WO2015114191A1 - Mécanisme de transmission pour optimiser le changement de vitesses des bicyclettes - Google Patents

Mécanisme de transmission pour optimiser le changement de vitesses des bicyclettes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015114191A1
WO2015114191A1 PCT/ES2015/070051 ES2015070051W WO2015114191A1 WO 2015114191 A1 WO2015114191 A1 WO 2015114191A1 ES 2015070051 W ES2015070051 W ES 2015070051W WO 2015114191 A1 WO2015114191 A1 WO 2015114191A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission mechanism
bicycles
change
bottom bracket
optimize
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2015/070051
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Juan Carlos PARENTE LÓPEZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES201430114A external-priority patent/ES2460816B1/es
Priority claimed from ES201530045A external-priority patent/ES2580013B1/es
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2015114191A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015114191A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M3/00—Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot
    • B62M3/003—Combination of crank axles and bearings housed in the bottom bracket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/10—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles involving devices which enable the mechanical storing and releasing of energy occasionally, e.g. arrangement of flywheels
    • B62M1/105—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles involving devices which enable the mechanical storing and releasing of energy occasionally, e.g. arrangement of flywheels using elastic elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F16D41/24—Freewheels or freewheel clutches specially adapted for cycles
    • F16D41/30—Freewheels or freewheel clutches specially adapted for cycles with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like

Definitions

  • the invention refers to a transmission mechanism to optimize the change of gears in bicycles, which provides a series of innovative structural and constitutive characteristics, which will be described in detail below and which represent a remarkable novelty within its field of application.
  • the object of the invention focuses on a mechanism or transmission system for bicycles, encompassing said term in this description, in addition to a bicycle as such, also any other human-powered pedal vehicle such as tricycles, quadricycles, or others, and that, being said mechanism the one destined to convert the speed and the pair through transmission relations of which, in addition, incorporates a change of gears to vary at will the development of the same, presents the particularity that , the group of sprockets, instead of being free as is conventional, are fixed sprocket, that is, integral to the rear wheel axle, while the plate or serrated plates that moved by the pedals drive the transmission chain are free and they can rotate freely in the central axis that joins the cranks of the pedals in one direction and be engaged in the opposite direction, when pedaling forward, advantageously allowing
  • the gearshift can be activated at any time while the bicycle is in motion, regardless of whether the driver is pedaling or not, so it can be said that the driving possibilities of said gearshift are optimized.
  • said mechanism has a freewheel system that is incorporated in the bottom bracket to ensure the described possibility of free rotation in one direction and engages in the opposite of the plate or serrated plates, said freewheel being specifically designed to present a minimum thickness and allow the free rotation of the plate without hardly any friction, and said bottom bracket with its connecting rods designed to allow easy assembly and disassembly of the free pinion, all of which contributes to making feasible and optimal the realization of this type of mechanism of transmission.
  • the field of application of the present invention falls within the sector of the industry dedicated to the manufacture of bicycles and similar vehicles of human traction with pedals, particularly focusing on the field of transmission systems of said vehicles and, consequently, on the manufacture of the different elements that integrate them.
  • generally bicycles and similar pedal vehicles that have a transmission ratio mechanism, comprise pedals on which the cyclist acts with his legs and that are attached to connecting rods mounted on both sides of an axle on which at least one toothed plate is incorporated that drives, by means of a transmission chain, a freewheel system that, in turn, drives the rear wheel.
  • the mechanism contemplates a change of gears that, being able to present different configurations or operating systems, in general is operated through derailleurs moved by a cable that the driver controls from pins or similar device located on the handlebar, there being one to change the position of the chain in the sprocket system and another to change the position of the chain in the plate, if there is more than one.
  • the bicycles with gearshift have up to three serrated plates of three different sizes on the crankshaft and, therefore, with different number of teeth where the chain engages, and multiple sprockets on the rear wheel axle, each consisting of one in a toothed crown with different number of teeth, being placed in descending order from the largest in the inner part to the smallest in the outermost part.
  • this configuration presents a series of limitations for driving, since to be able to change gears, and therefore, to be able to pass the chain from one sprocket to the next or from one plate to another, it is essential that the chain is in movement and, for this, since the plates are integral with the axis of the cranks where the pedals are located, it is necessary that the driver is moving the pedals.
