Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
  • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
  • A47L9/2805—Parameters or conditions being sensed
  • A47L9/2831—Motor parameters, e.g. motor load or speed
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
  • A47L9/0072—Mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
  • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
  • A47L9/2836—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means characterised by the parts which are controlled
  • A47L9/2842—Suction motors or blowers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
  • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
  • A47L9/2868—Arrangements for power supply of vacuum cleaners or the accessories thereof
  • A47L9/2878—Dual-powered vacuum cleaners, i.e. devices which can be operated with mains power supply or by batteries

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for adjusting a suction system which has a suction unit with at least one electric motor, a suction inlet, a flow path between the suction inlet and the suction unit and a control device for the suction operation.
• the invention further relates to a method for operating a suction system, which comprises a suction unit with at least one electric motor, a suction inlet, a flow path between the suction inlet and the suction unit and a control device for the suction operation.
• the invention relates to a suction system, comprising a suction unit with at least one electric motor, a suction inlet, a flow path between the suction inlet and the suction unit and a control device for the suction operation.
• a method for determining the filling state of a filling device to be filled by means of a suction motor, in particular a dust bag in a vacuum cleaner in which a reference current profile of at least one filling state is determined and stored at least once, during the suction process at least once Current profile of the suction motor is measured and a fill state corresponding signal is determined by the comparison of the current waveform with the reference current waveform and output.
• Floor covering for a vacuum cleaner which has a fan which is driven by an electric motor, known.
• the engine is designed as an electronically commutated motor.
• a storage unit is provided which contains reference quantities for at least two floor coverings.
• a control unit is provided, which starts a sensorless floor covering detection checking procedure in which the motor is brought from a first speed at an operating point to a second operating point at a second speed, the control unit determines actual parameters from the motor during the checking procedure, the current ones Characteristics are compared with the reference sizes, whereby an identification of the flooring is achieved. From DE 10 2007 025 389 AI a method for operating a
• Vacuum cleaner with a suction fan which is driven by an electric fan motor, and with a force acting on the fan motor controller, which specifies the motor power or a parameter influencing the engine power as a control variable known.
• the control device By means of the control device, the flow generated by the suction fan is influenced as a controlled variable. From DE 10 2008 038 893 AI a method for determining the suction fan.
• a method for the operation of a vacuum cleaner with at least one electric fan and a speed control unit for the operation of the vacuum cleaner with different speeds is known.
• the speed control unit a number of different operation control rules for the electric blower are first stored, a load current value of the electric blower is continuously detected and the condition of a surface to be cleaned from the load current value during the
• the operation control rule suitable for the judged surface to be cleaned is then selected under the operation control rules stored in the speed control means, and the electric blower operates on the basis of the selected operation control rules.
• the texture of the surface or object to be cleaned is estimated from the fluctuation bandwidth of the load current value within a predetermined time. From US 2004/0078921 AI a vacuum cleaner is known.
• EP 2 468 165 A1 discloses a method for operating a vacuum cleaner with a drive unit for generating a suction air flow, with a suction attachment, with a separating device arranged between the suction attachment and the drive unit, with which a regulating device influences the input power of the drive unit as a manipulated variable, wherein the control device adjusts the prevailing at the suction suction power as a controlled variable.
• the invention has for its object to provide a method for adjusting a suction system of the type mentioned, by means of which provide extensive operating options.
• This object is achieved according to the invention in the method mentioned that a Saugfluidstrom is varied in the flow path and at a corresponding Saugfluidstrom an electric motor current is measured as a the operation of the at least one electric motor characterizing parameter, a flow characteristic on the suction system or a suction system of the same design or a flow characteristic field, which or a relationship between the Saugfluidstrom and the
• a relationship between the suction fluid flow and a targeted influence of the suction fluid flow Parameters of the electric motor measured and this relationship is stored as a flow characteristic or flow characteristic field on the suction system.
