WO2013178132A1 - Procédé et dispositif d'alignement de faisceau d'antenne - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif d'alignement de faisceau d'antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013178132A1
WO2013178132A1 PCT/CN2013/079081 CN2013079081W WO2013178132A1 WO 2013178132 A1 WO2013178132 A1 WO 2013178132A1 CN 2013079081 W CN2013079081 W CN 2013079081W WO 2013178132 A1 WO2013178132 A1 WO 2013178132A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optimal
beam antenna
antenna
narrow
alignment direction
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2013/079081
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈霖
郭阳
支周
禹忠
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/125—Means for positioning
    • H01Q1/1257—Means for positioning using the received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to an antenna beam alignment method and apparatus.
  • the 60 GHz millimeter wave wireless communication technology has gradually moved from theoretical research to practical application.
  • the biggest advantage of the 60 GHz millimeter wave technology is that the transmission bandwidth is very wide. In the vicinity of the 60 GHz band, it can provide a continuous transmission bandwidth of up to 5 GHz, and the transmission rate can reach several bits per second (abbreviated as bps), and the work used.
  • the band can be used without authorization.
  • the electromagnetic spectrum is a strong absorption peak around 60 GHz
  • the electromagnetic wave propagation attenuation in this frequency range is very large, so the typical transmission distance of 60 GHz millimeter wave communication technology is no more than 10 meters.
  • This electromagnetic propagation characteristic not only defines the application scenario of 60 GHz millimeter wave communication technology, but also makes the indoor environment, and also makes space division multiplexing possible.
  • the standardization of 60 GHz millimeter wave is also accelerating, and several standards organizations have developed technical specifications for their respective 60 GHz communications, such as IEEE 802.11 ad and B IEEE 802.15.3c and ECMA-387 in Europe.
  • the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) also issued the International Standard 13156 based on the first edition of ECMA-387.
  • the 60 GHz millimeter wave technology still has some technical difficulties, mainly due to the 60 GHz electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics and the spatial channel characteristics determined by it. For example: Due to the strong absorption of electromagnetic signals by oxygen molecules in the 60 GHz band, path loss is large; in order to effectively counter path loss, a directional antenna with high gain is required. When such a high-gain directional antenna is used, if the target device does not fall within the pointing range of the current device antenna pattern, the target device cannot be found, resulting in a so-called "shadow phenomenon". How to establish and maintain the smoothness of the wireless link when the shadow effect occurs is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • 60 GHz devices typically use beam-direction tunable antennas and establish a connection by spatial scanning to find an effective transmission path between the transmit/receive links.
  • the beam of the transmitting/receiving antenna is very narrow, how to quickly align the transmitting/receiving beam becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the related art is to configure a beam direction tunable antenna on a transmitting/receiving device, and to search for an optimal transmission path between the transmitting end and the receiving end by step scanning of the beam direction. This configuration method has obvious disadvantages.
  • the link from the transmitting end to the receiving end may be interrupted, resulting in the antennas at both ends being unavailable.
  • Information exchange and beam-pairing based on this; for example, since both the transmitting end and the receiving end need to perform beam scanning, it is assumed that there are N antenna beams at each end. Adjustable pointing, both ends of the antenna beam pointing to a common N 2 Possible combinations, and the optimal combination needs to be N 2 Only one scan can be found, which will undoubtedly increase the delay in establishing a connection.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna beam alignment method and apparatus to solve at least the above problems.
  • an antenna beam alignment method includes: Determining an optimal and/or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna using the narrow beam antenna and the wide beam antenna; establishing an optimal communication link based on the optimal beam alignment direction and/or The sub-optimal beam alignment direction establishes a sub-optimal communication link.
  • the optimal communication link is abnormal, switching the optimal communication link to the sub-optimal communication link; or when the optimal communication link is abnormal, according to the sub-optimal beam
  • the sub-optimal communication link is established in the alignment direction.
  • determining the optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna by using the narrow beam antenna and the wide beam antenna includes: the narrow beam antenna of the local end performs the step beam direction scanning, and is directed to each beam direction. Transmitting a low-rate signal; the local end receives the channel quality information that is fed back by the peer end, where the channel quality information is determined according to the low-rate signal; the local end determines that the local end is narrow according to the channel quality information.
  • Optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the beam antenna is
  • the channel quality information is determined according to the low rate signal, comprising: receiving, by the peer end, the low rate signal by using a wide beam antenna or a narrow beam antenna, and extracting the low rate signal from the low rate signal Channel quality information corresponding to the corresponding beam direction.
  • determining the optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna by using the narrow beam antenna and the wide beam antenna further comprises: performing a step beam direction scan on the local narrow beam antenna, facing each beam Transmitting a low-rate signal in the direction; the local end receives the optimal or sub-optimal beam pair of the local narrow-beam antenna fed back by the peer end The quasi-direction, wherein the optimal or sub-optimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow-beam antenna is determined by the opposite end according to the low-rate signal.
  • the optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is determined by the opposite end according to the low rate signal: the peer end receives the low rate through its wide beam antenna or narrow beam antenna Signaling, and extracting channel quality information corresponding to the corresponding beam direction from the low-rate signal; selecting an optimal or sub-optimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow-beam antenna from different beam directions according to each channel quality information .
  • the channel quality corresponding to the suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is second only to the channel quality corresponding to the optimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna, and the local narrow beam is An angle between a suboptimal beam alignment direction of the antenna and an optimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is greater than a preset threshold; and/or a suboptimal beam alignment of the opposite narrow beam antenna
  • the channel quality corresponding to the direction is second only to the channel quality corresponding to the optimal beam alignment direction of the opposite narrow beam antenna, and the suboptimal beam alignment direction of the opposite narrow beam antenna and the opposite narrow beam antenna
  • the angle between the optimal beam alignment directions is greater than a predetermined threshold.
  • the method before determining the optimal and/or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna by using the narrow beam antenna and the wide beam antenna, the method further includes: utilizing the local end and the pair The wide-beam antenna at the end establishes a low-rate communication link between the local end and the opposite end for low-rate data transmission.
  • the local end and the opposite end are 60 GHz millimeter wave communication network elements.
  • the wide beam antenna is a low gain wide beam antenna
  • the narrow beam antenna is a high gain narrow beam antenna.
  • establishing an optimal communication link according to the optimal beam alignment direction or establishing a suboptimal communication link according to the suboptimal beam alignment direction includes: the narrow beam antenna of the local end and the narrow beam of the opposite end The antennas are aligned with their respective optimal or sub-optimal beam alignment directions to establish an optimal or sub-optimal communication link for high-rate data transmission.
  • an antenna beam aligning apparatus where the apparatus is located at a local end and a opposite end, and the local end is configured with a narrow beam antenna and a wide beam antenna, and the opposite end is configured with a narrow beam antenna and a wide beam antenna, the apparatus comprising: a direction determining module configured to determine an optimal and/or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna using the narrow beam antenna and the wide beam antenna; A link establishing module is configured to establish an optimal communication link according to the optimal beam alignment direction and/or establish a sub-optimal communication link according to the sub-optimal beam alignment direction.
  • the apparatus further comprises a switching module configured to switch the optimal communication link to the sub-optimal communication link or to align with the sub-optimal beam when the optimal communication link is abnormal
  • the direction establishes a sub-optimal communication link.
  • the device further includes a control module, configured to control the narrow beam antenna of the local end to perform step beam direction scanning, transmit a low rate signal to each beam direction, and control channel quality information that the local end receives feedback from the peer end. Determining an optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna according to the channel quality information, where the channel quality information is determined according to the low rate signal.
  • control module is further configured to control the peer to receive the low rate signal through its wide beam antenna or narrow beam antenna, and extract channel quality corresponding to the corresponding beam direction from the low rate signal information.
  • the device further includes a control module, configured to control the narrow beam antenna of the local end to perform step beam direction scanning, transmit a low rate signal to each beam direction, and control the local end to receive the peer end feedback narrow An optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the beam antenna, wherein an optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is determined by the opposite end according to the low rate signal.
  • control module is further configured to control the peer to receive the low rate signal through its wide beam antenna or narrow beam antenna, and extract channel quality information corresponding to the corresponding beam direction from the low rate signal, Then, an optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is selected from different beam directions according to each channel quality information.
