WO2014146858A1 - Diffuseur et turbomachine comportant le diffuseur - Google Patents

Diffuseur et turbomachine comportant le diffuseur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014146858A1
WO2014146858A1 PCT/EP2014/053440 EP2014053440W WO2014146858A1 WO 2014146858 A1 WO2014146858 A1 WO 2014146858A1 EP 2014053440 W EP2014053440 W EP 2014053440W WO 2014146858 A1 WO2014146858 A1 WO 2014146858A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diffuser
auxiliary fluid
channel
working fluid
housing wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2014/053440
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tilman Auf Dem Kampe
Stephan Mükusch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of WO2014146858A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014146858A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/141—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F01D5/142—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form of the blades of successive rotor or stator blade-rows
    • F01D5/143—Contour of the outer or inner working fluid flow path wall, i.e. shroud or hub contour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/684—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by fluid injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/60—Fluid transfer
    • F05D2260/601—Fluid transfer using an ejector or a jet pump

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diffuser and a flow ⁇ machine with the diffuser.
  • a turbomachine for example a gas turbine, has a turbine in which a working fluid is expanded to obtain rotational energy. Subsequently, the
  • the total pressure p t of the working fluid at the inlet to the diffuser is equal to the total pressure p t of
  • Losses occur in the flow in particular by a Rei ⁇ tion of the working fluid with the wall of the diffuser.
  • a boundary layer is formed in the area on the wall of the diffuser, in which the friction has an influence on the flow. Due to the friction, the speed is in the
  • the object of the invention is to provide a diffuser and a flow-machine to provide with the diffuser, said Ver ⁇ losses are low in the diffuser at a short length of the diffuser in the flow direction.
  • the diffuser according to the invention comprises a diffuser channel defining diffuser housing wall, which is shaped in such a way that the diffuser channel widens in the flow direction of the flowable in the diffuser channel working fluid, a one auxiliary fluid exhibiting auxiliary fluid reservoir and a one ⁇ suction means on which a Einsaugpassage that in the diffuser channel opens an orifice region and via which the auxiliary fluid from the auxiliary fluid reservoir of the working fluid in the diffuser channel is sucked, and a nozzle, by means of which the flow of the sucked from the auxiliary fluid reservoir in the diffuser channel auxiliary fluid can be directed so that it is immediately adjacent to the diffuser ⁇ wall in the flow direction and into the boundary layer of the working fluid at the diffuser housing wall can be introduced, where ⁇ in full load operation of the diffuser in the mouth region of the total pressure of the auxiliary fluid lower than the total pressure of the working fluid and the static pressure of the working fluid is lower than the total pressure of the auxiliary fluid.
  • the flow of the auxiliary ⁇ fluid is directed in the flow direction of the diffuser due to the high velocity of the working fluid in Volllastbe can ⁇ operating the working fluid suck the auxiliary fluid into the diffuser channel.
  • the auxiliary fluid is drawn into the diffuser channel immediately adjacent to the diffuser shell wall, it increases the mass flow at the diffuser housing wall.
  • the increased mass flow displaces the boundary layer, whereby a Strö ⁇ mung detachment is prevented on the diffuser housing wall.
  • the diffuser can be designed with a large opening angle and with a short length in the flow direction.
  • the auxiliary fluid can be provided, the total pressure of which is lower than the total pressure of the working fluid and thus particularly low-energy.
  • the flow of the auxiliary fluid drawn into the diffuser channel can preferably be directed with the distributor in such a way that it is parallel to the wall. As a result, the flow separation can be particularly effectively prevented.
  • the mouth region is preferably arranged in an inlet region of the diffuser.
  • the Speed is the working fluid in the inlet area of Dif ⁇ fusor greatest, so that the auxiliary fluid can be sucked particularly effectively and with a high mass flow in this area.
  • the auxiliary fluid with the large mass flow can thereby effectively prevent the boundary layer.
  • the Einsaugpassage is preferably a recirculation line, which opens into a diffuser in the housing downstream of the Mündungsbe ⁇ Reich disposed removal opening, so that the auxiliary fluid reservoir, the diffuser downstream of the mouth portion is.
  • the suction passage is preferably a feed line which opens into the environment of the diffuser, so that the auxiliary fluid reservoir is the environment.
  • the environment may be, for example, the atmosphere, wherein the total pressure of the auxiliary fluid is 1 bar.
  • a check member in particular a check valve and / or a non-return valve, is preferably provided in the supply line so that, in the partial load operation of the diffuser, when the static pressure of the working fluid is higher than the total pressure of the auxiliary fluid, the working fluid can escape is prevented from the diffuser via the supply line.
  • the diffuser housing wall has an outer wall, on which the Einsaug Porter is arranged and which limits the diffuser channel radially outward such that the diffuser channel widens in the flow direction.
  • the diffuser housing wall preferably has an inner wall on which the suction device is arranged and which delimits the diffuser channel radially in such a way that the diffuser channel widens in the flow direction.
  • the turbomachine according to the invention has the diffuser and a turbine, which is arranged upstream of the diffuser and is fluid-conductively connected to the turbine. Before the working fluid enters the diffuser, it can be expanded in the turbine to obtain rotational energy.
  • the auxiliary fluid is used with the lower total pressure than the total pressure of the working fluid, it is not erfor ⁇ sary, the auxiliary fluid machine of a compressor Strömungsma- or to remove the turbine.
  • the effect ⁇ degree of the turbomachine according to the invention is advantageously high.
  • Turbine housing wall of the turbine designed not narrow as possible, thereby increasing the mass flow and the speed of the working fluid on the outer wall of the diffuser.
  • a wider radial gap adversely decreases We ⁇ ciency of the turbo machine.
  • the radial gap of the turbomachine according to the invention can be made narrow, so that the efficiency of the Strö ⁇ tion machine is advantageously high.
  • the diffuser preferably has the inner wall of a
  • Rotor shaft of the turbomachine is formed, wherein the rotor shaft tapers in the flow direction.
