WO2017006142A1 - Compositions d'essence à indice d'octane amélioré - Google Patents

Compositions d'essence à indice d'octane amélioré Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017006142A1
WO2017006142A1 PCT/IB2015/001131 IB2015001131W WO2017006142A1 WO 2017006142 A1 WO2017006142 A1 WO 2017006142A1 IB 2015001131 W IB2015001131 W IB 2015001131W WO 2017006142 A1 WO2017006142 A1 WO 2017006142A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gasoline
octane
gasoline composition
methyl
group
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2015/001131
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English (en)
Inventor
Sebastien NICOLAS
Fernanda GRIGOLETTO
Sergio Martins
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Rodhia Poliamida E Especialidades Ltda
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Rodhia Poliamida E Especialidades Ltda
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rodhia Poliamida E Especialidades Ltda filed Critical Rodhia Poliamida E Especialidades Ltda
Priority to PCT/IB2015/001131 priority Critical patent/WO2017006142A1/fr
Priority to CN201680040031.7A priority patent/CN107849469B/zh
Priority to US15/742,129 priority patent/US20180195016A1/en
Priority to ES16741677T priority patent/ES2902059T3/es
Priority to PCT/IB2016/000959 priority patent/WO2017006169A1/fr
Priority to EP16741677.5A priority patent/EP3320059B1/fr
Priority to BR112017027947A priority patent/BR112017027947B8/pt
Priority to ARP160102054A priority patent/AR105274A1/es
Priority to UY0001036770A priority patent/UY36770A/es
Publication of WO2017006142A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017006142A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
    • C10L1/1855—Cyclic ethers, e.g. epoxides, lactides, lactones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/10—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the octane number
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
    • C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
    • C10L2200/0438—Middle or heavy distillates, heating oil, gasoil, marine fuels, residua
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
    • C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
    • C10L2270/023—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for gasoline engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new gasoline composition containing a specific low quantity of glycerol ketal or acetal as an additive able to boost the octane number of the gasoline composition.
  • the invention also aims at the use of said glycerol ketal or acetal as a metal free octane booster additive for octane adjustment of gasoline compositions.
  • Gasoline also known as petrol outside of North America, is a transparent, petroleum- derived liquid that is used primarily as a fuel in internal combustion engines. It consists mostly of organic compounds obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum, enhanced with a variety of additives.
  • Spark ignition engines are designed to burn gasoline in a controlled process called deflagration.
  • the unburned mixture may autoignite by detonating from pressure and heat alone, rather than ignite from the spark plug at exactly the right time. This causes a rapid pressure rise which can damage the engine. This is often referred to as engine knocking or end-gas knock. Knocking can be reduced by increasing the gasoline's resistance to autoignition, which is expressed by its octane number.
  • Octane number is measured relative to a mixture of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (an isomer of octane) and n-heptane.
  • the second one has an octane number of 0, while iso-octane (2,2,4- trimethyl pentane) is 100.
  • Linear combinations of these two components are used to measure the octane number of a particular fuel.
  • a 90%/10% blend of isooctane/n-heptane has an octane value of 90. Any fuel knocking at the same compression ratio as this mixture is said to have an octane number of 90.
  • There are different conventions for expressing octane numbers so the same physical fuel may have several different octane ratings based on the measure used.
  • One of the best known is the research octane number (RON).
  • Gasoline is produced in oil refineries from crude oil.
  • the bulk of a typical gasoline consists of hydrocarbons with between 4 and 12 carbon atoms per molecule (commonly referred to as C4-C12). It is a mixture of paraffins (alkanes), cycloalkanes (naphthenes), and olefins (alkenes), where the usage of the terms paraffin and olefin is particular to the oil industry. The actual ratio depends on:
