WO2015093524A1 - ポリエステル樹脂 - Google Patents
ポリエステル樹脂 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015093524A1 WO2015093524A1 PCT/JP2014/083396 JP2014083396W WO2015093524A1 WO 2015093524 A1 WO2015093524 A1 WO 2015093524A1 JP 2014083396 W JP2014083396 W JP 2014083396W WO 2015093524 A1 WO2015093524 A1 WO 2015093524A1
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- Prior art keywords
- polyester resin
- acid
- polyester
- reduced viscosity
- thermal oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G63/826—Metals not provided for in groups C08G63/83 - C08G63/86
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G63/84—Boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, rare-earth metals, or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G63/87—Non-metals or inter-compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/85—Protective back sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyester resin excellent in long-term heat resistance and moldability, and a film, sheet, and injection molded article using the same.
- the polyester resin excellent in heat resistance suitable for outdoor uses such as a solar cell backside sealing sheet, and a film, a sheet
- polyester resin gradually decreases due to degradation and degradation of the polyester resin.
- solar cell members and electrical insulation members are kept under high temperature and high humidity for a long period of time, how to suppress degradation and degradation of polyester resins used and films, sheets, and injection molded articles using the same. This is an important issue.
- the degradation degradation of the polyester resin under high temperature and high humidity can be considered by dividing into thermal degradation and hydrolysis.
- hydrolysis with water or water vapor is considered to proceed by the following reaction.
- the nucleophilic attack on the ester bond of the water molecule causes the polymer chain to break up due to the hydrolysis reaction of the ester bond, thereby forming a carboxyl end and a hydroxyl end, and then the generated end hydroxyl group causes back-biting.
- Polymer chain degradation continues.
- the terminal carboxyl group plays a catalytic role in the hydrolysis reaction of the polymer, and the hydrolysis is accelerated as the amount of the terminal carboxyl group increases.
- polyester resins having a small amount of terminal carboxyl groups have been proposed in order to suppress decomposition by heat, water, and water vapor (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Although the amount of terminal carboxyl groups was certainly reduced by such a technique, long-term decomposition suppression was insufficient by itself.
- One reason for this is that the molding temperature increases due to the high melting point of the polyester resin. That is, even if the hydrolysis rate is reduced by blocking the end of the polyester resin, a new carboxyl group is generated by the molecular chain being cut by the heat during molding. It cannot be suppressed.
- an invention was made to improve heat resistance by using a titanium compound and a phosphorus compound in combination (for example, see Patent Document 3). If this method is used, a certain improvement in the heat resistance of the polymer is certainly observed, but the decomposition reaction is also promoted due to the high polymerization activity of the titanium compound, so the level is not necessarily sufficient. . Furthermore, when a phosphorus compound is added in a certain amount or more, the polymerization activity of the titanium compound is lowered, and the target polymerization degree is not reached, the polymerization time is remarkably increased, and there is a problem that productivity is deteriorated. It has not yet achieved both polymerization activity and sufficient heat resistance.
- the present invention has been made against the background of the problems of the prior art. That is, the object of the present invention is to enable molding at a low temperature, suppress the formation of carboxyl groups by thermal decomposition, and further reduce the addition amount of a metal compound as a catalyst as much as possible while maintaining high polymerization activity. It is to obtain excellent long-term heat resistance.
- the present inventor senses that the residual metal element of the polyester affects thermal degradation and hydrolysis, and makes the amount of the residual metal element extremely low.
- the present invention has found the effect of exhibiting excellent long-term heat resistance for outdoor use such as solar cell back surface sealing, and has led to the present invention. That is, the configuration of the present invention is as follows.
- a polyester resin comprising a dicarboxylic acid component and a glycol component, comprising 10 mol% or more of furandicarboxylic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component and satisfying the following requirements (1) to (3): (1) The total metal element content is 150 ppm or less with respect to the mass of the polyester resin. (2) The phosphorus element content is 100 ppm or less with respect to the mass of the polyester resin.