• the actually present suction fluid flow can be determined by measuring the parameter characterizing the at least one electric motor. This can be used, for example, to control the suction fluid flow. Other applications such as determining a parameter for initiating a filter cleaning can be performed.
• any suction system can be equipped with its own flow characteristic or its own flow characteristic field. This allows optimized operation to be achieved. If, for example, variations are made on the flow path, for example by using different suction hoses, then a flow characteristic field can be set up. As a result, it can be ensured, for example, that the suction system is also operated optimally with different accessories.
• the flow characteristic or the flow characteristic field can be selected individually for each suction system or for structurally identical suction systems (which are identical in construction with respect to the flow path and the suction unit).
• the parameter characterizing the electric motor is, for example, a motor current.
• the suction fluid flow is varied by varying the positioning of a shutter.
• the suction fluid flow can be influenced in a simple manner, and the corresponding parameter characterizing the electric motor can be measured.
• the parameter characterizing the operation of the at least one electric motor such as, for example, a motor current
• the aperture is positioned at the suction inlet in a varying manner. For example, it is positioned variably at the inlet of a suction hose or it is positioned variably on a nozzle.
• the suction inlet is arranged on a suction hose.
• the invention is further based on the object to provide a method for operating a suction system of the type mentioned, with the result of optimized and / or extensive operating options.
• Flow characteristic field is controlled and / or regulated and that a control loop is provided, which at least partially the
• this makes it possible in a simple manner to carry out the suction fluid flow with respect to a defined value and, in particular, a constant value, which is throttled in relation to a maximum suction flow. It can thereby achieve an operation of the suction system with less noise development, the operation is also energy efficient. In turn, such an operating mode is particularly suitable for a suction system which is operated via a battery device.
• a parameter characterizing the operation of the at least one electric motor is measured and from the flow characteristic or the flow characteristic field the associated suction fluid flow is known and / or determined.
• a regulation of the suction fluid flow is possible, for example, in a simple manner.
• the parameter characterizing the operation of the at least one electric motor is measured in a time-resolved manner.
• a "time-monitored" control or regulation can be achieved. It can also be timewise processes such as clogging a filter (which makes a filter cleaning necessary) recognize.
• one or more application parameters for set the at least one electric motor wherein in particular the parameters of the operation of the at least one electric motor parameters and a Beauftschungsparameter for the at least one electric motor via a motor characteristic are related.
• the at least one electric motor can be driven in a correspondingly targeted manner in order to achieve a desired result, for example adjustment to a constant suction fluid flow.
• the parameter characterizing the operation of the electric motor is an electric motor current. This can also be measured easily.
• a motor voltage (terminal voltage) of the at least one electric motor is an adjustable application parameter.
• a control circuit is provided which adjusts the suction fluid flow at least in sections to a defined and, in particular, constant value. In such a control process, for example, at least in sections, the noise of the suction system can be reduced and the suction system can be operated energy efficient.
• the defined or constant value for the suction fluid flow is a value throttled with respect to a maximum suction fluid flow. Basically, a suction system is the more efficient, the larger a suction fluid flow (with the same blower unit) is. However, the greater the noise level and, in principle, the energy consumption. With a regulation to a defined value below a maximum value, if, for example, the flow path is optimized, efficient suction results with reduced noise level can be achieved in an energy-saving manner.
• a measured quantity for the control loop is the parameter characterizing the operation of the at least one electric motor
• a manipulated variable is a loading parameter for the at least one electric motor
• a control target is the defined value of the suction fluid flow.
• the measured quantity (the parameter characterizing the operation of the at least one electric motor) and the loading parameter for the at least one electric motor are combined via an engine characteristic curve.
• the controlled variable is linked to the measured variable via the flow characteristic or the flow characteristic field.
• the electrical motor current is measured and the control target is achieved by setting the electrical motor voltage, wherein in particular the electric motor voltage and the electric motor current are linked via a motor characteristic of the at least one electric motor.
• the setting is made in such a way that "on the motor characteristic" is used, that is to say that in the event of a deviation from the control target, for example, the electric motor voltage (terminal voltage) is set to correspond to the associated value for the electric motor current on the motor characteristic.
