WO2017016747A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour faire fonctionner un système électrique - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour faire fonctionner un système électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017016747A1
WO2017016747A1 PCT/EP2016/063878 EP2016063878W WO2017016747A1 WO 2017016747 A1 WO2017016747 A1 WO 2017016747A1 EP 2016063878 W EP2016063878 W EP 2016063878W WO 2017016747 A1 WO2017016747 A1 WO 2017016747A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
converter
voltage
current
module
electrical system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2016/063878
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gholamabas Esteghlal
Markus Kretschmer
Frank Haefele
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2017016747A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017016747A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0092—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/285—Single converters with a plurality of output stages connected in parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/525—Temperature of converter or components thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/526—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/527—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
    • B60L2240/529—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the operator of an electrical system, in particular of a motor vehicle, which has at least one rechargeable energy store, at least one consumer and at least one consumer
  • the invention relates to a device for operating the electrical system described above.
  • Low voltage section has a higher voltage level.
  • Low-voltage section electrically connected to each other by at least one DC-DC converter, for example, to charge an energy storage of the low-voltage section by energy from the high voltage section, thereby ensuring the operation of the system as a whole.
  • DC-DC converters are known, which are designed as multi-phase converters, which two or more connected in parallel
  • DC-DC converter for example flyback converter or resonant converter, in order to achieve a desired performance in particular uninterrupted
  • the inventive method with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the DC-DC converter can be controlled individually, for example, to optimize the life of the DC-DC converter and the performance of the multi-phase converter.
  • the DC-DC converter can be controlled individually to ensure optimum operation.
  • Multiphase converter are determined.
  • the actual current is advantageously detected directly by means of sensors of the DC-DC converter.
  • the operating mode of the multi-phase converter results in particular from a drive strategy, for example, a lopsided or non-lopsided operation of
  • the internal control variables can also be detected directly by a sensor system of the respective DC-DC converter.
  • the desired current results in particular from the control of the electrical system, in particular from a higher-level instance, such as a motor vehicle control unit or the like.
  • Operating point a desired current of at least one DC-DC converter, a desired output voltage of at least one DC-DC converter and / or a module state of at least one of the DC voltage converter can be specified or varied.
  • one or more setpoint currents, setpoint output voltages and / or module states are thus varied or predetermined in order to optimize the operation of the electrical system.
  • the number of operating DC-DC converters during operation of the electrical system is adapted to the respective operating point. It is preferably provided that, depending on the current operating point, one or more of the
  • DC converter depending on their respective operating state, resulting, for example, from an operating temperature or aging phenomena are selected.
  • the desired currents or desired powers of the DC-DC converters are adjusted in dependence on the actual currents or actual powers of the individual DC-DC converters such that the actual currents / actual powers have the same current value or power value.
  • the DC-DC converter are de-energized to determine an electrical voltage of the at least one energy storage.
  • this deactivation can also be done by separation from the low voltage section.
  • DC voltage converter can be determined, wherein depending on the determined quality factors the DC-DC converter controlled, in particular Lactosenide conditions are specified. Depending on the current quality factors, which give an indication of the respective operating state of the DC-DC converter, in particular the activation
  • this partial function preferably switches the affected one
  • an electrical load of the electrical system in particular of the low-voltage section of the electrical system, is determined as a function of the determined actual currents.
  • output signals of a control complex or module of the multi-phase converter are taken into account in order to determine or at least estimate the load.
  • the energy store is preferred
  • the low voltage section understood as another consumer of the system.
  • the load external specifications, in particular external setpoint voltage specifications, the estimated / determined battery voltage and optionally external current setpoints, the setpoint currents, voltages and setpoint module states are determined and controllers or hardware drivers of
  • Multiphase converter provided. By the presented
  • the device according to the invention with the features of claim 8 is characterized by a specially prepared control unit, which has an operating strategy module that performs the method according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an electrical
  • Figure 2 shows a structure of a control system of the electrical
  • FIG 3 is a schematic representation of an advantageous
  • FIGS. 4A to 4C schemes for current equalization
  • FIG. 5 shows a method for module deactivation
  • FIG. 6 shows a method for determining a setpoint voltage
  • Figure 7 shows a method for determining a desired current
  • FIG. 8 shows a method for determining a quality factor.
  • the electrical system 1 shows a simplified representation of an electrical system 1 of a motor vehicle not shown here.
  • the electrical system 1 has a high voltage section 2 and a low voltage section 3, which are electrically connected together by a multi-phase converter 4.
  • the high-voltage section 2 comprises a rechargeable high-voltage energy store 5, an inverter 6 and an electric machine 7 which is operated by the inverter 6.
  • the electric machine 7 can be operated by a motor or generator and is designed in particular as a drive machine of the motor vehicle.
  • Low-voltage section 3 includes a low-voltage energy storage 8, which is also designed to be rechargeable, and one or more
  • FIG. 2 shows a further illustration of the electrical system 1 with a controller complex 11, with the multi-phase converter 4, the N has parallel-connected DC-DC converter
  • the multi-phase converter 4 has a high voltage section side input voltage U in and a
  • Multiphase converter 4 results in an actual voltage U is , which is provided to the electrical system 10 available.