  • the grade of gasoline in particular, the octane rating.
  • the various refinery streams blended to make gasoline have different characteristics. Some important streams are:
  • straight-run gasoline usually also called naphtha is distilled directly from crude oil.
  • naphtha Once the leading source of fuel, its low octane rating required lead additives. It is low in aromatics (depending on the grade of crude oil), containing some cycloalkanes (naphthenes) and no olefins (alkenes). Between 0 and 20% of this stream is pooled into the finished gasoline.
  • reformate produced in a catalytic reformer has a high octane rating with high aromatic content, and relatively low olefins (alkenes). Most of the benzene, toluene, and xylene (the so-called BTX) are more valuable as chemical feedstocks and are thus removed to some extent.
  • catalytic cracked gasoline or catalytic cracked naphtha produced from a catalytic cracker, with a moderate octane rating, high olefins (alkene) content, and moderate aromatics level.
  • hydrocrackate (heavy, mid, and light) produced from a hydrocracker, with medium to low octane rating and moderate aromatic levels.
  • alkylate is produced in an alkylation unit, using as feedstocks isobutane and alkenes.
  • Alkylate contains no aromatics and alkenes and has high MON.
  • isomerate is obtained by isomerizing low octane straight run gasoline to iso-paraffins (non-chain alkanes, like isooctane). Isomerate has medium RON and MON, but nil aromatics and olefins.
  • butane is usually blended in the gasoline pool, although the quantity of this stream is limited by the Reid Vapor Pressure specification; which regulates the volatility of gasoline.
  • Gasoline can also contain other organic compounds, such as organic ethers (deliberately added), plus small levels of contaminants, in particular organosulfur compounds, but these are usually removed at the refinery.
  • organic ethers deliberately added
  • contaminants in particular organosulfur compounds
  • Gasoline generally also comprises various additives like:
  • Alcohols Methanol, Ethanol, Isopropyl alcohol, n-butanol, Gasoline grade t-butanol; Ethers: Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), now outlawed in many states of the U.S. for road use, mostly because of water contamination, Tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME), Tertiary hexyl methyl ether (THEME), Ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE), Tertiary amyl ethyl ether (TAEE), Diisopropyl ether (DIPE);
  • TAME Tertiary amyl methyl ether
  • THEME Tertiary hexyl methyl ether
  • ETBE Ethyl tertiary butyl ether
  • TEE Tertiary amyl ethyl ether
  • DIPE Diisopropyl ether
  • Antioxidants, stabilizers Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2,4-Dimethyl-6-tert- butylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,6-DTBP), p-Phenylenediamine, Ethylene diamine;
  • BHT Butylated hydroxytoluene
  • 2,4-Dimethyl-6-tert- butylphenol 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol
  • 2,6-DTBP 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol
  • p-Phenylenediamine Ethylene diamine
  • Antiknock agents Tetraethyllead, Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT), Ferrocene, Iron pentacarbonyl, Toluene, Isooctane, Triptane Lead scavengers (for leaded gasoline): Tricresyl phosphate (TCP), 1,2-Dibromoethane, 1,2-Dichloroethane;
  • Fuel dyes most common: Solvent Red 24, Solvent Red 26, Solvent Yellow 124, Solvent Blue 35.
  • Tetraethyllead and other lead compounds are no longer used in most areas to regulate and increase octane-rating because of health and environment concerns.
  • Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl is used in Canada and in Australia to boost octane, but its use in the US has been restricted by regulations.
  • US4390345 describes the use of 1,3-dioxolane and lower alkyl or alkenyl derivatives thereof as exhaust hydrocarbon emissions reducers for MMT antiknock containing gasoline compositions. As explained before, the use of MMT containing gasoline compositions is now restricted because of its toxicity for environment.
  • EP2298851 discloses the use of a blend of Alcohol and cyclic ketal at minimum 10% by weight of the gasoline composition in order to improve the octane number of the composition. It is also specified that the use of 10% by weight of a glycerol-acetone cyclic ketal in gasoline increases the octane number by 1.4 units.