- TOD ⁇ reduced viscosity is 0.030 dl / g or less
- TOD ⁇ reduced viscosity (reduced viscosity before thermal oxidation test)
- ⁇ reduced viscosity after thermal oxidation test
- the thermal oxidation test is a polyester resin that has been melted for 2 minutes at a temperature of the melting point of the polyester resin + 30 ° C. in air and then given a thermal history under the load (100 kgf / cm 2 ) for 1 minute at the same temperature
- the polyester resin of the present invention is excellent in long-term thermal stability. Therefore, it is useful as a constituent member for solar cell applications used outdoors.
- the polyester resin of the present invention contains a catalyst (metal element) in polyester and is a kind of composition, but the catalyst is expressed as “resin” because the amount of the catalyst is small.
- the polyester resin of the present invention is characterized in that the total metal element content is 150 ppm or less with respect to the mass of the polyester resin. When a lot of metals are contained in the polyester, the thermal decomposition reaction of the polyester is accelerated at a high temperature, which may cause thermal degradation of the polyester. Therefore, in the present invention, the content of the metal element is set to 150 ppm or less from the viewpoint of maintaining the long-term thermal stability of the polyester resin.
- the content of the metal element is preferably 100 ppm or less, more preferably 80 ppm or less, and further preferably 50 ppm or less. From the viewpoint of reducing the thermal deterioration of the polyester resin, the content of the metal element is preferably small. However, in order to promote the polymerization reaction during the production of the polyester, a transition metal or typical metal element is used as a catalyst within the concentration range. It is desirable to add. Therefore, the lower limit of the content of the metal element is preferably 1 ppm or more, more preferably 5 ppm or more, and further preferably 10 ppm or more. From the viewpoint of polyester productivity, it is desirable to select an appropriate catalyst type as described later in order to achieve sufficient catalytic activity while being within the above-mentioned content range.
- the polyester resin of the present invention is mainly composed of a dicarboxylic acid component and a glycol component, and is obtained by copolymerizing three or more functional components as necessary.
- a furan carboxylic acid component is copolymerized. While the furancarboxylic acid component has an aromatic ring structure, it has the effect of lowering the melting point of the resin by copolymerization, compared with terephthalic acid, which is often used as a raw material for polyester resins.
- the molding temperature it is necessary to set the molding temperature to be equal to or higher than the melting point of the resin, but since the molding temperature can be set low by copolymerization of flange carboxylic acid, the formation of carboxyl groups due to thermal decomposition is suppressed, which is good. Long-term thermal stability can be obtained.
- the three-dimensional structure of the polymer chain, etc., 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid is particularly preferable among the isomers.
- the copolymerization ratio of furandicarboxylic acid used in the polyester resin of the present invention is required to be 10 mol% or more, preferably 15 mol% or more, more preferably 20 mol% or more with respect to the total dicarboxylic acid component. More preferably, it is particularly preferably 50 mol% or more, and may be 100 mol%. If it is less than 10 mol%, there is almost no effect of lowering the melting point, which is not preferable.
- the dicarboxylic acid component other than furandicarboxylic acid used in the polyester resin of the present invention is not particularly limited, and is terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4′-dicarboxybiphenyl, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalate.
- Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as acids, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 2,5-norbornenedicarboxylic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, etc.
- aliphatic dicarboxylic acids when an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component is used, it is preferable to use an aromatic dicarboxylic acid because the melting point is further lowered and the heat resistance may be significantly lowered.
- terephthalic acid and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid are more preferable from the viewpoint of versatility and heat resistance.
- one type or two or more types can be copolymerized.
- the glycol component used in the polyester resin of the present invention is not particularly limited, but ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, , 4-butanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,10 -Aliphatic glycols such as decanediol, dimethylol tricyclodecane, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, bisphenol A, bisphenol S, bisphenol C, bisphenol Z, bisphenol AP, ethylene oxide adducts or propylene oxide of 4,4'-biphenol Adduct, 1,2-si B hexane dimethanol, 1,3-cyclohexane dimethanol, an alicyclic glycol such as 1,
- the polyester resin of the present invention can be copolymerized with a trifunctional or higher functional carboxylic acid or a trifunctional or higher functional alcohol component as necessary in order to enhance the functionality such as mechanical strength.
