WO2014121861A2 - Procede d'utilisation et dispositif de nettoyage d'aimants permanents - Google Patents

Procede d'utilisation et dispositif de nettoyage d'aimants permanents Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014121861A2
WO2014121861A2 PCT/EP2013/074136 EP2013074136W WO2014121861A2 WO 2014121861 A2 WO2014121861 A2 WO 2014121861A2 EP 2013074136 W EP2013074136 W EP 2013074136W WO 2014121861 A2 WO2014121861 A2 WO 2014121861A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
permanent magnets
abrasive
container
cleaning
permanent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2013/074136
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2014121861A3 (fr
Inventor
Gabriele Hörnig
Jens-Oliver Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of WO2014121861A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014121861A2/fr
Publication of WO2014121861A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014121861A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/102—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration with means for agitating the liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
    • H02K15/03—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/50—Disassembling, repairing or modifying dynamo-electric machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the use of permanent magnets, in which the entnomme from an assembly NEN permanent magnets are treated. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for cleaning removed from a sammenbau to permanent magnet.
  • Permanent magnets contain important raw materials such as ⁇ rare earth metals (neodymium, praseodymium, dysprosium). There are therefore efforts to provide permanent magnets, such as those used in devices such as electric motors, for further use. Namely, as electric motors disposed of as scrap steel, the ent ⁇ preserved valuable resources are lost.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method and a device of the type mentioned at the beginning which simplifies the use of permanent magnets removed from an assembly.
  • the inventive method for cleaning the permanent magnets are the same beauf beat ⁇ with an abrasive. This is based on the realization that it simplifies the groove ⁇ wetting of samples taken from a permanent magnet assembly, when to be removed by cleaning the permanent magnets contaminants such as glue residues of these.
  • the presented cleaning method has the advantage that edges of the permanent magnets are not abraded and rounded. Rather, only adhesive residues and the like soils are removed from the permanent magnets, and the metallic material of the permanent magnets is not attacked. Also hardly arise grinding residues and at most a negligible loss of material.
  • the Ver ⁇ drive is also very gentle, so the group consisting of a ver ⁇ tively brittle material permanent magnets are produced by applying the same with the
  • a large number of permanent magnets can be processed at once.
  • permanent magnets can be cleaned of residues.
  • no water or solvent needs to be added to effect the cleaning of the permanent magnets.
  • the risk of water or the like caused by oxi- dation of the metallic material of the permanent magnets can thus be particularly far sheet redu ⁇ at such a dry process.
  • a cleaning of the permanent magnets can be achieved in a relatively short time.
  • the shape of the permanent magnets does not matter, and even fragments of permanent magnets having widely different geometries can be cleaned without any restriction.
  • the use of the cleaned permanent magnets can preferably be done by reusing the used permanent magnets in a new assembly, such as in a new electric motor.
  • a material or raw material recovery is preferable.
  • the material utilization of the required permanent magnets may be used in their use as a secondary raw material for producing a starting alloy for the production of new permanent magnets, for example in one Sintering are.
  • the metals contained in the permanent magnets, in particular rare earth metals, recovered so that they can be supplied for further use.
  • the abrasive is introduced together with the permanent magnets in a container and moved in the container relative to the per ⁇ manentmagneten.
  • the grains of the abrasive are particularly well with all sides of the permanent magnets in contact and there for the shedding of debris, particularly adhesive material residues ⁇ care.
  • no support for the permanent magnets needs to be used, as would be erforder ⁇ Lich to abrade all sides of the generally cuboid magnets by means of grinding wheels, abrasive belts or the like.
  • the abrasive may be used in particular in a Korngrö ⁇ SSE from 1 mm to 2 mm in this case to ensure that the adhesive residue and the like contaminants very thoroughly and at the same time gently Neten of the Permanentmag- be removed.
  • the movement of the abrasive relative to the Permanentmag ⁇ Neten can be effected by means of an at least partially disposed in the loading ratio ⁇ agitator.
  • Such an arrangement is particularly inexpensive when it comes to put the abrasive and the permanent magnets in a cleaning effecting relative movement.
  • the movement of the permanent magnets relative to the abrasive grains can be effected by moving the container.
  • the Be ⁇ container can be rotated and / or shaken to ensure a cleaning effecting contact of the abrasive grains with the permanent magnet.
  • the cleaning of the permanent magnets by moving the container itself is favorable.
  • the container is particularly flexible without existing for less than ⁇ Kunststoffliche amounts of container in the permanent magnet ⁇ different agitators or even different containers, each on the container voted off stirring devices need to be provided.
  • the abrasive and the permanent magnets to be cleaned are kept in motion by the stirring device and / or the proper movement of the container.
  • this can additionally or alternatively also be effected by introducing a fluidizing medium which sets a fluidized bed into the container.
  • a gas is used as Wirbelme- dium preferred for use, and both the grinding ⁇ grains as well as the permanent magnets are placed in the fluidized bed in a fluidized state.
  • a gas is used as Wirbelme- dium preferred for use, and both the grinding ⁇ grains as well as the permanent magnets are placed in the fluidized bed in a fluidized state.
  • Such a method is also beneficial for a particularly gentle cleaning of the permanent magnets.
  • the movement of the abrasive grains on the surfaces and edges of the permanent magnets at CLOSED ⁇ senem container is preferably carried out.
  • the container is therefore closed in a further advantageous embodiment, at least during the movement of the abrasive relative to the permanent magnets.
  • a ratio of a volume of the permanent magnets to the volume of the abrasive of 1: 1 to 1:10 is set.