  • Blending Components They are used in high percentages, usually around 10-20 % in the blending process.
  • MTBE under scrutiny for toxicity
  • Ethanol Ethanol
  • Octane Booster Additives They are used to increase the Octane Number of Final Blends. Usually 2000 to 10000 ppm max to meet the desired RON number
  • One of the objects of the invention is to propose an improved metal free high octane number gasoline composition with a reduced emission impact during combustion.
  • a further object of the invention is to propose a metal free non-toxic octane booster additive for octane adjustment of gasoline compositions which is effective at low dosage.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to propose a metal free non-toxic octane booster additive for octane adjustment of gasoline compositions that is at least partially originated from bio-resources.
  • the invention thus proposes a metal-free gasoline composition
  • a metal-free gasoline composition comprising at least one gasoline fuel and from 0.05 to 1% by weight of an octane booster additive comprising at least one compound of formula I below:
  • Ri and R 2 independently from one another, are selected in the group consisting of: a linear or branched C1-C12 alkyl, a C4-C12 cycloalkyl or an aryl.
  • the present invention also proposes the use of from 0.05 to 1% by weight of a composition comprising at least one compound of formula I described above according to all the possible embodiments and combinations thereof as an octane number booster additive for a gasoline composition.
  • the use is as octane booster additive to adjust the octane number of a blended gasoline fuel.
  • the metal-free gasoline composition of the invention comprises at least one gasoline fuel and from 0.05 to 1% by weight of an octane booster additive comprising at least one compound of formula I below:
  • Ri and R 2/ independently from one another, are selected in the group consisting of: a linear or branched C1-C12 alkyl, a C4-C12 cycloalkyl or an aryl.
  • Ri and R 2 independently from one another, are selected in the group consisting of: methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-propyl, isobutyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or phenyl.
  • Rl and R2 are methyl and R3 is H.
  • the compound is commercially available, for example under the name Augeo ® Clean Multi, Augeo ® SL191 or Solketal. This compound can be synthesized by reaction between glycerol and acetone, under well-known classical conditions.
  • Rl is methyl
  • R2 is isobutyl
  • R3 is H
  • the compound is commercially available, for example under the name Augeo ® Clean Plus. This compound can be synthesized by reaction between glycerol and methyl-isobutyl ketone, under well- known classical conditions.
  • Rl is methyl
  • R2 is phenyl
  • R3 is H
  • the compound is commercially available, for example under the name Augeo ® Film HB. This compound can be synthesized by reaction between glycerol and acetophenone, under well-known classical conditions.
  • the compound is commercially available, for example under the name Augeo ® ACT. This compound can be synthesized by transesterification of Solketal with an alkyl acetate under well-known classical conditions.
  • Glycerol can be obtained as a co-product from biodiesel production during the transesterification of triglycerides. Glycerol is thus a product that can come from bio- resources.
  • Octane enhancing compounds are not environment friendly: lead additives are toxic air pollutants and poison catalytic converter catalysts. In Gasoline, benzene is carcinogenic, aromatics produce more smoke and smog and olefins form engine fouling gums, more smoke& smog.
  • the compounds of formula I of the invention have very good performance in the application, low odor and no toxicity to humans or environment. In addition, their use induces no security issues because of their high flash point. There are sustainable alternatives to existing octane boosters in gasoline application as they meet the three pillars of sustainability (economical, environmental and social).
  • This blend preferably comprises Augeo ® Clean Multi and Augeo ® Clean Plus, in a weight ratio from about 30:70 to 70:30, and even more preferably 50:50.
  • Another advantageous blend comprises Augeo ® Clean Plus and Augeo ® ACT, in a weight ratio from about 30:70 to 70:30, and even more preferably 60:40.
  • octane booster additive consists in one or more compounds of formula I.