- the copolymerization ratio of the tri- or higher functional monomer is suitably about 0.2 to 5 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of all dicarboxylic acid components or 100 mol% of all glycol components. If the copolymerization ratio of the trifunctional or higher monomer is too low, the effect of copolymerization is not exhibited, and if the copolymerization ratio is too high, gelation may be a problem.
- Tri- or higher functional carboxylic acids include trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid, trimesic acid and other aromatic carboxylic acids, 1, 2, Examples include aliphatic carboxylic acids such as 3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid.
- Examples of the tri- or higher functional alcohol component include glycerol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, ⁇ -methylglucose, mannitol, and sorbitol.
- hydroxycarboxylic acids, lactones, monocarboxylic acids and monoalcohols may be used as copolymerization components in the polyester resin of the present invention.
- the copolymerization ratio of these copolymerization components is suitably about 5 mol% or less with respect to 100 mol% of all dicarboxylic acid components or 100 mol% of all glycol components.
- hydroxycarboxylic acids include p-hydroxybenzoic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, o-hydroxybenzoic acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-hydroxyiso Examples include butyric acid, 2-hydroxy-2-methylbutyric acid, 2-hydroxyvaleric acid, 3-hydroxyvaleric acid, 4-hydroxyvaleric acid, 5-hydroxyvaleric acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid, and 10-hydroxystearic acid.
- lactones include ⁇ -propiolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone, and the like.
- Examples of monocarboxylic acids include lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, benzoic acid, p-tert-butylbenzoic acid, cyclohexane acid, 4-hydroxyphenyl stearic acid.
- Examples of the monoalcohol such as acid include octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, 2-phenoxyethanol and the like.
- Polyester resin polymerization methods include a transesterification method using a diester carboxylic acid component and a glycol component as starting materials, and a direct esterification method using a dicarboxylic acid component and a glycol component as starting materials.
- a catalyst such as Zn, Ca, Mg, etc. is added at the time of transesterification in order to ensure productivity, so the concentration range may not be satisfied. Therefore, the direct esterification method is preferred as the polyester polymerization method in the present invention.
- oligomer physical properties before polycondensation are important. Specifically, it is preferable to carry out esterification without a catalyst, add a catalyst after esterification, homogenize by stirring, and then enter the polycondensation step at a stage where the oligomer acid value is 100 eq / ton or more. When the oligomer acid value is 100 eq / ton or more, in addition to the catalytic activity of the metal, the proton of the oligomer acts as a polycondensation catalyst to ensure productivity.
- the oligomer acid value is preferably 200 eq / ton or more, and more preferably 300 eq / ton or more. In terms of proton catalytic ability, the higher the oligomer acid value, the better. However, when the oligomer acid value exceeds 600 eq / ton, polymerization may not proceed due to poor esterification, and the molecular weight may not increase.
- the polymerization catalyst is preferably not a heavy metal from the viewpoint of environmental burden, and more preferably an aluminum compound from the viewpoint of polymerization activity and polyester physical properties.
- the aluminum compound a known aluminum compound can be used.
- aluminum compounds include carboxylates such as aluminum formate, aluminum acetate, basic aluminum acetate, aluminum propionate, and aluminum oxalate; inorganic acid salts such as aluminum chloride, aluminum hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide chloride; Aluminum methoxide, aluminum ethoxide, aluminum iso-propoxide, aluminum n-butoxide, aluminum t-butoxide and other aluminum alkoxides, aluminum acetylacetonate, aluminum acetylacetate, etc. Examples include organoaluminum compounds, partial hydrolysates thereof, and aluminum oxide.