• Electric motor is measured and are taken into account when setting the electrical voltage supply voltages. This gives a high control accuracy.
• an electronically commutated motor in particular with a permanent magnetic rotor
• the position and / or the rotational speed of a rotor of the at least one electric motor is measured directly or indirectly and the control target via adjustment of a commutation signal to the coil means of at least one Electric motor is achieved. It is particularly advantageous if the defined value of the suction fluid flow of the control target is below a maximum suction fluid flow. This allows the suction system to operate with reduced noise energy saving.
• the defined suction fluid flow of the control target is in a range between 15 l / s and 40 l / s and in particular between 20 l / s and 30 l / s.
• control circuit is assigned a functional area which is predetermined by a lower limit value of the suction fluid flow and / or of the parameter characterizing the operation of the at least one electric motor. For example, if the suction fluid flow becomes too small (due to a too small suction inlet), then it may be advantageous not to operate the suction system via the control loop.
• the control circuit is not made effective when falling below the lower limit or is not effective. In particular, this "switching" is done automatically. As a result, it can be prevented, for example, that the suction system has too high power consumption when the size of a mouth opening at the suction inlet is too small. It is favorable if a switching device is provided, by means of which at least two of the following different operating modes can be set: suction operation with a regulation according to the control circuit; Suction operation without control according to the control circuit; Wassersaug réelle; Blowing operation without regulation according to the control loop; Operation of a brush, which is driven in rotation by the suction unit with at least approximately constant air flow; maximum airflow. This results in extensive processing options for the suction system.
• a high and in particular maximum air flow can be achieved during suction operation without regulation. This is particularly suitable for coarse dirt absorption. It is possible to achieve an optimization for the water suction operation.
• the air flow, which rotates the brush drives, is approximately constant. This can be achieved by the control method according to the invention.
• a filter cleaning signal is generated for a filter in the flow path. If, for example, over a longer period of time (on the order of minutes) it appears that the suction fluid flow continuously decreases outside of short-term fluctuations, this indicates that a filter has clogged up.
• a filter purification signal can be initiated.
• a power reduction is carried out in the suction unit. This can prevent that in the suction system too much negative pressure is generated, which can lead to damage. If, for example, a suction inlet is closed or a float has been sucked in and closes a suction inlet on a dirt collecting container, then a corresponding reduction in power may be necessary.
• the suction unit is turned off.
• a repetition or repeated repetition of a necessary reduction in power indicates that the problem causing the threshold to be undershot is still present.
• the shutdown of the suction unit is then a security process, which prevents damage to the suction system.
• the invention is further based on the object to provide a suction system of the type mentioned, which is noise-optimized and energy-saving operable and / or has extensive operating options.
• a flow characteristic or a flow characteristic field is stored, which or which represents a relationship between a Saugfluidstrom in the flow path and an electric motor current as a parameter of the at least one electric motor, which characterizes the operation of the at least one electric motor.
• the method according to the invention can be carried out on the suction system according to the invention.
• the implementation of the method according to the invention can be controlled in particular by the control device.
• the suction system advantageously comprises a switching device, by means of which at least one of the following operating modes is adjustable: suction operation with a control according to the control loop; Suction operation without control according to the control circuit; Wassersaug Siri; Blowing operation without regulation according to the control loop; Operation of a brush, which is driven by the suction unit with at least approximately constant air flow rotating; maximum airflow.
• At least one filter is provided, which is arranged in the flow path, wherein a filter cleaning by the control can be controlled and in particular can be initiated and / or a filter display can be controlled.
• a filter cleaning and in particular automatic filter cleaning a high suction efficiency can be achieved.
• About the flow characteristic or the flow characteristic field can be determined by measuring the parameter, which characterizes the operation of the at least one electric motor, the suction fluid flow.
• the addition of a filter has an influence on the suction fluid flow.
• About the known suction fluid flow can then determine when a filter cleaning is necessary.