  • the channel quality corresponding to the suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is second only to the channel quality corresponding to the optimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna, and the local narrow beam is An angle between a suboptimal beam alignment direction of the antenna and an optimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is greater than a preset threshold; and/or a suboptimal beam alignment of the opposite narrow beam antenna
  • the channel quality corresponding to the direction is second only to the channel quality corresponding to the optimal beam alignment direction of the opposite narrow beam antenna, and the suboptimal beam alignment direction of the opposite narrow beam antenna and the opposite narrow beam antenna
  • the angle between the optimal beam alignment directions is greater than a predetermined threshold.
  • the link establishing module is further configured to establish a low-rate communication link between the local end and the opposite end by using the local beam and the wide-beam antenna of the opposite end to perform low-rate data transmission.
  • the local end and the opposite end are 60 GHz millimeter wave communication network elements.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an antenna beam alignment method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a transmitting end and a receiving end antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an antenna beam alignment method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Embodiment 1 is a flowchart of an antenna beam alignment method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
  • Step S102 Using a narrow beam antenna and a wide beam antenna to determine an optimality of a narrow beam antenna and/or Or sub-optimal beam alignment direction; Step S104, establishing an optimal communication link according to the optimal beam alignment direction and/or establishing a sub-optimal communication link according to the sub-optimal beam alignment direction.
  • a narrow beam antenna and a wide beam antenna are configured on the local end
  • a narrow beam antenna and a wide beam antenna are configured on the opposite end
  • the narrow beam antenna and the wide beam antenna are used to determine the optimality of the narrow beam antenna and/or Suboptimal
  • the beam alignment direction establishes an optimal and/or sub-optimal communication link, which changes the practice that the local end and the opposite end only configure a narrow beam antenna and can only establish a communication link through the narrow beam antenna.
  • occlusion occurs, a significantly increased path loss will result in a sharp drop in the optimal communication link data transmission capability or even an interruption of the existing data transmission channel. In this case, it is necessary to switch the transmission channel to the new transmission link as soon as possible. .
  • multiple beam alignments should be performed, at least two channels, including an optimal communication link and a sub-optimal communication link.
  • the method of replacing the optimal communication link with the sub-optimal communication link may preferably be to directly switch from the optimal communication link to the established sub-optimal communication link,
  • the sub-optimal communication link may be established based on the suboptimal beam alignment direction that has been determined in advance. If the wide beam antenna and the narrow beam antenna can be used to determine the optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna, the manner in which the local end determines the optimal or suboptimal alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna can be various.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides the following two preferred modes:
  • the first mode the local narrow-beam antenna can be scanned in the step beam direction, the low-rate signal is transmitted in the direction of each beam, and the channel fed back by the peer is received at the local end.
  • the optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is determined according to the channel quality information, wherein the channel quality information is determined according to the low rate signal.
  • the method for determining the channel quality information according to the low-rate signal may be various.
  • the peer receives the low-rate signal through the wide beam antenna or the narrow beam antenna, the corresponding beam direction is extracted from the low-rate signal. Corresponding channel quality information.
  • the local narrow-beam antenna can be scanned in the step beam direction to transmit a low-rate signal in each beam direction, and then the local end receives the optimal or sub-optimal of the local narrow-beam antenna fed back by the opposite end.
  • the beam alignment direction wherein the optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is determined by the opposite end according to the low rate signal.
  • the peer end receives the low rate signal through the wide beam antenna or the narrow beam antenna, and extracts channel quality information corresponding to the corresponding beam direction from the low rate signal, and selects from different beam directions according to each channel quality information.
  • Optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is scanned in the step beam direction to transmit a low-rate signal in each beam direction, and then the local end receives the optimal or sub-optimal of the local narrow-beam antenna fed back by the opposite end.
  • the beam alignment direction wherein the optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is determined by the opposite end according to the low rate signal.
  • the narrow-beam antenna of the local end passes N scans (assuming that the beam of the narrow-beam antenna has N directions), thereby determining the optimal or sub-optimal beam pointing of the narrow-beam antenna of the local end, and shortening the related technology.
  • the channel quality corresponding to the suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is second only to the channel quality corresponding to the optimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna.