- carboxylates, inorganic acid salts and chelate compounds are preferred, and among these, aluminum acetate, basic aluminum acetate, aluminum chloride, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide chloride and aluminum acetylacetonate are particularly preferred.
- the polymerization activity of the aluminum compound alone is low, and in order to ensure productivity, it is necessary to add 150 ppm or more with respect to all constituent units of the carboxylic acid component such as polyester dicarboxylic acid or polyvalent carboxylic acid. Therefore, in order to control the total metal element content to 150 ppm or less with respect to the polyester, it is preferable to add a phosphorus compound as a promoter for the purpose of increasing the polymerization activity.
- the concentration of the phosphorus compound to be used as the cocatalyst is preferably 100 ppm or less as the phosphorus element content with respect to the mass of the polyester resin.
- the phosphorus compound may be incorporated into the main chain of the polyester in the polyester polymerization reaction, and the durability of the polyester may be reduced.
- the phosphorus element content relative to the polyester is more preferably 95 ppm or less, and even more preferably 90 ppm or less.
- the phosphorus element content is preferably 1 ppm or more and more preferably 3 ppm or more for the purpose of increasing the polymerization activity.
- the kind and the addition amount of the preferable phosphorus compound which should be used in this invention are mentioned later, it displays as an addition amount with respect to all the structural units of a carboxylic acid component as the addition amount of a phosphorus compound in that case.
- the phosphorus compound used as the co-catalyst is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of phosphonic acid compounds and phosphinic acid compounds because the effect of improving the catalytic activity is great.
- the effect of improving the catalytic activity is particularly large and preferable.
- the phosphorus compound which has a phenol part in the same molecule from the point of improving the thermal oxidation stability of polyester is especially preferable.
- the polyester resin of the present invention is, as a phosphorus compound containing a phenol moiety used as a co-catalyst, specifically 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid ethyl, 3,5-di- methyl tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, isopropyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, phenyl 3,5-di-tert-4-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, 3, Octadecyl 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid, lithium [3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphone Acid ethyl], sodium [3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy Ethyl benzylphosphonate], sodium [3,5-di-
- diethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate commercially available as Irganox 1222 (manufactured by BASF)
- calcium bis [3, commercially available as Irganox 1425 commercially available as Irganox 1425 (manufactured by BASF)
- ethyl 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate particularly preferred is particularly preferred.
- the polyester of the present invention can also use titanium as a catalyst. Even when titanium is used as a catalyst, productivity can be secured with a small amount of addition, but titanium has high catalytic activity, so thermal oxidation degradation of polyester tends to occur under heating, and long-term thermal stability cannot be obtained. There is. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to use a catalyst species other than titanium as the polyester catalyst species.
- the polyester resin of the present invention can be suitably obtained by using the above-mentioned catalyst species, the total metal element amount relative to the polyester resin can be made 150 ppm or less. Therefore, the polyester resin of the present invention is excellent in thermal oxidation stability and can exhibit long-term thermal stability.
- the polyester resin of the present invention satisfies a TOD ⁇ reduced viscosity represented by the following formula, which is an index of thermal oxidation stability, of 0.030 dl / g or less.
- the thermal oxidation test is a method of freeze-pulverizing a polyester resin sample that has been melted for 2 minutes at a temperature of the melting point of the polyester resin + 30 ° C. in air and then given a thermal history for 1 minute under the load (100 kgf / cm 2 ). Then, after making powder of 100 mesh or less and vacuum-drying at 70 ° C. for 12 hours and 1 Torr or less, 0.3 g of this was weighed, put into a glass test tube, and heated in air at a temperature of 180 ° C. for 60 minutes. It is a test to do.
- the decomposition rate is not constant, and the decomposition proceeds at an accelerated rate as the TOD ⁇ reduced viscosity increases. If the TOD ⁇ reduced viscosity is 0.030 dl / g or less, it can be used outdoors, but preferably 0.025 dl / g or less, more preferably 0.020 dl / g or less, and the lower limit is 0. . A TOD ⁇ reduced viscosity of 0.020 dl / g or less is desirable because the progress of the decomposition rate is suppressed.