  • the octane booster additive of the gasoline according to the invention can further comprise esters of C1-C6 carboxylic acids and/or ketones such as butyl acetate, propyl acetate, Methyl Isobutyl Ketone and Methyl Ethyl Ketone, advantageously ethyl acetate.
  • the molar ratio of compound of formula l/esters of C1-C6 carboxylic acids and/or ketones, and in particular the molar ratio of compound of formula 1/ ethyl acetate can be from about 30:70 to 100:0, preferably from about 50:50 to 95:5.
  • the octane booster additive present in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0%, preferably from 0.2 to 1% and even more preferably 0.2 to 0.8% by weight of the total weight of the gasoline composition.
  • the gasoline fuel can comprise a complex mixture of light hydrocarbons containing 5-12 carbon atoms produced in oil refineries.
  • Gasoline is composed of over 200 chemicals, such as: benzene (up to 5%), Toluene (up to 20%), naphthalene (up to 2%), trimethylbenzene(up to 5%) and others.
  • the present invention also proposes the use of from 0.05 to 1% by weight of a composition comprising at least one compound of formula I described above according to all the possible embodiments and combinations thereof as an octane number booster additive for a gasoline composition.
  • the use is as octane booster additive to adjust the octane number of a blended gasoline fuel.
  • Fig.l to 3 correspond to octane number (RON and MON) measurement diagrams as a function of the quantity of Augeo ® SL191 added for three different gasoline fuels. Those figures are related to Examples 1 to 3.
  • Fig. 4 and 5 are octane number (RON and MON) measurement diagrams as a function of the quantity of Augeo ® SL191 and ethyl acetate added to two different gasoline fuels, as described in Examples 4 and 5.
  • Octane number results (RON and MON) have been measured for different types of gasoline, after addition of different additives, followed by a reasonable time of stirring (approximately 10 minutes). Results are as shown in examples 1 to 5 below.
  • Example 1 95 RON Gasoline - Augeo ® SL191
  • Augeo SL91 which is commercially available, was added in the concentrations indicated below, and the octane numbers were measured according with the standard already mentioned.
  • the table II below indicates the results obtained.
  • Augeo SL91 which is commercially available, was added in the concentrations indicated below, and the octane numbers were measured according with the standard already mentioned.
  • the table III below indicates the results obtained.
  • SP95 means "sans plomb", which in french means unlead, and 95 is the minimum RON required. It's availability will depend on each region needs and habits, but it is quite common in Europe, for example.
  • Augeo SL91 which is commercially available, was added in the concentrations indicated below, and the octane numbers were measured according with the standard already mentioned.
  • the table IV below indicates the results obtained.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une nouvelle composition d'essence qui comprend un carburant essence et de 0,05 à 1 % d'une faible quantité spécifique d'un cétal ou acétal de glycérol. La nouvelle composition d'essence présente un indice d'octane supérieur comparativement à des compositions d'essence connues. L'invention concerne également l'utilisation dudit cétal ou acétal de glycérol comme additif surpresseur d'octane exempt de métal pour l'ajustement d'octane des compositions d'essence.
PCT/IB2015/001131 2015-07-06 2015-07-06 Compositions d'essence à indice d'octane amélioré Ceased WO2017006142A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2015/001131 WO2017006142A1 (fr) 2015-07-06 2015-07-06 Compositions d'essence à indice d'octane amélioré
CN201680040031.7A CN107849469B (zh) 2015-07-06 2016-07-05 具有改进的辛烷值的汽油组合物
US15/742,129 US20180195016A1 (en) 2015-07-06 2016-07-05 Gasoline compositions with improved octane number
ES16741677T ES2902059T3 (es) 2015-07-06 2016-07-05 Composiciones de gasolina con número de octano mejorado
PCT/IB2016/000959 WO2017006169A1 (fr) 2015-07-06 2016-07-05 Compositions d'essence à indice d'octane amélioré
EP16741677.5A EP3320059B1 (fr) 2015-07-06 2016-07-05 Compositions d'essence à indice d'octane amélioré
BR112017027947A BR112017027947B8 (pt) 2015-07-06 2016-07-05 Composições de gasolina com número de octano melhorado
ARP160102054A AR105274A1 (es) 2015-07-06 2016-07-06 Composiciones de gasolina con número de octano mejorado
UY0001036770A UY36770A (es) 2015-07-06 2016-07-06 Composiciones de gasolina con número de octano mejorado

