WO2018147724A1 - Tête de coupe et système d'outil - Google Patents

Tête de coupe et système d'outil Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018147724A1
WO2018147724A1 PCT/NL2017/050711 NL2017050711W WO2018147724A1 WO 2018147724 A1 WO2018147724 A1 WO 2018147724A1 NL 2017050711 W NL2017050711 W NL 2017050711W WO 2018147724 A1 WO2018147724 A1 WO 2018147724A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
section
recess
blade
cutter head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NL2017/050711
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Barend Jan DE WIJN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LEO DYNAMISCHE INVESTERING BV
Original Assignee
LEO DYNAMISCHE INVESTERING BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LEO DYNAMISCHE INVESTERING BV filed Critical LEO DYNAMISCHE INVESTERING BV
Publication of WO2018147724A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018147724A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2866—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits for rotating digging elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00—Rotary drilling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cutter head for an excavating device, comprising: at least one blade with a top side; a tool, such as a tooth with a cutting edge; a tool holder at least partially arranged on said top side and adapted for holding said tool.
  • the invention further relates to a tool for use in such a cutter head, and a method of attaching a tool to a blade of a cutter head.
  • a cutter bit assembly is known in which a cutting bit which is symmetrical around its longitudinal axis is provided with a wear tip, with the longitudinal axis of the bit extending through the wear tip.
  • WO 00/34626, AU 58588/80B, GB 2 196 669 and ZA 9 600 2246 describe similar cutter bits.
  • Each of these known cutter bits has a cutting point which is arranged for distributing most of the stress thereon along the longitudinal axis of the cutter bit, and the longitudinal axis of each of these cutter bits substantially coincides with its cutting point.
  • connection parts when compared to cutter bit of US 4,678,238, is better adapted for distributing stress on the tooth in a direction which is transverse to the tooth's longitudinal axis.
  • the connection parts also comprise a connection system common to the parts and with a detachable locking mechanism. Every such connection system has a distinctively characteristic geometry, comprising the surfaces and the form of the legs and grooves named above, in order to thereby attempt to have the wear- part of each "tooth" held effectively and safely in place in a function-sufficient manner that embodies minimal wear to the wear-part until, due to inevitable wear, the wear-part must be replaced.
  • US 2007/0245602 A1 proposes an improved tooth system for a cutter head, which tooth system is of the type embodying a holder located on the cutter head and a front tooth portion that is detachably arranged on and in relation to the holder, wherein the tooth portion is in the form of a replaceable wear and/or replacement part designed for the actual earth moving and embodies a rear leg and the holder embodies a cavity designed to receive the leg in interaction with the tooth portion and thereby achieve a unified joint for assimilation of occurring loads via a predetermined connection geometry embodying special, opposite, mutually interacting contact surfaces and, at least initially, clearance surfaces that are arranged along the tooth portion and holder.
  • the tooth may be removed the holder for instance by holding the tooth by its spine part while sliding it out of the tool holder.
  • the tool holder will be mounted, e.g. by welding or using a bolt-connection, on a blade of the cutter head, which blade typically has a helical shape.
  • the present invention provides a cutter head for an excavating device, comprising: at least one blade with a top side; a tool; a tool holder at least partially arranged on said top side and adapted for holding said tool; wherein said tool comprises: a first section which extends into the tool holder; a second section which protrudes in a direction away from the blade and said top side and comprising a cutting edge; and an intermediate section between the first section and the second section, wherein the second section has a substantially straight forward facing edge and has elongated convex cross-sectional outer contours in respective parallel planes, each outer contour having a most forward point, wherein said most forward point together with a section of said contour which includes said point is adapted for forming the cutting edge, said most forward point coinciding with the forward facing edge and with a major axis of the contour, wherein the area of each of said contours having its most forward point at a first distance from the first section is greater than the areas of each of the
  • any transverse stress exerted on the tooth via the cutting edge can be distributed along the tooth in a substantially homogenous manner in both the transverse and longitudinal direction of the tooth. Protruding sections along the rear side of the tooth and which are susceptible cause the tooth to break due to buckling or deforming are thus substantially avoided.
  • the areas within the contours, i.e. their cross-sectional areas, increase from the top of the tooth towards the first section, so that the strength of the tooth in a direction transverse to the cutting edge increases from the top to the bottom of the second section of the tooth.
  • the weakest portion of the tooth in direction transvers to the cutting edge thus remains substantially at the top of the tooth This results in predicable and gradual wear of the tooth from the top to the bottom of the second section, even if the cutting edge suddenly hits a particularly hard material. It is noted that though all points of the forward facing edge may become part of the cutting edge as the tooth wears down, in general only those parts of the forward facing which at or near the top of the tooth form part of the cutting edge during use, and the cutting edge extends non-parallel to the forward facing edge.
  • the cutting angle of the tooth remains substantially constant as the tooth is worn down.