- the phosphorus compound preferably has a phenol moiety. This is because the phosphorus compound containing a phenol moiety has an effect of suppressing polyester degradation that is decomposed by a radical mechanism under oxygen. In order to enhance this function, it is more preferable that the phenol moiety has a hindered phenol skeleton that is sterically and electronically stabilized and expresses more radical trapping ability.
- the reduced viscosity of the polyester resin of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 dl / g. If it is less than 0.1 dl / g, the mechanical strength is remarkably lowered and it becomes practically difficult to use. If it exceeds 2.0 dl / g, the melt viscosity becomes high and the handling property becomes poor, and the polymerization time becomes long, which may adversely affect productivity. It is preferably 0.2 to 1.8 dl / g, more preferably 0.3 to 1.5 dl / g.
- a terminal blocking agent such as a carbodiimide compound, an oxazoline compound, or an epoxy compound is blended at an arbitrary ratio in order to block a carboxyl group that is generated when decomposition degradation occurs at high temperature and high humidity. May be.
- polyester resin of the present invention In order to make the polyester resin of the present invention higher performance, generally well known stabilizers, lubricants, mold release agents, plasticizers, flame retardants, flame retardant aids, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, Pigments, dyes, antistatic agents, conductivity-imparting agents, dispersants, compatibilizing agents, antibacterial agents, various fillers, and the like can be added alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polyester resin of the present invention can be formed into a film, a sheet, an injection-molded body or the like by a known molding method.
- TOD ⁇ reduced viscosity (reduced viscosity before thermal oxidation test) ⁇ (reduced viscosity after thermal oxidation test)
- polyester resin composition The composition and composition ratio of the polyester resin were determined by 1 H-NMR measurement (proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) at a resonance frequency of 400 MHz.
- Antimony trioxide was dissolved in an ethylene glycol solution to obtain an ethylene glycol solution of 14 g / l antimony trioxide.
- Germanium dioxide was dissolved in water to obtain an aqueous solution of 8 g / L germanium dioxide.
- TMPA Trimethyl phosphoric acid
- TBT Tetra-n-butoxytitanium
- Cobalt acetate was dissolved in ethylene glycol to obtain 20 g / l of an ethylene glycol solution of cobalt acetate.
- Example 1 A 2-liter stainless steel autoclave equipped with a stirrer was charged with 428.5 g (2.7 mol) of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 219.5 g (3.5 mol) of ethylene glycol. An esterification reaction was performed for 150 minutes under a pressure of 25 MPa to obtain an oligomer mixture. Thereafter, the prepared ethylene glycol solution of Irganox 1222 and the ethylene glycol mixed solution of aluminum compound are added so as to have a predetermined residual amount, and the temperature of the reaction system is gradually lowered while raising the temperature to 250 ° C. over 60 minutes. The polyester polycondensation reaction was further performed for 60 minutes at 250 ° C. and 13.3 Pa at 13.3 Pa (0.1 Torr).
- the resin under slight pressure is discharged into cold water in a strand form and rapidly cooled, then held in cold water for 20 seconds, and then cut to obtain a cylinder-shaped pellet having a length of about 3 mm and a diameter of about 2 mm. It was. The characteristics of this polyester pellet are shown in the table.
- polyester resins Examples 2 to 4 were produced by changing the kinds of raw materials and the mixing ratio. The composition, amount of residual metal, and physical properties of the obtained resin are shown in the table. These satisfied the range defined in the present invention and showed good thermal oxidation stability.
- Comparative Examples 1-6 According to the polymerization method of Example 1, polyester resin comparative examples 1 to 5 were produced by changing the kind of raw materials and the blending ratio. The composition, amount of residual metal, and physical properties of the obtained resin are shown in the table. Since Comparative Example 1 contains too much phosphorus compound, Comparative Examples 2 to 5 have too much residual metal, so the thermal oxidation stability is poor and the TOD ⁇ reduced viscosity is more than 0.030 dl / g. It can be seen that is an unsuitable resin.
