WO2019059222A1 - 熱可塑性樹脂組成物およびこれを用いてなる成形品 - Google Patents
熱可塑性樹脂組成物およびこれを用いてなる成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019059222A1 WO2019059222A1 PCT/JP2018/034606 JP2018034606W WO2019059222A1 WO 2019059222 A1 WO2019059222 A1 WO 2019059222A1 JP 2018034606 W JP2018034606 W JP 2018034606W WO 2019059222 A1 WO2019059222 A1 WO 2019059222A1
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F10/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
- C08F10/06—Propene
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/10—Metal compounds
- C08K3/105—Compounds containing metals of Groups 1 to 3 or of Groups 11 to 13 of the Periodic Table
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
- C08L2207/07—Long chain branching
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin composition and a molded article obtained by using the same.
- a sheet-like material is formed from a thermoplastic resin composition in which a thermoplastic resin and an inorganic filler are mixed to form a synthetic paper (hereinafter sometimes referred to simply as "sheet mode").
- sheet mode a synthetic paper
- various studies have been conventionally made on a technique for obtaining a higher quality sheet as a sheet made of a resin composition in which such an inorganic filler is highly blended.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a composition comprising about 43 wt% to about 18 wt% polyethylene, 56 wt% to 80 wt% inorganic mineral powder, and about 1 wt% to about 2 wt% additives. These are mixed, extruded, pelletized, parison-formed, blow-formed into a sheet, and simultaneously stretched by a tension roller and stretched in two axial directions, so that the polyethylene based on the environment containing a high content of inorganic mineral powder Synthetic paper has been proposed.
- patent document 2 while having a predetermined
- Patent Document 3 in a resin sheet for processing in which such an inorganic filler is highly blended, the specific gravity is made to be within a predetermined range by adjusting the degree of stretching, and the water absorption is within the predetermined range. It has been proposed to provide a processing resin sheet capable of efficiently applying or depositing a processing material on the surface of a resin sheet at low cost and efficiently bonding the laminated layers firmly.
- the techniques disclosed in these Patent Documents 1 to 3 are mainly obtained by adjusting the physical conditions and the like in the process of processing the sheet to obtain a high blending ratio of the inorganic filler to the thermoplastic resin. It is intended to improve the strength, smoothness and the like.
- thermoplastic resin composition which mix
- Another aspect (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "coating aspect") of forming a thin film of the above, that is, a coating lacking in self-supporting property, and obtaining a sheet-like composite is also known from the prior art.
- the coating aspect is to impart properties such as printability, opacity, and surface texture modification to the substrate surface by the coating of the inorganic filler-containing thermoplastic resin composition.
- thermoplastic resin composition used for such a coating aspect 1 to 900 parts by weight of a filler is contained as a main component to 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin having a long chain branching index of 0.35 to 0.70.
- the mixing ratio of the thermoplastic resin composition or the polypropylene and the low density polyethylene having long chain branching is 95: 5 to 70:30 in weight ratio, and the melt tension (melt tension) is 0.1 to 3.0 g
- Patent Document 4 proposes a thermoplastic resin composition in which 1 to 900 parts by weight of a filler is contained with respect to 100 parts by weight of a thermoplastic resin having a melt flow rate (230 ° C.) of 10 to 50 g / 10 minutes. .
- melt coating treatment is carried out at a relatively high temperature where surface oxidation of the resin occurs, but the inorganic filling is carried out.
- Melt-coating of materials with high compounding at high temperatures causes problems such as foaming, making molding difficult, stains on the die lip of the molding machine, and streaks on the product surface.
- Document 4 attempts to use the above resin composition to improve the draw down of the resin composition to enable coating at low temperatures.
- a temperature of about 180 ° C. to 200 ° C. is used as a toner fixing temperature, but the thermoplastic resin composition containing a large amount of the above-mentioned inorganic filler has a melting point like general-purpose polyethylene and polypropylene.
- the device may not actually smoothly convey the sheet in the apparatus even if the time for the substrate to actually sense the temperature is very short. There is a concern that problems such as melting of the substrate may occur inside.
- the cause of the occurrence of the above-described conveyance failure may be the occurrence of elongation due to partial heating of the sheet.
- thermoplastic resin composition used for a coating aspect as above-mentioned in patent document 4, it has polyethylene with a long chain branching index 0.35-0.70 as a resin component, or a polypropylene and long chain branching. It has been proposed to improve the flowability and laminate adhesion in extrusion lamination at low temperatures by using a mixture of 95: 5 to 70:30 in weight ratio to the low density polyethylene, etc. Application of such compositions to the sheet embodiment may also be considered.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and a thermoplastic resin capable of forming a sheet which does not cause a transport failure in an apparatus having a heat setting step even if it contains a large amount of inorganic filler
- An object of the present invention is to provide a composition and a molded article such as a sheet using the same.
- the present invention is also a thermoplastic resin composition which is excellent in drawdown properties upon heating and melting, resin spreadability, and can be molded into various forms with good properties, even if it contains many inorganic fillers.
- Another object is to provide a molded article using the same.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermoplastic resin composition excellent in heat resistance and flame retardancy, and a molded article using the same.
- thermoplastic resin composition containing a thermoplastic resin and an inorganic filler, in an apparatus having a heat setting process such as a laser printer. It has been found that the transportability of the sheet is highly correlated with the improvement of the stretchability of the sheet made of the thermoplastic resin composition in a tensile test at 170 ° C. and 180 ° C. Based on this, the inventors of the present invention have conducted further intensive researches on sheets of thermoplastic resin compositions in which various thermoplastic resins and inorganic fillers are combined, focusing on evaluation of tensile tests in the above temperature range.
- thermoplastic resin composition has good drawdown properties and heat spreadability during heating and melting even if it contains a large amount of inorganic filler, and the sheet and various other forms with good properties.
- the present invention has been achieved with the knowledge that it can be molded into a mold and furthermore, the molded article obtained is excellent in heat resistance and flame retardancy.
- thermoplastic resin composition containing at least a thermoplastic resin and an inorganic filler, wherein the thermoplastic resin comprises polypropylene (B) having no long chain branching and long chain branching. It is a thermoplastic resin composition containing a branched structure polypropylene (A) in a mass ratio of 80:20 to 98: 2.
- thermoplastic resin composition containing the thermoplastic resin and the inorganic filler in a mass ratio of 50:50 to 10:90.
- the polypropylene (A) having a long chain branched structure has an isotactic triad fraction (mm) of 90% or more as measured by 13 C-NMR.
- a thermoplastic resin composition is shown which is a polypropylene having a long chain branched structure.
- the polypropylene (A) having a long chain branched structure has a melt flow rate (230 ° C.) of 1.0 to 10.0 g / 10 min.
- a thermoplastic resin composition is shown, which is a polypropylene having a long chain branched structure with a melt tension (230 ° C.) of 3.5 to 30.0 g.
- the polypropylene (B) having no long-chain branched structure has a melt flow rate (230 ° C.) of 0.3 to 50.0 g / 10 min.
- a thermoplastic resin composition is shown which is polypropylene.
- thermoplastic resin composition in which the inorganic filler has an average particle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m to 50.0 ⁇ m.
- thermoplastic resin composition in which the inorganic filler is calcium carbonate.
- thermoplastic resin composition in which the inorganic filler is ground calcium carbonate.
- the present invention which solves the above-mentioned subject is a cast which consists of the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition.
- a molded article which is a sheet is shown.
- a molded article which is a container body is shown.
- a molded article having a wall thickness of 50 ⁇ m or more and 700 ⁇ m or less is shown.
- thermoplastic resin composition capable of forming a sheet which does not cause transport defects in an apparatus having a heat setting step even if it contains a large amount of inorganic filler, a sheet using the same, etc.
- a thermoplastic resin composition having good drawdown properties upon heating and melting and good resin spreadability and being able to be formed into various forms with good properties even if it contains a large amount of inorganic filler And the molded article which uses this can be provided.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention contains at least a thermoplastic resin and an inorganic filler, and as the thermoplastic resin, a propylene-based polymer (B) having no long-chain branching structure and long-chain branching A propylene-based polymer (A) having a structure is contained at a specific ratio described later.
- a propylene-based polymer (B) having no long-chain branching structure and long-chain branching A propylene-based polymer (A) having a structure is contained at a specific ratio described later.
- the thermoplastic resin composition according to the present invention contains a propylene-based polymer (A) having a long chain branched structure as one component constituting the thermoplastic resin.
- a propylene polymer having a long chain branched structure or "a polypropylene having a long chain branched structure” means a propylene polymer or a polypropylene having a structure having a polypropylene chain branched from a polypropylene main chain.
- long-chain branching means that the branching is formed in the polymer main chain by polymerizing the monomer, and a short derived from the monomer forming the main chain like a methyl group in a propylene polymer Does not include chain branching.
- long-chain branching more specifically, a propylene-based polymer residue having 5 or more carbon atoms branched from the main chain of a propylene-based polymer is shown. Branches having 5 or more carbon atoms and branches having 4 or less carbon atoms can be distinguished by the difference in peak position of the branched carbon (see Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2003, Vol. 204, p. 1738). The relevant description in this document is incorporated herein by reference.
- the above-mentioned polypropylene main chain skeleton is linear polypropylene which may have short chain branching.
- Having long-chain branching in polypropylene is a method based on the rheological properties of the resin, for example, a method of calculating the branching index g 'using the relationship between molecular weight and viscosity by general analysis methods such as intrinsic viscosity, 13 C -It can confirm by the method of using NMR etc.
- Branching index g ′ The branching index g 'is known as a direct indicator for long chain branching. "Developments in Polymer Characterization-4" (J. V. Dawkins ed. Applied Science Publishers, 1983) (the description of the relevant part of this document is incorporated herein by reference), although it is described in detail.
- the definition of the branching index g ′ is as follows.
- Branching index g ' [[] br / [ ⁇ ] lin [ ⁇ ] br : Intrinsic viscosity of polymer (br) having a long chain branched structure [ ⁇ ] lin : Intrinsic viscosity of linear polymer having the same molecular weight as the polymer (br)
- the branching index g ' can be obtained as a function of the absolute molecular weight Mabs by using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) equipped with a light scatterometer and a viscometer in the detector.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the method of measuring the branching index g ' is described in detail in JP-A-2015-40213 (the description of the relevant part of this document is incorporated herein by reference). it can.
- GPC Alliance GPCV 2000 (Waters) Detector: listed in order of connection Multi-angle laser light scattering detector (MALLS): DAWN-E (Wyatt Technology) Differential Refractometer (RI): attached to GPC Viscosity detector (Viscometer): attached to GPC Mobile phase solvent: 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (added at a concentration of 0.5 mg / mL) Mobile phase flow rate: 1 mL / min Column: Two Tohso GMHHR-H (S) HT connected Sample injection temperature: 140 ° C Column temperature: 140 ° C Detector temperature: All 140 ° C Sample concentration: 1 mg / mL Injection volume (sample loop volume): 0.2175 mL
- g' is 0.30 or more and less than 1.00 when the absolute molecular weight Mabs determined by light scattering is 1,000,000. More preferably, they are 0.55 or more and 0.98 or less, More preferably, they are 0.75 or more and 0.96 or less, Most preferably, they are 0.78 or more and 0.95 or less.