  • the invention provides a cutter head for an excavating device, comprising: at least one blade with a top side and a recess in said top side, said recess having an inner surface; a tool; a tool holder adapted for holding said tool and comprising a wall extending from said top side at least partially into the recess, said wall having a first side which at least partially abuts the inner surface of the recess; wherein said wall further comprises a second side opposite from said first side and comprising one or more engagement surfaces arranged at or near the top side at least partially within the recess; wherein said tool comprises: a first section comprising a shaft which extends into the recess; a second section which protrudes in a direction away from the blade and said top side and comprising a cutting edge; and an intermediate section between the first section and the second section, said intermediate section and comprising one or more outer contact surfaces, each adapted for engagement with a corresponding engagement surface of the wall.
  • a connector may be provided, e.g. comprising a bolt connector, and/or a clamping mechanism. Additionally or alternatively, a portion of the shaft may be clamped within the recess.
  • the tool can be held by the holder without being axially supported by the top side of the blade.
  • the tool can be constructed free from axial support structures, such as wings or the like, for directly or indirectly axially supporting the tool on the top side of the blade. That is, neither the tool nor the tool holder needs to be provided with such axial support structures for axially supporting the tool on the top side of the blade. It will be appreciated that a tool and tool holder without such axial support structures require less material than a tool and tool holder which do have such axial support structures.
  • the resulting tool and tool holder typically weigh less than a tool and tool holding which do have such axial support structures, and are therefore more ergonomical in use.
  • the tool holder is adapted to be used with a blade having a top side that is not completely smooth and/or planar. The need for planing the top side of the blade, at least where the tool holder covers said top side, to within precise specifications is thus often reduced.
  • the tool holder may be adapted to extend with a portion thereof which is substantially parallel to the top side of the blade, at a distance of between 0 and 1 cm, preferably at a distance of at least 0,4 cm. Besides holding the tool, the tool holder also protects that portion of the top side of the blade over which it extends from material, such as rock or sand, that has been excavated by the cutter head.
  • the tool holder which may consist of only the wall, thus serves a dual purpose of holding the tool and preventing damage to the top side of the blade from which the tool protrudes.
  • the one or more outer contact surfaces and corresponding engagement surfaces together are adapted for making sliding contact with each other and aligning the tool in the tool holder when the shaft of the tool is being urged into the recess.
  • the tool may be urged into the recess by means of a connector, and/or during use when a force exerted on the cutting edge of the tool has a component which urges the tool into the recess.
  • the outer contact surfaces of the tool holder and the engagement surfaces of the tool thus provide a self-tightening fit. Besides urging the tool into the recess, no further alignment needs to be carried out for correctly positioning the tool in the holder.
  • the one or more outer contact surfaces and corresponding engagement surfaces are parallel surfaces which taper toward the bottom of the recess, preferably wherein said parallel surfaces extend at angle of between 10 and 35 degrees relative to the top side, more preferably at an angle of 17,5 degrees.
  • the outer contact surfaces of the tool and the corresponding engagement surfaces cause the tool to align within the holder when the tool is urged into the recess, e.g. due to gravity and/or by means of a connector attached to the tool and the blade which urges the tool into the recess.
  • the tool comprises at least 3 planar outer contact surfaces, more preferably 4 planar outer contact surfaces, all facing away from each other.
  • said one or more outer contact surfaces are adapted for engagement with their corresponding engagement surfaces substantially without play when the tool is urged into the recess.
  • the shaft has a circumferential outer surface which is spaced apart from the wall and from the inner surface of the recess along a greater part the longitudinal axis of said shaft.
  • a gap of between 5-15 mm or more, on all sides between the circumferential outer surface of the shaft and the wall and/or the inner surface of the recess.
  • the said shaft at its distal end, comprises a bevelled edge for facilitating insertion of the distal end into the recess.
  • the shaft has a longitudinal axis which intersects an end surface of the shaft, wherein said end surface is spaced apart from the wall and from the inner surface of the recess along the longitudinal axis.
  • the shaft extends into the recess with some play. This prevents the inner surface of the recess and/or the wall from clamping against the outer circumferential surface of the shaft when the shaft is urged into the recess.
  • some play may be formed by a gap at least 0,4 mm, preferably at least 0,5 mm, between the circumferential outer surface of the shaft and the wall and/or inner surface of the recess when seen in cross-section through a plane which contains the longitudinal axis of the shaft, at least on one side of said plane.
  • the wall extends along the entire length of the shaft into the recess, with its first side abutting the inner surface of the recess.
  • the wall thus protects the inner surface of the recess in the blade from contact with the shaft along the length of the shaft.
  • the blade is typically made from a softer material than the wall, and the wall in turn is generally made from a softer material than the tool.
  • the tool is formed as a monolithic unit, preferably a cast-iron or cast- steel monolithic unit. This provides high structural strength to the tool.
  • the tool has an elongate shape, with the first section and/or the second section continuously tapering to the intermediate section.
  • the second section when projected on an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second section, the second section has a length of at least one third the total length of tool, preferably at least half of said total length.
  • said wall has a substantially uniform thickness, at least within the recess.
