂和铝锆酸酯偶联剂中的一种 或几种。
优选地， 阻燃剂为溴基阻燃剂、 三氧化二锑或水合化铝。
以及优选地， 本发明棉花杆增强塑木产品， 按重量份由以下组分组成： 短 纤维木质材料 35〜45份， 棉花杆长纤维 15〜25份， 废旧再生塑料 30〜40份， 润 滑剂 2〜3份， 稳定剂 0.5〜0.8份， 偶联剂 1〜2份以及其它助剂 2〜4份， 其它助剂 为紫外线吸收剂、 防老剂、 阻燃剂、 着色剂和相容剂中的一种或几种。
更优选地， 本发明棉花杆增强塑木产品， 按重量份由以下组分组成： 短纤 维木质材料 40份， 棉花杆长纤维 20份， 废旧再生塑料 35份， 润滑剂 2份， 稳 定剂 0.6份、 偶联剂 0.5份以及其它助剂 3份， 其它助剂为紫外线吸收剂、 防老 剂、 阻燃剂、 着色剂和相容剂中的一种或几种。
本发明棉花杆增强塑木产品可以为各种规格的： 规则形状结构或异型结构、 实心或空心的塑木产品， 因此能够广泛适用于大多数场合。
另一方面， 本发明提供了一种棉花杆增强塑木产品的制备方法， 包括以下 步骤：
( 1 )处理短纤维木质材料： 取短纤维木质材料和偶联剂混合、 搅拌， 制得 改性短纤维木质材料；
( 2 )制备并处理棉花杆长纤维： 取棉花杆， 清洗， 保湿， 破碎， 通过滚压 加工成粗纤维， 随后在 -7〜0°C温度环境下将粗纤维冷冻 10〜24小时，然后解冻并 通过滚压加工成细纤维， 清洗， 滤除杂质， 制得棉花杆长纤维， 用偶联剂浸渍 棉花杆长纤维， 随后将棉花杆长纤维于 30〜40°C的温度下烘干， 制得改性棉花杆 长纤维； ( 3 )混料、造粒和挤出成型： 将改性短纤维木质材料、 改性棉花杆长纤维、 废旧再生塑料、 润滑剂、 稳定剂以及其它助剂混合， 其它助剂为紫外线吸收剂、 防老剂、 阻燃剂、 着色剂和相容剂中的一种或几种， 搅拌均匀， 制得物料混合 物， 随后将该物料混合物加入平行双螺杆中造粒， 制得初级粒料， 将初级粒料 投入双螺杆中挤出成型 , 制得棉花杆增强塑木产品。
其中， 步骤（1 )中短纤维木质材料主要包括锯末、 刨花、 花生壳、 短木枝、 竹枝、 稻壳、 椰子壳、 亚麻、 麦秸、 大豆皮、 甘蔗渣、 玉米棒花、 树叶等， 植 物的茎秆经过剪切处理后也可以作为短纤维木质材料。 短纤维木质材料通过偶 联剂进行表面改性后即为改性短纤维木质材料。 优选地， 按重量份短纤维木质 材料为 30〜50份， 偶联剂为 1〜2份。
步骤（2 )为通过对天然棉花杆进行加工处理。 通过滚压加工而成的粗纤维 呈片状或条状。 冷冻后的棉花杆粗纤维中水分因凝结成冰而体积变大， 解冻并 进行滚压加工能够破坏粗纤维结构， 利于疏解成细纤维， 该方法能够脱除天然 棉花杆中的脂键和木质素且简便高效。 优选地， 粗纤维在冷冻前先经过浸泡。 用于浸渍棉花杆长纤维的偶联剂可以为步骤（1 ) 中所用的偶联剂， 优选地， 经 过 5倍溶剂稀释。 烘干棉花杆长纤维时所蒸发的溶剂可通过冷却回收循环使用。
步骤（3 )为混料、 造粒和挤出成型。 本发明中通过加入具有一定长径比的 棉花杆长纤维来提高塑木产品的力学性能。 优选地， 棉花杆长纤维的长度为 2〜10cm。 更优选地， 棉花杆长纤维的长度为 4〜8cm。 优选地， 按重量份改性短 纤维木质材料为 30〜50份，改性棉花杆长纤维为 10〜30份，废旧再生塑料为 25〜45 份， 润滑剂为 2〜3份， 稳定剂为 0.2〜1份以及其它助剂为 1〜5份。 更优选地， 按 重量份改性短纤维木质材料为 35〜45份， 改性棉花杆长纤维为 15〜25份， 废旧 再生塑料为 30〜40份，润滑剂为 2〜3份，稳定剂为 0.5〜0.8份以及其它助剂为 2〜4 份。 以及优选地， 按重量份改性短纤维木质材料为 40份， 改性棉花杆长纤维为 20份， 废旧再生塑料为 35份， 润滑剂为 2份， 稳定剂为 0.6份以及其它助剂为 3份。
本发明提供的一种棉花杆增强塑木产品及其制备方法， 具有以下有益效果： 该方法通过合理制备棉花杆长纤维并添加到塑木产品中增强了塑木产品的力学 性能。 本发明产品绿色环保、 形状不限、 应用广泛且成本低廉。 并且能够制备 生产各种规格的、 实心或空心的塑木产品。 具体实施方式 以下所述是本发明的优选实施方式， 应当指出， 对于本技术领域的普通技 术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下， 还可以做出若干改进和润饰， 这 些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。
实施例一
一种棉花杆增强塑木产品的制备方法， 包括以下步骤：
( 1 )处理短纤维木质材料： 按重量份取 40份短纤维木质材料和 1份偶联 剂混合、 搅拌， 制得改性短纤维木质材料；