- the propylene-based polymer (A) having long-chain branching is considered to form a comb-type chain as the molecular structure, and when g 'is less than 0.30, the main chain is small and the proportion of side chains is extremely high. As a result, the melt tension may not be sufficient.
- g 'is 1.00 this means that there is no branching, and even if it is blended with a propylene-based polymer (B) having no long-chain branched structure, which will be described later, This is because the down characteristics and resin spreadability can not be improved.
- the propylene polymer (A) having a long chain branched structure has, for example, a specific branched structure as shown in the following structural formula (1).
- C a , C b and C c represent methylene carbon adjacent to a branched carbon
- C br represents methine carbon at the base of branched chain
- P 1 , P 2 and P 3 represent , A propylene-based polymer residue.
- P 1 , P 2 and P 3 themselves may contain another branched carbon (C br ) other than C br described in the structural formula (1).
- Such branched structures are identified by 13 C-NMR analysis. Assignment of each peak is described in Macromolecules, Vol. 35, no. 10. 2002, pp. 3639-3842 (the description of the relevant part of this document is incorporated herein by reference). That is, a total of three methylene carbons (C a , C b , C c ) are observed at 43.9 to 44.1 ppm, 44.5 to 44.7 ppm and 44.7 to 44.9 ppm, respectively. Methine carbon (C br ) is observed at 31.5 to 31.7 ppm. The methine carbon observed in the above 31.5 to 31.7 ppm may be hereinafter abbreviated as branched methine carbon (C br ). It is characterized in that three methylene carbons adjacent to the branched methine carbon C br are divided into three nonequivalently into three diastereotopics and observed.
- Such a branched chain assigned by 13 C-NMR indicates a propylene-based polymer residue having 5 or more carbon atoms branched from the main chain of the propylene-based polymer, and the branch having 4 or less carbon atoms is branched
- the presence of a long chain branched structure can be determined by confirming the peak of this branched methine carbon, since the carbon can be distinguished by the difference in peak position.
- the measurement method of 13 C-NMR in the present specification is as follows.
- Pulse angle 90 ° Pulse interval: 4 seconds Integration number: 20000
- the chemical shift was set with the methyl carbon peak of hexamethyldisiloxane as 1.98 ppm, and the chemical shifts of the peaks due to other carbons were based on this.
- the peak around 44 ppm can be used to calculate the amount of long chain branching.
- the polypropylene polymer having long chain branching preferably has a long chain branching amount determined from a peak at around 44 ppm in the 13 C-NMR spectrum of 0.01 / 1000 total propylene or more, more preferably 0. .03 pieces / 1000 total propylene or more, more preferably 0.05 pieces / 1000 total propylene or more.
- it is 1.00 piece / 1000 total propylene or less, More preferably, it is 0.50 piece / 1000 total propylene or less, More preferably, it is 0.30 piece / 1000 total propylene or less.
- the propylene unit of the propylene polymer (A) having a long chain branched structure from the viewpoint of making the heat resistance of the thermoplastic composition according to the present invention and mechanical properties such as viscoelasticity excellent. It is preferable to have a structure with high stereoregularity.
- the isotactic triad fraction (mm) ie, the mm fraction of three consecutive propylene units obtained by 13 C-NMR measurement is a sufficiently high value, specifically 90.0%. It is preferable to have the above high stereoregularity.
- the mm fraction means that when any three consecutive propylene units constituting the polypropylene chain are regarded as one unit, the direction of the methyl branch in each one unit is the same direction as the three consecutive propylene units. It is a ratio, and is a value indicating how much the steric structure of the methyl group in the molecular chain is isotactically controlled.
- the three consecutive propylene units can be roughly classified into three types represented by the formulas (3a) to (3c) described later, but the mm fraction is ⁇ number of units of the following formula (3a) ⁇ / ⁇ the following formula ( Number of units of 3a) + number of units of the following formula (3b) + number of units of the following formula (3c) ⁇ ⁇ 100, this value is a propylene polymer (A) having long-chain branching and From the viewpoint of mechanical properties such as heat resistance and viscoelasticity of the composition containing it, 90.0% or more, 91.0% or more is preferable, 93.0% or more is more preferable, 95.0% or more Particularly preferred. Also, the upper limit is 100.0%, but usually 99.8% or less, more preferably 99.5% or less is more preferable, and 99.0% from the viewpoint of product manufacturing management difficulty and the cost accordingly. The following are even more preferred.
- the mm fraction of three consecutive propylene units can be calculated, for example, using the results of 13 C-NMR measurement under the same conditions as in the case of analysis of branched structure in 13 C-NMR described above.
- the preparation conditions of the sample and the measurement conditions of 13 C-NMR are not particularly limited as long as the propylene unit can be suitably quantified.
- Three types of three consecutive propylene units constituting a propylene-based polymer molecule are represented by the following formulas (3a) to (3c).
- the following formula (3a) represents a mm structure
- the following formula (3b) represents a mr structure
- the following formula (3c) represents a rr structure.
- 13 C-NMR measurement results using the mm fraction of three consecutive propylene units are methyl of central propylene in three consecutive propylene units represented by the following formula (3a) to the following formula (3c) It is the result of quantifying the amount of methyl groups using the peak of carbon derived from group.
- the chemical shifts of the three types of methyl groups are as follows. mm: around 24.3 ppm to 21.1 ppm mr: around 21.2 ppm to 20.5 ppm rr: around 20.5 ppm to 19.8 ppm
- the chemical shift range of the above three types of focused methyl groups is approximately the above-mentioned chemical shift range. Although there is a slight change depending on the molecular weight etc., identification of the signal derived from the methyl group of interest is easy.
- the propylene polymer (A) having the long chain branched structure is a melt flow rate measured at a temperature of 230 ° C. and a load of 2.16 kg according to JIS K 7210-1: 2014 (ISO 1133-1: 2011).
- MFR is preferably 1.0 to 10.0 g / 10 min. It is preferably 1.0 to 3.0 g / 10 minutes, more preferably 1.0 to 2.5 g / 10 minutes.
- the MFR of the propylene-based polymer (A) having long-chain branching is within the above range, the flowability of the thermoplastic resin composition containing the same is not significantly reduced to deteriorate the processability.
- the propylene polymer (A) having a long chain branched structure desirably has a melt tension at a temperature of 230 ° C. of 5 to 30 g, more preferably 10 to 30 g, and still more preferably 14 to 30 g.
- the melt tension of the propylene-based polymer (A) having long-chain branching is in the above range, the heat-setting step as described above is performed on a molded article such as a sheet molded using a thermoplastic resin composition containing the same.
- the volume expansion rate can be better suppressed when passing through the apparatus having the above, and the possibility of occurrence of transportability problems can be further reduced.
- the melt tension in the present invention is a value measured under the following conditions.
- Measuring device Capirograph 1B manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Capillary: diameter 2.0 mm, length 40 mm Cylinder diameter: 9.55 mm Cylinder extrusion speed: 20 mm / min Take-up speed: 4.0 m / min (However, if the melt tension is too high and the resin breaks, the take-up speed is reduced and measured at the highest take-up speed) Temperature: 230 ° C
- the value of melt tension further satisfy the following condition with the value of the melt flow rate (MFR) described above. log (melt tension)--0.9 x log (MFR) + 0.7, or 30 ⁇ ⁇ melt tension 15 15
- a resin composition by blending a propylene polymer (A) having a long chain branched structure with a propylene polymer (B) not having a long chain branched structure described later by satisfying the above conditions by the melt tension. It is possible to further improve the heat resistance when passing through the inside of the apparatus having the heat setting step while maintaining the processability such as the spreadability of the above as good.
- a process for producing a propylene-based polymer (A) having a long chain branched structure a method of introducing a branched structure by modification using radiation or peroxide, a method of two-stage polymerization, a method of adding a minute amount of diene Using a metallocene catalyst, for example, in a first polymerization step (macromer synthesis step), a propylene macromer having a vinyl structure at an end according to a particular complex and a particular polymerization condition, and then a second polymerization step (macromer) In the copolymerization step), there is known a macromer copolymerization method in which a long chain branched structure is formed by performing copolymerization with propylene under a specific catalyst and a specific polymerization condition.
- the metallocene catalyst used in the macromer copolymerization method is different from a simple non-bridged metallocene catalyst used in the synthesis of linear polypropylene, and is not particularly limited to a bridged metallocene or a half metallocene, but, for example, silylene bridge Metallocene complexes of the following are used as highly selective catalysts.
- the method for producing the propylene-based polymer (A) having a long chain branched structure used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the propylene-based polymer (A) having a long chain branched structure has the above-mentioned predetermined characteristics. Instead, it may be by any manufacturing method. However, since it is desirable to have a structure having higher stereoregularity as described above, those synthesized by a macromer copolymerization method using a metallocene catalyst can be preferably exemplified. As such a specific synthesis method polymerized using a metallocene catalyst, for example, it is detailed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-299025 (the description of the relevant part of this document is incorporated herein by reference). .
- a method for producing a propylene-based polymer using the following catalyst components (K), (L) and (M) as a propylene polymerization catalyst can be mentioned .
- K From component [K-1] which is a compound represented by the following general formula (k1), and at least one component from a component [K-2] which is a compound represented by the following general formula (k2) One, two or more groups of transition metal compounds of periodic table 4;
- R1 and R2 each independently represent a heterocyclic group containing nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur having 4 to 16 carbon atoms.
- R3 and R4 each independently represent an aryl group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms which may contain halogen, silicon, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, boron, phosphorus or a plurality of hetero elements selected therefrom. And a heterocyclic group containing nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur having 6 to 16 carbon atoms.
- X1 and Y1 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a silicon-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a halogenated hydrocarbon having 1 to 20 carbon atoms Group, an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an amino group or a nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Q 1 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 carbon atom Represents a silylene group or germylene group which may have up to 20 hydrocarbon groups. ]
- the heterocyclic group containing nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur having 4 to 16 carbon atoms of R 1 and R 2 is preferably a 2-furyl group, a substituted 2-furyl group, a substituted 2-thienyl group, a substituted A 2-furfuryl group, more preferably a substituted 2-furyl group.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group
- examples thereof include a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom and a chlorine atom, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group, and a trialkylsilyl group.
- a methyl group and a trimethylsilyl group are preferable, and a methyl group is particularly preferable.
- R 1 and R 2 particularly preferred is a 2- (5-methyl) -furyl group.
- R1 and R2 be identical to each other.
- R 6 and R 16 each having 6 to 16 carbon atoms, which may contain halogen, silicon, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, boron, phosphorus or a plurality of hetero elements selected therefrom, includes, as an aryl group, carbon And at least one hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a silicon-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a halogen containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms on the aryl cyclic skeleton within the range of 6 to 16 It may have a hydrocarbon group as a substituent.
- R 3 and R 4 is a phenyl group, 4-methylphenyl group, 4-i-propylphenyl group, 4-t-butylphenyl group, 4-trimethylsilylphenyl group, 2,3-dimethylphenyl group And 3,5-di-t-butylphenyl group, 4-phenyl-phenyl group, chlorophenyl group, naphthyl group or phenanthryl group, more preferably phenyl group, 4-i-propylphenyl group, 4-t- It is a butylphenyl group, 4-trimethylsilylphenyl group or 4-chlorophenyl group. It is also preferred that R3 and R4 be identical to each other.