  • the wall has a substantially uniform thickness, i.e. closest distance between its first side and its second side through the material of the wall, over substantially the entire surface of the wall.
  • the wall of the tool holder, and even the entire tool holder may thus be made or, or consist of from a metal plate that has been shaped to fit the recess and accommodate the shaft and intermediate section of the tool.
  • said wall is folded about an edge of the blade at a location spaced apart from said recess.
  • the wall is folded about two opposing edges of the blade which are spaced apart from the recess. The wall thus helps to protect the top side of the blade from material that is excavated during use.
  • the shaft at its outer circumferential surface at a portion near its distal end, is spaced apart from the second side of the wall by a first distance of between 0,2 mm and 0,8 mm, preferably 0,5 mm, on at least one side of a plane which contains the longitudinal axis of the shaft. This again facilitates removal of the tool from the tool holder while at the same time limiting movement of the shaft in a plane transverse to its longitudinal direction.
  • the shaft at its outer circumference between the intermediate portion and said portion near its distal end, is circumferentially spaced apart from the second side of the wall by second distance greater than said first distance, wherein said second distance preferably is at least 0,9 mm, more preferably at least 1 ,5 cm. It is thus ensured that the shaft is spaced apart from the wall along the length of the shaft from the intermediate section to said portion near the distal end.
  • the shafts extends through a through-opening in said wall, wherein at the bottom of the recess a bush is provided having an outer surface abutting the inner surface of the recess, wherein the distal end of said shaft is received in said bush with some play.
  • some play may be formed by a gap at least 0,2 mm, preferably at least 0,5 mm, more preferably at least 1 mm, between the circumferential outer surface of the distal end of the shaft and the bush when seen in cross-section through a plane which contains the longitudinal axis of the shaft, at least on one side of said plane.
  • the distal end of the shaft has a cylindrical outer surface with a first diameter, e.g.
  • the bush may have a cylindrical inner diameter which is greater by at least 1 mm, e.g. equal to 51 mm.
  • all contact faces of the tooth thus lie against either the bush or the tool holder, and the tooth may remain completely spaced apart from the recess.
  • the tool is not axially supported on the top side and/or the second section of said tool is completely spaced apart from said blade and from the tool holder.
  • substantially no force is exerted by the tool on top side of the blade in a direction from the second section towards the first section.
  • the top side around said recess extends in a first plane, wherein the cross-sectional area of said intermediate section in the first plane is smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the recess in said first plane, and greater than any cross-sectional area of the second section in planes parallel to said first plane.
  • the second section of the tool which extends on a side of the first plane facing away from the blade, can thus be of a simple and lightweight construction.
  • the second section may be formed in such a manner that, when during use a force is applied on the cutting edge of the tool, stress within the second section is highest at the point where the force is applied and decreases gradually and substantially continuously in a direction along the longitudinal axis of the second section away from said edge.
  • the skilled person may check whether this is the case for instance using finite element analysis in which it is simulated that a force is applied to the cutting edge of the tool while tool is held in place at its outer contact surfaces.
  • the stress within the second section is generally highest closest to the cutting edge. Consequently, when the stress is greater than the second section can withstand, only a small portion of the second section that is close to the edge will typically break off.
  • the tool thus needs to be replaced less often, and the moment at which the tool should be replaced is more predictable, than when a tool is used which is directly or indirectly axially supported on the top surface of a blade.
  • the cross-sectional areas of the second section are substantially continuously smooth along their circumference, e.g. have an ellipsoid shape or other shape free from sharp corners, possibly except at the cutting edge. If a second section is formed in this manner and a force is applied to the cutting edge during use, stress with the second section may be substantially gradually distributed over the second section, with the stress being the greatest closest to the edge, and reducing proportional to a distance from the edge.
  • each of said one or more engagement surfaces is substantially parallel to and oppositely facing from its corresponding contact surface.
  • the cutter head further comprising a connector adapted for removably connecting the tool via said tool holder to the blade.
  • a connector adapted for removably connecting the tool via said tool holder to the blade.
  • the connector preferably comprises a biasing member, e.g. a spring and/or a member made from an elastically deformable plastic or rubber, arranged for urging the tool into the recess when connecting the tool to the blade.
  • a biasing member e.g. a spring and/or a member made from an elastically deformable plastic or rubber, arranged for urging the tool into the recess when connecting the tool to the blade.
  • the parallel planes extend at an angle of between 7 and 12 degrees to the top side. This provides an efficient cutting angle for the tooth.
  • said elongated outer contours are smooth oval-shaped, preferably ellipse-shaped.
  • Such a shape has been found to result in a particularly effective cutting edge for the tooth wherein stress on the edge is evenly distributed along the edge.
  • a tooth having a second section with such a shape may be manufactured by casting steel to the desired shape, requiring no or only litter further machining of the second section.
  • the forward facing portions of the contours lie along an oval segment, and the rear facing portions may have another shape, e.g. part polygonal, which maintains the convexity of the contour.