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2015/001131 WO2017006142A1 (fr) 2015-07-06 2015-07-06 Compositions d'essence à indice d'octane amélioré

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WO2017006142A1 true WO2017006142A1 (fr) 2017-01-12

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PCT/IB2016/000959 Ceased WO2017006169A1 (fr) 2015-07-06 2016-07-05 Compositions d'essence à indice d'octane amélioré

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US (1) US20180195016A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3320059B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107849469B (fr)
AR (1) AR105274A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112017027947B8 (fr)
ES (1) ES2902059T3 (fr)
UY (1) UY36770A (fr)
WO (2) WO2017006142A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109852444B (zh) * 2019-03-15 2021-01-29 山东聚兴新材料科技有限公司 一种汽油辛烷值提升剂的制备方法
CN109852443B (zh) * 2019-03-15 2021-01-29 山东聚兴新材料科技有限公司 一种汽油辛烷值提升剂及其制备方法

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US4179553A (en) * 1978-11-03 1979-12-18 The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Polyphosphazene polymers containing cyclic ketal substituents
US4390345A (en) 1980-11-17 1983-06-28 Somorjai Gabor A Fuel compositions and additive mixtures for reducing hydrocarbon emissions
WO2006084048A1 (fr) * 2005-02-02 2006-08-10 Jalin Technologies, Llc Carburant biodiesel et production de ce dernier
US20070283619A1 (en) * 2004-02-24 2007-12-13 Gerard Hillion Method For Producing Biofuels, Transforming Triglycerides Into At Least Two Biofuel Families: Fatty Acid Monoesters And Ethers And/Or Soluble Glycerol Acetals
US20090270643A1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2009-10-29 Michiel Arjaan Kousemaker Method for producing an oxygen-containing compound used as fuel additive, in particular in diesel fuels, gasoline, and rapeseed methyl ester
EP2298851A1 (fr) 2008-05-28 2011-03-23 Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IBCP RAS) Agent permettant d'augmenter l'indice d'octane d'un carburant automobile de type essence

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RU2365617C1 (ru) * 2008-05-28 2009-08-27 Учреждение Российской Академии Наук Институт Биохимической Физики Им. Н.М. Эмануэля Ран (Ибхф Ран) Октаноповышающая добавка к бензину
ITMI20120570A1 (it) * 2012-04-06 2013-10-07 Eni Spa Composizioni di carburante comprendenti derivati idrofobici della glicerina
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GB1145930A (en) * 1967-12-22 1969-03-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Liquid fuel composition
US4179553A (en) * 1978-11-03 1979-12-18 The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Polyphosphazene polymers containing cyclic ketal substituents
US4390345A (en) 1980-11-17 1983-06-28 Somorjai Gabor A Fuel compositions and additive mixtures for reducing hydrocarbon emissions
US20090270643A1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2009-10-29 Michiel Arjaan Kousemaker Method for producing an oxygen-containing compound used as fuel additive, in particular in diesel fuels, gasoline, and rapeseed methyl ester
US20070283619A1 (en) * 2004-02-24 2007-12-13 Gerard Hillion Method For Producing Biofuels, Transforming Triglycerides Into At Least Two Biofuel Families: Fatty Acid Monoesters And Ethers And/Or Soluble Glycerol Acetals
WO2006084048A1 (fr) * 2005-02-02 2006-08-10 Jalin Technologies, Llc Carburant biodiesel et production de ce dernier
EP2298851A1 (fr) 2008-05-28 2011-03-23 Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences (IBCP RAS) Agent permettant d'augmenter l'indice d'octane d'un carburant automobile de type essence

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CN107849469A (zh) 2018-03-27
UY36770A (es) 2017-01-31
BR112017027947A2 (pt) 2018-08-28
AR105274A1 (es) 2017-09-20
CN107849469B (zh) 2021-09-24
BR112017027947B1 (pt) 2021-12-07
EP3320059B1 (fr) 2021-10-13
US20180195016A1 (en) 2018-07-12
WO2017006169A1 (fr) 2017-01-12
BR112017027947B8 (pt) 2023-04-18
EP3320059A1 (fr) 2018-05-16

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