  • the angle between the suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna and the optimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is greater than a preset threshold; and/or the suboptimal beam pair of the opposite narrow beam antenna
  • the channel quality corresponding to the quasi-direction is second only to the channel quality corresponding to the optimal beam alignment direction of the opposite-end narrow-beam antenna, and the sub-optimal beam alignment direction of the opposite-end narrow-beam antenna is optimal with the opposite-end narrow-beam antenna.
  • the angle between the beam alignment directions is greater than a predetermined threshold.
  • the local beam and the opposite end wide beam antenna may be used to establish a low between the local end and the opposite end.
  • Rate communication link for low rate data transmission. Because of the low rate, this low rate control signaling link can still be maintained, although the transmitted signal experiences channel induced attenuation and distortion. Through the above steps, the practice of the link interruption in the related art in the antenna scan cannot be maintained.
  • the local end and the opposite end may be 60 GHz millimeter wave communication network elements.
  • the vicinity of the 60 GHz band is a strong absorption peak, and the electromagnetic wave propagation attenuation in this frequency range is very large, so it is preferably near the 60 GHz band.
  • the wide beam antenna is a low gain wide beam antenna
  • the narrow beam antenna is a high gain narrow beam antenna.
  • Both the high-gain narrow-beam antenna and the low-gain wide-beam antenna can be configured on the local end and the opposite end.
  • the high-gain narrow-beam antenna and the low-gain wide-beam antenna have multiple implementations, such as using multiple antenna elements.
  • the array is used to increase the gain and the like, whether or not it is an array antenna, and is included in the narrow beam antenna or the wide beam antenna in this embodiment.
  • the narrow beam antenna can transmit data at a low rate or transmit data at a high rate.
  • the narrow beam antenna of the local end and the narrow beam antenna of the opposite end are aligned with the respective optimal or suboptimal beam alignment directions to establish an optimal or Sub-optimal communication link for high-rate data transmission.
  • Embodiment 2 The embodiment of the present invention further provides an antenna beam aligning device, which is used to implement the foregoing embodiments and preferred embodiments, and has not been described again.
  • the term "module" can implement a combination of software and/or hardware for a predetermined function.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of an antenna beam alignment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the apparatus includes: a direction determining module 302 and a link establishing module 304.
  • the direction determining module 302 is configured to determine an optimal and/or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna by using the narrow beam antenna and the wide beam antenna; and the link establishing module 304 is configured to establish an optimal according to the optimal beam alignment direction.
  • the communication link and/or the sub-optimal communication link is established according to the suboptimal beam alignment direction.
  • the apparatus further includes a switching module 306 configured to switch the optimal communication link to the sub-optimal communication link or establish a sub-optimal communication link according to the suboptimal beam alignment direction when the optimal communication link is abnormal. .
  • the device further includes a control module 308, configured to control the narrow beam antenna of the local end to perform step beam direction scanning, transmit a low rate signal to each beam direction, and control channel quality information that the local end receives feedback from the peer end.
  • the optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is determined according to the channel quality information, where the channel quality information is determined according to the low rate signal.
  • the control module 308 is further configured to control the peer to receive the low rate signal through its wide beam antenna or narrow beam antenna, and extract channel quality information corresponding to the corresponding beam direction from the low rate signal.
  • the control module 308 is configured to control the narrow beam antenna of the local end to perform the step beam direction scanning, transmit the low rate signal to each beam direction, and control the optimality of the local narrow beam antenna that is received by the local end at the opposite end.
  • the suboptimal beam alignment direction wherein the optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is determined by the opposite end according to the low rate signal.
  • the control module 308 is further configured to control the peer to receive the low rate signal through its wide beam antenna or narrow beam antenna, and extract channel quality information corresponding to the corresponding beam direction from the low rate signal, Then, an optimal or suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is selected from different beam directions according to each channel quality information.
  • the channel quality corresponding to the suboptimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna is second only to the channel quality corresponding to the optimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow beam antenna, and the suboptimal beam pair of the local narrow beam antenna
  • the angle between the quasi-direction and the optimal beam alignment direction of the local narrow-beam antenna is greater than a preset threshold; and/or the channel quality corresponding to the sub-optimal beam alignment direction of the opposite-end narrow-beam antenna is second only to the opposite end
  • the channel quality corresponding to the optimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna, and the angle between the suboptimal beam alignment direction of the opposite narrow beam antenna and the optimal beam alignment direction of the opposite narrow beam antenna is greater than a preset Threshold.