  • the elongated outer contours are substantially hexagon-shaped, the hexagon shape having two sides each extending along at least 80% of the major axis and parallel to the major axis.
  • length of the major axis of each contour has a length which is at least two times the length of perpendicular bisector of said major axis. The relatively large amount of material rearward of the cutting edge provided structural integrity to the tooth.
  • the contours have similar shapes. Preferably, the contours differ only in size.
  • the tool comprises a rear leg, the tool holder comprising a cavity designed to receive the leg during interaction with the first section and, thus, achieve a common joint for the absorption arising forces through a predetermined connection geometry comprising opposed, mutually interacting contact surfaces and, at least initially, clearance surfaces that are arranged along the first section and tool holder, wherein the rear leg and cavity, along at least a front part of said joint have a multi-armed, cruciform, cross section comprising projection arms, and grooves each interacting with a projection arm and wherein a connector is arranged at the cavity's rear part for achieving a tightening and adjustable pretensioning of the first section in relation to the tool holder essentially axially along the cavity's longitudinal symmetry axis Y; wherein the projection arms comprise at least one essentially vertically arranged arm or heel and two, theretoward essentially lateral, wing portions which are comprised in the first section; and wherein contact zones fortransverse force absorption, as well as that of torques resultant therefrom
  • the tool holder is identical to the tool holder as described in US 2007/0245602 A1 , hereby incorporated by reference, and the cruciform cross- section of the leg includes the heel and wings, as well as the second section of the tool.
  • Such a cruciform cross-section provides a strong joint between the tooth and the tool holder, while the improved shape of the second section may provide more gradual and predictable wear of the tooth.
  • the present invention provides a tool for a cutter head, preferably a cutter head as described herein, said tool having an elongate shape and comprising: a first section with a shaft to be accommodated in a recess of a blade of the cutter head and/or in a tool holder that is arranged on the blade; a second section which protrudes in a direction away from the shaft and comprising a cutting edge; and an intermediate section between the first section and the second section, preferably wherein the second section has a substantially straight forward facing edge and comprises elongated convex cross-sectional outer contours in parallel planes, each outer contour having a most forward point, said most forward point coinciding with the forward facing edge and with a major axis of the contour, wherein the area of each of said contours having its most forward point at a first distance from the first section is greater than the areas of each of the contours having their most forward point at a second, larger, distance from the first section, and wherein said forward facing edge extend
  • the cutting edge is spaced apart from the longitudinal axis of the second section. During cutting the material to the rear of the forward facing edge thus provides structural integrity to the second section.
  • the intermediate section comprises one or more outer contact surfaces, each adapted for substantially completely supporting said tool on the blade at a position in the recess, and without substantially axially supporting the tool on said top side of the blade.
  • the tool holder at least on the top side of the blade, can be of a light weight construction.
  • the one or more outer contact surface comprises sides which taper towards said first section and which coincide with the sides of a frustum, preferably a convex frustum such as non-right circular frustum, an ellipsoid frustum or a frustum with a convex polygonal base, more preferably a frustum having a triangular base.
  • a convex frustum such as non-right circular frustum, an ellipsoid frustum or a frustum with a convex polygonal base, more preferably a frustum having a triangular base.
  • the size of the outer contour of said outer contact surface decreases along said longitudinal axis towards the distal end of the second section.
  • the area of the cross-section through a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the first section at a level of the intermediate section proximate to the second section is larger than at a level of the intermediate section proximate to the first section.
  • the present invention provides a method of attaching an elongated tool to a blade of a cutter head wherein said blade is provided with a recess in a top side of the blade, the method comprising: from the top side of the blade, inserting said tool through a tool holder into the recess of said blade in such a manner that a first section of said tool extends into said recess and a second section of said tool protrudes away from said supporting surface and away from the recess; and from the top side of the blade, fixing said tool to said blade by connecting a connecting member to said second section and to said blade.
  • the blade is a blade of a cutter head as described herein
  • the tool is a tool as described herein.
  • Fixing the tool to the blade may also comprise fixing the tool holder to the blade, as the tool holder is effectively clamped between the intermediate section of the tool and the blade when the tool is urged into the recess.
  • the tool holder comprises, or consists of, a wall which extends at least partially into the recess and/or a bush at the bottom of the recess adapted for accommodating a distal end of the shaft therein, wherein said shaft is surrounded by said tool holder and/or said bush with some play and in such a manner that the tool remains spaced apart from the inner surface of the recess.
  • the present invention provides a blade of a cutter head for an excavating device, wherein the blade is a blade as described herein and is provided with a tool holder and tool as described herein.
  • Figs. 1A and 1 B schematically show respectively a prior art tooth system, and a cutter head, comprising such a tooth system;
  • Fig. 2A, 2B, and 2C, 2D respectively show a cross-sectional view of a blade of a cutter head according to the present invention, and an exploded view and two details thereof;
  • Figs. 3A and 3B respectively show a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a blade of a cutter head according to the present invention, and an exploded view thereof;
  • Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a blade of a cutter head according to the invention
  • Figs. 5A and 5B show an isometric view of a tool and tool holder according to said second embodiment
  • Figs. 6A and 6B show an isometric view and a side view of a tooth according to the present invention.
