Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G04—HOROLOGY
  • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
  • G04B47/00—Time-pieces combined with other articles which do not interfere with the running or the time-keeping of the time-piece
  • G04B47/04—Time-pieces combined with other articles which do not interfere with the running or the time-keeping of the time-piece with attached ornaments or amusement apparatus
  • G04B47/044—Movable decorations and parts thereof

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of watch technology, to watch mechanisms with an indication of time, and, more specifically, to watch mechanisms of a complicated type having additional functions for reproducing in a watch a clear animation of graphic images with the possibility of various games.
• Animation (from the Latin "anima” - soul) is a technology that allows using the inanimate motionless objects to create the illusion of movement [1].
• animation is a series of drawn images. In each subsequent figure, the figure is presented in a slightly different phase of movement. Individual drawings are photographed frame by frame, and then projected onto the screen at a speed of 24 frames per second in sound animation or 16 frames per second in mute. Actions and effects impossible in real life are the essence of animation [2].
• Animation of objects makes inanimate objects seem animated. Can be used as everyday items (matches, forks, watches), as well as photographs and various images.
• computer animation after the main poses are drawn, the intermediate positions of the characters are automatically calculated.
• electronic animation on a computer the entire cartoon is created.
• a more perfect device can be considered the so-called "magic lantern” (lat. "Laterna magica”).
• this device consisted of a wooden or metal casing with a hole or lens in which the light source was placed. Between the light source and the optical system, glass plates were inserted with images printed on them, which were projected in this way onto any suitable surface.
• the next stage in the evolution of instruments for animating drawings came in 1832, when the Belgian professor Joseph Plateau created a unique device in his laboratory - phenakistiskop (from the Greek word “phenax” - a deceiver and the root “osprey” - look).
• the design of the phenacystiscope was based on the ability of the retina of the human eye to remember successive events. So the author himself described his invention: “The device consists of a cardboard disk with holes cut into it. Shapes are drawn on one side of the disc. When the disk is rotated around the axis in front of the mirror, the figures viewed in the mirror through the holes of the disk do not appear to rotate with the disk, but, on the contrary, appear completely independent and make movements inherent to them ”[3].
• the effect of visible movement when changing still images made on the internal disk was called the stroboscopic effect.
• the zootrop was first constructed in 1834 by the English mathematician William George Horner, and was called the “dedaleum” (in honor of Daedalus, who, according to legend, created moving pictures of people and animals).
• the American Colman Sellers invented the “cinematoscope” device, which was a series of photos pasted onto a drum, replacing each other in front of the viewer's eyes.
• Marey created the first chrono-photographic apparatus.
• the experiments of Maybridge and Marey made a significant contribution to the study of human and animal movements and the development of technology.
• Herman Kastler creates a mutoscope, which is a device with a drum in which a thousand (or more) drawings were placed.
• the Frieze-Green film came from the feed drum to the receiver.
• the shutter was opened by means of the same spiral cam.
• the latter was designed on a hand-driven shaft. Each revolution thus exposed a separate film frame.
• Frieze-Green camera with a perforated celluloid tape had all the elements of the cinema, except for the technically perfect jump mechanism of the intermittent movement of the film.
• his apparatus were very complex and in this form could not be widely used.
• outside of England almost nothing was known about his invention.
• the 5th projection apparatus was precisely the hopping mechanism for quick, intermittent change of images.
• the invention of the perfect jump mechanism which made it possible to simultaneously simultaneously intermittently move individual moving images and stop them at the set frequency, became the event that marked the birth of cinema.
• Marey created a new chrono-photographic apparatus with celluloid film.
• the film moved intermittently, making instant stops at a frequency of 20 individual shots per second.
• the mechanism of intermittent movement was extremely primitive. It consisted of
• Marey apparatus made some wonderful films about the movement of living beings.
• Condensusa had a small business in Paris and was an experienced mechanic. He designed several movie cameras for the famous movie company "Pate”.
• the four-blade Maltese system (the Maltese mechanism) consists of a leading disk, which has one finger (eccentric), and a driven disk, equipped with four slots.
• the finger of the driving disk enters the slot of the driven disk and rotates it 90 degrees.
• the gear drum rotates 1/4 turn.
• the driven disk makes four stops during one revolution, and the stop time is three times the travel time.
• the four-blade cross is connected with a hopping gear drum moving the film. Frame standing is determined by the time required to rotate the master disk 270 degrees. After that, the finger again enters the next slot of the four-blade cross and again rotates it 1/4 turn. Thus, intermittent motion of the film occurs.