- the polyester resin of the present invention is excellent in long-term thermal stability. Therefore, it is useful as a component for solar cell applications used outdoors and has a great industrial utility value.
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
(1)全金属元素含有量がポリエステル樹脂の質量に対して150ppm以下であること
(2)リン元素含有量がポリエステル樹脂の質量に対して100ppm以下であること
(3)下記式で表されるTODΔ還元粘度が0.030dl/g以下であること
(TODΔ還元粘度)=(熱酸化試験前の還元粘度)-(熱酸化試験後の還元粘度)
(ここで、熱酸化試験とは、空気下、ポリエステル樹脂の融点+30℃の温度で2分間溶融後、同温度で1分間、荷重(100kgf/cm2)下に置く熱履歴を与えたポリエステル樹脂試料を、空気下、180℃の温度で60分間加熱処理する試験である。)
[2]ポリエステル重合時の触媒が、アルミニウム化合物及びリン化合物である[1]に記載のポリエステル樹脂。
[3]融点が220℃以下である[1]~[2]のいずれかに記載のポリエステル樹脂。
[4][1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のポリエステル樹脂を用いたフィルム。
[5][1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のポリエステル樹脂を用いたシート。
[6][1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のポリエステル樹脂を用いた射出成形体。
(TODΔ還元粘度)=(熱酸化試験前の還元粘度)-(熱酸化試験後の還元粘度)
(ここで、熱酸化試験とは、空気下、ポリエステル樹脂の融点+30℃の温度で2分間溶融後、同温度で1分間、荷重(100kgf/cm2)下に置く熱履歴を与えたポリエステル樹脂試料を、空気下、180℃の温度で60分間加熱処理する試験である。)
熱酸化試験において、ポリエステル樹脂試料を凍結粉砕する前に、熱履歴を与える目的でポリエステル樹脂の融点+30℃の温度でヒートプレスシートを作製する必要がある。具体的には、1.0gのポリエステル樹脂を2枚のテフロン(登録商標)シートの間に挟み、さらにそれを2枚のステンレス板に挟んでヒートプレス機に設置し、ポリエステル樹脂の融点+30℃の温度で2分間溶融後、100kgf/cm2の荷重をかけ、1分後に水につけて急冷してサンプルを作製する。この熱履歴を与えたシートサンプルを凍結粉砕に用いる必要がある。
これは成形時の熱分解によるカルボキシル基の生成をモデル的に再現したものであり、フランジカルボン酸成分を含み、全金属元素含有量が少ない本発明のポリエステル樹脂は、このカルボキシル基の生成が効果的に抑制されるため、熱酸化試験における粘度低下を抑制することができる。
試料0.1gをパラクロロフェノール/テトラクロロエタン=6/4(質量比)混合溶媒25mlに溶解し、ウベローデ粘度管を用いて30℃で測定した。
まず、1.0gのポリエステル樹脂を2枚のテフロン(登録商標)シートの間に挟み、さらにそれを2枚のステンレス板に挟んでヒートプレス機に設置し、空気下、ポリエステル樹脂の融点+30℃の温度で2分間溶融後、100kgf/cm2の荷重をかけ、1分後に水につけて急冷してシートサンプルを作製した。
このようにして熱履歴を与えたポリエステル樹脂試料を凍結粉砕して、100メッシュ以下の粉末とし、70℃で12時間、1Torr以下で真空乾燥した。これを0.3g秤量し、ガラス試験管に入れ、空気下で、180℃、60分間加熱処理し、上記と同様の方法で還元粘度を測定し、以下の式からTODΔ還元粘度を算出した。
(TODΔ還元粘度)=(熱酸化試験前の還元粘度)-(熱酸化試験後の還元粘度)
ポリエステル樹脂5.0mgをDSC用のアルミパンに入れ、300℃まで加熱溶融した後、液体窒素で急冷した。そのように前処理したポリエステル樹脂を、(株)日立ハイテクサイエンス製の示差走査熱量分析計「X-DSC7000」を用いて測定した。20℃から300℃まで20℃/分で昇温して得られたサーモグラム曲線からの吸熱ピークを融点とした。
