WO2016116647A1 - Système de conditionnement pour des bâtiments destinés à abriter des installations et procédé pour ledit système - Google Patents

Système de conditionnement pour des bâtiments destinés à abriter des installations et procédé pour ledit système Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016116647A1
WO2016116647A1 PCT/ES2016/070022 ES2016070022W WO2016116647A1 WO 2016116647 A1 WO2016116647 A1 WO 2016116647A1 ES 2016070022 W ES2016070022 W ES 2016070022W WO 2016116647 A1 WO2016116647 A1 WO 2016116647A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conditioning
intended
house
constructions
installations
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2016/070022
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Malgorzata Izabela Kucharska
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eneair Systems SL
Original Assignee
Eneair Systems SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eneair Systems SL filed Critical Eneair Systems SL
Publication of WO2016116647A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016116647A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/30—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/34—Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations on stationary objects or on stationary man-made structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/02—Roof ventilation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building conditioning system intended to house installations, and to a method for said system.
  • the facilities typically comprise telecommunication stations, and the construction is typically an envelope module containing said facilities.
  • the electronic installations included in these constructions have limited operating temperature regimes, the majority of electronic components not being able to exceed 55 degrees for example, which is a serious limitation especially in summer and especially in hot and / or very hot locations exposed to solar irradiation, or not being effective electric accumulators below temperate or moderately cold temperatures, which also means a limitation in height and especially in cold seasons, for example in the mountains, in winter very typically.
  • US2004071541 refers to a fan assembly that includes a main vertical axis wind turbine associated with a air extraction or air supply fan.
  • the main turbine is located above and is coaxially coupled with the fan.
  • the fan assembly may also include an auxiliary turbine to provide starting torque for starting the rotation of the main turbine.
  • the main turbine is typically a Darrieus or Giromill type turbine and the auxiliary turbine is typically a Savonius type turbine.
  • the fan assembly includes a rotation speed regulator to prevent damage to the turbine and / or fan in strong winds. It is used for the renewal of air in built spaces through ducts
  • the construction conditioning system for housing facilities of the invention has a constitution that addresses the technical problem posed, obviating the need to oversize autonomous energy supply equipment for facilities contained in the construction, and even being able to cooperate in the supply energy required for these facilities.
  • the system comprises: at least one ventilation outlet and at least one renewal air inlet - both applied to the construction - at least one ventilation flow impeller inside the construction from the renewal air inlet to the ventilation outlet, at least one generator, at least one wind turbine associated with the impeller and / or the generator, at least one impeller drive motor, at least selective couplings between the impeller, the generator, the turbine and the motor, at least one energy accumulator At least one air flow regulator, at least some conditioning conditions and accumulated energy level sensors and at least one adaptive control unit.
  • any impeller that produces a flow inside the building is understood any impeller that produces a flow inside the building, the impeller itself being able to be installed inside the building, at the entrance or exit of air or in general in any location that effectively produces an air flow through the interior of the building from the renewal air inlet to the ventilation outlet.
  • the conditioning of the indoor humidity and temperature conditions is carried out through the air flow generated between the renewal inlet and the ventilation outlet, with the peculiarity that, unlike the cold generation equipment currently used, the energy necessary for the generation of this air flow is much lower, and can also be generated by the system itself, mainly through the wind turbine when it is selectively coupled to the generator, being able to have generation supports, for example by plates photovoltaic
  • the surpluses of own production will be stored in favorable periods, for their use in periods of deficit in production, and this stored energy can also feed the equipment of the facilities contained in the construction.
  • engine-assisted ventilation it will be selectively coupled to the impeller and fed from the energy produced instantly and / or stored in the accumulator, to generate the flow of ventilation air,
  • the action of the external wind on the turbine itself may be sufficient for driving the impeller, the turbine being in such conditions selectively coupled to the impeller, alternatively or in addition to the selective coupling thereof to the generator as mentioned. in the previous paragraph.
  • the necessary ventilation flow is parameterized - depending on the conditions collected by the sensors of conditioning conditions and accumulated energy level - by the adaptive control unit, according to the method of the invention, to place the system at the working point suitable. To do this, it can act on the selective couplings between the impeller, the generator, the turbine and the engine, feed the engine, derive the energy produced to the generator, engine or indoor equipment, determine the air flow regulator opening and / or activate the electromechanical brake, the latter for example in conditions of strong outside wind.
  • the adaptive control unit is microprocessed, so that it comprises an intelligence of management of the operation of the system.
  • the method of the invention comprises the following steps:
  • the accumulator is partially discharged and sufficient wind is available for generation, a greater derivation of energy to the accumulator, penalizing ventilation but always maintaining the indoor temperature conditions below the upper value of the operating temperature range of the equipment.
  • the flow regulators of the air to reduce the resistance offered by the air flow to the impeller and its rotation speed would be adjusted accordingly, with the lowest possible energy expenditure for ventilation.
  • the working point can be placed at a lower temperature, but always within the mentioned range.
  • the internal conditions of both temperature and humidity can be regulated very efficiently, since the ventilation does not depend exclusively on the outside wind, and has regulation capabilities at the outlet and at the entrance of the ventilation air flow.
  • This regulation is also managed adaptively and intelligently by the control unit based on the wind, temperature and humidity parameters.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic exterior view of a construction for installations that implements the system of the invention; specifically it is a mobile phone station.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic sectional view of the construction shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3. Shows a variant of the assembly formed by the ventilation outlet, the turbine, the generator, the impeller, motor and brake arranged therein.
  • Figure 4. Shows another variant of the assembly formed by the ventilation outlet, the turbine, the generator, the impeller, the motor and the brake arranged therein.