• the filter display it is possible, for example visually or acoustically, to indicate that the filter is "full" or a cleaning is necessary. In particular, when the motor current falls below a lower limit, such a display takes place.
• a measuring device such as, for example, a motor current measuring device
• this parameter is known and can be used for control tasks or control tasks.
• control tasks or control tasks can be carried out with the aid of the flow characteristic or the flow characteristic field.
• the suction system is designed as a vacuum cleaner.
• the vacuum cleaner can be designed as a pure dry vacuum cleaner, as a pure wet vacuum or as a wet / dry vacuum cleaner.
• the suction system can also be arranged, for example, a suction sweeper.
• a suction sweeper for example, a suction sweeper
• Figure 1 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of a
• Vacuum cleaner as an example of a suction system
• an enlarged view of the area A according to Figure 1 schematically the course of a suction fluid flow at different apertures and the associated
• Figure 4 is a flow characteristic which characterizes the dependence of the suction fluid flow on the motor current; the suction fluid flow as a function of a diaphragm opening with differently formed flow paths; the course of an efficiency of the suction system with the flow progressions of Figure 5 in response to an aperture;
• FIG. 7 shows the profile of the suction fluid flow as a function of
• FIG. 8 (a) shows schematically a control device of the vacuum cleaner according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 8 (b) shows a flow chart for a control operation according to the invention;
• Figure 9 shows the power (recording) course of the suction system as a function of an aperture in a control operation according to the invention.
• An inventive suction system is used for example on a vacuum cleaner.
• An embodiment of a vacuum cleaner 10 which is shown schematically in Figure 1 in a sectional view, has a dirt collecting container 12, on which a suction head 14 is placed.
• the dirt collecting container 12 has a suction inlet 16 to which a suction hose 18 can be connected in the usual way.
• the suction head 14 seals the dirt collecting container 12 on the upper side and forms a suction outlet 20, on which a filter device 21 with (at least) a filter 22 is held.
• the filter 22 is followed by a suction line 24, via which the dirt collecting container 12 is in flow connection with a suction unit 26.
• the suction unit 26 comprises an electric motor device 25 with (at least) one electric motor 27 and a fan 28 that is rotationally driven by the electric motor 27.
• the dirt collecting container 12 is subjected to negative pressure during the operation of the vacuum cleaner 10 by the suction unit 26, so that a suction flow represented by the arrows 30 in FIG. 1 is formed. Under the effect of the suction flow 30 can be sucked with dirt laden suction air through the suction inlet 16 into the dirt collecting 12, which then can be sucked from the suction unit 26.
• the suction air can be discharged from the suction unit 26 via not shown in the drawing, the skilled person known exhaust ports of the suction head 14 to the environment.
• the suction air flows through the filter 22, so that entrained solid particles deposit on the dirt collecting container 12 facing the dirty side 32 of the filter 22. It is therefore necessary to clean the filter 22 from time to time, since otherwise it forms an increasing flow resistance, whereby the suction effect of the vacuum cleaner 10 is impaired.
• an external air valve device 33 with (at least) an external air valve 34 is arranged above the filter 22 in the suction head 14 (shown enlarged in FIG. 2). It comprises a valve holder 36 which is arranged fixedly in the suction head 14 and forms a valve seat for a movable valve body in the form of a valve disk 38.
• the valve disk 38 is acted upon by a closing spring 40 with a closing force in the direction of the valve holder 36.
• the closing spring 40 is clamped between a plate-like, a plurality of flow passages, fixedly arranged in the suction head 14 filter holder 42 and the valve plate 38.
• the filter holder 42 carries a resilient stop element in the form of a stop spring 44.
• This particular (preferably as well as the closing spring 40) has a linear characteristic. It is for example designed as a helical spring.