  • the link establishment module 304 is further configured to establish a low-rate communication link between the local end and the opposite end by using the wide-beam antenna of the local end and the opposite end to perform low-rate data transmission.
  • the local and opposite ends are 60 GHz millimeter wave communication network elements.
  • the components in the device can be combined with each other to complete the corresponding functions according to the method described in the first embodiment, and have the same beneficial effects.
  • the transmitting end and the receiving end may be the local end or the opposite end. When the transmitting end corresponds to the local end, the receiving end corresponds to the opposite end; when the transmitting end corresponds to the opposite end, the receiving end corresponds to the local end.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of an antenna beam alignment method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process includes the following steps: Step S402: A low data rate (LDR) is transmitted at a transmitting end. Into the signal. The transmitting end uses a low-gain wide beam antenna to transmit a low-rate access signal to the receiving end, waiting for the receiving end to respond. Step S404, the receiving end responds to the low rate access signal. The receiver low gain wide beam antenna is in the listening state and the high gain narrow beam antenna is in the inactive state. When the low rate access signal of the transmitting end is received, the low rate access signal is transmitted in response to the low rate access signal, and the low rate acknowledgment signaling is sent using the low gain wide beam antenna.
  • LDR low data rate
  • Step S406 the narrow beam antenna of the transmitting end performs the step beam direction scanning, and the receiving end determines the optimal beam alignment direction of the transmitting end.
  • the transmitter configures the low-gain wide beam antenna and the high-gain narrow-beam antenna to start working simultaneously.
  • the low gain wide beam antenna is used to receive demodulation low rate control signaling, maintaining a low rate control signal link, and the high gain narrow beam antenna begins to perform beam step beam direction scanning and transmits low rate control signaling.
  • the receiving end still uses only the low-gain wide beam antenna for transmitting and receiving.
  • the receiving end can obtain the corresponding channel quality information, such as channel quality indication (Channel Quality indication). Indication, referred to as CQI) parameters.
  • the receiving end selects one of the plurality of beam stepping angles as the optimal beam alignment direction according to the channel quality information, and sends control signaling to notify the transmitting end of the optimal beam alignment direction.
  • Step S408 the transmitting end aligns its high gain narrow beam antenna beam with its optimal beam alignment direction.
  • the transmitting end aligns the beam of its high-gain narrow-beam antenna with the optimal beam alignment direction notified by the receiving end, and stops the beam step-scan, and then switches its wide-beam antenna to the non-working state, and passes the high gain narrow
  • the beam antenna transmits or receives low rate control signaling.
  • Step S410 the receiving end high-gain narrow beam antenna performs step beam direction scanning, and the transmitting end determines the optimal beam alignment direction of the receiving end.
  • the receiving end turns off its low-gain wide-beam antenna, and simultaneously enables its high-gain narrow-beam antenna to perform step beam direction scanning.
  • the transmitting end compares the channel quality of the narrow beam direction of different receiving ends, selects the optimal beam alignment direction of the receiving end, and passes The low rate control signaling informs the receiving end.
  • Step S412 the receiver high-gain narrow beam antenna beam is aligned with its optimal beam alignment direction.
  • the receiving end aligns the beam of the high-gain narrow-beam antenna with the optimal beam alignment direction notified by the receiving end and stops the step-scanning.
  • the transmitting signal is established by the beam-aligned narrow-beam antenna from the transmitting end to the receiving end. Low rate communication link.
  • the high-gain narrow-beam antenna at the transmitting end and the receiving end stops the low-rate data transmission, and starts the high-speed (High Data Rate, HDR for short) data transmission.
  • the high-gain narrow-beam antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end still perform low-rate control signaling. Step S414, turning on the wide beam antenna. This step is omitted if it is not necessary to determine the suboptimal beam alignment direction; this step is performed only when it is necessary to determine the suboptimal beam alignment direction.
  • the optimal beam alignment direction of the high-gain narrow-beam antenna beam at the transmitting end and the receiving end is recorded, and then the pointing of the high-gain narrow-beam antenna at the transmitting end and the receiving end is turned off, and the low-gain wide beam antenna of the transmitting end and the receiving end is simultaneously turned on.