- X1 and Y1 are auxiliary ligands, and react with a cocatalyst of the catalyst component (L) to form an active metallocene having an olefin polymerization ability. Therefore, as long as this object is achieved, X1 and Y1 are not limited in the type of ligand, and each independently can be a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, carbon A silicon-containing hydrocarbon group having a number of 1 to 20, a halogenated hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 20, an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 20, an amino group or a nitrogen containing hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 20 Show.
- Q1 may have a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which links two five-membered rings Indicates either a silylene group or a germylene group.
- two hydrocarbon groups When two hydrocarbon groups are present on the silylene group or germylene group, they may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure.
- Q 1 examples include alkylene groups such as methylene, methyl methylene, dimethyl methylene and 1,2-ethylene; aryl alkylene groups such as diphenyl methylene; silylene groups; methyl silylene, dimethyl silylene, diethyl silylene, di (n) Alkyl propyl groups such as -propyl) silylene, di (i-propyl) silylene, di (cyclohexyl) silylene, (alkyl) (aryl) silylene groups such as methyl (phenyl) silylene; aryl silylene groups such as diphenyl silylene; tetramethyl An alkyl oligosilylene group such as disilylene; a germylene group; an alkylgermylene group in which silicon of a silylene group having the above divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is substituted with germanium; (alkyl) (aryl) germylene group ; Arylger
- a silylene group having a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a germylene group having a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable, and an alkyl silylene group and an alkyl germylene group are particularly preferable.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the above general formula (k1) include dichloro [1,1′-dimethylsilylene bis ⁇ 2- (2-furyl) -4-phenyl-indenyl ⁇ ] hafnium, dichloro [1,1 1'-Dimethylsilylenebis ⁇ 2- (2-thienyl) -4-phenyl-indenyl ⁇ ] hafnium, dichloro [1,1'-dimethylsilylenebis ⁇ 2- (5-methyl-2-furyl) -4-phenyl] -Indenyl ⁇ ] hafnium, dichloro [1,1'-diphenylsilylene bis ⁇ 2- (5-methyl-2-furyl) -4-phenyl-indenyl ⁇ ] hafnium, dichloro [1,1'-dimethylgermylene bis ⁇ 2- (5-Methyl-2-furyl) -4-phenyl-indenyl ⁇ ] hafnium, dichloro [1,1'-dimethylger
- R 5 and R 6 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 7 and R 8 each independently represent halogen, silicon, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, boron Or phosphorus or a plurality of hetero elements selected therefrom, which is an aryl group having 6 to 16 carbon atoms.
- X2 and Y2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a silicon-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a halogenated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, And an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an amino group or a nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein Q2 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, 1 to 20 carbon atoms Or a silylene group or germylene group which may have a hydrocarbon group of M is zirconium or hafnium. ]
- R5 and R6 are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group, and more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Specific examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, i-pentyl, n-hexyl and the like, with preference given to methyl , Ethyl, n-propyl.
- R7 and R8 may each independently contain C6 to C16, preferably C6 to C12, halogen, silicon, or a plurality of hetero elements selected therefrom.
- Preferred examples include phenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-i-propylphenyl, 4-t-butylphenyl, 4-trimethylsilylphenyl, 4 4- (2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl), 4- (2-chloro-4-biphenylyl), 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 4-chloro-2-naphthyl, 3-methyl-4-trimethylsilylphenyl, 3, 5-dimethyl-4-tert-butylphenyl, 3,5-dimethyl-4-trimethylsilylphenyl, 3,5-dichloro-4-trimethylsilylphenyl and the like.
- X2 and Y2 are auxiliary ligands, which react with the cocatalyst of the catalyst component (L) to form an active metallocene having an olefin polymerization ability. Therefore, X2 and Y2 are not limited in the type of ligand as long as this object is achieved, and each of them independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a carbon number Indicates a silicon-containing hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20, a halogenated hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an amino group or a nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms .
- Q2 is a bonding group which bridges two conjugated five-membered ring ligands, and has a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Or a germylene group having a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably a substituted silylene group or a substituted germylene group.
- the substituent bonded to silicon or germanium is preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and two substituents may be linked.
- Q2 include methylene, dimethylmethylene, ethylene-1,2-diyl, dimethylsilylene, diethylsilylene, diphenylsilylene, methylphenylsilylene, 9-silafluorene-9,9-diyl, dimethylsilylene, diethyl
- Examples include silylene, diphenylsilylene, methylphenylsilylene, 9-silafluorene-9,9-diyl, dimethylgermylene, diethylgermylene, diphenylgermylene, methylphenylgermylene and the like.
- the M is zirconium or hafnium, preferably hafnium.
- metallocene compound represented by the above general formula (k2) examples include dichloro ⁇ 1,1′-dimethylsilylene bis (2-methyl-4-phenyl-4-hydroazulenyl) ⁇ hafnium, dichloro [1,1 '-Dimethylsilylenebis ⁇ 2-methyl-4- (4-chlorophenyl) -4-hydroazulenyl ⁇ ] hafnium, dichloro [1,1'-dimethylsilylenebis ⁇ 2-methyl-4- (4-t-butylphenyl)] -4-hydroazulenyl ⁇ ] hafnium, dichloro [1,1′-dimethylsilylene bis ⁇ 2-methyl-4- (4-trimethylsilylphenyl) -4-hydroazulenyl ⁇ ] hafnium, dichloro [1,1′-dimethylsilylene bis ⁇ 2-Methyl-4- (3-chloro-4-t-butylphenyl) -4-hydro
- Ion-exchanged layered silicate may be formed by stacking ionic bonding surfaces parallel to one another in terms of bonding force. It is a silicate compound having a crystal structure and having exchangeable ions contained therein. Most silicates are mainly produced as a main component of clay minerals in nature, so they often contain impurities (quartz, cristobalite, etc.) other than ion-exchanged layered silicates. Good.
- silicates used are not limited to those of natural origin, but may be artificial compounds or may contain them.
- silicates include, for example, smectites such as montmorillonite, saukonite, beidellite, nontronite, saponite, hectorite, Stephenite and the like, vermiculite such as vermiculite, mica, illite, sericite, and chlorite Mica group, attapulgite, sepiolite, palygorskite, bentonite, pyrophyllite, talc, chlorite group and the like can be mentioned.
- the silicate is preferably a silicate having a 2: 1-type structure as the main component, more preferably a smectite group, and particularly preferably montmorillonite.
- the type of interlayer cation is not particularly limited, but in view of availability as an industrial raw material relatively easily and inexpensively, a silicate having an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal as a main component of the interlayer cation is preferable.
- the ion exchangeable layered silicate (L) can be used as it is without particular treatment, but chemical treatment is preferred.
- the chemical treatment of the ion exchange layered silicate may be either surface treatment for removing impurities attached to the surface or treatment for affecting the structure of clay, and specifically, acid treatment Treatment, alkali treatment, salt treatment, organic matter treatment and the like can be mentioned.
- these ion exchange layered silicates usually contain adsorbed water and interlayer water, but it is preferable to remove the adsorbed water and interlayer water and use it as a catalyst component (L).
- Particularly preferable as the catalyst component (N) is an ion exchange layered silicate having a water content of 3% by weight or less obtained by salt treatment and / or acid treatment.
- the ion exchange layered silicate can be treated with a catalyst component (M) of an organoaluminum compound described later before forming the catalyst or using it as a catalyst.
- the amount of the catalyst component (M) used per 1 g of ion exchange layered silicate is not limited, but it is usually 20.0 mmol or less, preferably 0.5 mmol or more and 10.0 mmol or less.
- There is no limitation on the treatment temperature or time and the treatment temperature is usually 0 ° C. or more and 70 ° C. or less, and the treatment time is 10 minutes or more and 3 hours or less. It is also possible and preferred to wash after treatment.
- As the solvent a hydrocarbon solvent similar to the solvent used in the prepolymerization or slurry polymerization described later is used.
- the organoaluminum compound used as the catalyst component (M) has a general formula: The compound represented by (AlR 9 q Z 3-q ) p is preferred.
- R 9 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- Z represents a halogen, a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group or an amino group.
- q is an integer of 1 to 3
- p is an integer of 1 to 2.
- R 9 is preferably an alkyl group, and Z is chlorine if it is a halogen, 1 to 8 carbon atoms if it is an alkoxy group, or 1 if it is an amino group.
- Amino groups of ⁇ 8 are preferred.
- the compounds represented by this formula can be used alone, in combination of two or more, or in combination.
- organic aluminum compound examples include trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, trinolmalpropylaluminum, trinolbutylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, trinolhexyl aluminum, trinoloctylaluminum, trinolmaledecyl aluminum, diethylaluminum chloride, diethylaluminum Sesquichloride, diethylaluminum hydride, diethylaluminum ethoxide, diethylaluminum dimethylamide, diisobutylaluminum hydride, diisobutylaluminum chloride and the like can be mentioned.
- the catalyst can be formed by contacting each of the above catalyst components (K) to (M) in the (pre) polymerization tank simultaneously or sequentially, or at one time or several times.
- the contacting of each component is usually carried out in an aliphatic hydrocarbon or aromatic hydrocarbon solvent.
- the contact temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably between -20 ° C and 150 ° C.
- the contact order may be any desired combination, but it is as follows if particularly preferable ones are shown for each component.
- the catalyst component (K) and / or the catalyst component (L) or the catalyst component (K) and the catalyst before contacting the catalyst component (K) and the catalyst component (L) Contacting both the component (L) with the catalyst component (M), or contacting the catalyst component (M) simultaneously with contacting the catalyst component (K) with the catalyst component (L), or It is possible to contact the catalyst component (M) after contacting (K) with the catalyst component (L), but preferably before contacting the catalyst component (K) with the catalyst component (L) It is a method of contacting with either component (M). Moreover, after contacting each component, it is possible to wash
- the amount of catalyst components (K), (L) and (M) used is optional.
- the amount of catalyst component (K) used per catalyst component (L) is preferably 0.1 ⁇ mol to 1,000.0 ⁇ mol, particularly preferably 0.5 ⁇ mol to 500.0 ⁇ mol, per 1 g of catalyst component (L). It is a range.
- the amount of catalyst component (M) to catalyst component (K) is preferably 0.01 to 5.00 ⁇ 10 6 , particularly preferably 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 , in molar ratio of transition metal. Within the range is preferred.
- the proportion of the component [K-1] (the compound represented by the general formula (k1)) and the component [K-2] (the compound represented by the general formula (k2)) is a polypropylene having long chain branching Although it is arbitrary in the range which satisfy
- component [K-1] produces a low-molecular-weight terminal vinyl macromer
- component [K-2] produces a high molecular weight copolymer obtained by partially copolymerizing a macromer. Therefore, by changing the proportion of the component [K-1], the average molecular weight of the polymer to be produced, the molecular weight distribution, the deviation of the molecular weight distribution to the high molecular weight side, very high molecular weight components, branching (amount, length, (Distribution) can be controlled, whereby it is possible to control melt physical properties such as branching index g ', melt tension, and spreadability.