  • the Einsaugpassage between the turbo binengepursma- at least partly formed gap is formed from ⁇ . It is conceivable to utilize a leakage between the turbine housing wall and the diffuser housing wall and to direct it in accordance with the invention with the diffuser.
  • the Einsaug ⁇ passage is preferably a machine over the circumference of Strömunsma- at least partly formed gap.
  • the turbomachine is a gas turbine. Alternatively, it is preferred that the turbomachine is a steam turbine.
  • Diffuser is taken from the turbomachine.
  • FIG. 1 has a Strö ⁇ mung machine a turbine 2 and a diffuser.
  • the Turbine 2 according to the figures 1 to 3 is guided in axial construction ⁇ and has a turbine housing forming turbine housing wall 5 and a rotor shaft 4, which is disposed within the turbine housing and is rotatable about a rotor axis 3.
  • a working fluid 21 flows with a main flow direction 14 in the turbine 2.
  • the main flow direction 14 there are alternately arranged rows of vanes 18 fixed to the turbine casing wall 5 and rotor blades 19 fixed to the rotor shaft 4.
  • Turbine housing wall 5 is a turbine outlet region 9 is settled on which the working fluid 21 flows from the turbine 2 ⁇ .
  • the diffuser 1 is formed by a diffuser housing wall 6, at whose upstream end in the main flow direction 14 a diffuser inlet region 8 is located, at which the working fluid 21 enters the diffuser 1.
  • the diffuser 1 is arranged in the main flow direction 14 downstream of the turbine 2.
  • the turbine outlet area 9 and the diffuser inlet area 8 are arranged directly adjacent to one another.
  • the turbine 2 and the diffuser 1 with an intermediate channel ver ⁇ are connected, so that the turbine outlet portion 9 and the diffuser inlet area 8 are arranged at a distance from each other.
  • the diffuser housing wall 6 delimits a diffuser channel 7, in which the working fluid 21 flows during operation of the turbomachine and which widens in the main flow direction 14.
  • the diffuser housing wall 6 has an outer wall which bounds the working fluid 21 radially on the outside and is in the form of a hollow truncated cone. Other forms of Outside wall are also conceivable, for example, the diffuser can be curved.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 show that the rotor shaft 4 extends into the diffuser 1 and tapers within the diffuser 1.
  • the rotor shaft 3 within the diffuser 1 forms an inner wall of the diffuser housing wall 6 and limits the working fluid 21 radially inward.
  • the downstream in the main flow direction 14 end of the rotor shaft 3 is disposed within the diffuser 1. However, it is also possible to provide the downstream end of the rotor shaft 3 upstream or downstream of the diffuser 1.
  • the intake device 10 includes a Einsaugpassage 11, via which the auxiliary fluid reservoir fluidly with the diffuser duct 7 ver ⁇ prevented.
  • the Einsaugpassage 11 opens into the diffuser channel
  • the suction device 10 furthermore has a diffuser 12, by means of which the auxiliary fluid 22 entering the diffuser channel 7 can be directed such that the auxiliary fluid 22 flows directly adjacent to the diffuser housing wall 6 and in the main flow direction 14.
  • the flow 13 of the auxiliary fluid 22 entering the diffuser channel 7 is parallel to the diffuser housing wall 6 immediately adjacent to the auxiliary fluid 22.
  • Working fluid 21 at the mouth region 24 is lower than the total pressure of the auxiliary fluid 22 in the auxiliary fluid reservoir.
  • the Einsaugpassage 11 extends to ⁇ least partially between the turbine housing wall 5 and the diffuser housing wall 6.
  • the guide apparatus 12 is in each case formed by a portion of the turbine housing wall 5 which is substantially parallel to the main flow direction fourteenth
  • the auxiliary fluid 22 can flow between the radial outer side of the section and the diffuser housing wall 6 and it ⁇ thereby maintains its flow direction 13. It is also possible that Einsaugpassage 11 in an opening in the
  • the diffuser could be in the form of a sheet out ⁇ leads, which is in the main flow direction 14 upstream end attached to the diffuser housing wall 6 and whose downstream end parallel to the Hauptströ ⁇ tion direction 14 and / or parallel to the diffuser housing wall 6 and formed free is.
  • the auxiliary fluid 22 flows in this case between the sheet and the diffuser housing wall 6 and thereby receives its flow direction thirteenth
  • the suction passage 11 is a recirculation line 16 whose end, which faces away from the mouth region 24, is a removal opening 15 introduced into the diffuser housing wall 6.
  • the removal ⁇ opening 15 is arranged in the main flow direction 14, downstream of the mouth portion 24, so that the Hilfsfluidreser- In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the diffuser 1 is in an area downstream of the mouth region 24.
  • the Einsaugpassage 11 is a pipe 17 whose end which is remote from the mouth portion 24, in the area 23 of the turbomachine Mün ⁇ det.
  • the auxiliary fluid reservoir in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 is thus the environment 23.
  • the supply line 17 has a non-return element, so that during partial load operation of the turbomachine, which is associated with the partial load operation of the diffuser 1 and thereby emerges ⁇ records that the static pressure of the working fluid at the mouth region 24 may be higher than the total pressure of the auxiliary fluid 22 at the mouth region 24, leakage of the working fluid 21 is prevented via the supply line 17.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un diffuseur comprenant une paroi (6) de boîtier de diffuseur délimitant un canal (7) de diffuseur qui est formé de manière que le canal (7) de diffuseur s'élargisse dans le sens d'écoulement (14) d'un fluide de travail (21) circulant dans le canal (7) de diffuseur, un réservoir comprenant un fluide auxiliaire (22) et un dispositif d'aspiration (10) qui présente un passage d'aspiration (11) qui débouche dans le canal (7) de diffuseur au niveau d'une zone d'embouchure (24) et par lequel le fluide auxiliaire (22) peut être aspiré du réservoir de fluide auxiliaire dans le canal (7) de diffuseur par le fluide de travail (21) et un appareil conducteur (12) au moyen duquel l'écoulement (13) du fluide auxiliaire (22) aspiré du réservoir de fluide auxiliaire dans le canal (7) de diffuseur peut être orienté de manière à pouvoir être introduit à proximité immédiate de la paroi (6) de boîtier de diffuseur dans le sens d'écoulement et dans la couche limite du fluide de travail (21) au niveau de la paroi (6) de boîtier de diffuseur, la pression totale du fluide auxiliaire (22) étant inférieure à la pression totale du fluide de travail (21) et la pression statique du fluide de travail (21) étant inférieure à la pression totale du fluide auxiliaire (22) dans la zone d'embouchure (24) en mode pleine charge du diffuseur (1).
PCT/EP2014/053440 2013-03-20 2014-02-21 Diffuseur et turbomachine comportant le diffuseur Ceased WO2014146858A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13160105.6A EP2781692A1 (fr) 2013-03-20 2013-03-20 Diffuseur et turbomachine dotée du diffuseur
EP13160105.6 2013-03-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014146858A1 true WO2014146858A1 (fr) 2014-09-25