  • the low rate access signal, the low rate acknowledgment signaling, and the low rate control signaling are all low rate signals.
  • the transmitting end and the receiving end may be the local end or the opposite end. When the transmitting end corresponds to the local end, the receiving end corresponds to the opposite end; when the transmitting end corresponds to the opposite end, the receiving end corresponds to the local end.
  • FIG. 5 is a second flowchart of an antenna beam alignment method in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the steps of Figure 5 are further performed on the basis of performing step S414 in Figure 4 .
  • the process includes the following steps: Step S502: The transmitting end transmits a low rate control signal.
  • the transmitting end turns on its high-gain narrow-beam antenna for step beam direction scanning, transmits a low-rate control signal, and the receiving end uses its wide-beam antenna for reception.
  • Step S504 the receiving end determines a secondary sub-optimal beam alignment direction of the transmitting end.
  • the receiver low gain wide beam antenna is in the listening state and the high gain narrow beam antenna is in the inactive state.
  • the low gain wide beam antenna is used to transmit low rate acknowledgement signaling. Because of the low rate, this low rate control signaling link can still be maintained, although the transmitted signal experiences channel induced attenuation and distortion.
  • the receiving end determines the suboptimal beam alignment direction of the transmitting end. For the channel established by each beam step angle of the narrow-beam antenna at the transmitting end, the receiving end can obtain the channel quality information corresponding thereto, such as the CQI parameter.
  • the receiving end selects one of the plurality of beam stepping angles as the sub-optimal beam alignment direction of the narrow-beam antenna of the receiving end according to the channel quality information, and sends control signaling to notify the transmitting of the sub-optimal beam alignment direction. end.
  • the suboptimal beam alignment direction refers to the optimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna of the transmitting end that is already stored, and the optimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna of the transmitting end.
  • the angle needs to be greater than a certain threshold.
  • the receiving end performs antenna beam scanning.
  • the transmitting end aligns the beam of the high-gain narrow-beam antenna with the sub-optimal beam alignment direction notified by the receiving end, and stops the beam step-scan, records the sub-optimal beam alignment direction, and then sets the low-gain wide beam antenna. Switching to the inactive state, transmitting or receiving low rate control signaling through the high gain narrow beam antenna.
  • the receiver opens its high-gain narrow-beam antenna for step beam direction scanning.
  • Step S508 the transmitting end determines a suboptimal beam alignment direction of the receiving end, and notifies the receiving end.
  • the transmitting end compares the channel quality in different directions of the high-gain narrow-beam antenna at the receiving end, selects the sub-optimal beam alignment direction of the receiving end, and informs the receiving end through low-rate control signaling.
  • the selection process of the sub-optimal beam alignment direction is similar to the selection process in step S504, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step S510 The receiving end aligns the beam of the high-gain narrow-beam antenna with the sub-optimal beam alignment direction.
  • the receiving end aligns the beam of its high-gain narrow-beam antenna with the sub-optimal beam alignment direction notified by the receiving end and stops the step-scan, and saves the sub-optimal beam alignment direction.
  • a low-rate link for transmitting signaling is established through the beam-aligned narrow beam antenna from the transmitting end to the receiving end.
  • Step S512 establishing a high rate link.
  • the receiving end and the transmitting end acquire the optimal beam alignment direction of the transmitting end and the receiving end high gain narrow beam antenna stored in step S414 in FIG. 4, and the receiving end high gain narrow beam antenna is aligned with the receiving end high gain narrow beam antenna.
  • the high-gain narrow-beam antenna at the transmitting end is aligned with the optimal beam alignment direction of the high-gain narrow-beam antenna at the transmitting end, a high-speed link is established, and high-speed data transmission is used. If the high-rate link is abnormal, obtain the suboptimal beam alignment direction of the stored high-gain narrow-beam antenna of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and align the high-gain narrow-beam antennas of the transmitting end and the receiving end with the sub-optimal beam alignment respectively. Direction, establish a sub-optimal communication link, and perform high-rate data transmission.
  • the low rate control signal and the low rate acknowledgement signaling are all low rate signals.