  • the generator, motor and brake of electromagnetic type are integrated in a single electric machine.
  • FIG. 5 Shows a block diagram of the system control unit.
  • the building conditioning system (1) (2) intended to house Installations (75) of the invention comprise (see figs. 1 and 2): at least one ventilation outlet (3) applied to the construction (2); at least one inlet (4) of renewal air applied to the construction (2); at least one impeller (5) of a ventilation flow through the interior of the construction (2) from the inlet (4) of the renewal air to the ventilation outlet (3); at least one generator (6); at least one wind turbine (7) associated with the impeller (5) and / or the generator (6); at least one impeller drive motor (8)
  • the turbine (7) can be coupled to the impeller (5) and even to the generator (6) if there is sufficient wind power available, or only to be coupled to the generator (6) if it is not necessary to act on the impeller (5).
  • the previous couplings are made through a common shaft (70), so that the implementation of a fourth selective coupling (13) between the turbine (7) and the shaft (7) is also necessary. 70).
  • the interleaving of a multiplier / demultiplicator box, not shown, in the third selective coupling (12) is provided, so that the most suitable speed for the generator can be selected
  • the interleaving of a multiplier / demultiplier box not shown, in the second selective coupling (1 1), is provided so that the most suitable speed for the impeller (5) can be selected as a function of wind speed and the need for ventilation.
  • the impeller (5) is preferably arranged in at least one ventilation outlet (3), typically it is a chimney as seen in the embodiment example shown in the figures, working the system in depression. It could also be arranged in the input (4) or existing inputs, working the system in overpressure, or even simultaneously in the inputs (4) and outputs (3) deemed necessary.
  • the system (1) can be sized so that it is even capable of supplying the energy produced and / or stored by it to the equipment or facilities (75) contained in the construction (2).
  • the energy accumulator (14) has connections (76) for supplying said facilities (75).
  • the motor (8) can have speed variation by any known means (voltage adjustment, frequency variation, change of number of poles), so that its speed can be regulated as a first form of regulate the flow of indoor air.
  • Another second intended way of regulating this flow is through the air flow regulator (15), which in this example (see fig. 2) comprises automatic actuating flaps (15a) arranged in the renewal air inlets (4) , although they could also be arranged in the ventilation outlets (3) and / or both.
  • a second embodiment of the regulator would comprise step variators, not shown, of the impeller blades (5) and / or the turbine (7).
  • a third embodiment of the air flow regulator (15) could comprise a brake (18), preferably of an electromagnetic type, to slow down the impeller (5).
  • This brake can be implemented directly on the impeller, and / or indirectly on the turbine (7) and / or generator (6) in the system configurations where these last two elements are coupled to the impeller (5).
  • the brake (18) could be of the mechanical type, but if it is of the electromagnetic type it is allowed that the generator (6), motor (8) and brake (18) of the electromagnetic type can be integrated into a single electric machine as seen in Figure 4. In this case the first selective coupling (10) and the third selective coupling (12) coincide.
  • the described variants of speed regulation are not mutually exclusive, and may be coexisting in some variant embodiment of the invention.
  • the turbine (7) preferably comprises a giromill turbine, while it is envisioned that the generator (6) can comprise at least one controller (6a) of its excitation current, in order to accurately vary the energy produced regardless of the speed of rotation.
  • the generator comprises inductor coils for the generation of magnetic fields, which can be of independent excitation or self-excitation.
  • the levels of flow of the excitation current of the coils can be adjusted adaptively, both with respect to the weather conditions and with the consumption needs of the constructions destined to house facilities . This circumstance gives it a clear technical advantage over permanent magnet generators, through which the generated energy cannot be regulated.
  • the conditioning condition sensors ideally comprise indoor and / or outdoor temperature sensors (20), indoor and / or outdoor humidity sensors (21) and / or an outdoor anemometer (22).
  • the invention has provided that additionally at least one heating element (25) can be arranged inside the construction (2), to regulate the temperature and humidity in cold places and / or seasons and adapt to the optimum temperature of the Equipment and accumulators.
  • Said heating element (25) ideally comprises radiant plates with compensation of the power factor and intelligent regulation.
  • at least one support cooling element (26) inside the construction (2), which will come into operation if the air flow is unable to maintain the temperature within its upper margin.
  • This cooling element (26) preferably comprises an evaporator of an air conditioning unit whose external condenser (26a) can be seen in fig 1, and will require a much lower power (of the order of 1 KW) to the air conditioning equipment that is currently have (of the order of 3 KW).
  • the provision of photovoltaic panels (27) of support in generation, associated with the control unit (17) and the energy accumulator (14) and the motor (8), is provided so that its production can be, according to the needs, derived by the control unit towards the accumulator (14) or the engine (8).
  • the system (1) preferably comprises at least two batteries or accumulators (14) in parallel, which can operate in alternative charge and discharge, charging one and at the same time taking advantage of the previously charged electrical energy and stored in the other.
  • the photovoltaic panels (27) comprise at least one solar panel which can be of any of the fixed types (such as monocrystalline, polycrystalline or other known types) and / or flexible (such as organic, amorphous or other known types).
  • Another feature of the system of the invention includes the provision of protections against water ingress (28) in the ventilation outlets (3) and / or in the inlets (4) of renewal air, where it is anticipated that this incidence may occur, to prevent the entry of water.
  • at least one drain manifold (29) of incoming water may be provided at the ventilation outlets (3) and / or in the inlets (4) of the renewal air.
  • control unit (17) comprises at least one microcontroller (17a), an external communication interface (17b) and a memory (17c) for storage of operating and operating parameters. data obtained during operation.
  • the control unit (17) performs the readings of all operating parameters (temperatures, humidity, wind force and direction, solar activity, voltage at the battery terminals, etc., activates the elements system executives (actuators to handle the flow of charge between accumulator (14), generator (6) and photovoltaic panels (27), for opening regulation of air flow regulators (15), for the engine (8) of impeller (5), selective couplings (10, 1 1, 12, 13), brake (18), controller (6a) of generator excitation current (6), connection of heating elements (25) and / or coolers (26), etc., but also through the interface (17b) it can communicate with a centralized control, not shown, for control, configuration and fault detection.
  • the interface (17b) can be prepared to communicate with the centralized control. through the network itself supported by the installation is (75), since in this