ポリエステル樹脂の組成及び組成比の決定は、共鳴周波数400MHzの1H-NMR測定(プロトン型核磁気共鳴分光測定)にて行った。測定装置はVARIAN社製、NMR装置・400-MRを用い、溶媒には重クロロホルム/トリフルオロ酢酸=85/15(質量比)を用いた。
リンは蛍光X線法により求めた。その他の金属は、ポリマーを灰化/酸溶解後、高周波プラズマ発光分析及び原子吸光分析により求めた。いずれも予め作成した検量線から、試料中の元素の量を定量した。
(Irganox1222のエチレングリコール溶液の調製)
窒素導入管、冷却管を備えたフラスコに、常温常圧下、エチレングリコール2.0リットルを加えた後、窒素雰囲気下200rpmで攪拌しながら、リン化合物としてIrganox1222(BASF社製)の200gを加えた。さらに2.0リットルのエチレングリコールを追加した後、ジャケット温度の設定を196℃に変更して昇温し、内温が185℃以上になった時点から60分間還流下で攪拌した。その後加熱を止め、直ちに溶液を熱源から取り去り、窒素雰囲気下を保ったまま、30分以内に120℃以下まで冷却した。
冷却管を備えたフラスコに、常温常圧下、純水5.0リットルを加えた後、200rpmで攪拌しながら、塩基性酢酸アルミニウム200gを純水とのスラリーとして加えた。さらに全体として10.0リットルとなるよう純水を追加して常温常圧で12時間攪拌した。その後、ジャケット温度の設定を100.5℃に変更して昇温し、内温が95℃以上になった時点から3時間還流下で攪拌した。攪拌を止め、室温まで放冷し水溶液を得た。
上記方法で得たアルミニウム化合物水溶液に等容量のエチレングリコールを加え、室温で30分間攪拌した後、内温80~90℃にコントロールし、徐々に減圧して、到達27hPaとして、数時間攪拌しながら系から水を留去し、20g/lのアルミニウム化合物のエチレングリコール溶液を得た。
三酸化アンチモンをエチレングリコール溶液に溶解し、14g/lの三酸化アンチモンのエチレングリコール溶液を得た。
二酸化ゲルマニウムを水に溶解し、8g/Lの二酸化ゲルマニウムの水溶液を得た。
トリメチルリン酸(TMPA)をエチレングリコール溶液に溶解し、20g/lのTMPAのエチレングリコール溶液を得た。
テトラ-n-ブトキシチタン(TBT)を1-ブタノールに溶解し、68g/lのTBTの1-ブタノール溶液を得た。
酢酸コバルトをエチレングリコールに溶解し、20g/lの酢酸コバルトのエチレングリコール溶液を得た。
攪拌機付き容量2リッターのステンレス製オートクレーブに2,5‐フランジカルボン酸428.5g(2.7モル)、エチレングリコール219.5g(3.5モル)を仕込み、220℃まで昇温しつつ、0.25MPaの加圧下で150分間エステル化反応を行い、オリゴマー混合物を得た。その後、調製したIrganox1222のエチレングリコール溶液、アルミニウム化合物のエチレングリコール混合溶液を所定の残存量になるように添加し、60分間かけて250℃まで昇温しつつ、反応系の圧力を徐々に下げて、13.3Pa(0.1Torr)として、さらに250℃、13.3Pa下でポリエステル重縮合反応を60分間行った。放圧に続き、微加圧下のレジンを冷水にストランド状に吐出して急冷し、その後20秒間冷水中で保持した後、カッティングして長さ約3mm、直径約2mmのシリンダー形状のペレットを得た。このポリエステルペレットの特性を表に示す。
実施例1の重合方法に準じて、但し、原料の種類と配合比率を変更して、ポリエステル樹脂実施例2~4を製造した。得られた樹脂の組成、残存金属量、物性は表に示した。これらは本願発明で規定した範囲を満たしており、良好な熱酸化安定性を示した。
実施例1の重合方法に準じて、但し、原料の種類と配合比率を変更して、ポリエステル樹脂比較例1~5を製造した。得られた樹脂の組成、残存金属量、物性は表に示した。比較例1はリン化合物配合量が多すぎるため、比較例2~5は残存金属量が多すぎるため、熱酸化安定性がそれぞれ悪くTODΔ還元粘度が0.030dl/g超であり、屋外用途としては適さない樹脂であることが分かる。また比較例6は、残存金属量は少ないが、融点の高さゆえ熱酸化試験前に行う熱処理温度が高いためにカルボキシル基が多く生成し、TODΔ還元粘度が0.030dl/g超となった。
Claims (6)
- ジカルボン酸成分とグリコール成分からなるポリエステル樹脂であって、ジカルボン酸成分としてフランジカルボン酸を10モル%以上含み、下記要件(1)~(3)を満たすポリエステル樹脂。
(1)全金属元素含有量がポリエステル樹脂の質量に対して150ppm以下であること