- the molar ratio is preferably 0.30 or more, more preferably 0.40 or more, and still more preferably 0.50 or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 0.99 or less, and in order to obtain a polypropylene resin (A) having long chain branching efficiently with high catalytic activity, it is preferably 0.95 or less, more preferably It is a range of 0.90 or less. Further, by using the component [K-1] in the above range, it is possible to adjust the balance of the average molecular weight and the catalyst activity with respect to the amount of hydrogen.
- the catalyst is preferably subjected to a prepolymerization process which comprises contacting the olefin with it and polymerizing a small amount.
- a prepolymerization process which comprises contacting the olefin with it and polymerizing a small amount.
- the olefins used in the prepolymerization are not particularly limited, and propylene, ethylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-butene, vinylcycloalkane, Styrene etc. can be illustrated.
- an olefin feed method any method such as a feed method or a combination thereof in which an olefin is maintained at a constant velocity or a constant pressure in a reaction vessel, or a stepwise change may be possible.
- the prepolymerization temperature and time are not particularly limited, but are preferably in the range of -20 ° C to 100 ° C and 5 minutes to 24 hours, respectively.
- the amount of prepolymerization is preferably 0.01 to 100, more preferably 0.1 to 50, by weight of the amount of the prepolymerization polymer relative to the catalyst component (K).
- the catalyst component (M) can be added or added at the time of prepolymerization. It is also possible to wash after completion of the prepolymerization. Further, it is also possible to allow a polymer such as polyethylene or polypropylene, or a solid of an inorganic oxide such as silica or titania to co-exist during or after the contact of each component described above.
- the polymerization mode may be any mode as long as the catalyst for olefin polymerization comprising the catalyst component (K), the catalyst component (L) and the catalyst component (M) contacts the monomer efficiently.
- a slurry method using an inert solvent a so-called bulk method using propylene as a solvent substantially without using an inert solvent, a solution polymerization method, or each monomer in gaseous form substantially without using a liquid solvent It is possible to adopt a gas phase method for keeping it.
- a method of performing continuous polymerization or batch polymerization is also applied.
- multistage polymerization of two or more stages is also possible.
- a single or a mixture of saturated aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, pentane, cyclohexane, benzene and toluene is used as a polymerization solvent.
- the polymerization temperature is usually 0 ° C. or more and 150 ° C. or less.
- the temperature is preferably 40 ° C. or more, more preferably 50 ° C. or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 80 ° C. or less, more preferably 75 ° C. or less.
- the temperature is preferably 40 ° C. or more, more preferably 50 ° C. or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 100 ° C. or less, more preferably 90 ° C. or less.
- the polymerization pressure is preferably 1.0 MPa or more and 5.0 MPa or less. In particular, when bulk polymerization is used, 1.5 MPa or more is preferable, and more preferably 2.0 MPa or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 4.0 MPa or less, more preferably 3.5 MPa or less.
- the molar ratio of hydrogen to propylene is preferably added in a range of 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 or more and 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 or less with respect to propylene. It can be used.
- hydrogen is preferably used at a molar ratio of 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 or more, preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 or more, and more preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 or more, in terms of molar ratio to propylene. Is good.
- the upper limit is preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 or less, preferably 0.9 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 or less, and more preferably 0.8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 or less.
- a polymer chain end is mainly propenyl by a special chain transfer reaction generally called ⁇ -methyl elimination from active species derived from the catalyst component [M-1].
- the structure is shown and a so-called macromer is generated.
- This macromer can generate a higher molecular weight, and is considered to be incorporated into the active species derived from the catalyst component [M-2] which is more copolymerizable, and macromer copolymerization proceeds. Therefore, as a branched structure of the polypropylene resin which has a long chain branched structure to produce
- a propylene-based polymer (B) not having a long-chain branched structure is used as a base component together with the above-mentioned propylene-based polymer (A) having a long-chain branched structure. contains.
- propylene-based polymer having no long-chain branched structure or “polypropylene having no long-chain branched structure” refers to a linear propylene-based polymer or linear polypropylene or a methyl group as in the case of a methyl group.
- a linear short-chain branched propylene polymer containing short-chain branches derived from a monomer forming a chain or a straight-chain short-chain branched polypropylene more specifically, the above-mentioned “propylene-based heavy chain having a long-chain branched structure”
- the propylene-based polymer (B) having no such long chain branched structure is not particularly limited as long as it falls under the above definition.
- a cocatalyst such as triethylaluminum or diethylaluminum using a Ziegler-Natta type catalyst or a magnesium chloride-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst It may be one obtained, or one obtained by polymerization using a Kaminski catalyst using a metallocene compound.
- the stereoregularity of the propylene-based polymer (B) having no long-chain branched structure is also not particularly limited, and may be isotactic, syndiotactic, atactic, or a mixed system of any ratio of these.
- a polypropylene containing crystalline isotactic polymer as a main component and containing about 0.5 to 2.0 mol% of atactic polymer is used.
- the propylene polymer (B) having no long-chain branched structure as a base is within a certain range. It is desirable to have flow properties, and it is desirable that the melt flow rate (230 ° C.) measured under the same conditions as described above is 0.3 to 50.0 g / 10 min. More preferably, it is 0.3 to 10.0 g / 10 minutes, still more preferably 0.3 to 1.0 g / 10 minutes.
- the drawdown properties, spreadability and the like of the thermoplastic resin composition are improved, so the base
- the propylene polymer (B) having no long-chain branched structure which is a component
- the propylene polymer (B) having no long-chain branched structure is preferably a propylene homopolymer, and in this case, it is not particularly limited, but isotactic as measured by 13 C-NMR.
- the tick triad fraction (mm) is desirably about 90% or more.
- propylene polymer (B) having no long chain branched structure other ⁇ -olefins copolymerizable with propylene are, for example, ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-hexene and the like, and of these, ethylene, 1-butene and 1-hexene are particularly preferred.
- the propylene-based polymer (B) having no long-chain branched structure is not particularly limited, but may contain a structural unit derived from a monomer other than propylene in a proportion of less than 15% by mass. Is preferably a homopolymer of propylene as described above.
- thermoplastic composition according to the present invention the above-mentioned propylene polymer (B) having no long chain branching and the above propylene polymer (A) having a long chain branching structure have a mass ratio of 80. : Contained in a ratio of 20 to 98: 2.
- the thermoplastic composition containing the inorganic filler according to the present invention and the thermoplastic resin is (1) a propylene-based polymer (B) alone having no long-chain branching, 2) Thermoplastic composition containing a propylene-based polymer (B) having no long-chain branching and an inorganic filler, and (3) a propylene-based polymer (B) having no long-chain branching and a long-chain branching structure
- the stress-strain curve (SS curve) obtained by the tensile test at 170 ° C. and 180 ° C.
- thermoplastic resin composition contains a large amount of inorganic filler, it becomes a sheet which does not cause a transport failure in an apparatus having a heat setting step when it is formed as a sheet. Furthermore, the drawdown characteristics and spreadability at the time of heat melting are also good. Moreover, heat resistance and a flame retardance are also improved by containing the said predetermined amount of polypropylene (A) which has a long chain branched structure.
- the mass ratio of the propylene-based polymer (B) having no long-chain branching and the propylene-based polymer (A) having a long-chain branching structure is more preferably 80:20 to 98: 2, More preferably, the ratio is 80:20 to 90:10.
- thermoplastic resin composition according to the present invention, as the resin component, heat other than the above-mentioned propylene polymer (B) not having long chain branching and the above propylene polymer (A) having long chain branching structure A plastic resin is also contained as long as the predetermined effects of the propylene polymer (B) not having long chain branching and the propylene polymer (A) having long chain branching structure described above are not significantly impaired.
- the mass of the entire resin component is 100%, it is desirable that these other thermoplastic resins be about 0 to 30% by mass.
- thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, but, for example, polyolefin resin other than polypropylene (polyethylene, propylene-ethylene copolymer, polybutylene etc.), biodegradable resin, polyamide resin, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) etc. are mentioned.
- polyolefin resin and a polyamide resin refer to the thing of resin which has polyolefin and polyamide as a principal chain. More specifically, for example, polyethylene refers to a resin having ethylene as a main chain, and these resins are preferably those having crystallinity and may be copolymers with other monomers.
- the biodegradable resin is a resin which is completely consumed by microorganisms in the natural world and is finally decomposed into water and carbon dioxide.
- polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene adipate, polyethylene succinate, cellulose ester and the like can be mentioned.
- the crystalline polymer may be used alone or in combination of two or more. For example, a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene may be used.
- the inorganic filler that can be incorporated into the thermoplastic resin composition according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include calcium, magnesium, aluminum, titanium, iron, carbonates such as iron and zinc, sulfates, silicates, and phosphorus.
- an acid salt, a borate, an oxide, or a hydrate of these and specific examples thereof include calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, titanium oxide, silica, alumina, clay, Talc, kaolin, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate, magnesium phosphate, barium sulfate, silica sand, carbon black, zeolite, molybdenum, diatomaceous earth , Sericite, shirasu, calcium sulfite, sodium sulfate, Potassium Tan acid, bentonite, graphite, and the like. These may be synthetic or derived from natural minerals, and may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the shape of the inorganic filler is not particularly limited, and may be in the form of particles, flakes, granules, fibers or the like. Further, they may be in the form of particles, may be spherical as generally obtained by a synthesis method, or may be indeterminate as obtained by grinding collected natural minerals. .
- calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, silica, alumina, clay, talc, kaolin, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and the like are preferable, and calcium carbonate is particularly preferable.
- calcium carbonate any of calcium carbonate prepared by a synthesis method, so-called light calcium carbonate and so-called heavy calcium carbonate obtained by mechanically crushing and classifying a natural raw material mainly composed of CaCO 3 such as limestone, etc. Although it is possible to combine these, it is preferable from the viewpoint of economy that it is ground calcium carbonate.
- the surface of the inorganic filler may be reformed in advance according to a conventional method.
- surface modification methods include physical methods such as plasma treatment, and methods in which the surface is chemically treated with a coupling agent or surfactant.
- a coupling agent a silane coupling agent, a titanium coupling agent, etc. are mentioned, for example.
- the surfactant may be any of anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric ones, and examples thereof include higher fatty acids, higher fatty acid esters, higher fatty acid amides, higher fatty acid salts and the like.
- the inorganic filler is preferably particles, and the average particle diameter is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 50.0 ⁇ m, and more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m to 15.0 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic filler described in the present specification is a value calculated from the measurement results of the specific surface area by the air permeation method according to JIS M-8511.
- a specific surface area measuring device SS-100 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation can preferably be used.
- the average particle diameter be 0.5 ⁇ m or more.
- the average particle diameter of the powdered, flaked, or granular inorganic filler is preferably 10.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 5.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the average fiber length of the fibrous inorganic filler is preferably 3.0 ⁇ m or more and 20.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the average fiber diameter is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the aspect ratio is usually 10 or more and 30 or less.