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système (1) de conditionnement de bâtiments (2) destinés à abriter des installations (75), lequel système comprend: une sortie (3) de ventilation et une entrée (4) d'air de renouvellement créées dans le bâtiment (2); un organe d'entraînement (5) de ventilation; un générateur (6); une turbine (7) éolienne associée à l'organe d'entraînement (5) et/ou au générateur (6); un moteur (8) pour l'organe d'entraînement (5); des accouplements sélectifs (10, 11, 12, 13) entre l'organe d'entraînement (5), le générateur (6), la turbine (7) et le moteur (8); un accumulateur (14) d'énergie; un régulateur (15) du flux d'air; des capteurs (20, 21, 22) des conditions de conditionnement et du niveau d'énergie accumulée; et une unité de commande (17). Le procédé comprend la détermination d'un point de fonctionnement du système (1) en fonction des volumes d'écoulement nécessaires pour la ventilation, du niveau d'énergie disponible dans l'accumulateur (14) et de la possibilité de captation d'énergie.
PCT/ES2016/070022 2015-01-20 2016-01-19 Système de conditionnement pour des bâtiments destinés à abriter des installations et procédé pour ledit système Ceased WO2016116647A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201530067 2015-01-20
ES201530067A ES2580328B1 (es) 2015-01-20 2015-01-20 Sistema de acondicionamiento de construcciones destinadas a alojar instalaciones y metodo para dicho sistema

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016116647A1 true WO2016116647A1 (fr) 2016-07-28

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PCT/ES2016/070022 Ceased WO2016116647A1 (fr) 2015-01-20 2016-01-19 Système de conditionnement pour des bâtiments destinés à abriter des installations et procédé pour ledit système

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Country Link
ES (1) ES2580328B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016116647A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023108202A1 (fr) * 2021-12-14 2023-06-22 Iswirl Pty Ltd Ventilateur de toit à énergie solaire

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6302778B1 (en) * 1999-05-13 2001-10-16 Gabriel Andrews Turbine roof ventilator
WO2010085988A2 (fr) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Dewind, Inc. Eolienne à capacités lvrt
US8368240B1 (en) * 2008-11-24 2013-02-05 Bob Burkett Roof installed wind turbine vent and solar panel electric power generation system
US20140105743A1 (en) * 2009-11-05 2014-04-17 Clifford E. Bassett Conical fan assembly for use in a wind turbine for the generation of power
US8726586B1 (en) * 2012-01-04 2014-05-20 Kirk Russell Stevens Energy-efficient building structure having a dynamic thermal enclosure

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6302778B1 (en) * 1999-05-13 2001-10-16 Gabriel Andrews Turbine roof ventilator
US8368240B1 (en) * 2008-11-24 2013-02-05 Bob Burkett Roof installed wind turbine vent and solar panel electric power generation system
WO2010085988A2 (fr) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Dewind, Inc. Eolienne à capacités lvrt
US20140105743A1 (en) * 2009-11-05 2014-04-17 Clifford E. Bassett Conical fan assembly for use in a wind turbine for the generation of power
US8726586B1 (en) * 2012-01-04 2014-05-20 Kirk Russell Stevens Energy-efficient building structure having a dynamic thermal enclosure

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023108202A1 (fr) * 2021-12-14 2023-06-22 Iswirl Pty Ltd Ventilateur de toit à énergie solaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2580328A1 (es) 2016-08-23
ES2580328B1 (es) 2017-05-10

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