Family

ID=47997071

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2014/053440 Ceased WO2014146858A1 (fr) 2013-03-20 2014-02-21 Diffuseur et turbomachine comportant le diffuseur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2781692A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014146858A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105673532A (zh) * 2016-01-28 2016-06-15 江苏大学 一种消除轴流风机小流量运行不稳定装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995010692A1 (fr) * 1993-10-15 1995-04-20 United Technologies Corporation Derivation active du flux aux extremites dans un passage de redresseur a aubes
US20040093871A1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2004-05-20 Burrus David Louis Combustor inlet diffuser with boundary layer blowing
EP1561909A1 (fr) * 2004-02-09 2005-08-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Diffuseur, turbomachine et procédé de récupération de pression dans une turbomachine
EP1780381A2 (fr) * 2005-10-25 2007-05-02 General Electric Company Conduit entre turbines avec fentes multiples pour utilisation dans un turbomoteur
EP2103811A2 (fr) * 2008-03-20 2009-09-23 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG Buse d'injection de fluide
EP2320028A2 (fr) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-11 General Electric Company Système de réduction de la séparation d'un flux de vapeur

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995010692A1 (fr) * 1993-10-15 1995-04-20 United Technologies Corporation Derivation active du flux aux extremites dans un passage de redresseur a aubes
US20040093871A1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2004-05-20 Burrus David Louis Combustor inlet diffuser with boundary layer blowing
EP1561909A1 (fr) * 2004-02-09 2005-08-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Diffuseur, turbomachine et procédé de récupération de pression dans une turbomachine
EP1780381A2 (fr) * 2005-10-25 2007-05-02 General Electric Company Conduit entre turbines avec fentes multiples pour utilisation dans un turbomoteur
EP2103811A2 (fr) * 2008-03-20 2009-09-23 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG Buse d'injection de fluide
EP2320028A2 (fr) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-11 General Electric Company Système de réduction de la séparation d'un flux de vapeur

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105673532A (zh) * 2016-01-28 2016-06-15 江苏大学 一种消除轴流风机小流量运行不稳定装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2781692A1 (fr) 2014-09-24

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