• Obturator (French obturateur, from Latin obturo - close) - a shutter, shutter that periodically blocks the luminous flux during movement of the film by a jump mechanism in film-making and film-projection equipment or modulating light, for example, in some optical-mechanical and photoelectric devices.
• an obturator In cinema cameras, an obturator is used to periodically block the light passing to the frame window of the cinema camera while the film is moved by a jump mechanism.
• Obturators of all varieties have light cut-outs (sector, rectangular, etc.) through which light passes to the exposed film film layer (in a film camera) or to the projected film frame (in a projection film camera).
• the angular size of the working blade of the shutter is chosen so that it overlaps the light rays for the time required to change the frames.
• the shutter speed must correspond to the frequency of filming or film projection [6].
• game clocks were known that were used as a mobile version of gambling, such as roulette, craps, races, etc. used by the players to “prompt” the number of the leader in horse racing, a game card or combination, and containing either a rotating arrow or a rotating disk with images that at the time they stopped showed random numbers or certain types of images on the dial [7].
• Modern complex devices in the form of watches are also known, combining in one case both a watch and a game mechanism.
• a game clock with the JackPot function [8] is known
• a modern clock with a roulette wheel [9] is known
• a Christophe Claret clock that includes Blackjack is a variation of the card game Poker) and roulette are known [10].
• animation In mechanical watches, animation is historically represented by jacquemars (animated figures of people, for example, a man beating a bell), animated animals (for example, a screaming rooster), and so on. landscape animation (for example, the sun moving across the sky, flowing water, moving leaves on trees).
• Animation in a mechanical watch was initially closely associated with the function of a repeater (clock fight) - moving, figures in a watch enlivened the process of repetition of time.
• the jacquemars were still present in the early tower clocks, later in all kinds of interior clocks, and with the advent and development of pocket and then wristwatches, the jacquemars also decorated them.
• the plafond and the mock-up of the artificial Earth satellite are rotated by a clock mechanism with automatic electric winding and with the correction of the clock.
• the watch has a light source equipped with a shutter-shutter, illustrating the daily illumination of the Earth's surface by the Sun [11]
• a watch is known with a display of the current average solar time on earth, consisting of a device for displaying time, a design of a clock mechanism, a light source, in which a device for displaying time consists of a moving part with an image of the Earth’s surface, divided into 24 time zones, and a fixed part - a dial with 24-hour digitization, and the light source has a position controller for the longitude of the Earth's map and a shutter-obturator, which ensures illumination maps of the actual current midday illumination of the Earth’s surface by the Sun at the equinox [12].
• Butte Matias (FR), Barbazini Enrico (FR), Nava Michel (FR) and DALTON PROPERTIES Incu. (BZ) an indication mechanism that can be installed on a basic clockwork with manual winding, with automatic winding, with a quartz or automatic quartz winding with the ability to recreate a given pattern of moving figures over a selected period of time.
• the mechanism incorporates a certain set of gears that are in gear engagement with each other or groups of gears and are driven by a moving element connected to the base clock mechanism.
• the closest in technical essence and achieved technical result is the watch movement created by Simonyan Sasnik (LB), equipped with slow animation, which seeks to bring a sense of serenity and calm to the user, even when he sets the time, and to give the watch its original look, which contains the casing and the working gear supported by this casing, periodically driven by the drive element, and an animation part designed to be visible and adaptable This is for animating with an oscillating motion, allowing the simulation of a pendulum motion.
• the mechanism also contains an animated gear supported by the housing meshed with the movable part of the working gear and kinematically connected to the animation part [14 (prototype)].
• This mechanism animating the artificially created slow movement of the pendulum on the dial, which is not functional for the clockwork, can be attributed to permanent animation devices.
• a characteristic feature of this mechanism is that the animated gear, the control element and the animation part are located in such a way that the periodic movement sinusoidal oscillatory type, while a flexible element is placed between said movable part and said part so as to smooth the movement of the animation part.
• the objective and technical result of the invention is the ability to create a clear, not blurred animated movement of a graphic, bas-relief or other image using cinema methods with quick change of frames of the animated image, the motionless position of the frames of the animated image in the intervals between their switching and overlapping image frames by the shutter at the time of switching for Watching your watch with clear, non-blurry moving images for entertainment and games, therapeutic calming with cyclic movements of animated images.
• the author of the invention proposes a new method and device for creating on the watch an animated movement of clear images using the methods and mechanisms of cinema, namely the jump mechanism and the shutter.
• Distinctive features of the method is the creation of clear animated images in watches according to the previously unused in the watchmaking principle of cinematography and animation, that is, by sequentially reproducing image frames, where each individual image frame reproduces a new moment (new phase) of movement, with the last image of each cycle being closing in relation to the first image.