• the stop spring 44 is not under tension in the closed position of the valve disk 38. Only when the valve plate 38 lifts off the valve seat of the valve holder 36, the stopper spring 44 comes to rest on the underside of the valve disk 38 and is slightly compressed in a further movement of the valve disk 38. As a result, it exerts an increasing restoring force on the valve disk 38 and accelerates the movement of the valve disk 38 back from its closed valve position (shown in FIG. 2) via an open valve position in the closed valve position. In the open valve position, the valve plate 38 takes a distance to the valve holder 36, which forms the valve seat.
• the valve holder 36 has a plurality of passage openings, not shown in the drawing, the mouth areas are closed by the valve plate 38 when it assumes its closed valve position.
• the suction head 14 has a lateral opening 46. External air can flow into the through openings of the valve holder 36 via the lateral opening 46. If the valve disk 36 has its open valve position spaced from the valve holder 36, then the lateral opening 46 is in fluid communication with the suction line 24 via the through openings of the valve holder 36 and external air can block the clean side 48 of the filter 22 facing away from the dirt collector 12. If the valve disk 38 assumes its closed valve position, the flow connection between the lateral opening 46 and the suction line 24 is interrupted.
• the valve holder 36 carries an electromagnet 50.
• the electromagnet 50 In the circumferential direction of the electromagnet 50 is surrounded by an annular space 52, in which a molded upper side of the valve plate 38 guide sleeve 54 dips.
• the guide sleeve 54 receives a magnetizable element, for example in the form of an iron plate 56 which rests in the closed valve position of the valve disk 38 at a free end edge 58 of the electromagnet 50 and 50 forms a closed magnetic circuit in combination with the electromagnet.
• the electromagnet 50 is connected via a power supply line 60 with an arranged in the suction head 14 (electronic) control device 62 in electrical connection. From the control device 62, the electromagnet 50 is applied during the normal suction operation of the vacuum cleaner 10 with a supply current. Due to the training Magnetic field, the valve plate 38 is reliably held in its closed position. The holding force of the electromagnet 50 is supported by the spring force of the closing spring 40.
• the filter 22 is flowed through in the counter-current direction, that is, contrary to the prevailing during the normal suction operation flow direction 30, from external air. This results in an effective cleaning of the filter 22.
• the power supply of the vacuum cleaner 10 is carried out, for example, by means of a rechargeable battery device 63.
• the battery device 63 includes, for example, one or more lithium-ion batteries. These are arranged laterally next to the suction unit 26 in a battery compartment 68 of the suction head 14.
• the battery compartment 68 is accessible to the user to replace the batteries 64 via an outwardly hinged flap 70.
• the electronic control device 62 is arranged above the suction unit 26 in the suction head 14 and is connected via supply lines to the batteries 64 in electrical connection.
• a user-actuated pushbutton 82 which is arranged on the upper side of the suction head 14, is connected to the control device 62. By Pressing the button 82, the user (manually) trigger a filter cleaning.
• the battery device may also include fan means for cooling the batteries 64 (not shown in the drawing). If batteries are used as batteries, which require cooling, then a battery-saving operation can be realized.
• the fan device in turn, preferably receives its electrical energy for operation from the batteries 64 when battery operation is in progress.
• the electronic control device 62 is disposed on a circuit board. On the board, a receptacle for the battery device 63 is further arranged. The receptacle receives in particular the batteries 64. Also, a fan device of the battery device 63 may be arranged on the receptacle.
• the control device 62 also includes, for example, electronics for the control and / or regulation and / or monitoring of the battery device 63.
• the control device 62 by means of which the electric motor device 25 is activated, can be used, for example, to control the fan device in such a way that it corresponds to the Control of the electric motor device 25 is operated.
• the fan device is also switched off (possibly with a time delay). For example, it is also possible to turn off the fan device when a filter cleaning operation is performed.
• a control can then be carried out via the control device 62, which allows a gentle operation of the battery device 63 with optimization to maximize the battery capacity.
• a charging process of the battery device 63 can then be correspondingly controlled or monitored via the control device 62. Further can be monitored via the controller 62, the "aging" of the battery device 63.