- the average fiber length and the average fiber diameter of the fibrous inorganic filler are measured by an electron microscope, and the aspect ratio is the ratio of the average fiber length to the average fiber diameter (average fiber length / average fiber diameter) It is.
- the ground calcium carbonate contained in the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is ground calcium carbonate, and may optionally be surface-treated.
- heavy calcium carbonate is obtained by mechanically crushing and processing natural limestone or the like, and is clearly distinguished from synthetic calcium carbonate produced by a chemical precipitation reaction or the like.
- the dry method is preferable from the economical point of view.
- the average particle diameter of the above-mentioned heavy calcium carbonate is preferably 15.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m, because the tear strength of the cured product of the composition of the present invention is more excellent.
- the average particle size of the above-mentioned heavy calcium carbonate is a value calculated from the measurement result of the specific surface area by the air permeation method according to JIS M-8511. As a measuring instrument, it is preferable to use a specific surface area measuring device SS-100 type manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
- the blending ratio (% by mass) of the above-described thermoplastic resin and the inorganic filler contained in the thermoplastic resin composition according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a ratio of 50:50 to 10:90.
- the ratio is preferably in the range of 60 to 20:80, and more preferably in the range of 40:60 to 25:75.
- the proportion of the inorganic filler when the proportion of the inorganic filler is lower than 50% by mass, the predetermined texture and impact resistance of the thermoplastic resin composition by blending the inorganic filler Physical properties such as can not be obtained, while if it is higher than 90% by mass, molding processing by extrusion molding or the like becomes difficult.
- the mass ratio of the propylene-based polymer (B) having no long-chain branching excluding the inorganic filler and the propylene-based polymer (A) having a long-chain branching structure is preferably 80:20 to 98: 2, and a ratio of 80:20 to 90:10 can be mentioned as a more preferable example.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention it is also possible to blend other additives as an auxiliary agent, if necessary.
- Other additives include, for example, colorants, lubricants, coupling agents, flow improvers, dispersants, antioxidants, UV absorbers, flame retardants, stabilizers, antistatic agents, foaming agents, etc. May be These additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, these may be mix
- thermoplastic resin composition the addition amounts of these other additives are the above-mentioned propylene polymer (B) having no long chain branching and the propylene polymer (A having a long chain branching structure)
- the thermoplastic resin composition is not particularly limited as long as the desired effect of the combination of the thermoplastic resin and the inorganic filler is not impaired. For example, when the mass of the entire thermoplastic resin composition is 100%, these are not particularly limited. It is desirable that the other additives be compounded in a proportion of about 0 to 5% by mass and in a proportion of 2% by mass or less in the whole of the other additives.
- any of known organic pigments or inorganic pigments or dyes can be used.
- organic pigments such as azo type, anthraquinone type, phthalocyanine type, quinacridone type, isoindolinone type, dioosazine type, perinone type, quinophthalone type, perylene type pigments, ultramarine blue, titanium oxide, titanium yellow, iron oxide And inorganic pigments such as chromium oxide, zinc flower and carbon black.
- the lubricant examples include fatty acid-based lubricants such as stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, complex stearic acid, and oleic acid, aliphatic alcohol-based lubricants, stearoamide, oxystearoamide, oleylamide, ercilamide, ricinolamide, behenamide, methylol Aliphatic amide lubricants such as amide, methylenebisstearamide, methylenebisstearobehenamide, bisamic acid of higher fatty acid, complex type amide, n-butyl stearate, methyl hydroxystearate, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester, Examples thereof include aliphatic ester-based lubricants such as saturated fatty acid esters and ester-based waxes, fatty acid metal soap-based lubricants, and the like.
- fatty acid-based lubricants such as stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, complex stearic acid,
- antioxidants phosphorus-based antioxidants, phenol-based antioxidants and pentaerythritol-based antioxidants can be used.
- Phosphorus-based more specifically, phosphorus-based antioxidant stabilizers such as phosphite esters and phosphate esters are preferably used.
- phosphite esters include triesters, diesters, monoesters, etc. of phosphorous acid such as triphenyl phosphite, tris nonyl phenyl phosphite, tris (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite and the like. Can be mentioned.
- Examples of phosphoric acid esters include trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphate, 2-ethylphenyl diphenyl phosphate and the like. These phosphorus antioxidants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- phenolic antioxidants include ⁇ -tocopherol, butylhydroxytoluene, sinapyl alcohol, vitamin E, n-octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2- t-Butyl-6- (3'-t-butyl-5'-methyl-2'-hydroxybenzyl) -4-methylphenyl acrylate, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4- (N, N-dimethyl) Aminomethyl) phenol, 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate diethyl ester, and tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyloxymethyl] methane And the like, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- non-phosphorus halogen-type flame retardants such as a halogen type flame retardant or a phosphorus flame retardant and metal hydrate
- halogen-based flame retardant include halogenated bisphenyl alkanes, halogenated bisphenyl ethers, halogenated bisphenyl thioethers, halogenated bisphenol compounds such as halogenated bisphenyl sulfones, brominated bisphenol A, bromine And bisphenol-bis (alkyl ether) compounds such as chlorinated bisphenol S, chlorinated bisphenol A and chlorinated bisphenol S, etc., and as a phosphorus-based flame retardant, aluminum tris (diethyl phosphinate), bisphenol A bis (diphenyl phosphate) , Triaryl isopropylated phosphate, cresyl di 2, 6-xylenyl phosphate, aromatic
- antimony trioxide antimony oxide
- antimony oxide such as antimony pentoxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide, molybdenum oxide, titanium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, etc.
- antimony trioxide antimony oxide
- zinc oxide iron oxide
- aluminum oxide aluminum oxide
- molybdenum oxide titanium oxide
- titanium oxide calcium oxide
- magnesium oxide etc.
- the foaming agent is mixed or pressed into the thermoplastic resin composition which is a raw material which is in a molten state in a melt kneader, and is a solid to gas, a phase change from liquid to gas, or gas itself, mainly It is used to control the foaming ratio (foaming density) of the foam sheet.
- the foaming agent dissolved in the thermoplastic resin composition that is the raw material changes its phase to a gas depending on the resin temperature and dissolves in the molten resin when it is liquid at normal temperature and dissolves in the molten resin at normal temperature without changing its phase to the molten resin as it is Dissolve.
- the foaming agent dispersed and dissolved in the molten resin expands when the molten resin is extruded from the extrusion die into a sheet, and the pressure is released, so that the expanding agent expands inside the sheet to form a large number of fine closed cells in the sheet to foam. A sheet is obtained.
- the foaming agent acts as a plasticizer which reduces the melt viscosity of the raw material resin composition as a secondary matter, and lowers the temperature for bringing the raw resin composition into a plasticized state.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane and heptane
- alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclobutane, cyclopentane and cyclohexane
- chlorodifluoromethane, difluoromethane, trifluoromethane and trichlorofluoro Methane dichloromethane, dichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, chloromethane, chloroethane, dichlorotrifluoroethane, dichloropentafluoroethane, tetrafluoroethane, difluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, trifluoroethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane , Halogenated hydrocarbons such as tetrachlorodifluoroethane
- the foaming agent for example, one containing an active ingredient of the foaming agent in the carrier resin can also be preferably used.
- the carrier resin may, for example, be a crystalline olefin resin. Among these, crystalline polypropylene resin is preferable.
- hydrogencarbonate etc. are mentioned. Among these, hydrogen carbonate is preferred. It is preferable that it is a foaming agent concentrate which uses a crystalline polypropylene resin as a carrier resin and contains hydrogen carbonate as a thermal decomposition type foaming agent.
- the content of the foaming agent contained in the foaming agent in the molding step can be appropriately set according to the type of the thermoplastic resin, the inorganic filler, the amount of the active ingredient, etc., relative to the total mass of the thermoplastic resin composition Preferably, it is in the range of 0.04 to 5.00% by mass.
- the thermoplastic resin composition according to the present invention contains a foaming agent, a propylene-based polymer (B) having no long-chain branching excluding an inorganic filler and a propylene-based polymer having a long-chain branching structure
- the mass ratio (mass%) of the two components (A) and the foaming agent is more preferably 80:20 to 98: 2, and preferably 80:20 to 90:10. It can be mentioned as an example.
- the method for producing the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can use a conventional method, and may be appropriately set according to the molding method (extrusion molding, injection molding, vacuum molding, etc.).
- the thermoplastic resin and the inorganic filler may be kneaded and melted before being fed from the hopper, or the thermoplastic resin and the inorganic filler may be kneaded and melted together with the molding machine at the same time as molding.
- Melt-kneading is preferably carried out by applying a high shear stress while uniformly dispersing the inorganic filler in the thermoplastic resin, and kneading is preferably performed, for example, using a twin-screw kneader.
- the thermoplastic resin composition may or may not be in the form of pellets, but when it is in the form of pellets, the shape of pellets is particularly For example, pellets such as cylinders, spheres, and oval spheres may be formed.
- the size of the pellet may be set appropriately according to the shape, but in the case of a spherical pellet, for example, the diameter may be 1 to 10 mm. In the case of an elliptically spherical pellet, it may be an elliptical shape with an aspect ratio of 0.1 to 1.0, and may have a size of 1 to 10 mm. In the case of a cylindrical pellet, it may be in the range of 1 to 10 mm in diameter and in the range of 1 to 10 mm in length. These shapes may be formed on pellets after the kneading step described later. The shape of the pellet may be shaped according to a conventional method.
- the molded article according to the present invention is a molded article molded using the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin composition.
- the shape and the like of the molded article according to the present invention are not particularly limited, and may be in various forms, but may be formed as, for example, a sheet, a container body, and the like.
- the form of the molded product is a sheet
- the thermoplastic resin composition contains a large amount of inorganic filler, for example, a transport failure occurs in an apparatus having a heat setting process such as a laser printer. It is possible to exhibit particularly excellent characteristics of not causing it.
- thermoplastic resin composition according to the present invention contains a large amount of inorganic filler, it has good drawdown characteristics and spreadability at the time of heat melting, so that the forming die has, for example, deep drawing. Even in the present invention, the molded article of the present invention has a desired shape regardless of its shape and the quality is uniform at each portion regardless of its shape.
- the heat resistance and the flame resistance become excellent.
- flame retardancy for example, in accordance with the UL94 standard defined by the US Underwriters Laboratories Safety Laboratory (Underwriters Laboratories lnc.), The UL94 V-1 or higher standard, in particular, the UL94 V-0 standard, and its articles
- UL94 V-1 or higher standard in particular, the UL94 V-0 standard, and its articles
- the tensile strength at 170 ° C. and 180 ° C. does not cause thermal deformation that would cause problems in sheet transportability in an apparatus having a heat setting process such as the above-described laser printer.
- a high improvement in the strength at break and the maximum elongation in the stress-strain curve (SS curve) obtained in the test is obtained.
- the thickness of the molded article according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be various from thin to thick depending on the form of the molded article, for example, the thickness of 40 ⁇ m or more A molded article having a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 ⁇ m to 700 ⁇ m, is shown. If the thickness is within this range, it is possible to form a homogeneous, defect-free molded article without occurrence of uneven thickness without problems of moldability and processability.