( 2 )制备并处理棉花杆长纤维： 取棉花杆， 清洗， 保湿， 破碎， 通过滚压 加工成粗纤维， 随后在 -5 °C温度环境下将粗纤维冷冻 15小时， 然后解冻并通过 滚压加工成细纤维， 清洗， 滤除杂质， 制得棉花杆长纤维， 取偶联剂浸渍棉花 杆长纤维， 随后将棉花杆长纤维于 35 °C的温度下烘干， 制得改性棉花杆长纤维；
( 3 ) 混料、 造粒和挤出成型： 按重量份将改性短纤维木质材料为 40份、 改性棉花杆长纤维为 20份、 废旧再生塑料为 35份、 润滑剂为 2份、 稳定剂为 0.6份、 紫外线吸收剂 1份、 防老剂 1份和阻燃剂 1份混合， 搅拌均匀， 制得物 料混合物， 随后将该物料混合物加入平行双螺杆中造粒， 制得初级粒料， 将初 级粒料投入双螺杆中挤出成型， 制得棉花杆增强塑木产

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种棉花杆增强塑木产品， 其特征在于， 按重量份由以下组分组成： 短 纤维木质材料 30〜50份， 棉花杆长纤维 10〜30份， 废旧再生塑料 25〜45份， 润 滑剂 1〜4份，稳定剂 0.2〜1份， 偶联剂 1〜2份以及其它助剂 1〜5份， 其它助剂为 紫外线吸收剂、 防老剂、 阻燃剂、 着色剂和相容剂中的一种或几种。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的棉花杆增强塑木产品， 其特征在于， 所述短纤维木 质材料选自锯末、 刨花、 花生壳、 短木枝、 竹枝、 稻壳、 椰子壳、 亚麻、 麦桔、 大豆皮、 甘蔗渣、 玉米棒花、 树叶和植物的茎秆中的一种或几种。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的棉花杆增强塑木产品， 其特征在于， 所述棉花杆长 纤维为棉花杆经过加工脱除脂键和木质素的长纤维。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的棉花杆增强塑木产品， 其特征在于， 所述棉花杆长 纤维的长度为 2〜10cm。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的棉花杆增强塑木产品， 其特征在于， 按重量份由以 下组分组成： 短纤维木质材料 35〜45份、 棉花杆长纤维 15〜25份、 废旧再生塑 料 30〜40份，润滑剂 2〜3份、稳定剂 0.5〜0.8份、偶联剂 1〜2份以及其它助剂 2〜4 份， 其它助剂为紫外线吸收剂、 防老剂、 阻燃剂、 着色剂和相容剂中的一种或 几种。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的棉花杆增强塑木产品， 其特征在于， 所述棉花杆增 强塑木产品为规则形状结构或异型结构。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的棉花杆增强塑木产品， 其特征在于， 所述棉花杆增 强塑木产品为实心或空心产品。
8、 一种棉花杆增强塑木产品的制备方法， 其特征在于， 包括以下步骤： ( 1 )处理短纤维木质材料： 取短纤维木质材料和偶联剂混合、 搅拌， 制得 改性短纤维木质材料；
( 2 )制备并处理棉花杆长纤维： 取棉花杆， 清洗， 保湿， 破碎， 通过滚压 加工成粗纤维， 随后在 -7〜0°C温度环境下将粗纤维冷冻 10〜24小时，然后解冻并 通过滚压加工成细纤维， 清洗， 滤除杂质， 制得棉花杆长纤维， 用偶联剂浸渍 棉花杆长纤维， 随后将棉花杆长纤维于 30〜40°C的温度下烘干， 制得改性棉花杆 长纤维；
( 3 )混料、造粒和挤出成型： 将改性短纤维木质材料、 改性棉花杆长纤维、 废旧再生塑料、 润滑剂、 稳定剂以及其它助剂混合， 其它助剂为紫外线吸收剂、 防老剂、 阻燃剂、 着色剂和相容剂中的一种或几种， 搅拌均匀， 制得物料混合 物， 随后将该物料混合物加入平行双螺杆中造粒， 制得初级粒料， 将初级粒料 投入双螺杆中挤出成型 , 制得棉花杆增强塑木产品。
9、 如权利要求 8 所述的制备方法， 其特征在于， 步骤（1 ) 中按重量份所 述短纤维木质材料为 30〜50份， 所述偶联剂为 1〜2份。
10、 如权利要求 8所述的制备方法， 其特征在于， 步骤（3 ) 中按重量份所 述改性短纤维木质材料为 30〜50份， 所述改性棉花杆长纤维为 10〜30份， 所述 废旧再生塑料为 25〜45份，所述润滑剂为 1〜4份,所述稳定剂为 0.2〜1份以及所 述其它助剂为 1〜5份。
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