  • This need in certain circumstances, may not be easy to carry out, for example in a descent when a very short relationship is still applied that was applied to rise, for example in a closed curve that causes the pedal at the end of the connecting rod rubbing with the ground for example because you have to be aware of balance control at a given time, etc.
  • the described conventional arrangement of the freewheel system also supposes another important drawback in the field of bicycle manufacturing, on the one hand, as it constitutes a complex element that greatly increases its manufacturing cost and, on the other hand , because when specifying the corresponding spaces for the hooks of each of the pinions, it is necessary to occupy a space on only one of the sides of the wheel axle that makes the number of said pinions thong to be always limited at most to eleven, because otherwise the balance of the whole is varied compromised.
  • the objective of the present invention is therefore to provide the market with a new type of transmission system for bicycles with gearshift that allows avoiding such inconveniences in a practical, economical and simple way,
  • a second objective of the present invention is, at the same time, to develop a novel freewheel system whose structural configuration is specifically designed to be applicable to said transmission mechanism and have a minimum thickness so that, when coupled to the bottom bracket the rod ends that the connecting rods, this element does not suppose the loss of the Q factor but, at the same time, allows to include in its interior the sufficient number of bearings to provide the ease of free rotation necessary to optimize the operation of the transmission mechanism with plate of free rotation, avoiding to the maximum the existence of frictions that hinder the smoothness of said rotation and whose consequence is a bad functionality of the system.
  • the Q factor is the distance between the legs when pedaling and, therefore, has great relevance in the biomechanics, health and performance of the cyclist.
  • manufacturers of bicycle components call the maximum distance between the centers of the connecting rods factor Q, or in other words, the distance between the external faces of both connecting rods, just at the point where the pedals are screwed. This distance is not exactly the distance of our legs when pedaling, so it is called the maximum Q Factor. Knowing the maximum Q Factor of a connecting rod, you can calculate the minimum Q factor that is the distance between the tip and tip of both pedals. Once the pedal is bolted to the connecting rod, the distance between the external face of the connecting rod and the external part of the pedal must be added to calculate said minimum Q factor.
  • Bicycles in general, can have bottom brackets between 68 and 93 mm, and the Q factor between 158 and 170 mm, recommended measures, and to be able to include the freewheel system within these parameters it is necessary to design a sprocket system free as narrow as possible between 10-12 mm without losing mechanical resistance.
  • the present invention it is intended to perfect said freewheel to allow free rotation of the plate without hardly any friction, by incorporating an appropriate set of bearings therein, since otherwise the transmission mechanism would not work correctly and its real application to be used on a bicycle, especially in the case of racing bicycles, MTB etc. It would not be feasible.
  • another of the technical problems that the free pinion of this certificate intends to solve is the volume, in terms of its thickness, which it occupies when it is coupled to the bottom bracket, so as not to affect the Q factor and since the material must have the sufficient resistance to withstand the stress to which it is subjected and, in addition, it must incorporate sufficient bearings for its optimal operation.
  • the freewheel system is made up of several pieces coupled in parallel within an outer ring that, in turn, is fixed to the plate, and between which two rings are counted of bearing located on both sides of the gear crown, counting each bearing ring and said crown with a minimum width of between 10 to 12mm to provide them with the necessary strength to withstand the degree of effort they should perform, so that at add them the thickness of the ring will easily exceed 20mm.
  • This fact makes the system not optimal since the assembly with will achieve an adequate Q factor, the objective of the present invention being to improve the design of this type of freewheel systems to make it much narrower without losing rolling effectiveness.
  • the transmission mechanism to optimize the change of gears in bicycles that the invention proposes is configured as a remarkable novelty within its field of application, since according to its implementation and in a restrictive way, the aforementioned objectives are satisfactorily achieved , the characterizing details distinguishing it from what is already known, conveniently included in the final claims that accompany the present description.
  • what the invention proposes is a transmission system for a bicycle or other similar cycle that, either factory incorporated or subsequently incorporated after a mechanical transformation, unlike what is conventionally known, presents the innovative feature of counting, on the one hand, with a group or system of pinions in the rear wheel that, instead of free, are fixed and are incorporated to the axle of the same forming a solidarity piece, so that all of them always move with the wheel; and, on the other hand, with one, two or three serrated plates that are free-turning, that is, they are incorporated in the central axis that joins the cranks of the pedals so that they can freely rotate in one direction on said axis and be engaged in the opposite direction, so that, when you stop pedaling, the plates will continue to rotate if the wheel moves even if the cranks do not move, since the sprockets will rotate with the rear wheel and, in turn, the chain will follow moving, and when pedaling, the plates will engage in the ratchet of a freewheel system provided for this purpose
  • any of the deraille of the gearshift can be operated at any desired time, with the sole premise that the bicycle (and therefore the rear wheel) is moving, but without it being necessary be pedaling and moving the cranks and plates for it, because as it has explained, with this innovative transmission system, being the free-spinning plates, the chain will continue to move whenever the bicycle moves, regardless of whether it is pedaled or not.