- the thickness is 50 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m, and more preferably, the thickness 50 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m. If the sheet has a thickness within such a range, it can be suitably used in place of paper or synthetic paper for general printing, information and packaging applications, and many inorganic fillers are used. Even if it contains, it will be able to exhibit the especially outstanding characteristic of not causing conveyance failure in a device which has a heat setting process like a laser printer, for example.
- the method for producing a molded article according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be molded into a desired shape, and any known method such as extrusion molding, injection molding, vacuum molding, blow molding, calendar molding, etc. It is also possible to perform molding processing. Furthermore, even in the case where the thermoplastic resin composition according to the present invention contains a foaming agent and a molded article of an embodiment which is a foam can be formed into a desired shape, as a foam molding method For example, any of conventionally known liquid phase foaming methods such as injection foaming, extrusion foaming and foam blowing, or solid phase foaming methods such as bead foaming, batch foaming, press foaming and normal pressure secondary foaming etc. Is also possible.
- thermoplastic composition containing crystalline polypropylene as a carrier resin and a hydrogen carbonate as a pyrolytic foaming agent
- an injection foaming method and an extrusion foaming method may be desirably used.
- the molding temperature at the time of molding differs depending on the molding method to some extent, and thus can not be generally defined. However, for example, the temperature is preferably 180 to 260 ° C., more preferably 190 to 230 ° C.
- the thermoplastic composition according to the invention has good drawdown properties, spreadability, and can be formed into a predetermined shape without locally causing modification of the composition.
- the manufacturing method is not particularly limited as long as it is a method of forming into a sheet, and the conventional known molding methods as described above can be used.
- the forming may be a direct method in which the step of kneading and the step of forming into a sheet are continuously performed, and for example, a method using a T-die type twin-screw extruder may be used. Furthermore, in the case of forming into a sheet, it is possible to stretch in a uniaxial direction or a biaxial direction at the time of forming or after forming or in a multiaxial direction (e.g., stretching by a tubular method). In the case of biaxial stretching, it may be sequential biaxial stretching or simultaneous biaxial stretching.
- Stretching for example, longitudinal and / or transverse stretching
- the decrease in density results in good whiteness of the sheet.
- Melt flow rate (MFR): The propylene-based polymer (A) having a long chain branched structure and the propylene-based polymer (B) not having a long chain branched structure are tested according to JIS K 7210-1: 2014 method A condition M, test temperature: 230 ° C., nominal load : 2.16 kg, die shape: measured with a diameter of 2.095 mm and a length of 8.00 mm.
- Pulse angle 90 ° Pulse interval: 15 seconds Integration number: 128 times or more Observation area: -20 ppm to 179 ppm
- the chemical shifts were set based on the methyl carbon peak of hexamethyldisiloxane as 1.98 ppm, and the chemical shifts of the peaks due to other carbons were based on this.
- Branching index g ' [Measuring method]
- GPC Alliance GPCV 2000 (Waters) Detector: listed in order of connection
- Mobile phase flow rate 1 mL / min
- Tensile test The tensile test of the extruded sheet was performed at temperatures of 170 ° C. and 180 ° C. using a tensile / compression small-sized material test IMF-90F6 manufactured by Imoto Machinery Co., Ltd. As a shape of a test piece, dumbbell-shaped No. 7 type of JIS K6251: 2010 was used. The stretching speed was 10 mm / min. The tensile strength, the tensile modulus of elasticity, and the elongation were measured from the obtained stress-strain curve.
- Polypropylene without long chain branching (B): The following were used as polypropylene (B) which does not have long chain branching.
- B1 Polypropylene homopolymer (manufactured by Nippon Polypropylene Corporation: Novatec (trade name) PP EA 9) MFR (JIS K 7210-1: 2014, 230 ° C.): 0.5 g / min
- B 2 Polypropylene homopolymer (Nippon Polypro Co., Ltd. product: Novatec (trade name) PP FY6 C) MFR (JIS K 7210-1: 2014, 230 ° C.): 2.4 g / min
- B3 Polypropylene homopolymer (Nippon Polypro Co., Ltd.
- Polypropylene having long chain branching (A): The following were used as polypropylene (A) which has a long chain branch.
- A1 Metallocene long-chain branched polypropylene (manufactured by Japan Polypropylene Corporation: Waymax (trade name) MFX 8) MFR (JIS K 7210-1: 2014, 230 ° C.): 1.1 g / min Melt tension (230 ° C.): 25 g Isotactic triad fraction (mm): 90% or more Branching index g ': 0.30 or more, less than 1.00
- A2 Metallocene long-chain branched polypropylene (manufactured by Japan Polypropylene Corporation: Waymax (trade name) MFX 6) MFR (JIS K 7210-1: 2014, 230 ° C.): 2.5 g / min Melt tension (230 ° C.): 17 g Isotactic triad fraction (mm): 90% or more Branching index
- Example 1 The above B1 is shown as polypropylene (B) having no long chain branching, the above A1 as polypropylene (A) having a long chain branching structure, the above C1 as an inorganic filler, and the above D1 as a lubricant in Table 1 It used in the mixture ratio.
- Table 1 the numerical value of each component is the value of mass part.
- Each component was mixed for 15 minutes with a 75 liter 3D Banbury mixer made by Kobe Steel, Ltd. The discharged resin temperature was 180 ° C.
- the thickness measured when the sheet obtained in this manner was 200 ⁇ m, there was substantially no deviation at the measurement site, and the entire sheet had a uniform thickness.
- the transportability which is the subject of the present invention, was found to be highly correlated with the improvement of the stretchability in the tensile test at 170 ° C. and 180 ° C., and the effects of the present invention were evaluated by the results of the tensile test.
- Test pieces were prepared under the above conditions and subjected to a tensile test. The obtained results are shown in Table 2.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show stress-distortion lines of Examples obtained by tensile tests at respective temperatures, together with the values of Comparative Example 1 and Reference Examples 1 to 3 described later.
- Example 2 Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Reference Examples 1 to 5
- a sheet having a thickness of 200 ⁇ m was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type and amount of each component in the thermoplastic resin composition were changed as shown in Table 1 below.
- the sheet extruded from the T-die extrusion molding apparatus was extruded in a uniformly foamed state under the same manufacturing conditions as in Example 1. Further, the sheet thus obtained was similarly subjected to a tensile test at 170 ° C. and 180 ° C. The obtained results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 2 since the lubricant was not blended, very slight roughness occurred in the extrusion appearance, but there is no practical problem in the obtained sheet itself, and the same performance as in Example 1 is obtained. Indicated.