• a quick sequential change of frames of images creates the complete illusion of the movement of images, and fixing frames in a fixed position in between the shifts provides the ability to observe clear contrast images without any visually perceptible distortions.
• Distinctive features of the device for watches is a rotating animation demonstration device with a shutter with fast frame change and sequential fixation of each frame in stillness between frame changes, as well as the original principle of mechanisms different in design, which makes frames of the animated image in motion, not previously used in watchmaking , which can be implemented in various design options.
• the drawings show two preferred, but not required examples of the many possible designs of these mechanisms.
• the claimed device for demonstrating animation in watches and watches with demonstration of animation include details: case 1; dial 2; arrows 3; crown 4; image 5; frame window on dial 6; start button 7; disk 8; frame 9; Maltese cross 10; crank 11, the drive wheel of the Maltese mechanism 12; slot of the Maltese cross 13; crank finger 14; a locking cylindrical protrusion with a recess 15; start lever 16; clockwork 17; crown 18; drum wheel drive 19; dog drum wheel drive 20; the drum wheel of the clockwork 21; dog drum wheel clockwork 22; watch drum drum parts 23; balance 24; start lever tooth 25; trigger lever spring 26; finger means for fixing the position of the frame 27; drive drum 28; drive wheels 29; wheel speed stabilization means 30; speed controller 31; launch comb 32; tooth combs run 33; fixed drive drum 34; Crown Wheel Drive Drum Fixed 35; movable drive wheels 36; movable lever spring 37; movable lever 38, recess 39 for interfacing with the
• FIG. 1 shows a structural and functional diagram of a watch mechanism according to the invention without a shutter, including a trigger, a drive, a frame lock means, an animation demonstration tool, a speed stabilization tool, a frame positioning tool.
• FIG. 2 shows a General view of the clock with a demonstration of the animation, which shows: case 1; dial 2; arrows 3; crown 4; image 5; frame window on dial 6; start button 7.
• FIG. 3 a disk 8 of an animation demonstration means is shown, on which images 5 are shown as separate frames 9.
• FIG. 4 shows a disk 8 of an animation demonstration means, made in an embodiment for means for fixing a frame with recesses 39 for interfacing with a switching means using the Maltese mechanism.
• FIG. 5 shows a disk 8 of an animation demonstration means made with means for fixing frames with recesses 39 for interfacing with a means of switching the Maltese mechanism, crank 11, the drive wheel of the Maltese mechanism 12, the Maltese cross 10.
• FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view of the disk of the animation demonstration means made with the means for fixing the frame, which shows: crank 11, a slot for the Maltese cross 13; recess 39 for interfacing with the Maltese mechanism; crank finger 14; locking cylindrical protrusion with a recess 15.
• FIG. 7 shows a disc with an embodiment of the animation demonstration means with the details of the frame fixation means showing the Maltese cross 10, a recess 39 for interfacing with the Maltese mechanism, a crank 11, a slot of the Maltese cross 13, a crank pin 14 and a locking cylindrical protrusion with a recess 15, where the Maltese cross and disk are interconnected by a gear transmission.
• FIG. 8 shows a mechanism, a view of the device according to the invention when the dial 2 is installed, which shows the dial 2 visible from the side of the dial 2, the image 5 in the frame window 6 and the start lever 16.
• FIG. 9 is a view of the mechanism from the side of the back cover (from the side of the drum wheels), which shows the clock mechanism 17, with a winding shaft 18, a drum wheel of a drive 19, fixing it with a dog of a drum wheel of a drive 20, a drum wheel of a clock mechanism 21, fixing it with a dog of a drum the wheels of the clock mechanism 22, the wheels of the angrenage 23 and the balance of the clock mechanism 24.
• FIG. 10 shows a view of the mechanism from the reverse side (from the side of the dial), with the dial removed and the animation demonstration tool dial removed, which shows the start lever 16, the tooth of the start lever 25, the spring of the start lever 26, the finger of the frame position fixing means 27, the drive drum 28, drive wheels 29, speed stabilizer wheels 30, speed controller 31.
• FIG. 1 shows a view of the mechanism with the dial removed, which shows the disk of the animation demonstration tool 8, crank 11, and clockwork 17.
• FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the mechanism, which shows a view of the mechanism when the dial with the animation demonstration tool is removed, which shows the start button 7, the mechanism 17, the finger of the position position fixing means 27, the drive wheels 29, the wheels of the speed stabilizer 30, the speed controller 31, the trigger comb 32, the tooth of the trigger comb 33, the drive drum fixed 34, the crown of the drive drum fixed 35, the movable drive wheels 36, the spring of the movable arm 37, the movable arm 38.
• FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the mechanism, which shows a view of the mechanism with the dial removed, which shows: the start button 7, the animation demonstration tool disk 8, the crank 11, and the clock mechanism 17.
• FIG. 14 shows a table clock according to the invention, comprising a case 1, a dial 2, an arrow 3, an image 5 and a frame window in a dial 6.
• FIG. 15 is a structural and functional diagram of a clock mechanism according to the invention, including kinematically coupled clock mechanism, trigger, drive, speed stabilization means, frame positioning means, frame fixing means, animation demonstration means, and a shutter.
• FIG. 16 shows a General view of the animation mechanism with the shutter, which shows: crank 11, the wheel of the speed stabilizer 30, the shutter 40, the shutter of the shutter 41, the intermediate wheel of the shutter 45, the wheel of the shutter 44, the drive wheel 29
• FIG. 18 shows another embodiment of the obturator device, where the obturator 40, the shutter of the obturator 41, the intermediate wheel of the obturator 45, the wheel of the obturator 44, mechanism 15.
• FIG. 19 shows another embodiment of the obturator, where the axis of rotation of the obturator is outside the dimensions of the disk, obturator 40, shutter shutter 41.
• FIG. 20 shows another embodiment of a device with a shutter using a crank mechanism, where 41 is a shutter shutter, a crank mechanism 46.
• FIG. 21 shows a general view of the clock with the shutter, where 41 is the shutter curtain shown in motion.
• FIG. 22 shows disk 8 on a mechanism where the numbers 42 used in games are plotted on image frames.
• FIG. 23 shows an embodiment of a disc 8 with numbers 42 printed on image frames.
• FIG. 24, 25 show options for the appearance of watches with gaming performance.
• the basic clockwork and hand system can be any type of clockwork and hand system.
• the launcher performs the function of starting the animation drive and can be implemented in various design options:
• the drive performs the function of transmitting energy and movement to the animation display means and may include an engine - an energy storage device and drive wheels designed to transmit energy of a certain strength and duration to the animation display means and the shutter.
• the frame fixation tool is mainly, but not necessarily, a jump mechanism and is designed to avoid blurring (blurring the borders) of the image on the image demonstration tool similar to using a similar effect in film projectors and movie cameras. This allows you to get a periodic spasmodic rotation of the disk means demonstration animation.
• the drive of the animation demonstrator is at rest for some time and then quickly moves to the position of the next frame, receiving energy from the drive and transmitting it to the animation demonstration tool.
• the animation demonstration tool is intended to demonstrate an animated (animated) image and consists of a stepwise rotating disk or cylinder with animated images drawn across equal distances in different phases of image movement, usually with a cyclic sequence of actions and animation demonstration tools, for example, in the form of a frame window on the dial or in the watch case, through which you can watch a moving image.
• a rotating disk or cylinder around the center or axis of which there is a series of images corresponding to frames of animation in different phases of image movement.
• the sequential movement of image frames allows you to get a moving image with clear boundaries of the contour and small image details.
• 25 continuous motion is optimal not less than 12 per second; otherwise, abrupt perception of image movement and visual blurring (blurring) of the boundaries and details of the image are possible, which is limited only by the convenience of observation and technological capabilities of manufacturing.
• speed stabilization is used to obtain the most uniform rotation of the disk of the animation demonstration tool, which allows reducing energy changes in the drive, and also with its help it is possible to adjust the speed of rotation of the disk and is a system of wheels with a speed controller, which can be performed, for example, as a trigger mechanism, a wind turbine, an inertial controller, etc.
• a speed controller which can be performed, for example, as a trigger mechanism, a wind turbine, an inertial controller, etc.
• the trigger mechanism as a speed regulator, it is possible to create an additional sound effect, such as motion of a film, and when using horse movement animation, clatter of hooves, etc.
• An additional, but not always mandatory means of positioning the frame is intended to fix the position of the frame in the inoperative position of the mechanism when it is at rest. It serves to ensure that at rest in the frame window there is a complete, integral image of the frame.
• the shutter provides overlapping images at the time of frame change. In the absence of a shutter, the so-called blurring of the image will occur, in addition, the image becomes less clear.
• a frequency of 48 Hz is typically used. This can be achieved by increasing the number of shutter blades, or rather by adding blank blades that additionally overlap the still image, which increases the flicker frequency above the physiological threshold of visibility.