  • the aforementioned freewheel system for coupling to the plate and the bottom bracket so that it turns free in one direction and engages in the opposite direction, when pedaling constitutes an element with hardly any friction when it turns free, which also occupies a minimum space on said bottom bracket so as not to lose the measures of factor Q or mechanical resistance.
  • said freewheel is configured from an annular housing no more than 12mm thick, in which they are fitted, housed internally and fixed by a cover, a toothed wheel and two pairs of bearing rings, in addition to the minus a gear trigger.
  • said gearwheel which is fitted tightly with a minimum tolerance between the housing and the cover that are joined together by several screws, is provided with two machined grooves as concentric circles on both sides of the same and externally to its hollow serrated center, through which the assembly is coupled to the bottom bracket.
  • both the housing and the cover also have two machining in the form of circular and concentric grooves with the same arrangement and dimensions as those of both sides of the wheel, so that they coincide with the three parts.
  • the carcass is a mechanized metal part that, externally, has radially disposed fins for fixing to the plate, but, in addition, and according to an optional but preferred feature of the invention, the central hollow of the carcass exposes the central area of the cogwheel that houses inside it being provided that it is fixed to the end of the bottom bracket, by means of a simple screw with a large tightening surface, which jointly holds the connecting rod and said cogwheel, with which its assembly and disassembly It is very fast, simple and safe.
  • At least one of the connecting rods preferably the right connecting rod that is next to the one the plate and the chain are coupled, unlike what is usual, it is independent of the bottom bracket, facilitating the aforementioned rapid removal of the freewheel thanks to the aforementioned clamping screw between connecting rod and axle, being a screw that has a large surface to help make the whole more rigid.
  • the main advantage of the system described is that it allows the transmission development to be modified, that is, to make a gear change, both with plate displacement and with pinion displacement, at the moment when the driver wants and not at the moment when it is possible as with the current systems, this being a very important circumstance to take into account, for example, when it comes to competition cycling, even more so if it comes to MTB cycling, since changing Marching at a time of difficulty balancing, slope, curve or all together can lead to losing important classification possibilities.
  • Figure number 1 Shows a side elevation view of a bicycle with gearshift to which an example of the transmission mechanism has been incorporated to optimize the change of bike rides, object of the invention.
  • Figure number 2. It shows an enlarged view of the transmission mechanism, according to the invention, which incorporates the bicycle shown in figure 1, showing in greater detail the main parts and elements it comprises and its characteristics.
  • Figure number 3. Shows a very schematic view in front elevation of an example of a group of pinions fixed to the axle of the rear wheel that contemplates the transmission mechanism of the invention.
  • Figure number 4. It shows a view, also very schematic, in side elevation of the example of a group of pinions fixed to the axis that contemplates the recommended mechanism, shown in the previous figure.
  • Figure number 5. Shows an elevation view of an example of a free plate coupled to the central axis of the connecting rods that contemplates the transmission mechanism of the invention.
  • Figures 6 and 7.- They show, respectively, an elevation view of the central part and of the disc that allow the free rotation of the serrated plates to the central axis that joins the cranks of the pedals, according to the example of the figure 5.
  • Figure number 8.- Shows a side elevation view of an example of the assembly that form the bottom bracket with the two connecting rods and an alternative example of a freewheel system that can be coupled to the mechanism of the invention, showing its general configuration and arrangement of each piece.
  • Figure 9 shows a front elevational view of the example of the freewheel system, according to the invention, shown in Figure 8, which has been shown with all its parts coupled and screwed.
  • Figures number 10 and 1 1 show two sectional views of the freewheel system shown in figure 9, according to section AA and section BB respectively, indicated in said figure 9, showing the configuration of the pieces that form it and their arrangement inside.