• a first pressure sensor is arranged upstream of the filter 22 and a second pressure sensor is arranged downstream of the filter 22, which are signal-effectively connected to the control device 62 and respectively provide a pressure-dependent control signal.
• the on the filter 22 adjusting pressure difference can be determined. The more solid particles deposit on the filter 22, the greater the flow resistance of the filter 22 and the greater the pressure difference is. If the pressure difference reaches a predefinable value, then the control device 62 can automatically (automatically) trigger a filter cleaning.
• the control device 62 independently of the prevailing pressure conditions and independently of the possible actuation of the button 82 in the same or different time intervals automatically (automatic) triggers a filter cleaning (see also below).
• a complete cleaning process thus comprises in such an embodiment, three opening and closing movements of the external air valve in quick succession.
• the length of the time interval between the times t 2 and t 3 may be, for example, 90 milliseconds.
• the vacuum cleaner 10 comprises alternatively or additionally a mains voltage supply device, via which optionally or adjustably the vacuum cleaner 10 can be supplied with mains current for supplying energy. For example, an operator can select whether the power supply is via the mains voltage supply device or the battery device 63.
• a flow path 80 between a suction inlet 82 and the suction unit 26 is formed. In this flow path 80 flows a suction fluid flow and in particular air flow.
• the suction hose 18 is part of the flow path 80.
• the suction inlet 82 is an inlet of the suction hose 18 or an inlet of a nozzle when a nozzle is arranged on the suction hose 18.
• the suction fluid flow 84 is dependent on an opening width at the suction inlet 82.
• the opening may for example be covered by a diaphragm 86 and depending on the position of this diaphragm 86, the suction fluid flow 84 is different.
• An opening width of the suction inlet 82 can be characterized, for example, over a distance d of the diaphragm 86 from an underside of the suction inlet 82. If d is zero, then the suction inlet 82 is completely closed and it can form according to no Saugfluidstrom. If d corresponds to an opening width of the suction hose 18, then there is a maximum suction fluid flow 84. The corresponding dependence is shown in FIG.
• the aperture 86 may also be arranged on a nozzle.
• the electric motor 27 has (at least) a parameter characterizing its operation.
• the parameter is a position of a rotor of the electric motor or a rotational speed of the electric motor 27, for example.
• FIG. 3 shows this profile 88 for the example of an electric motor 27, which is a universal motor.
• the corresponding parameter characterizing the operation of the electric motor 27 is the motor current I.
• the orifice 86 can supply to a suction fluid flow value 84 a unique value of the parameter characterizing the operation of the electric motor 27 (the motor current ) be assigned.
• a flow characteristic curve 90 (FIG. 4) can then be set up, which indicates the (unambiguous and, in particular, one-to-one) relationship between the suction fluid flow 84 and the parameter characterizing the operation of the electric motor 27.
• this flow characteristic is a characteristic which indicates the relationship between the suction fluid flow 84 and the motor current I.
• the flow characteristic is different when different suction hoses 18 (with respect to length and / or flow guidance) or different nozzles are selected.
• a different design of the suction unit 26 and in particular a turbine device of the suction unit 26 causes a modification of the flow path 80 and thus also a different flow characteristic. Changes in the flow guidance to the suction unit 26 also cause a different characteristic.
• the vacuum cleaner 10 can then also be assigned a flow characteristic field.
• FIG. 5 shows the course of the suction fluid flow 84 as a function of the opening width d of the diaphragm 86 for two different types of suction hoses 18.
• the suction hose 1 is optimized in terms of flow compared to the suction hose 2. This gives for the suction hose 1 in comparison to the suction hose 2 with increasing opening width d a This causes, as shown in Figure 6, a greater efficiency of the vacuum cleaner 10 when it is equipped with the suction hose 1 compared to the equipment with the suction hose 2.
• the electric motor 27 ( Figure 8 (a)) is a Assigned measuring device 92, which measures the characterizing for the operation of the electric motor 27 parameters. In the example case of a universal motor, the measuring device 92 measures the motor current.