• the color of the blade, or rather the portion of the blade overlapping the frame, is best done in black or white, but not color, since the color of the blade can give a hue to the image.
• the width of the blades of the shutter is selected based on the frequency of rotation of the disk, the number of frames, the number of blades of the disk and not less than the width of the frame.
• the obturator is made in the form of a rotating disk with shutters, mounted on the shaft, but it can also be made in the form of a shutter mechanism that closes the frame window or in a different form that performs the function of overlapping image frames at the time of switching.
• the obturator can be coupled to the drive mechanism and work with the drive wheel of the Maltese mechanism 12, or even be mounted on the axis of the crank 11, and also connected anywhere in the drive chain or speed stabilization means.
• the device according to the invention in general, is a clock mechanism with an additional system for demonstrating moving images - animation with a shutter.
• the invention is intended to demonstrate clear moving images and is illustrated by the example of animation in the frame window 6 on the dial for 2 hours.
• an animation demonstration tool rotates under the dial, in this case, the disk 8.
• the disk Around the center of the disk is a series of images corresponding to the frames of the animation.
• the disk is divided into identical sectors - frames in which individual images of 5 are applied in various poses.
• Images are made on the basis of the phoenicistiscop, motion picture and animation, that is, when shown sequentially in the frame window 6, a moving image consisting of separate frames is reproduced.As a rule, the movement of the images is applied in a closed loop, so that when the disk makes several revolutions, an illusion of a moving image is created.
• the frame window and the disk in this case constitute a means of demonstrating the animation (Fig. 3, 8).
• a frame fixing means is used (Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7) - a mechanism of intermittent movement, the so-called jump mechanism. Thanks to him, frame 9 during projection is at rest for some time, and only then the disk 8 quickly rotates through an angle equal to 360 / number of frames. This allows the human eye to capture a clear moving image, rather than a blurry (blurry) picture.
• the Maltese mechanism consisting of a Maltese cross 10 with a slot of the Maltese cross 13, made with the possibility of pairing with the disk 8, the crank 11, with the cylindrical protrusion 15 rigidly placed on it and the crank finger 14.
• the drive may consist of a drum wheel of the drum of the drive 19, the drum of the drive 28, the wheels of the drive 29.
• the trigger may consist of a button 7, a trigger 16, a spring of the trigger 26.
• the means of stabilization of speed (Fig. 10) consists of wheels
• the frame positioning means may consist of a finger 27 and a lever 16 with a tooth 25.
• the tooth 25 prevents the rotation of the finger 27. And stops it in one position, which is synchronized with the resting position of the frame fixation means, so that the whole image is in the frame window 6.
• Pairing with the clockwork can be carried out by various combinations
• the animation mechanism can be connected and not connected directly with the functional elements of the clock mechanism.
• the animation demonstration tool can be located both on the side of the dial, at the back, as well as on the side of the watch,
• the frame positioning means (Fig. 1, 10) in the idle position performs the functions of positioning the frame relative to the animation demonstration means (frame window) in the idle position of the device, i.e. when it is turned off or at rest, it serves to ensure that at rest in the frame window there is a complete, whole picture of the frame.
• the positioning means of the frame can be made in the form of a finger 27, and a lever 16 with a tooth 25.
• the tooth 25 prevents the rotation of the finger 27. And stops it in one position, which is synchronized with the rest position of the frame fixation means, so that in the frame window 6 was a solid image. It can be interfaced with a trigger, a drive, and a frame lock.
• An animation device may be functionally unrelated to the watch mechanism, but connected in detail, for example, located in one case, attached to the base clock mechanism and located under one watch face.
• the warhead of the mechanism can be connected to the animation mechanism and activate the animation mechanism.
• the warhead of the alarm mechanism may trigger an animation mechanism with a shutter.
• the animation is played, when the device stops, we see a separate frame in the frame window and in addition to the image, we see, for example, a number that can “tell” the number of the horse that won the race.
• Game numbers or symbols can be displayed both in the frame window and have a separate window, for example, for playing dice, the image of the cube can be in a square window on the dial, etc. Since the time the disk stops and the frame on which the disk stops is almost impossible to guess, therefore, the frames animations, as well as an animation disc, can also be used for game performance as a mechanical generator of random combinations.
• 5 are made both in digital and symbolic performance, for example, in the form of dice (points on the plane of the game cube with the number of points from 1 to 6, as well as in the form of playing cards, etc.)

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• 2012
  • 2012-06-15 RU RU2012124721/28A patent/RU2502110C1/ru active
• 2013
  • 2013-04-19 WO PCT/RU2013/000339 patent/WO2013187798A1/fr not_active Ceased

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