  • Figs. 7A-7B respectively show a top view of a tooth according to the invention, and a side view of the same tooth which illustrates the how the tooth may break during use,
  • Figs. 7C - 7E respectively show areas of the outer contours of the tooth through planes
  • Figs. 8A-8B respectively show an isometric view and a side view of a tooth according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 8C - 8E respectively show areas of the outer contours of the tooth through planes
  • Figs. 9A-9D show a further embodiment of the present invention, in which a connector is shown which locks the tool into place with respect to the blade.
  • Figs. 1A and 1 B schematically shows a prior art tooth system 301 arranged on a cutter head 302 of a dredger cutter 303.
  • the tooth system 301 comprises two main connection parts in the form of a holder 304 and a wear tooth 305 that together form a unified an assembled tooth system.
  • the cutter head 302, which is arranged to rotate around its heartline C, comprises a number of helical blades 306, which protrude from a rotational central hub 307 and backwards in the direction of feed of the cutter head 302 to a uniting back ring forming a rotation body 309.
  • a suction device 31 1 may be arranged for removal of loosened earthen masses through an intermediary area or trough 312 that is arranged between the helically shaped blades 306.
  • the holders 304 are suitably fastened to the blade, e.g. with a weld joint or screw fastener, and, as can be seen in Fig. 1A, each wear tooth is supported by a corresponding holder and fixed thereto at a side of the holder facing away from the blade 306.
  • a tooth can be replaced, e.g. when worn down, by loosening it from the holder and subsequently fixing another tooth to the holder.
  • the holder has the dual function of keeping the tooth fixed in place on the blade, and protecting the blade from material, such as sand and rock, that has been cut by the teeth.
  • the holder itself is also subject to wear, and may eventually have to be replaced as well, though at a lower rate than the rate of replacement of the teeth.
  • Figs. 2A and 2B schematically show respectively a cross-sectional view of a blade 10 of a cutter head 1 according to the present invention, and an exploded view thereof.
  • Figs. 2C and 2D show details of sections ll-C and ll-D of Fig. 2A.
  • the blade 10 which may take the place of any of the blades 306 in the cutter head 303 of Fig. 1 B, has a top side 1 1 which is outwardly directed, i.e. faces away from the blade rather than towards it, and during use of the cutter head faces towards the material, e.g. rock or sand, that is to be excavated.
  • a recess 13 having a circumferential inner surface 14 is provided in the top side 1 1 and extends from said top side into the blade.
  • the wall 23 which extends from the top side 1 1 into the recess 13, is provided for holding a tool 40, here in the form of a tooth.
  • the wall 23, which may be formed from a sheet of metal having a thickness of between 0,3 cm and 2,5 cm, preferably about 1 ,5 cm, has a first side
  • the wall comprises 23 an engagement surface 24 which is adapted for engaging an outer contact surface of the tooth.
  • the wall 23 is made from a material which has a higher hardness than the material of the blade.
  • the tooth 40 is made from a material which has a higher hardness than the material of both the blade and the wall 23.
  • ASTM E10-15a Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
  • digital object identifier 10.1520/E0010-15A A suitable test method for determining the hardness of the blade, wall and tooth is described in ASTM E10-15a "Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials", with digital object identifier 10.1520/E0010-15A.
  • the wall protects the blade from material that is excavated, e.g. sand or rock, as well as from the tool itself.
  • the wall the top side 1 1 , along circumferential inner surface 14 of the recess to a bottom end 15 of the recess 1 1 .
  • a first side 21 of the wall 23 at least partially abuts the inner surface 14 of the recess, and a second side 22 of the wall remains spaced apart from the inner surface 14 by at least the thickness d1 of the wall 23, which thickness is substantially uniform across the entire wall.
  • the first side 21 of the wall lies across the top side 1 1 and, at least with a portion which extends substantially parallel to the top side, is substantially spaced apart a distance hi of between 0,4 and 1 ,2 cm therefrom, as shown in Fig. 2C.
  • the top side of the blade may thus be produced, e.g.
  • the wall 23 protects the top side of the blade 10 from being worn down by rock and stone excavated by the cutter head.
  • the wall extends at least from an edge between a front side 16 and the top side 1 1 of the blade, across the top side 1 1 , to an edge between a back side 17 and the top side of the blade 10. Damage to and wear of the top side of the blade, at least in the vicinity of the tooth, is in this manner substantially prevented.
  • Fig. 2A shows the tool 40 as it is urged into the recess 13, e.g. using a connector 280 as shown in Fig. 7A. In this position, the tool presses the tool holder 20 into the recess, keeping the tool holder in place relative to the blade 10.
  • the exploded view of Fig. 2B illustrates how both the tool and tool holder may easily be replaced when the tool 40 is no longer being urged into the recess.