  • Figure number 12.- Shows an enlarged view of the detail C indicated in the section of figure 1 1, showing the circular and concentric grooves provided in the gearwheel, the casing and the freewheel cover, having included in this figure the bearings for which these grooves are designed.
  • Figure number 13. Shows a perspective and exploded view of the pinion system free, according to the mechanism of the invention, the general configuration of each of the pieces that form it being appreciated.
  • figure number 14 Shows a sectional view, according to a longitudinal section, of the set of bottom bracket, connecting rods and freewheel shown in figure 8, so that the coupling can be seen by means of screws with a large surface area between said elements.
  • the bicycle shown has a single serrated plate (7) and, therefore, with a gearshift (3) that only contemplates a shifting mechanism to vary the position of the chain ( 4) in the different toothed crowns (51) that make up the group of pinions, which, as indicated, have the particularity of being incorporated to the rear axle (1 1) of the rear wheel so that they rotate integral to it.
  • a gearshift (3) that only contemplates a shifting mechanism to vary the position of the chain ( 4) in the different toothed crowns (51) that make up the group of pinions, which, as indicated, have the particularity of being incorporated to the rear axle (1 1) of the rear wheel so that they rotate integral to it.
  • different possibilities are contemplated, either forming the same solidarity piece, each crown (51) being welded to the rear axle (1 1) or forming one or several independent pieces that are fixed to the rear axle (1 1) of the rear wheel (1 6) by threading.
  • said fixed incorporation allows the assembly to occupy less space than a free group or pinion system, therefore, it is possible to incorporate a larger number of crowns in the same space since the corresponding trigger system is dispensed with that meshes each of the crowns in conventional systems of freewheel
  • FIGS 3 and 4 in which a very schematic representation of the group of pinions (5) is shown in an example thereof with only four crowns (51), these simply consist of a serrated external edge disc , so that, in addition to occupying a minimum space at the end of the rear axle (1 1) to which they are jointly and severally attached, their manufacture is also much simpler and easier, as it lacks, as has been said, the internal trigger and gear system and, consequently, of lower economic cost.
  • the serrated plates (7) contemplated by the mechanism of the invention are coupled to the bottom bracket (8) by means of a central part (13) in whose center , in turn, an internal toothing (131) is contemplated in which several movable triggers (12) incorporated in equidistant points of the edges of a disc (14) integral with the bottom bracket (8) are engaged, said inner toothing being logically ( 131) and said triggers (12) arranged so that, only when pedaling forward, the gearing occurs and consequently the rotation of the plate (7) exerting traction on the chain (4), however allowing the free rotation of the plate ( 7) If you don't pedal.
  • Figure 6 shows more clearly the configuration of said central part (13) and in figure 7 that of the disc (14) incorporating the mobile triggers (12), the latter represented in a larger size to allow a better observation thereof.
  • the transmission mechanism (1) described contemplates the incorporation, in the central axis or bottom bracket (8) that joins the two connecting rods (9) of the pedals a freewheel (100) attachable to the plate (7) so that it can turn freely in one direction and be engaged in the opposite.
  • said freewheel (100) is configured from an annular piece in which a gear wheel (103) is contemplated, at least one trigger (12) actuated by a spring that engages in the gear of said gearwheel (103) and bearings (104), with the particularity that said annular part is a machined piece in the form of a housing (101) having a thickness (g) of between 10 to 12mm, and inside which, fixed by means of a cover (102), incorporates the gearwheel (103), the trigger (12) and two pairs of rings with multiple spherical bearings (104).
  • the housing (101) and the cover (102) which are connected together by several screws (105), the cogwheel (103) being centered between them so that the fixing does not affect its rotation and the toothed recess ( 106) presenting said wheel is centered on the housing hollow (101).
  • the cogwheel is provided with two grooves (107) machined as concentric circles on both sides thereof, which coincide with respective complementary grooves (107) provided on the inner face of the housing (101) and on the face inside the cover (102), to accommodate the said spherical bearings (104).
  • the housing is a mechanized metal part that, externally, has orified fins (108) located in radial arrangement for fixing to the plate by screwing.
  • the assembly of this freewheel (100) is fixed to the end of the bottom bracket (8) through the insertion of the toothed recess (106) of the toothed wheel (103) into a splined end (81) of said axis, having also provided that at least one of the connecting rods (9), which is coupled next to the plate (7), is independent of the bottom bracket (8) and is coupled to the splined end (81) thereof,
  • the freewheel (100) is secured by means of a screw or bolt with a large surface area (109) that threads into the threaded hole of said grooved end (81) of the bottom bracket (8), facilitating the quick assembly and disassembly of the pinion free (100), as well as the connecting rod (9).