  • the transmitting end and the receiving end may be the local end or the opposite end.
  • the transmitting end corresponds to the local end
  • the receiving end corresponds to the opposite end; when the transmitting end corresponds to the opposite end, the receiving end corresponds to the local end.
  • the flowchart of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 4. The process includes the following steps: Step S402: A transmitting end transmits a low rate access signal. The transmitting end uses a wide beam antenna to transmit a low rate access signal to the receiving end, waiting for the receiving end to respond. Step S404, the receiving end responds to the low rate access signal. The receiver wide beam antenna is in the listening state and the narrow beam antenna is in the inactive state.
  • the low rate access signal When a low rate access signal is received from the transmitting end, the low rate access signal is transmitted in response to the low rate access signal. Due to the low rate, this low rate link can still be maintained, although the transmitted signal experiences channel induced attenuation and distortion.
  • Step S406 the narrow beam antenna of the transmitting end performs the step beam direction scanning. After the low-rate link is established, the transmitting end configures the wide beam antenna and the narrow beam antenna to start working simultaneously.
  • the wide beam antenna is used to receive demodulation low rate control signaling, maintain low rate control signaling links, and the narrow beam antenna begins to perform beam step beam direction scanning and transmit low rate control signaling.
  • the receiving end still uses only the wide beam antenna for transmitting and receiving.
  • the receiving end can obtain the corresponding channel quality information, such as channel quality indication (Channel Quality Indication, Referred to as CQI) parameters.
  • the receiving end sends the channel quality information to the transmitting end.
  • Step S408 the transmitting end determines an optimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna.
  • the transmitting end After receiving the channel quality information transmitted by the transmitting end, the transmitting end compares the quality information of each channel corresponding to different beam directions, selects the beam direction corresponding to the channel with the best channel quality, that is, the optimal beam alignment direction, and the narrow beam antenna thereof The beam is aligned with the selected optimal beam alignment direction and remains stationary, stopping the beam step scan, then switching its wide beam antenna to an inactive state, transmitting or receiving low rate control signaling through the narrow beam antenna.
  • the receiving end narrow beam antenna performs step beam direction scanning. The receiver closes its wide beam antenna while enabling its narrow beam antenna for step beam direction scanning to transmit low rate signals. The transmitting end extracts corresponding channel quality information from the received low rate signal and feeds back to the receiving end through low rate control signaling.
  • Step S412 the receiver narrow beam antenna beam is aligned with its optimal beam alignment direction.
  • the receiving end compares multiple channel quality information, and selects the beam direction corresponding to the channel with the best channel quality, that is, the optimal beam alignment direction.
  • the receiving end aligns the beam of its narrow beam antenna with the selected optimal beam alignment direction and stops the step scanning.
  • the low-speed communication for transmitting signaling is established by the beam-aligned narrow beam antenna from the transmitting end to the receiving end. link.
  • the narrow-beam antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end stop the low-rate data transmission, and start high-speed (High Data Rate, HDR for short) data transmission.
  • Step S414 turning on the wide beam antenna.
  • This step is omitted if it is not necessary to determine the suboptimal beam alignment direction; this step is performed only when it is necessary to determine the suboptimal beam alignment direction.
  • the optimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna beam at the transmitting end and the receiving end is recorded, and then the pointing of the narrow beam antenna of the transmitting end and the receiving end is turned off, and the wide beam antenna of the transmitting end and the receiving end is simultaneously turned on.
  • the low rate access signal, the low rate acknowledgment signaling, and the low rate control signaling are all low rate signals.
  • the transmitting end and the receiving end may be the local end or the opposite end.
  • the transmitting end corresponds to the local end
  • the receiving end corresponds to the opposite end
  • the transmitting end corresponds to the local end.
  • the present embodiment is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the steps of FIG. 5 are further performed on the basis of performing step S414 in FIG. 4.
  • the flow includes the following steps: Step S502:
  • the transmitting end transmits a low rate control signal.
  • the transmitting end turns on its narrow beam antenna for step beam direction scanning, transmits a low rate control signal, and the receiving end uses its wide beam antenna for reception.
  • Step S504 The receiving end feeds back channel quality information to the transmitting end, and the transmitting end determines a suboptimal beam alignment direction.