  • a mixing ratio at which the volume of the abrasive at least the volume of the permanent magnets correspond in a particularly high degree for ge ⁇ ensures that all come into contact with the abrasive during the relative movement of the abrasive grains and permanent magnets to be cleaned surfaces of the permanent magnets.
  • a particularly extensive cleaning of the Perma ⁇ nentmagnete This is especially true when providing a mixing ratio of the permanent magnets to the abrasive of 1: 2 to 1: 5, in which at the same time the permanent magnets are treated very gently.
  • the demagnetization of the permanent magnets can be carried out in particular by heating them to a temperature above the Curie temperature. This heating, which leads to the demagnetization of the permanent magnets, namely, can then be used at the same time to solve the usually bonded together in the co ⁇ menbau with corresponding components permanent magnets.
  • heating a the permanent magnets is namely ⁇ decomposed in the assembly fixative adhesive least partially.
  • Such a method is less complicated than a possible mechanical de ⁇ assembly of the magnets from the assembly, for example, the electric motor, and a subsequent demagnetization of the permanent magnets by heating.
  • the heating to the temperature above the Curie temperature preferably takes place in air, since this is particularly low on ⁇ wandsarm. It has in fact been found that the use of an inert gas atmosphere, for example, the He ⁇ overheat in argon to the temperature above the Curie temperature, if necessary then is advantageous if the rare earth metals used in permanent magnets show a particular susceptibility to oxidation in air.
  • the abrasive used for cleaning them can be separated again from the permanent magnets. Then there is the abrasive available for reuse.
  • Such a separation of the permanent magnets of the abrasive can be made by simple size classification, for example by sieving insbeson ⁇ more complete.
  • silicon carbide is used as the abrasive.
  • Silicon carbide is characterized by its particularly high hardness.
  • edges of the permanent magnets remain virtually unchanged. The rounding of the edges of the abrasive, as it occurs, for example, in the cleaning of gemstones in sanding drums or polishing drums with abrasives, is therefore present not to worry.
  • the device according to the invention for cleaning permanent magnets removed from an assembly comprises a container in which the permanent magnets and an abrasive are arranged.
  • Wei ⁇ direct the device comprises means for moving the grinding ⁇ means relative to the permanent magnet. With such a device, the permanent magnets can be cleaned particularly easily and then be used for further use, in particular reuse or material treatment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a container with a stirrer for cleaning of a permanent magnet removed from an electric motor
  • FIG. 2 shows the container according to FIG. 1, in which an abrasive medium and the permanent magnets are moved relative to one another and thus the abrasive particles are applied to the permanent magnets for cleaning.
  • FIG. 1 shows a closed container 1, which is used to clean permanent magnets 2 (see FIG. 2). Originating from an assembly such as a (not shown) electric motor, permanent magnets 2 contain valuable raw materials such as Sel ⁇ earth metals. Therefore, it is desirable to supply the Permanentmag ⁇ designated 2 reuse after the electric motor has lost its functionality.
  • the disassembly of the permanent magnets 2 from the electric motor can be done by mechanical methods, or it can be the electric motor or the component of the electric motor, wel ⁇ che, the permanent magnets 2, heated to cause a self-release of the permanent magnets 2. Namely, the heat destroys the adhesive with which the permanent magnets 2 are attached to the component of the electric motor. Before ⁇ lying heating is to a temperature which is big ⁇ SSER than the Curie temperature of the permanent magnets 2, so ⁇ that the permanent magnets are demagnetized 2 prior to their introduction into the Be ⁇ container. 1
  • the demagnetization for example at a temperature of more than 350 ° C., takes place be ⁇ preferably in air or in an inert gas atmosphere.
  • the abrasive 8 and to be cleaned ⁇ the permanent magnets 2 are set in motion and kept in motion.
  • the movement is generated inter alia by means of the agitator 5, in that the agitating blade 7 is set in rotary motion by way of the shaft 4. This movement is illustrated in FIG. 2 by a movement arrow 9.
  • the container 1 itself can be set in motion, for example in a rotary shaking movement, which is illustrated schematically in FIG 2 by further movement ⁇ arrows.
  • the surfaces of the permanent magnets 2 are freed of adhesive residues and other impurities without the edges of the generally cuboid permanent magnets 2 ground and rounded who ⁇ .
  • the existing of a very brittle material permanent magnets 2 are not destroyed in this gentle and rapid cleaning.
  • the cleaning of the permanent magnets 2 requires only a comparatively short time, because they can usually be completed in less than two hours.
  • a volume of Schleifmit ⁇ set 8 is set in the container 1, which is greater than the volume of the permanent magnets to be cleaned 2. It is therefore preferably the abrasive 8 added in excess.
  • the cleaning of the permanent magnets 2 takes place in the abrasive covering these 8 without addition of water or solvent.
  • the risk of oxidizing the metals of the permanent magnets 2 re ⁇ shall be considered.
  • a solvent that can be added in principle, which can be beneficial for the removal of adhesive residue, does not need to be removed afterwards. The cleaning of the permanent magnets 2 is thus particularly low in effort.
  • a separation of the abrasive 8 from the permanent magnet 2 by size classification, for example by sieving.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'utilisation d'aimants permanents (2) qui consiste à traiter des aimants permanents (2) extraits d'un ensemble, notamment d'un moteur électrique. Le nettoyage consiste à soumettre les aimants permanents (2) à l'action d'un abrasif (8), ce qui a lieu de préférence dans un contenant (1) dans lequel les aimants permanents (2) sont mis en mouvement relativement à l'abrasif (8). On obtient ainsi un nettoyage rapide et non agressif des aimants permanents (2). L'invention concerne en outre un dispositif de nettoyage d'aimants permanents (2).
PCT/EP2013/074136 2013-02-06 2013-11-19 Procede d'utilisation et dispositif de nettoyage d'aimants permanents Ceased WO2014121861A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013201895.9A DE102013201895A1 (de) 2013-02-06 2013-02-06 Verfahren zum Nutzen und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Permamentmagneten
DE102013201895.9 2013-02-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014121861A2 true WO2014121861A2 (fr) 2014-08-14
WO2014121861A3 WO2014121861A3 (fr) 2015-02-19