  • the design of the groove of the aforementioned grooved ends (81) is consistent and complementary to the design of the teeth of the toothed recess (106) of the toothed wheel (103) where said end of the bottom bracket (8) fits.
  • the bottom bracket (8) is composed of a central rod (80), which constitutes the axis itself, at whose two ends respective couplings (82) are incorporated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un mécanisme de transmission pour optimiser le changement de vitesses des bicyclettes, dont le groupe de pignons (5) est fixe par rapport à l'axe arrière (11) et le plateau (7) ou les plateaux dentés de l'axe de pédalier (8) ont une rotation libre dans un sens et s'engrènent dans le sens contraire, au moyen d'un pignon libre (100) qui est configuré à partir d'une carcasse (101) annulaire d'épaisseur (g) comprise entre 10 à 12 mm, qui renferme, fixés au moyen d'un couvercle (102), la roue dentée (103), la détente (12) et deux paires d'anneaux avec des roulements multiples (104) sphériques. La roue dentée comprend des sillons respectifs (107) usinés pour former des cercles concentriques des deux côtés de celle-ci, qui coïncident avec les sillons respectifs (107) complémentaires de la face interne de la structure (101) et du couvercle (102), pour y loger les roulements (104) sphériques.
PCT/ES2015/070051 2014-01-30 2015-01-27 Mécanisme de transmission pour optimiser le changement de vitesses des bicyclettes Ceased WO2015114191A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201430114A ES2460816B1 (es) 2014-01-30 2014-01-30 Mecanismo de transmisión para optimizar el cambio de marchas en bicicletas
ESP201430114 2014-01-30
ESP201530045 2015-01-16
ES201530045A ES2580013B1 (es) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 PERFECCIONAMIENTOS EN EL OBJETO DE LA PATENTE NºP201430114 POR: MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015114191A1 true WO2015114191A1 (fr) 2015-08-06

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PCT/ES2015/070051 Ceased WO2015114191A1 (fr) 2014-01-30 2015-01-27 Mécanisme de transmission pour optimiser le changement de vitesses des bicyclettes

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2015114191A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE430027A (fr) *
GB744689A (en) * 1953-07-03 1956-02-15 Herbert Arthur Mayers Improvements in or relating to pedal cycles
FR2611642A1 (fr) * 1987-02-27 1988-09-09 Crepelle Claudine Pedalier pour cycle equipe d'une roue libre
FR2672865A1 (fr) * 1991-02-20 1992-08-21 Leroy Andre Pedalier a plateau fixe et a plateau monte sur roue libre avec pignon fixe arriere pour transmission de cycle.
US5426997A (en) * 1993-06-28 1995-06-27 Brion; Donald G. Bicycle chain drive assembly
US5704859A (en) * 1996-10-16 1998-01-06 National Science Council Of Republic Of China Type of the compact freewheel body for bicycles
FR2921630A1 (fr) * 2007-10-01 2009-04-03 Koxx Sarl Sarl Pedalier multi plateaux a roue libre integree
JP2011158024A (ja) * 2010-01-31 2011-08-18 Chosen Co Ltd 常閉式自転車ハブラチェット構造

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE430027A (fr) *
GB744689A (en) * 1953-07-03 1956-02-15 Herbert Arthur Mayers Improvements in or relating to pedal cycles
FR2611642A1 (fr) * 1987-02-27 1988-09-09 Crepelle Claudine Pedalier pour cycle equipe d'une roue libre
FR2672865A1 (fr) * 1991-02-20 1992-08-21 Leroy Andre Pedalier a plateau fixe et a plateau monte sur roue libre avec pignon fixe arriere pour transmission de cycle.
US5426997A (en) * 1993-06-28 1995-06-27 Brion; Donald G. Bicycle chain drive assembly
US5704859A (en) * 1996-10-16 1998-01-06 National Science Council Of Republic Of China Type of the compact freewheel body for bicycles
FR2921630A1 (fr) * 2007-10-01 2009-04-03 Koxx Sarl Sarl Pedalier multi plateaux a roue libre integree
JP2011158024A (ja) * 2010-01-31 2011-08-18 Chosen Co Ltd 常閉式自転車ハブラチェット構造

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