• the measuring device 92 measures a rotor position or a rotational speed directly or indirectly.
• magnetic flux-sensitive sensors measure the magnetic flux of the rotor or optical sensors are provided. It is also possible, for example, for the rotor position to be detected via the countervoltage indicated in a coil device.
• the measuring device 92 is signal-effectively connected to the control device 62.
• the measuring device 92 delivers its measured data to the control device 62.
• the control device 62 in turn comprises a storage device 94.
• the flow characteristic curve or the flow characteristic field of the vacuum cleaner 10 is stored in the storage device 94.
• the electric motor 27 is also associated with an adjusting device 96.
• the adjusting device 96 sets one or more admission parameters for the at least one electric motor 27 for its operation.
• a motor voltage terminal voltage
• the adjusting device 96 provides corresponding commutation signals for the electric motor 27. These commutation signals are, in particular, PWM signals.
• the adjusting device 96 may be part of the control device 62 or be controlled by this.
• the control device 62 comprises a processing device 98, at which a processing of the measuring signals of the measuring device 92 is performed. In particular, a link with the flow characteristic or the flow characteristic field from the storage device 94 is performed. Due to the clear relationship between the parameter characterizing the operation of the electric motor 27, which is measured by the measuring device 92, and the suction fluid flow, if this
• Measured parameter also known as a suction fluid flow. From this, appropriate control processes or control processes can then be initiated or carried out.
• the measuring device 92 provides time-resolved signals.
• the processing device 98 detects the "long-term course", for example over several minutes, whereby short-term changes are not taken into account in this evaluation. If the suction fluid stream 84 decreases in such a long-term observation, then a major cause may be clogging of the filter 22. Accordingly, the control device 62, which is signal-effectively connected to the external air valve device 33, by appropriate control of the external air valve device 33 cause a filter cleaning.
• the control device 62 comprises a control device 100, by means of which a control loop can be formed.
• the parameters characterizing the operation of the electric motor 27 are measured by the measuring device 92, and the control device 100 (which is in particular the processing device 98) is provided.
• the control objective is to maintain the suction fluid flow at a defined and, for example, constant value, which is in particular below a maximum suction fluid flow, that is throttled with respect to this.
• the relationship between the parameter characterizing the operation of the electric motor 27 and the suction fluid flow is given by way of the flow characteristic or the flow characteristic field.
• the control objective is therefore to set or maintain the defined value of the suction fluid flow.
• the control goal is achieved by setting a control variable accordingly.
• the control variable in turn is a loading parameter for the electric motor 27, which is adjusted via the adjusting device 96.
• this control variable (part size) is a motor voltage (terminal voltage) of the electric motor 27.
• the corresponding control variable is the signal for the electronic commutation which is provided to a coil device of the electric motor 27.
• the control objective is to keep the suction fluid flow at an (approximately) constant value 104.
• This constant value is, for example, in the range between 15 l / s and 40 l / s. It is in particular in the range between 20 l / s and 30 l / s. In the embodiment shown, it is about 25 l / s.
• the suction fluid flow should be kept at the constant value 104 even with variation of the opening width d (at least in sections).
• the control objective is therefore to keep the suction fluid flow, that is, this can not be adapted to the opening width d within a functional range of the control loop, but is held.
• control method is assigned a functional area which is predetermined by a lower limit value 104 of the parameter characterizing the operation of the electric motor 27.
• the lower limit thus also corresponds to a lower limit value for the suction fluid flow.
• the functional area 108 follows the lower limit value 106. If the parameter characterizing the operation of the electric motor 27 is above the lower limit value 106, then the control process may be performed. Below the limit value 106, a performance of the control method is not meaningful, because here the suction fluid flow is too small, that is, the opening width d of the diaphragm 86 is too small.
• the electric motor 27 has an engine characteristic (reference characteristic) which characterizes the relationship between the parameter characterizing the operation of the electric motor 27 and the application parameter.
• this motor characteristic indicates the relationship between motor current and motor voltage (terminal voltage).
