WO2016201471A2 - Procédé de production d'un gaz de propulsion pauvre en émissions - Google Patents

Procédé de production d'un gaz de propulsion pauvre en émissions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016201471A2
WO2016201471A2 PCT/AT2016/050198 AT2016050198W WO2016201471A2 WO 2016201471 A2 WO2016201471 A2 WO 2016201471A2 AT 2016050198 W AT2016050198 W AT 2016050198W WO 2016201471 A2 WO2016201471 A2 WO 2016201471A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
internal combustion
combustion engine
synthesis gas
low
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AT2016/050198
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2016201471A3 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Gruber
Günther WALL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Innio Jenbacher GmbH and Co OG
Original Assignee
GE Jenbacher GmbH and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GE Jenbacher GmbH and Co OHG filed Critical GE Jenbacher GmbH and Co OHG
Publication of WO2016201471A2 publication Critical patent/WO2016201471A2/fr
Publication of WO2016201471A3 publication Critical patent/WO2016201471A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide or air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
    • C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
    • C10K1/005—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • C10K3/02—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
    • C10K3/04—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content, e.g. water-gas shift [WGS]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
    • C01B2203/0475—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon dioxide

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a low-emission propellant gas, a low-emission propellant gas for an internal combustion engine and a method for operating an internal combustion engine.
  • the JP 2001 -152846 A has an internal combustion engine with a reformer to the object.
  • the methane contained in the fuel is converted with the aid of carbon dioxide and water to carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a reformer.
  • the carbon dioxide used comes from a C02 separator, which separates carbon dioxide from exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine. In the method described, carbon dioxide is thus separated from the exhaust gas and fed to the reforming device.
  • US 2010/001/8478 A1 shows an internal combustion engine with a reforming device and an exhaust gas recirculation.
  • the fuel is converted into a synthesis gas and then the synthesis gas is mixed with air.
  • a portion of the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine is additionally supplied to this gas mixture.
  • WO 2010/076967 A2 shows a device for reducing pollutant emissions from the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine.
  • the exhaust gas is passed through a reforming device, which converts the oxygen contained in the exhaust gas and the hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas into hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved method for producing a propellant gas.
  • a propellant gas and a method for operating an internal combustion engine should be specified.
  • the propellant gas is generated so that a fuel in a Gasification process or a reforming ierrind is converted into a synthesis gas and the synthesis gas thus produced is subjected to a shift process, whereby the proportion of the chemical energy of the synthesis gas, which is contained in hydrogen, is increased, wherein after the shift process contained in the synthesis gas C02 is deposited in a deposition process.
  • the inert portion of the propellant gas is thus formed mainly by nitrogen.
  • the synthesis gas can be produced by a reforming process or also by a gasification process.
  • An example of a gasification process is about wood gasification.
  • gasification means thermal decomposition of an energy carrier in essentially hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
  • the shift process takes place in such a way that at least 90%, preferably 95%, of the chemical energy of the synthesis gas is contained in hydrogen.
  • the separation of the CO2 from the synthesis gas is preferably carried out before an entry of the propellant gas into an internal combustion engine. It can be provided that the deposition process of CO2 takes place in such a way that the CO2 content in the synthesis gas is at most 10% by volume, preferably at most 5% by volume.
  • an exhaust gas emitted by the internal combustion engine is added to the gas mixture of propellant gas and air. By this exhaust gas recirculation at least a portion of the exhaust gases is returned to the engine and can be used to moderate the combustion.
  • nitrogen (N2) is separated from the exhaust gas and supplied to the engine as a moderator. In this particular case of exhaust gas recirculation, only the N 2 of the internal combustion engine contained in the exhaust gas is recirculated.
  • the CO2 concentration in the reformer gas before a CO2 separation is much higher than the CO2 concentration in a raw exhaust gas. Protection is also desired for a method of operating an internal combustion engine. Advantages of the invention are in particular:
  • the gas engine which is exempted from C02 and contains approximately 50% H2 gas, can achieve a very high power density and very high efficiency with a correspondingly high excess air and a minimum of pollutant emission without additional exhaust aftertreatment.
  • the separation of the C02 from the reformed gas compared to the separation from exhaust gas has the advantage that the CO 2 concentration is much higher than in the exhaust gas of the engine or conversely, the volume flow through the C02-precipitation device by a factor of 3-4 is lower. This allows a very cost-effective C02 separation. (In the sense of minimizing the reformed gas volume flow, the supply of exhaust gas into the reformer is kept as low as possible).
  • the combustion air ratio can be reduced to 1, 0, resulting in the benefits of higher exhaust gas temperature and greatly reduced exhaust gas flow. This promotes the change of charge and increases both the mechanical and the thermal efficiency of the engine.
  • a particular advantage of the arrangement according to the invention or of the method according to the invention is that the deposition of the carbon dioxide (CO2) on the synthesis gas, after the reforming réelles intimid and takes place before the entry of the fuel gas thus obtained in the internal combustion engine.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • the deposition of carbon dioxide takes place at a time of a high concentration of CO2.
  • the volume flows small and to keep the concentration high it is favorable to keep the volume flows small and to keep the concentration high.
  • an engine operation can be realized without exhaust aftertreatment with compliance with the following emission limits:
  • THC total hydrocarbons, i.e. unburned hydrocarbons
  • Fig. 1 is a simplified block diagram of an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram in another embodiment
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified block diagram of an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the internal combustion engine 1 is preceded by a reforming device 2, in which a fuel F, for example natural gas, in a reforming ierrind is converted into a synthesis gas.
  • a solid fuel F 'in a gasifier 5 may be converted to a synthesis gas.
  • the synthesis gas thus produced is subjected to a shift process in a shift reactor 4, whereby the proportion of the chemical energy of the synthesis gas, which is contained in hydrogen, is increased.
  • the synthesis gas contains even larger amounts of carbon monoxide.
  • the carbon monoxide is reacted with the supply of water vapor in carbon dioxide.
  • the now low carbon monoxide synthesis gas enters a CO 2 separator 3, where contained in the synthesis gas carbon dioxide (CO 2) is deposited in a deposition process.
  • the low-emission propellant T thus obtained is almost free of carbon dioxide.
  • the low-emission propellant T is mixed in a gas mixer 1 1 with air L and optionally with recirculated from the internal combustion engine 1 exhaust gas A and the internal combustion engine 1 fed.
  • the emitted from the internal combustion engine 1 exhaust gas A consists essentially of nitrogen (N2) and water vapor and is largely free of carbon dioxide (C02).
  • the recirculated exhaust gas A is used to moderate the combustion in the internal combustion engine 1.
  • the amount of recirculated exhaust gas A can be controlled or regulated.
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention in a further exemplary embodiment.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 has additional features which increase the efficiency of the arrangement and make further use of the material or energy flows involved.
  • the arrangement again shows a reforming device 2 for the production of synthesis gas from a fuel F via a reforming process.
  • the fuel F is supplied to a first heat exchanger HXgas and preheated in this embodiment according to this embodiment. It can be provided for further heating of the fuel F and a preheater 7a.
  • the preheated fuel F enters the reforming device 2.
  • the air L is preheated via a further heat exchanger HXair and, if appropriate via a preheater 7b, the reforming device 2 fed.
  • the synthesis gas generated in the reformer 2 via a reforming process enters the shift reactor 4. There, it is subjected to a shift process, whereby that portion of the chemical energy of the synthesis gas contained in hydrogen is increased.
  • the synthesis gas After emerging from the shift reactor 4, the synthesis gas enters the already mentioned heat exchangers HXgas and HXair, where it gives off heat to the fuel F or to the air L. In the further heat exchangers HX, HX2 and HX3, the synthesis gas can be further cooled and water (H20) separated.
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide contained in the synthesis gas is separated in a deposition process.
  • the low-emission propellant gas T thus obtained can either be temporarily stored in a memory 9 or fed directly to the internal combustion engine 1.
  • the low-emission propellant gas T air L and exhaust A is added.
  • another inert gas may be added.
  • the mixture of low-emission propellant gas T, air L and exhaust gas A is supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 for combustion.
  • waste heat Downstream of the internal combustion engine 1, waste heat can be supplied as heat H a use, for example, a municipal heat supply.
  • heat H a use, for example, a municipal heat supply.
  • the exhaust gas, a catalyst 10 are supplied.
  • incompletely burned species can be further oxidized.
  • heat H is withdrawn and can be fed to a 90/70 cycle.
  • a portion of the exhaust gas A can be passed through the exhaust gas recirculation 6 to the gas mixer 1 1. The rest can be given to the environment.
  • the exhaust gas A for cooling passes through a further heat exchanger HX5, in which in addition to the discharge of heat H and a separation of water H20.
  • This water can be disposed of. It is advantageous to supply a portion of the water to a steam generator 8, so close the flow of material. From the steam generator 8, the steam generated there is added to the fuel F and passed to the reforming device 2.
  • natural gas liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), diesel or methanol
  • LPG liquefied petroleum gas
  • methanol can be used as fuel F.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'un gaz propulseur (T) pauvre en émission qui est approprié pour faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne (1), en particulier un moteur à allumage commandé. Un combustible (F, F') est converti dans un processus de gazéification ou un processus de reformage en un gaz de synthèse et le gaz de synthèse ainsi produit est soumis à un processus de conversion par lequel la proportion d'énergie chimique du gaz de synthèse, qui est contenue dans l'hydrogène, est augmentée. Après le processus de conversion, le CO2 contenu dans le gaz de synthèse extrait dans un processus d'extraction. Un gaz d'échappement (A), émis par le moteur à combustion interne (1), est ajouté au mélange gazeux constitué de gaz de synthèse et d'air.
PCT/AT2016/050198 2015-06-15 2016-06-14 Procédé de production d'un gaz de propulsion pauvre en émissions Ceased WO2016201471A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA376/2015A AT517297A1 (de) 2015-06-15 2015-06-15 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines emissionsarmen Treibgases
ATA376/2015 2015-06-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016201471A2 true WO2016201471A2 (fr) 2016-12-22
WO2016201471A3 WO2016201471A3 (fr) 2017-02-09

Family

ID=56372695

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT2016/050198 Ceased WO2016201471A2 (fr) 2015-06-15 2016-06-14 Procédé de production d'un gaz de propulsion pauvre en émissions

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AT (1) AT517297A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016201471A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2718803C (fr) * 2008-03-28 2016-07-12 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Systemes et procedes de production d'energie a faible taux d'emission et de recuperation d'hydrocarbure
US8006653B2 (en) * 2008-07-22 2011-08-30 General Electric Company Combustion method, system, and article
EP2233433A1 (fr) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-29 Hydrogen Energy International Limited Procédé pour la génération d'électricité et pour la séquestration de dioxyde de carbone

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Publication number Publication date
WO2016201471A3 (fr) 2017-02-09
AT517297A1 (de) 2016-12-15

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