(2)リン元素含有量がポリエステル樹脂の質量に対して100ppm以下であること
(3)下記式で表されるTODΔ還元粘度が0.030dl/g以下であること
(TODΔ還元粘度)=(熱酸化試験前の還元粘度)-(熱酸化試験後の還元粘度)
(ここで、熱酸化試験とは、空気下、ポリエステル樹脂の融点+30℃の温度で2分間溶融後、同温度で1分間、荷重(100kgf/cm2)下に置く熱履歴を与えたポリエステル樹脂試料を、空気下、180℃の温度で60分間加熱処理する試験である。) - ポリエステル重合時の触媒が、アルミニウム化合物及びリン化合物である請求項1に記載のポリエステル樹脂。
- 融点が220℃以下である請求項1~2のいずれかに記載のポリエステル樹脂。
- 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のポリエステル樹脂を用いたフィルム。
- 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のポリエステル樹脂を用いたシート。
- 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のポリエステル樹脂を用いた射出成形体。
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| US11325363B2 (en) | 2017-03-01 | 2022-05-10 | Toyobo Co., Ltd. | Laminate including polyester film having furandicarboxylate unit and heat-sealable resin layer, and packaging bag |
| CN108285529B (zh) * | 2018-01-29 | 2020-05-12 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种可促进植物生长的生物降解薄膜的制备方法 |
| CN108285529A (zh) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-17 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种可促进植物生长的生物降解薄膜的制备方法 |
| WO2021172215A1 (ja) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-09-02 | 東洋紡株式会社 | ポリエステルの製造方法および当該方法で製造されたポリエステル |
| JP2024500958A (ja) * | 2020-12-23 | 2024-01-10 | フラニックス・テクノロジーズ・ベーフェー | 2,5-フランジカルボキシレート単位を含むポリエステルの製造方法 |
| WO2023132368A1 (ja) * | 2022-01-06 | 2023-07-13 | 東洋紡株式会社 | 共重合ポリエステル樹脂 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20160319066A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
| EP3085723A1 (en) | 2016-10-26 |
| JPWO2015093524A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
| JP5928655B2 (ja) | 2016-06-01 |
| PT3085723T (pt) | 2022-02-21 |
| KR102218228B1 (ko) | 2021-02-22 |
| CN105849152A (zh) | 2016-08-10 |
| EP3085723B1 (en) | 2022-02-02 |
| ES2907552T3 (es) | 2022-04-25 |
| DK3085723T3 (da) | 2022-04-19 |
| CN105849152B (zh) | 2018-11-13 |
| KR20160101971A (ko) | 2016-08-26 |
| EP3085723A4 (en) | 2017-08-16 |
| US9850342B2 (en) | 2017-12-26 |
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