  • the tool holder 20 is no longer held in place thereby and can also be removed from the recess as well.
  • the tool will need to be replaced more often than the tool holder, so that it is not always necessary to remove the tool holder together with the tool.
  • section ll-C in Fig. 2C shows a portion of the wall 23 with an engagement surface 24 as well as the intermediate section 70 of the tool 40 with a corresponding contact surface 74.
  • the detail shown of section ll-D shown in Fig. 2D shows that a portion 52 near the distal end of the shaft 51 lies against the second side 22 of the wall of the tool holder 20 at one side of a plane which contains the longitudinal axis L of the shaft 51 , whereas at the other side of said plane the portion 52 is spaced apart from the wall by a distance d3.
  • the remaining portion of the shaft 51 which extends from just below intermediate section 70 to the distal end portion 52, is completely spaced apart from the wall 23.
  • the remaining portion of the shaft is spaced apart from the wall by a distance d2, which is greater than d3.
  • the distance between the first side 21 and the second side of the wall, i.e. the thickness of the wall, d1 is about 1 ,5 cm.
  • Figs. 3A and 3B show a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the blade 10 and tool 40 are the same as in Figs. 2A-2D, but a different tool holder 120 is shown, having a wall 123 with a first side 121 and a second side 122, and which extends only partially into the recess.
  • the wall 123 is provided with a through-opening 126 through which the tool 40 extends into the recess 13.
  • a bush 160 is provided, which is clamped in the recess.
  • the bush 160 is adapted for receiving the distal end of the shaft 51 therein with some play.
  • the shaft 51 is spaced apart from the inner circumference 14 along a substantial part of its length.
  • the wall 123, in particular engagement surfaces 124 thereof, and the bush together prevent the shaft from contacting the blade.
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows a longitudinal sectional view through a blade 10 with a number of recesses 15 in which a corresponding number of tools extend with their respective shafts.
  • the blade will typically have a helical shape, as is known in the art.
  • Both tool holders 20 of the first embodiment and tool holders 120 are shown used on the same blade.
  • the tool holders 20 and 120 of neighboring tools on a blade together form a substantially contiguous surface on the top side 1 1 of the blade 10, so that the top side of the blade may be substantially fully covered.
  • Figs. 5A and 5B respectively show an isometric view of a tool holder 120 according to the second embodiment, and a cross sectional view thereof.
  • the outer contact surfaces 74 of the tool in conjunction with the engagement surfaces 74 of the tool holder, provide a form of self-alignment of the tool when it is urged into the recess.
  • Figs. 6A and 6B show a view of a tool 40 according to the invention.
  • the tool comprises a first section 50, with a substantially conically shaped shaft 51 having a longitudinal axis L.
  • the shaft is provided with a cylindrical portion to be accommodated with some play either within the wall at the bottom end of the recess or a bush.
  • a bevelled circumferential edge 53 is provided to facilitate insertion of the shaft into the bottom part of the wall or into the bush.
  • the second section 60 which comprises the cutting edge, continuously decreases in circumferential area when viewed in planes normal to the longitudinal axis M of the second section in a direction away from the intermediate section 70.
  • Each such circumferential area has a smooth contour, with the possible exception at the cutting edge 61 .
  • the cutting edge 61 which is part-oval shaped, comprises a point of forward facing edge 65 of the second section.
  • the forward facing edge faces in the direction the tooth is moved to cut a material, such as sand or rock. During cutting, any time a portion of the second section breaks off a new cutting edge will thus be formed which also comprises a point of the forward facing edge.
  • the tool 40 is free from additional structures such as axial support structures for supporting the tool on the top surface of the blade and which may affect the distribution of stress within the tool. Consequently, when a force is exerted on the cutting edge when the tool is mounted in the blade, stress within the second section decreases substantially continuously with the distance from the cutting edge over the entire second section. This in turn causes the second section to wear gracefully and predictably during use.
  • Fig. 7A shows a top view of a tooth 740 according to the invention, similar to any one of the teeth according to the invention as described earlier herein, and comprising a first section 750, a second section 760 and an intermediate section 770 therebetween.
  • the top 767 surface of the tooth is visible, which has an oval outer contour 762 and has a most forward point 763. This point 763, together with a portion of the outer contour 762 initially forms part of the cutting edge 761 of the tooth.
  • Fig. 7B illustrates where such a cutting force Fc will be applied.
  • a portion 764 may break off from the second section 760. Once portion 764 has broken off, point 763' will be the most forward facing point and the cutting edge will include this point 763'. Portions of the tooth may thus break off, and each time a portion has broken off, the new cutting edge will include a most forward point along straight forward facing edge 765 of the tooth's second section 760.
  • the tooth is designed such that the most likely position for a portion of the tooth to break off is near the top of the tooth.
  • the moment on point 763 is about equal to the cutting force Fc times the distance X between said point and the top side of the blade, which is greater than the moment on point 763' which is about equal to the cutting force Fc' times the distance X' between said point and the top side of the blade.