  • the control of the multiphase converter 4 results.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an operating strategy instance, which is designed as an operating strategy module 12 of a control device of the motor vehicle.
  • the operating strategy module 12 decides how many modules depending on a current operating point of the electrical system 1
  • the operating strategy instance receives the desired voltage in the output U SO ii as the state variable, the current currents L, run the
  • the operating strategy module 12 is also the target current l !
  • the output of the operating strategy instance represents in addition to the target currents I SO K and voltages U so u also provides module states M m.
  • the operating strategy module 12 includes a module 13 for determining voltage, current, and module conditions, a load estimation module 14, a module state determination module 15, a current equalization module 16, and a state of charge or aging module 17 Low Voltage Energy Storage 8.
  • the operating strategy instance thus fulfills the following tasks in short form
  • Electricity equalization / power equalization due to the tolerance of the components, the modules can deliver different currents and / or powers under the same load. To different loads of
  • Modules / DC-DC converter to prevent, by modifying the target currents / target power for different modules the same
  • Module state determination The current states of the modules are calculated. Depending on the detected states, these are activated or deactivated. If a module is not switched on or off by the controller, but after a given time or dynamics, then this is
  • the modules 16 equate the flows or services, in particular so that everyone
  • DC converter delivers, for example, 50% of its rated power. For this purpose, either the high-voltage side or low-voltage side, the actual DC currents are measured.
  • PSFB converter When trained as a PSFB converter
  • LLC converter resonant converter
  • Performance class the arithmetic mean of these currents is preferably formed and limited to a maximum allowable current and supplied as a target current to the module 13, where a further modification of the currents are performed as needed and then the controller complex 11 are provided.
  • the task of the controller complex 11 is then by a suitable drive signal, in particular by a pulse-width modulated signal (PWM signal), to the semiconductor switches to equalize the currents or powers in particular percentage.
  • PWM signal pulse-width modulated signal
  • FIGS. 4A to 4C show different embodiments of the invention
  • Figure 4A shows a schematic representation of
  • FIG. 4B shows an exemplary embodiment for equalizing the current for two parallel-connected DC-DC converters of a PSFB converter with two current controls IC1 and IC2.
  • FIG. 4C shows an exemplary embodiment of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows in a flow diagram a method for implementing a module shutdown request.
  • a first step Sl the modules of the scalable multiphase converter 4 are checked for a defect. If a defect is detected (j), the respective module is switched off in a step S2. In this case, the shutdown can be done on a vorgebare period or dynamics. If the query shows that the modules are not defective (s), it will be in one
  • step S3 the magnitude of the peak power Psp is compared with a first limit value Gl. If the amount is smaller than the limit value Gl (]), then in a following step S4 the amount of the alternating power Pw is compared with a second limit value G2. If the alternating power or the amount of the alternating power is less than the second limit value D2 (j), then in a subsequent step S5, the basic power Pg with a third
  • Threshold G3 compared. If the basic power is less than the third limit value G3 (j), then in a step S6, the request for switching off the corresponding module or DC voltage converter, which is carried out in step S2. If one of the queries S3 to S6 yields a negative answer (s), the individual DC-DC converters are not switched off in accordance with step S7 and continue to operate.
  • the operating strategy has three manipulated variables, whereby the optimum can be influenced, namely the specification of the voltage to be set, limitation or equalization of the currents or powers and the direct shutdown of the individual modules / DC-DC converters.
  • the operating strategy has the task, a direct
  • the module 17 is a shutdown of all
  • the operating strategy checks whether there is a load change. This test can be seen by the peak load or the alternating load calculated in Module 14. Is none
  • DC-DC converter for a very short time, for example, 10 ms, switched off.
  • a shutdown of the DC-DC converter due to the optimization takes place in the same way, unless there is a defect. In this case, the affected module is switched off immediately.
  • the setpoint voltage U so n is normally specified by an external instant (U SO iLextem) such as a control unit or the like.
  • U SO iLextem an external instant
  • the setpoint voltage U SO ii at a load change or adjusted in the Nuiast range A zero load exists when the base load is lower than an applicable limit value.
  • the energy store 8 is charged and the setpoint voltage can be equal to the battery voltage for
  • Charging voltage can be set. In the event of sudden switching on or off of large loads, overvoltages or undervoltages in the vehicle electrical system 10 can occur. Here, depending on the sign of the peak load and the currently specified external setpoint voltage U s0) Lextern time the specifications for the controller complex 11 is changed. This behavior also applies to small loads, but with different parameters.
  • FIG. 6 shows a method for determining the setpoint voltage U so n.
  • steps S3, S4 and S5 are executed as described above. If the last condition according to step S5 is also satisfied, then in step S8 the setpoint voltage U so n is predetermined as a function of the state of charge of the low-voltage energy storage device 8.
  • step S3 If the condition of step S3 is not fulfilled, the desired voltage as a function of the external reference voltage setting U so n_ extem or UsEx, a temporal voltage difference AU (t), and the sign of the
  • Peak power PSP (Sign (Psp)) determined in a step S9.