  • the receiver wide beam antenna is in the listening state and the narrow beam antenna is in the inactive state.
  • the wide beam antenna is used to transmit low rate acknowledgment signaling. Due to the low rate, this low rate control signaling link can still be maintained, although the transmitted signal experiences channel induced attenuation and distortion.
  • the receiving end can obtain channel quality information corresponding to the beam step angle, such as a CQI parameter, from the low-rate control signal transmitted by the transmitting end.
  • the receiving end sends the received channel quality information to the transmitting end.
  • the transmitting end compares multiple channel quality information to determine the suboptimal beam direction.
  • the suboptimal beam alignment direction is second only to the optimal beam alignment direction of the transmitted narrow beam antenna of the transmitting end, and the angle between the optimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna of the transmitting end is required. Greater than a preset threshold.
  • Step S506 the receiving end performs antenna beam scanning.
  • the transmitting end aligns the beam of the narrow beam antenna with the suboptimal beam alignment direction and remains stationary. At the same time, the beam step scanning is stopped, the suboptimal beam alignment direction is recorded, and then the wide beam antenna is switched to the non-working state, and the narrow beam antenna is narrowed.
  • the beam antenna transmits or receives low rate control signaling.
  • the receiver opens its narrow beam antenna for step beam direction scanning.
  • Step S508 the transmitting end feeds back channel quality information to the receiving end.
  • the transmitting end feeds back the channel quality information corresponding to different beam directions of the narrow beam antenna of the receiving end to the receiving end.
  • Step S510 the receiving end selects a suboptimal beam alignment direction.
  • the receiving end selects a suboptimal beam alignment direction according to the received channel quality information.
  • the selection process of the sub-optimal beam alignment direction is similar to the selection process in step S504, and will not be described again.
  • the receiving end aligns the beam of the narrow beam antenna with the selected suboptimal beam alignment direction and stops the step scan, and saves the suboptimal beam alignment direction.
  • Step S512 establishing a high rate link.
  • the receiving end and the transmitting end obtain the optimal beam alignment direction of the stored narrow beam antenna of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the narrow beam antenna of the receiving end is aligned with the optimal beam alignment direction of the narrow beam antenna of the receiving end, and the narrow beam antenna of the transmitting end is adopted. Align the optimal beam alignment direction of the narrow-beam antenna at the transmitting end, establish a high-speed link, and use it for high-rate data transmission.
  • the low rate control signal and the low rate acknowledgement signaling are all low rate signals.
  • a high gain narrow beam directional antenna and a low gain wide beam antenna are used together by adding a low gain wide beam direction antenna, Transmitting/receiving beam scanning and beam alignment of a narrow beam antenna to establish multiple wireless communication links, thereby ensuring the continuity of the link from the transmitting end to the receiving end during beam scanning, while the total number of scanning times is N 2
  • the number of times is reduced to 2N times, which greatly reduces the time to establish a data transmission connection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif d'alignement de faisceau d'antenne. Une extrémité locale est configurée de manière à comporter une antenne à faisceau étroit et une antenne à faisceau large. Une extrémité homologue est configurée de manière à comporter une antenne à faisceau étroit et une antenne à faisceau large. Le procédé consiste à: déterminer une direction d'alignement optimal et/ou sous-optimal du faisceau de l'antenne à faisceau étroit en utilisant l'antenne à faisceau étroit et l'antenne à faisceau large; et établir une liaison de communication optimale en fonction de la direction d'alignement optimal du faisceau et/ou établir une liaison de communication sous-optimale en fonction de la direction d'alignement sous-optimal du faisceau. L'établissement de la liaison de communication optimale et/ou sous-optimale au moyen de l'antenne à faisceau étroit et de l'antenne à faisceau large permet, dans des modes de réalisation de l'invention, de résoudre le problème rencontré dans les technologies connexes, selon lequel l'établissement d'une liaison de communication s'effectue par une antenne à faisceau étroit, ce qui a pour résultat de maintenir la continuité de la liaison et de réduire le temps de transmission et de connexion pour le rétablissement de données.
PCT/CN2013/079081 2012-08-15 2013-07-09 Procédé et dispositif d'alignement de faisceau d'antenne Ceased WO2013178132A1 (fr)

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