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2013/074136 Ceased WO2014121861A2 (fr) 2013-02-06 2013-11-19 Procede d'utilisation et dispositif de nettoyage d'aimants permanents

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102013201895A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014121861A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106040656A (zh) * 2016-05-18 2016-10-26 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 一种外绝缘污秽取样布清洗装置
CN108722987B (zh) * 2018-05-29 2020-12-22 绍兴诚邦高新纤维科技有限公司 一种方便清洗的新能源汽车配件用清洗装置

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4375819A (en) * 1981-04-17 1983-03-08 Hurri-Kleen Corporation Apparatus for cleaning machinery parts and the like
US5593339A (en) * 1993-08-12 1997-01-14 Church & Dwight Co., Inc. Slurry cleaning process
DE19907735A1 (de) * 1999-02-23 2000-08-24 Bernd Federhen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Teilen
WO2003024665A1 (fr) * 2001-09-14 2003-03-27 Corus Aluminium Walzprodukte Gmbh Procede de decapage de morceaux de ferraille a revetement metallique
DE102005026409B4 (de) * 2005-06-08 2008-10-16 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Reinigung oder Bearbeitung eines Metallkörpers
DE102010042425A1 (de) * 2010-10-13 2012-04-19 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Reinigungs- und Passivierungslösung, Reinigungsverfahren und Verfahren zur Beareitung und Reinigung eines Magneten
JP5056959B2 (ja) * 2011-01-13 2012-10-24 三菱マテリアル株式会社 モータのリサイクル方法
DE102012015152A1 (de) * 2012-07-31 2013-01-24 Daimler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Demontage eines Permanentmagneten eines Rotorelements für eine elektrische Maschine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014121861A3 (fr) 2015-02-19
DE102013201895A1 (de) 2014-08-07

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