Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
  • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
  • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
  • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
  • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
  • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2251/00—Reactants
  • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
  • B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
  • B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
  • B01D2252/102—Ammonia
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
  • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
  • B01D2259/12—Methods and means for introducing reactants
  • B01D2259/124—Liquid reactants
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
  • B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
  • B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
  • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
  • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for neutralisation of carbon dioxide emissions by enabling its long-term storage.
• carbon dioxide liquefied under pressure may be stored in metal tanks. These tanks, being pressure tanks, must be made of steel of a proper quality, and they must exhibit chemical and mechanical resistance. One should also note that over time, the tanks will undergo corrosion, and they will pose a hazard to the environment through violent emission of large amounts of carbon dioxide. The volume that would be occupied by such tanks forces the finding of vast disposal grounds for them.
• the invention relates to a method for neutralisation of carbon dioxide emissions by its storage in the form of a solid chemical compound, resistant to spontaneous decomposition.
• carbon dioxide-containing industrial gases or carbon dioxide isolated from industrial gases are passed through an aqueous solution of a sodium salt of carbonic acid or a sodium salt of a strong inorganic acid, preferably through a sodium chloride solution or a sodium sulfatedm(VI) solution, with an amount of ammonia stoichiometric in relation to the acidic anion being added.
• the reaction is carried out at a temperature not exceeding 60°C.
• the precipitated sodium bicarbonate is isolated from the aqueous solution, washed with methanol, dried in a carbon dioxide atmosphere and stored.
• the reaction of carbon dioxide leading to sodium bicarbonate being a solid consists in permanent bonding of carbon dioxide gas with the formation of a sodium salt.
• This substance is stable up to 75°C and is safe to use. Moreover, it is not toxic and is sometimes used in the household.
• Sodium bicarbonate is manufactured on a small scale from specially purified sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). Sodium carbonate is less preferable as a C02-storing salt, because of the fact that it already contains more than 41.5% of CO2. Sodium bicarbonate contains almost 52.4% of CO2, so it is more effective as a carbon dioxide "tank".
• the carbon dioxide is transformed into an easily storable and stable solid, which does not require additional supervision costs or construction of specialist warehouses.
• the best approach is to use commonly available sodium chloride NaCI, generating ammonium chloride, or also the rather inexpensive and easily available sodium suifate(VI), generating ammonium sulfate(VI) used in agriculture.
• ammonia is used, manufactured mostly for agriculture as a component of nitrogen fertilisers directly or in the form of a salt.
• CO2 "storage" it is important that the carbon dioxide which has already been stored is not lost.
• the following apparatus was used for the synthesis: a three-necked, round-bottomed flask with a capacity of 2 dm 3 , placed in a water bath, equipped with a stirrer; a tube supplying carbon dioxide through a washer and reaching almost to the bottom of the flask, but next to the stirrer, and a thermometer. There is a gas outlet with a washer next to the stirrer's gland.
• a separate apparatus was used, consisting of a three-necked, round-bottomed flask with a capacity of 2 litres, equipped with a dephlegmator terminated with an adapter with a thermometer, discharging vapours to a condenser.
• Carbon dioxide was also supplied for regeneration of methanol through a washer.
• the flask was placed in a glycerol bath with a maintained temperature not higher than 125°C.
• the filtering assembly, or the Buchner funnel was equipped with a filter paper.
• This flask was equipped with a manual stirrer, carbon dioxide supply and vapour outlet to a condenser.
• 8300 g of a solution containing 790.45 g of ammonia and 7509.55 g of water were prepared.
• 8 portions of NaCI salt 339.02 g each were prepared, as well as a cylinder with liquefied carbon dioxide equipped with a reducing valve.
• the apparatus was disassembled, its content filtered, and then the funnel with the isolated sodium bicarbonate was transferred onto a round- bottomed flask, and the precipitate contained in the funnel was washed with a 129.1 g portion of methanol.
• the precipitate from the Buchner funnel was transferred into the flask for methanol removal.
• the sets for methanol regeneration and methanol removal were connected and bath heating was turned on.
• the carbon dioxide supply to the flask for methanol removal was then started, and the stirrer was operated manually.
• the process of methanol regeneration and methanol removal from the precipitate was completed, recovering 27.1 g of methanol in total.
• NaHC03 synthesis was repeated six more times in the manner described above, using the same amounts of substances but swapping the synthesis flask with the flask for methanol regeneration each time without cleaning. The following portions of dry precipitate were obtained in these tests:
• Example 1 For storing the same amount of carbon dioxide as in Examples 1 and 2, sodium carbonate Na2C03 was used as a raw material, produced in industry in very large amounts. The process was carried out using the same procedure and apparatus as in Example 1.
• sodium carbonate is a useful raw material in the method according to the invention; however, this requires a larger area for storage.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=56686864

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Citations (7)

• 2015
  • 2015-07-03 PL PL413004A patent/PL413004A1/pl unknown
• 2016
  • 2016-07-01 WO PCT/PL2016/000075 patent/WO2017007356A1/en not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (7)

Non-Patent Citations (4)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events