• this motor characteristic is designated by the reference numeral 110.
• the control device 62 includes a supply voltage measuring device 112 or is in signal-effective connection with this.
• the supply voltage as a mains voltage can in principle be subject to fluctuations. These fluctuations can then be compensated in the control process.
• a measurement of the parameter characterizing the operation of the electric motor 27 takes place at 114.
• the control target is a defined value of the suction fluid flow 84.
• a specific flow is assigned. If there is a deviation, then the control variable motor voltage is varied.
• a comparison between motor current and motor voltage is first carried out at 116 with the aid of the motor characteristic curve 110. If deviations are detected at 118, then at 120 the motor voltage is changed, that is, increased or reduced depending on the deviation. If no deviation is detected, at 114 the next current measurement without voltage change is evaluated.
• the motor characteristic curve 110 is a characteristic curve of the electric motor 27. It is different for differently designed electric motors 27. It may be different for identical electric motors 27 in different suckers.
• FIG. 9 shows the power curve.
• the curve 126 corresponds to the power curve when the control method according to the invention is used. It can be seen that, in the functional area 108, the power is below an average power 128. So there is an effective suction with minimal noise.
• the power increases. In this case, it makes sense if the described control method is no longer used, that is, in particular, the suction is no longer regulated accordingly.
• the curve 130 shows a comparison case without regulation. It can be seen that in the functional area 108, the power consumption of the vacuum cleaner 10 is reduced.
• a safety function of the vacuum cleaner 10 can also be realized via the processing device 98. If, for example, a threshold value of the parameter, which characterizes the operation of the at least one electric motor, and / or a certain airflow is undershot, then the processing device 98 causes a
• the control mode is then set again. If such a power reduction should be necessary once or several times, then the processing device 26 ensures a shutdown of the vacuum cleaner 10. As a result, the suction system can be protected from high negative pressures. For example, a clogging by dirt of the suction hose 18 or a suction nozzle or even of the suction inlet 16 by a sucked float lead to falling below the threshold values.
• a switching device 132 (FIG. 8 (a)), by means of which operating modes can be set via the control device 62, is arranged on the vacuum cleaner 10.
• Such an adjustable operating mode is, for example, a suction operation with a control according to the invention via the control device 100 as described above. Such operation is optimized for low noise and high energy efficiency.
• Another possible operating mode is a suction operation without regulation according to the control loop. Such operation is particularly useful to achieve maximum airflow.
• a suction operation without a rule is particularly useful for the suction of coarse dirt.
• it can be adjusted, for example via the switching device 132, that the maximum air flow is present.
• a water suction operation can also be set via the switching device 132. It then takes place such a regulation that the water suction works optimized.
• a blowing operation can be set in particular without regulation.
• an operating mode for operating a brush which is rotated by the suction unit with at least approximately constant air flow, can also be set via the switching device 132. is driven.
• the at least approximately constant air flow is adjusted according to the control method according to the invention.
• the suction system according to the invention can also be realized in other applications such as a suction sweeper.
• the flow characteristic or the flow characteristic field and also the engine characteristic 110 are stored in the memory device 94.
• the flow characteristic curve or the flow characteristic field is determined on the vacuum cleaner 10 or a type of construction of the same type with respect to the flow guide.
• the opening width d is varied and measured in each case for a particular value of d of the parameters characterizing the operation of the electric motor 27, and the suction fluid flow is measured, for example, via a mass flow meter.
• the characteristic curve can then be set up and stored in the memory device 94.
• the motor characteristic curve 110 of the electric motor 27 is known or is also measured and stored in the memory device 94.
• the operating modes mentioned can then be carried out via the stored flow characteristic or the stored flow characteristic field.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Electric Vacuum Cleaner (AREA)
• Nozzles For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-03-27 DE DE102012102631A patent/DE102012102631A1/de active Pending
• 2013
  • 2013-03-26 WO PCT/EP2013/056413 patent/WO2013144149A1/fr not_active Ceased

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