  • step S4 the target voltage is determined as a function of the external target voltage specification, the temporal voltage difference and the sign of the AC power Pw in a step S10.
  • step S5 If only the condition of step S5 is not fulfilled (n), then the externally specified setpoint voltage UsEx is determined as setpoint voltage U so in a step S1 1.
  • FIG. 7 shows in a flowchart a method for determining a desired current or desired state of the individual modules of the multiphase DC-DC converter or the individual ones
  • Multiphase converter 4 determined. If the current power can be provided by a single module or a single DC-DC converter, depending on a quality factor QMx, where x for the module or the respective DC-DC converter is checked, which of the modules is suitable for this purpose.
  • the quality factor QM is a function of the active time tM, the current load and the module state.
  • the module state is calculated in the instance or module 15.
  • the figure of merit QM has a value between 0 and 1. "0" means that the module in question is defective and can not be used.
  • the quality factor QM is also integrated as a function of time t.
  • the active module can be changed.
  • the time-dependent quality factor QM is again highly integrated to "1" according to a predefined function
  • step S15 the parallel-connected DC-DC converters 4_1 and 4_2 are activated in step S15.
  • the quality factor QM1 is also compared with the limit value of 0.5 in a step S16. If the queries of step S14 and step S16 indicate that the quality factor QM1 is not greater than 0.5 and the quality factor QM2 is greater than 0.5, then in a step S17
  • Module 4_2 is activated and module 4_1 deactivated. Is the quality factor QM1, however greater than 0.5, the module 4_1 is activated in step S18 and the module 4_2 is deactivated.
  • step S15 If both modules 4_1 and 4_2 are activated according to step S15, the currents are as described above in a subsequent step S19
  • the currents are then limited in each case in a step S20 to a maximum limit value and / or an external predetermined setpoint current.
  • the quality factors QM1 and QM2 result as a function of the active time of the modules 4_1 and 4_2 (tM1, 2) and of the module states (Mzu1, Mzu2).
  • a multiphase converter 4 is also considered, which comprises two modules or DC-DC converters 4_1 and 4_2.
  • FIG. 8 shows a method for determining the quality factor QM on the basis of the quality factor QM 1 of the module 4_1.
  • the module state Mzu1 the active time tM1 and a current load I B are considered.
  • the temperature value T of the DC-DC converter 4_1 is considered as the module state Mzu1.
  • T1 it is detected that the module is hot, at a temperature value of T2 that the module is too hot and threatened with damage, and at a T3 temperature value, it is assumed that the module is defective due to overheating.
  • T1 the module state Mzu1
  • the quality factor QM1 results. Accordingly, the quality factor QM2 or each quality factor of each further module or DC-DC converter 4_N is used.
  • the multi-phase converter becomes the currents and / or powers of the active modules
  • the target current of the higher-level instance is determined by the number of
  • DC-DC converter divided and used as a limit for the individual modules.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour faire fonctionner un système électrique (1) d'un véhicule à moteur, qui présente au moins un accumulateur d'énergie (5, 8) rechargeable, au moins un consommateur (9) ainsi qu'au moins un convertisseur polyphasé (4) comportant plusieurs convertisseurs continu-continu (4_1, 4_2,...4_N) montés notamment en parallèle. Selon l'invention, les convertisseurs continu-continu (4_1, 4_2, 4_N) sont activés en fonction d'un point de fonctionnement en cours du système électrique (1).
PCT/EP2016/063878 2015-07-28 2016-06-16 Procédé et dispositif pour faire fonctionner un système électrique Ceased WO2017016747A1 (fr)

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DE102015214231.0A DE102015214231A1 (de) 2015-07-28 2015-07-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Systems

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DE102017200232A1 (de) * 2017-01-10 2018-07-12 Audi Ag Energiekoppler für ein elektrisch antreibbares Kraftfahrzeug
DE102017009527A1 (de) * 2017-10-12 2019-04-18 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren zum Versorgen einer Fahranlage eines Unterseebootes mit elektrischer Energie und Fahrnetz eines Unterseebootes
FR3104082B1 (fr) * 2019-12-05 2024-08-16 Psa Automobiles Sa Procede de gestion de l’etat de charge d’une batterie lithium-ion pour vehicule comportant un moteur electrique et un convertisseur de tension continu-continu
US12558994B2 (en) 2023-01-16 2026-02-24 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Electric vehicle energy storage systems including dc-dc power converters operable in selected operating modes
FR3148748A1 (fr) * 2023-05-17 2024-11-22 Renault Procédé de détermination de consignes de tension de convertisseurs d’un système d’alimentation électrique d’un véhicule et système d’alimentation électrique correspondant
DE102024139086A1 (de) * 2024-12-19 2026-06-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Elektrisches bordnetz für ein fahrzeug

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EP1473819A1 (fr) * 2002-01-16 2004-11-03 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de regulation d'un convertisseur de tension, procede de conversion de tension, support de stockage, programme, systeme d'entrainement et vehicule equipe du systeme d'entrainement
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