  • the tooth is more likely to break near the top of the second section, as the moment exerted thereon is greater than at a point closer to the first section.
  • the tooth can used be until its forward facing straight edge 765 has been substantially completely worn down.
  • the wear planes of the tooth lie at an angle ⁇ of about 9 degrees to the top side of the blade.
  • the forward facing edge 765 is at an angle a of about 72 degrees to the planes in which the tooth wears during use. Angle ⁇ between line A that is perpendicular to the heartline of the cutter head and the forward facing edge 765 is about 17 degrees.
  • Figs. 7C-7E schematically show cross-sections through parallel planes Vll-C to Vll-E of Fig.
  • Fig 7B shows that the outer contours are of a similar oval shape, and the respective most forward points 763", 763"', and 763"" all lie on the forward facing edge 765 of the tooth.
  • Fig 7D shows that the major axis B of the oval shape is more than twice as large as the perpendicular bisector thereof.
  • Figs. 8A and 8B shows an isometric view and a side view of another embodiment of a tooth 840 according to the present invention, having a first section 850, a second section 860 and an intermediate section 870 therebetween.
  • the first section comprises a leg with wings 851 , 852 and a heel 853, and together with the intermediate section 870 has a cruciform cross-section.
  • the second section 870 has outer contours with a substantially hexagonal shape, as shown in Figs. 8C- 8E which show cross-sectional views through parallel planes VIIIC - VINE of Fig. 8B.
  • each of the outer contours includes a portion of the forward facing edge 865 of the first section, and that the hexagon shape has two parallel relatively long sides 867 each of which is longer than any of the other sides of the hexagon shape and in particular are longer than two sides 868 of the hexagonal shape which connect along the forward facing edge 865.
  • Figs. 9A and 9B respectively show a top view of a blade 10 of a cutter head according to the invention, and a cross-sectional view thereof along plane IX-B.
  • a tool holder 220 On top of the blade 10, a tool holder 220 is arranged, which extends partially into a recess 13 in the blade.
  • the tool holder 220 holds a tool 240, in the form of a tooth, which is urged into portion 219a of the recess 13 by a connector 280.
  • the connector comprises a bolt 281 which extends through an attachment arm 258 in the first section 250 of the tool 240, and through a corresponding attachment arm 18 of the blade 10 and which protrudes into the recess 13.
  • a spring 282 continuously urges the tool 240 into the recess 13.
  • Fig. 9A shows the tool 260 arranged on four engagement surfaces 224a - 224d of the wall 223. These surfaces taper into the recess 13 and cooperate with four corresponding outer contact surfaces to align the tool with respect to the tool holder 220.
  • FIG. 9C shows the four corresponding outer contact surfaces 274a - 274d in dotted lines, as these surfaces are hidden from view by the top of the intermediate section 270 of the tool 240.
  • the four outer contact surfaces correspond to the sides of a rectangular frustum which tapers towards the first section 250 of the tool.
  • Each of the contact surfaces is a planar surface at an angle of about 1 ,5 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis M of the second section of the tool 240.
  • Figs. 9C and 9D show top views of the tool 260 and of a portion of the tool holder 220.
  • Opposing sides 225 and 226 of the tool's intermediate section are spaced apart from both the 223 wall and the blade 10, as is apparent from Fig. 9B.
  • Side 225 merges into outer contact surfaces 224a and 224d
  • side 226 merges into outer contact surfaces 224b and 224c.
  • portion 219a in the recess the recess also comprises a portion 219, which optionally be also be provided with an attachment arm (not shown). This optional attachment arm allows the for easily rotating the cutting edge of the tool by 180 degrees.
  • the present invention provides an cutter head with a blade that is provided with a recess, and a tool which can be inserted in said recess in the blade through a tool holder in such a manner that the tool is completely spaced apart from the blade.
  • the tool holder is preferably formed from a sheet of metal having a substantially uniform thickness.
  • the tool itself which is preferably an elongated tool, is not axially supported on the top side of the blade, but instead is supported, via the tool holder, on the inner surface of the recess in the blade.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une tête de coupe ayant une lame qui est pourvue d'un évidement, et un outil qui peut être inséré dans ledit évidement dans la lame à travers un porte-outil de telle manière que l'outil soit complètement espacé de la lame. Le porte-outil est, de préférence, formé à partir d'une feuille de métal ayant une épaisseur sensiblement uniforme. L'outil lui-même, qui est, de préférence, un outil allongé, n'est pas supporté axialement sur le côté supérieur de la lame mais est supporté, par le biais du porte-outil, sur la surface interne de l'évidement dans la lame. L'invention porte en outre sur un outil et sur un procédé de fixation d'un tel outil à une lame d'une tête de coupe.