- a system containing a propylene polymer (B) not having a long chain branched structure by containing a propylene polymer (A) having a long chain branched structure It can be seen that an effect exceeding the expected value of is exhibited. This is especially noticeable in the 180 ° C. tensile test.
- Example 21 A thermoplastic resin composition having the same composition as that prepared in Example 1 was subjected to the same kneading, strand extrusion, and cutting steps to produce pellets.
- the prepared pellet is injection-molded by a small electric injection molding machine (clamping pressure 18 tf) with a screw diameter of 16 mm under the following injection molding conditions, and a container body with a thickness of 500 ⁇ m having a recess of 2 mm deep x 40 mm wide x 20 mm wide Molded.
- Injection pressure 117 to 122 mPa
- Injection speed 20 mm / sec Holding pressure: 145 MPa Screw rotational speed: 250 rpm
- the injection molding operation can be stably performed without any problem, and there is no flow mark, and no uneven thickness occurs in the molded product, and a molded product of good quality can be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
これらの特許文献1ないし3に示される技術は、主としてシートへの加工過程における物理的な条件等を調整することによって、熱可塑性樹脂に無機充填材を高配合とした場合において、得られるシートの強度、平滑性等の改質を図ろうとするものである。
本発明に係る熱可塑性樹脂組成物の別の一態様においては、前記長鎖分岐構造を有しないポリプロピレン(B)が、メルトフローレート(230℃)が0.3~50.0g/10分のポリプロピレンである熱可塑性樹脂組成物が示される。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、少なくとも熱可塑性樹脂および無機充填材を含有するものであるが、該熱可塑性樹脂として、長鎖分岐構造を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)と長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)とを後述する特定の割合で含有するものである。以下、本発明に係る熱可塑性樹脂組成物を構成する各成分につき、それぞれ詳細に説明する。
本発明に係る熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、熱可塑性樹脂を構成する一成分として長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)を含有する。
本明細書において、「長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体」ないしは「長鎖分岐構造を有するポリプロピレン」とは、ポリプロピレン主鎖骨格から枝分かれしたポリプロピレン鎖を有する構造を有するプロピレン系重合体ないしポリプロピレンを言う。すなわち、「長鎖分岐」とは、モノマーが重合することによって分岐が重合体主鎖に形成されたものを意味し、プロピレン重合体におけるメチル基のように主鎖を形成するモノマーに由来する短鎖分岐は含まない。本明細書において「長鎖分岐」として、より具体的には、プロピレン系重合体の主鎖から分岐した炭素数5以上のプロピレン系重合体残基を示す。炭素数5以上の分岐と炭素数4以下の分岐とは、分岐炭素のピーク位置が異なることにより区別できる(Macromol.chem.phys.2003年、Vol.204、1738頁参照。)。なお、この文献における関連記載部分は、その関連により本明細書中に取り込まれる。
一方、上記ポリプロピレン主鎖骨格は、短鎖分岐を有していても良い直鎖状ポリプロピレンである。
分岐指数g’は、長鎖分岐に関する、直接的な指標として知られている。「Developments in Polymer Characterization-4」(J.V. Dawkins ed. Applied Science Publishers, 1983)(この文献の関連部分の記載はその関連により本明細書中に取り込まれる。)に詳細な説明があるが、分岐指数g’の定義は、以下の通りである。
[η]br:長鎖分岐構造を有するポリマー(br)の固有粘度
[η]lin:ポリマー(br)と同じ分子量を有する線状ポリマーの固有粘度
GPC:Alliance GPCV2000(Waters社)
検出器:接続順に記載
多角度レーザー光散乱検出器(MALLS):DAWN-E(Wyatt Technology社)
示差屈折計(RI):GPC付属
粘度検出器(Viscometer):GPC付属
移動相溶媒:1,2,4-トリクロロベンゼン(0.5mg/mLの濃度で添加)
移動相流量:1mL/分
カラム:東ソー社 GMHHR-H(S) HTを2本連結
試料注入部温度:140℃
カラム温度:140℃
検出器温度:全て140℃
試料濃度:1mg/mL
注入量(サンプルループ容量):0.2175mL
多角度レーザー光散乱検出器(MALLS)から得られる絶対分子量(Mabs)、二乗平均慣性半径(Rg)、および、Viscometerから得られる極限粘度([η])を求めるにあたっては、MALLS付属のデータ処理ソフトASTRA(version4.73.04)を利用し、以下の文献を参考にして計算を行う。
Polymer, 45, 6495-6505(2004)
Macromolecules, 33, 2424-2436(2000)
Macromolecules, 33, 6945-6952(2000)
(これらの文献の関連部分の記載はその関連により本明細書中に取り込まれる。)
さらに、13C-NMRは、上述のように、短鎖分岐構造と長鎖分岐構造を区別することができる。Macromol.Chem.Phys.2003,vol.204,1738(この文献の関連部分の記載はその関連により本明細書中に取り込まれる。)に詳細な説明があるが、以下の通りである。
長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)は、例えば、下記構造式(1)に示すような特定の分岐構造を有する。構造式(1)において、Ca、Cb、Ccは、分岐炭素に隣接するメチレン炭素を示し、Cbrは、分岐鎖の根元のメチン炭素を示し、P1、P2、P3は、プロピレン系重合体残基を示す。なお、P1、P2、P3は、それ自体が、構造式(1)に記載されたCbrとは、別の分岐炭素(Cbr)を含有し得る。
分岐メチン炭素Cbrに近接する3つのメチレン炭素が、ジアステレオトピックに非等価に3本に分かれて観測されることが特徴である。
なお、本明細書における13C-NMRの測定方法については、下記の通りである。
試料200mgをo-ジクロロベンゼン/重水素化臭化ベンゼン(C6D5Br)=4/1(体積比)2.4mlおよび化学シフトの基準物質であるヘキサメチルジシロキサンと共に内径10mmのNMR試料管に入れ溶解し、13C-NMR測定を行う。
13C-NMR測定は直径10mmのクライオプローブを装着したブルカー・バイオスピン(株)のAV400M型NMR装置を用いて行う。
試料の温度120℃、プロトン完全デカップリング法で測定を実施する。その他の条件は以下の通りである。
パルス角:90°
パルス間隔:4秒
積算回数:20000回
化学シフトはヘキサメチルジシロキサンのメチル炭素のピークを1.98ppmとして設定し、他の炭素によるピークの化学シフトはこれを基準とした。
44ppm付近のピークを使用して長鎖分岐量を算出することができる。
パルス角:90°
パルス間隔:15秒
共鳴周波数:100MHz以上
積算回数:128回以上
観測域:-20ppmから179ppm
該3種類のメチル基の化学シフトは、以下の通りである。
mm:24.3ppm~21.1ppm付近
mr:21.2ppm~20.5ppm付近
rr:20.5ppm~19.8ppm付近
長鎖分岐を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)の溶融張力が上記範囲内にあると、これを含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物を用いて成形したシート等の成形品において、上記したような熱固定工程を有する装置内を通過する際における体積膨張速度をより良好に抑制することができ、搬送性の不具合が生じる可能性をより低下させることができる。
測定装置:(株)東洋精機製作所製キャピログラフ1B
キャピラリー:直径2.0mm、長さ40mm
シリンダー径:9.55mm
シリンダー押出速度:20mm/分
引き取り速度:4.0m/分(但し、溶融張力が高すぎて樹脂が破断してしまう場合には、引き取り速度を下げ、引き取りのできる最高の速度で測定する。)
温度:230℃
log(溶融張力)≧-0.9×log(MFR)+0.7、または30≧溶融張力≧15
この条件を溶融張力が満たすことにより、後述する長鎖分岐構造を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)に、当該長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)を配合することによって樹脂組成物の延展性等の加工性を良好なものに保ちつつ、上記したような成形品が熱固定工程を有する装置内を通過するといった際の耐熱性をより向上させることが可能となる。
さらに、次の条件:
log(溶融張力)≧-0.9×log(MFR)+0.9、または30≧溶融張力≧15
を満たすことがより好ましく、以下の条件:
log(溶融張力)≧-0.9×log(MFR)+1.1、または30≧溶融張力≧15
を満たすことがさらに好ましい。
(K):下記一般式(k1)で表される化合物である成分[K-1]から少なくとも1種類と、後記一般式(k2)で表される化合物である成分[K-2]から少なくとも1種類の、2種以上の周期表4族の遷移金属化合物;
(L):イオン交換性層状珪酸塩;および
(M):有機アルミニウム化合物。
(i)成分[K-1]:下記一般式(k1)で表される化合物
また、置換された2-フリル基、置換された2-チエニル基、置換された2-フルフリル基の置換基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基等の炭素数1~6のアルキル基、フッ素原子、塩素原子等のハロゲン原子、メトキシ基、エトキシ基等の炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基、トリアルキルシリル基等が挙げられる。これらのうち、メチル基、トリメチルシリル基が好ましく、メチル基が特に好ましい。
さらに、R1およびR2として、特に好ましくは、2-(5-メチル)-フリル基である。また、R1およびR2は、互いに同一である場合が好ましい。
上記R3およびR4の炭素数6~16の、ハロゲン、珪素、酸素、硫黄、窒素、ホウ素、リン、あるいは、これらから選択される複数のヘテロ元素を含有してもよい、アリール基としては、炭素数6~16になる範囲で、アリール環状骨格上に、1つ以上の、炭素数1~6の炭化水素基、炭素数1~6の珪素含有炭化水素基、炭素数1~6のハロゲン含有炭化水素基を置換基として有していてもよい。
また、一般式(k1)中、Q1は、二つの五員環を結合する、炭素数1~20の2価の炭化水素基、炭素数1~20の炭化水素基を有していてもよいシリレン基またはゲルミレン基のいずれかを示す。シリレン基またはゲルミレン基上に2個の炭化水素基が存在する場合は、それらが互いに結合して環構造を形成していてもよい。
また、上記R7およびR8は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数6~16の、好ましくは炭素数6~12の、ハロゲン、珪素、あるいは、これらから選択される複数のヘテロ元素を含有してもよいアリール基である。好ましい例としては、フェニル、3-クロロフェニル、4-クロロフェニル、3-フルオロフェニル、4-フルオロフェニル、4-メチルフェニル、4-i-プロピルフェニル、4-t-ブチルフェニル、4-トリメチルシリルフェニル、4-(2-フルオロ-4-ビフェニリル)、4-(2-クロロ-4-ビフェニリル)、1-ナフチル、2-ナフチル、4-クロロ-2-ナフチル、3-メチル-4-トリメチルシリルフェニル、3,5-ジメチル-4-t-ブチルフェニル、3,5-ジメチル-4-トリメチルシリルフェニル、3,5-ジクロロ-4-トリメチルシリルフェニル等が挙げられる。
イオン交換性層状珪酸塩(以下、単に珪酸塩と略記することもある。)とは、イオン結合などによって構成される面が、互いに結合力で平行に積み重なった結晶構造を有し、かつ、含有されるイオンが交換可能である珪酸塩化合物をいう。大部分の珪酸塩は、天然では主に粘土鉱物の主成分として産出されるため、イオン交換性層状珪酸塩以外の夾雑物(石英、クリストバライト等)が含まれることが多いが、それらを含んでもよい。それら夾雑物の種類、量、粒子径、結晶性、分散状態によっては純粋な珪酸塩以上に好ましいことがあり、そのような複合体も、触媒成分(L)に含まれる。
使用する珪酸塩は、天然産のものに限らず、人工合成物であってもよく、また、それらを含んでもよい。
珪酸塩は、主成分の珪酸塩が2:1型構造を有する珪酸塩であることが好ましく、スメクタイト族であることがさらに好ましく、モンモリロナイトが特に好ましい。層間カチオンの種類は、特に限定されないが、工業原料として比較的容易にかつ安価に入手し得る観点から、アルカリ金属あるいはアルカリ土類金属を層間カチオンの主成分とする珪酸塩が好ましい。
触媒成分(M)として用いられる有機アルミニウム化合物は、一般式:
(AlR9 qZ3-q)p で示される化合物が好適である。
式中、R9は、炭素数1~20の炭化水素基を示し、Zは、ハロゲン、水素原子、アルコキシ基またはアミノ基を示す。qは1~3の、pは1~2の整数を各々表す。
R9としては、アルキル基が好ましく、また、Zは、それがハロゲンの場合には塩素が、アルコキシ基の場合には炭素数1~8のアルコキシ基が、アミノ基の場合には炭素数1~8のアミノ基が、好ましい。
この式で表される化合物は、単独で、複数種混合してあるいは併用して使用することができる。
各成分の接触は、脂肪族炭化水素あるいは芳香族炭化水素溶媒中で行うのが普通である。接触温度は、特に限定されないが、-20℃~150℃の間で行うのが好ましい。接触順序としては、合目的的な任意の組み合わせが可能であるが、特に好ましいものを各成分について示せば、次の通りである。
触媒成分(L)を使用する場合、触媒成分(K)と触媒成分(L)を接触させる前に、触媒成分(K)と、あるいは触媒成分(L)と、または触媒成分(K)および触媒成分(L)の両方に触媒成分(M)を接触させること、または、触媒成分(K)と触媒成分(L)を接触させるのと同時に触媒成分(M)を接触させること、または、触媒成分(K)と触媒成分(L)を接触させた後に触媒成分(M)を接触させることが可能であるが、好ましくは、触媒成分(K)と触媒成分(L)を接触させる前に、触媒成分(M)といずれかに接触させる方法である。
また、各成分を接触させた後、脂肪族炭化水素あるいは芳香族炭化水素溶媒にて洗浄することが可能である。