PCT/NL2017/050711 2017-02-07 2017-11-03 Tête de coupe et système d'outil Ceased WO2018147724A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17155061.9 2017-02-07
EP17155061.9A EP3358089A1 (fr) 2017-02-07 2017-02-07 Tête de coupe et système denté

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018147724A1 true WO2018147724A1 (fr) 2018-08-16

Family

ID=58009690

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NL2017/050711 Ceased WO2018147724A1 (fr) 2017-02-07 2017-11-03 Tête de coupe et système d'outil

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3358089A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018147724A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020153154A (ja) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-24 日立建機株式会社 油圧ショベルのバケット用ツース部材の間隙調整体
AU2021105198B4 (en) * 2021-08-10 2022-09-22 Joel Beck A cutting tool holding arrangement for a coal shearer drum tool holder and method of utilisation thereof

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1104924A (en) * 1963-09-27 1968-03-06 Padley & Venables Ltd Improvements in or relating to mining pick securing means
GB2055434A (en) * 1979-07-27 1981-03-04 Hall & Pickles Ltd A retention seal for mineral cutter picks and boxes
AU5858880A (en) 1980-05-20 1981-11-26 Kennametal Inc. Mining cutter
US4642920A (en) 1984-12-06 1987-02-17 Lehnhoff Hartstahl Gmbh & Co. Digger tooth arrangement
US4678238A (en) 1986-03-17 1987-07-07 Fansteel Inc. Coolant sleeve for mining tools
GB2196669A (en) 1986-10-21 1988-05-05 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Improvements in cutter-bit assemblies
GB2207691A (en) * 1987-07-20 1989-02-08 Sandvik Rock Tools Ltd Cutter picks
WO1992019822A1 (fr) * 1991-05-07 1992-11-12 Magotteaux International S.A. Ensemble dent/porte-dent destine a des tetes de fraisage
WO2000034626A1 (fr) 1998-12-08 2000-06-15 Genesis Mining Technologies Limited Dispositif de coupe
US20070245602A1 (en) 2003-07-11 2007-10-25 Combi Wear Parts Ab Tooth System

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA962246B (en) * 1995-03-24 1996-07-26 Sasol Mining Proprietary Limit Pick box assembly

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1104924A (en) * 1963-09-27 1968-03-06 Padley & Venables Ltd Improvements in or relating to mining pick securing means
GB2055434A (en) * 1979-07-27 1981-03-04 Hall & Pickles Ltd A retention seal for mineral cutter picks and boxes
AU5858880A (en) 1980-05-20 1981-11-26 Kennametal Inc. Mining cutter
US4642920A (en) 1984-12-06 1987-02-17 Lehnhoff Hartstahl Gmbh & Co. Digger tooth arrangement
US4678238A (en) 1986-03-17 1987-07-07 Fansteel Inc. Coolant sleeve for mining tools
GB2196669A (en) 1986-10-21 1988-05-05 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Improvements in cutter-bit assemblies
GB2207691A (en) * 1987-07-20 1989-02-08 Sandvik Rock Tools Ltd Cutter picks
WO1992019822A1 (fr) * 1991-05-07 1992-11-12 Magotteaux International S.A. Ensemble dent/porte-dent destine a des tetes de fraisage
WO2000034626A1 (fr) 1998-12-08 2000-06-15 Genesis Mining Technologies Limited Dispositif de coupe
US20070245602A1 (en) 2003-07-11 2007-10-25 Combi Wear Parts Ab Tooth System

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020153154A (ja) * 2019-03-20 2020-09-24 日立建機株式会社 油圧ショベルのバケット用ツース部材の間隙調整体
JP6995074B2 (ja) 2019-03-20 2022-01-14 日立建機株式会社 油圧ショベルのバケット用ツース部材の間隙調整体
AU2021105198B4 (en) * 2021-08-10 2022-09-22 Joel Beck A cutting tool holding arrangement for a coal shearer drum tool holder and method of utilisation thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3358089A1 (fr) 2018-08-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP6970713B2 (ja) 磨耗アッセンブリ
AU2009217468B2 (en) Releasable coupling assembly
CA2519984C (fr) Ensemble d'accouplement detachable
CN1849428B (zh) 齿系统
CN103827407B (zh) 地面接合耐磨部件和机械附连装置
US6839990B2 (en) Excavator teeth
EP1038621A2 (fr) Assemblage de dent de coupe
TR201909959T4 (tr) Kazı ekipmanı için aşınma tertibatı.
CN101910525A (zh) 土工作业辊的辊齿
HU202599B (en) Ballast hammer for line-packing machines
JP2015529292A (ja) 工具ホルダ用のロック
US4446927A (en) Ground penetrating tool for farm implement shanks
WO2018147724A1 (fr) Tête de coupe et système d'outil
AU2008202887B2 (en) Cutting Tool for use with a Stump Cutting Apparatus
CN104662233B (zh) 用于疏浚机的刀具和刀夹
GB2113177A (en) Bit and block assembly
AU2002301249B2 (en) Excavator teeth
AU2013202228B2 (en) Releasable coupling assembly
EA040916B1 (ru) Износостойкий узел
AU2012202506A1 (en) Releasable coupling assembly

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 17817217

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 17817217

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1