この割合を変化させることで、溶融物性と触媒活性のバランスを調整することが可能である。つまり、成分[K-1]からは、低分子量の末端ビニルマクロマーを生成し、成分[K-2]からは、一部マクロマーを共重合した高分子量体を生成する。したがって、成分[K-1]の割合を変化させることで、生成する重合体の平均分子量、分子量分布、分子量分布の高分子量側への偏り、非常に高い分子量成分、分岐(量、長さ、分布)を制御することができ、そのことにより、分岐指数g’、溶融張力、延展性といった溶融物性を制御することができる。
また、上記範囲で成分[K-1]を使用することにより、水素量に対する、平均分子量と触媒活性のバランスを調整することが可能である。
予備重合温度、時間は、特に限定されないが、各々-20℃~100℃、5分~24時間の範囲であることが好ましい。また、予備重合の量は、予備重合ポリマー量が触媒成分(K)に対し、重量比で好ましくは0.01~100、さらに好ましくは0.1~50である。また、予備重合時に触媒成分(M)を添加、または追加することもできる。また、予備重合終了後に洗浄することも可能である。
また、上記の各成分の接触の際もしくは接触の後に、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等の重合体、シリカ、チタニア等の無機酸化物の固体を共存させる等の方法も可能である。
具体的には、不活性溶媒を用いるスラリー法、不活性溶媒を実質的に用いずプロピレンを溶媒として用いる、いわゆるバルク法、溶液重合法あるいは実質的に液体溶媒を用いず各モノマーをガス状に保つ気相法などが採用できる。また、連続重合、回分式重合を行う方法も適用される。また、単段重合以外に、2段以上の多段重合することも可能である。
スラリー重合の場合は、重合溶媒として、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、ペンタン、シクロヘキサン、ベンゼン、トルエン等の飽和脂肪族または芳香族炭化水素の単独または混合物が用いられる。
さらに、気相重合を用いる場合には、40℃以上が好ましく、さらに好ましくは50℃以上である。また上限は100℃以下が好ましく、さらに好ましくは90℃以下である。
重合圧力は、1.0MPa以上5.0MPa以下であることが好ましい。特に、バルク重合を用いる場合には、1.5MPa以上が好ましく、さらに好ましくは2.0MPa以上である。また上限は4.0MPa以下が好ましく、さらに好ましくは3.5MPa以下である。
さらに、分子量調節剤として、また活性向上効果のために、補助的に水素をプロピレンに対してモル比で、好ましくは1.0×10-6以上、1.0×10-2以下の範囲で用いることができる。
そこで水素は、プロピレンに対するモル比で、1.0×10-6以上で用いるのがよく、好ましくは1.0×10-5以上であり、さらに好ましくは1.0×10-4以上用いるのがよい。また上限に関しては、1.0×10-2以下で用いるのがよく、好ましくは0.9×10-2以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.8×10-2以下である。
さらに上記したようなメタロセン系触媒を用いることで、前述したような高い立体規則性のある構造を有するものとすることができる。
本発明に係る熱可塑性樹脂組成物においては、上記した長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)と共に、ベースとなる成分として、長鎖分岐構造を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)を含有する。
しかして本発明に係る熱可塑性組成物においては、上記した長鎖分岐を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)と上記した長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)とが、質量比80:20~98:2の割合で含有される。この範囲内の配合割合とすることで、本発明に係る無機充填材と熱可塑性樹脂とを含む熱可塑性組成物が、(1)長鎖分岐を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)単体、(2)長鎖分岐を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)と無機充填材とを含む熱可塑性組成物、および(3)長鎖分岐を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)と長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)とを含むポリプロピレン系重合体ブレンドと比較して、後述するように170℃および180℃の引張試験で得られる応力-歪曲線(S-S曲線)において、破断点強度および最大伸びの向上が見られ、熱可塑性樹脂組成物が無機充填材を多く含んでいても、シートとして成形した場合に、熱固定工程を有する装置内で搬送不良を発生させないシートとなる。さらに、加熱溶融時のドローダウン特性、延展性も良好である。また、長鎖分岐構造を有するポリプロピレン(A)を上記所定量含有することによって、耐熱性、難燃性も向上する。
本発明に係る熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、樹脂成分としては、前記した長鎖分岐を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)と前記した長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)以外の熱可塑性樹脂も、前記長鎖分岐を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)と前記した長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)とによる所定の効果を大きく損なわないものである限り含有することができるが、樹脂成分全体の質量を100%とした場合に、これら他の熱可塑性樹脂は0~30質量%程度であることが望まれる。すなわち、熱可塑性樹脂組成物における樹脂成分全体の質量を100%とした場合において、前記長鎖分岐を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)と前記長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)の合計量が70質量%~100質量%となることが望まれる。その他の熱可塑性樹脂としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、ポリプロピレン以外のポリオレフィン樹脂(ポリエチレン、プロピレン-エチレン共重合体、ポリブチレン等)、生分解性樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)等が挙げられる。
具体的には、ポリ乳酸、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリブチレンサクシネート、ポリブチレンアジペート、ポリエチレンサクシネート、セルロースエステル等を挙げることができる。また、結晶性高分子は1種単独でもよく、2種以上を用いてもよく、例えば、ポリプロピレンとポリエチレンとを混合したものであってもよい。
本発明に係る熱可塑性樹脂組成物中に配合され得る無機充填材としては、特に限定されず、例えば、カルシウム、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、チタン、鉄、亜鉛などの炭酸塩、硫酸塩、珪酸塩、リン酸塩、ホウ酸塩、酸化物、もしくはこれらの水和物の粉末状のものが挙げられ、具体的には、例えば、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化チタン、シリカ、アルミナ、クレー、タルク、カオリン、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、ケイ酸アルミニウム、ケイ酸マグネシウム、ケイ酸カルシウム、硫酸アルミニウム、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸カルシウム、リン酸マグネシウム、硫酸バリウム、珪砂、カーボンブラック、ゼオライト、モリブデン、珪藻土、セリサイト、シラス、亜硫酸カルシウム、硫酸ナトリウム、チタン酸カリウム、ベントナイト、黒鉛等が挙げられる。これらは合成のものであっても天然鉱物由来のものであってもよく、また、これらは単独で2種類以上併用して使用され得る。
ここで、重質炭酸カルシウムとは、天然の石灰石などを機械的に粉砕・加工して得られるものであって、化学的沈殿反応等によって製造される合成炭酸カルシウムとは明確に区別される。なお、粉砕方法には乾式法と湿式法とがあるが、経済性の観点で、乾式法が好ましい。
なお、上記重質炭酸カルシウムの平均粒子径は、JIS M-8511に準じた空気透過法による比表面積の測定結果から計算した値をいう。測定機器としては、島津製作所社製の比表面積測定装置SS-100型を用いるのが好ましい。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物には、必要に応じて、補助剤としてその他の添加剤を配合することも可能である。その他の添加剤としては、例えば、色剤、滑剤、カップリング剤、流動性改良材、分散剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、難燃剤、安定剤、帯電防止剤、発泡剤等を配合してもよい。これらの添加剤は、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。また、これらは、後述の混練工程において配合してもよく、混練工程の前にあらかじめ樹脂組成物に配合していてもよい。本発明に係る熱可塑性樹脂組成物において、これらのその他の添加剤の添加量は、上記した長鎖分岐を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)および長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)を含む熱可塑性樹脂と、無機充填材との配合による所望の効果を阻害しない限り特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、熱可塑性樹脂組成物全体の質量を100%とした場合に、これらその他の添加剤はそれぞれ0~5質量%程度の割合で、かつ当該その他の添加剤全体で2質量%以下となる割合で配合されることが望まれる。
なお、本発明に係る熱可塑性樹脂組成物が発泡剤を含有する態様において、無機充填材を除いた長鎖分岐を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)+長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)と発泡剤の2成分の質量比(質量%)としては、80:20~98:2の割合であることがより好ましく、80:20~90:10の割合であるものが、好ましい例として挙げることができる。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造方法は、通常の方法を使用することができ、成形方法(押出成形、射出成形、真空成形等)に応じて適宜設定してよく、例えば、成形機にホッパーから投入する前に熱可塑性樹脂と無機充填材とを混練溶融してもよく、成形機と一体で成形と同時に熱可塑性樹脂と無機充填材とを混練溶融してもよい。溶融混練は、熱可塑性樹脂に無機充填材を均一に分散させる傍ら、高い剪断応力を作用させて混練することが好ましく、例えば二軸混練機で混練することが好ましい。
本発明に係る成形品は、上記熱可塑性樹脂組成物を用いて成形された成形品である。
具体的には、難燃性に関しては、例えば、アメリカ保険業者安全試験所(Underwriters Laboratories lnc.)が定めるUL94規格において、UL94 V-1以上、特に、UL94 V-0の規格を、その成形品が発泡体の態様であっても満たすことが可能であり、さらに適切な難燃剤を配合することによってUL 94 5Vというより高い難燃性能を満たすことが可能となる。
本発明に係る成形品の製造方法としては、所期の形状に成形できるものであれば特に限定されず、従来公知の押出成形、射出成形、真空成形、ブロー成形、カレンダー成形等のいずれの方法によっても成形加工可能である。さらにまた、本発明に係る熱可塑性樹脂組成物が発泡剤を含有し、発泡体である態様の成形品を得る場合においても、所期の形状に成形できるものであれば発泡体の成形方法として従来公知の、例えば、射出発泡,押出発泡,発泡ブロー等の液相発泡法、あるいは、例えば、ビーズ発泡,バッチ発泡,プレス発泡,常圧二次発泡等の固相発泡法のいずれを用いることも可能である。前記したように、結晶性ポリプロピレンをキャリアレジンとし、炭酸水素塩を熱分解型発泡剤として含む熱可塑性組成物の一態様においては、射出発泡法および押出発泡法が望ましく用いられ得る。
本発明に係る成形品がシートである態様において、その製造方法としても、シート状にする方法であれば特に限定されず、上記したような従来の公知の成形方法を用いることができるが、特に、シート表面の平滑性を考慮すると、押出機で押出成形してシートを作る方式を採用することが好ましい。微細な無機充填材を混合することは、白色度を向上させるためにも役立つ。
さらに、シート状に成形する場合においては、その成形時あるいはその成形後に一軸方向またはニ軸方向に、ないしは、多軸方向(チューブラー法による延伸等)に延伸することが可能である。ニ軸延伸の場合には、逐次ニ軸延伸でも同時ニ軸延伸であってもよい。
以下の実施例および比較例においての各物性値はそれぞれ以下の方法により評価されたものである。
長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレン系重合体(A)および長鎖分岐構造を有しないプロピレン系重合体(B)は、JIS K7210-1:2014 A法 条件Mに従い、試験温度:230℃、公称荷重:2.16kg、ダイ形状:直径2.095mm、長さ8.00mmで測定した。
東洋精機製作所製キャピログラフを用いて、以下の条件で測定した。
キャピラリー:直径2.0mm、長さ40mm
シリンダー径:9.55mm
シリンダー押出速度:20mm/分
引き取り速度:4.0m/分
試料390mgをo-ジクロロベンゼン/重水素化臭化ベンゼン(C6D5Br)=4/1(体積比)2.6mlおよび化学シフトの基準物質であるヘキサメチルジシロキサンと共に内径10mmのNMR試料管に入れ溶解し、13C-NMR測定を行った。13C-NMR測定は直径10mmのクライオプローブを装着したブルカー・バイオスピン(株)のAV400M型NMR装置を用いて行った。
パルス角:90°
パルス間隔:15秒
積算回数:128回以上
観測域:-20ppmから179ppm
化学シフトはヘキサメチルジシロキサンのメチル炭素のピークを1.98ppmとして設定し、他の炭素によるピークの化学シフトはこれを基準とした。
[測定方法]
GPC:Alliance GPCV2000(Waters社)
検出器:接続順に記載
多角度レーザー光散乱検出器(MALLS):DAWN-E(Wyatt Technology社)
示差屈折計(RI):GPC付属
粘度検出器(Viscometer):GPC付属
移動相溶媒:1,2,4-トリクロロベンゼン(0.5mg/mLの濃度で添加)
移動相流量:1mL/分
カラム:東ソー社 GMHHR-H(S) HTを2本連結
試料注入部温度:140℃
カラム温度:140℃
検出器温度:全て140℃
試料濃度:1mg/mL
注入量(サンプルループ容量):0.2175mL
多角度レーザー光散乱検出器(MALLS)から得られる絶対分子量(Mabs)、二乗平均慣性半径(Rg)、および、Viscometerから得られる極限粘度([η])を求めるにあたっては、MALLS付属のデータ処理ソフトASTRA(version4.73.04)を利用した。
押出成形したシートの引張試験は、(株)井元製作所製、引張・圧縮小型材料試験IMF-90F6を用いて、170℃および180℃の温度で行った。試験片の形状としては、JIS K6251:2010のダンベル状7号型を用いた。延伸速度は10mm/分であった。
得られた応力-歪曲線より、引張強度、引張弾性率、および伸び率を測定した。
以下の実施例および比較例において使用した成分はそれぞれ以下のものであった。
長鎖分岐を有しないポリプロピレン(B)としては、次のものを使用した。
B1: ポリプロピレン単独重合体(日本ポリプロ(株)製:ノバテック(商品名)PP EA9)
MFR(JIS K7210-1:2014、230℃):0.5g/分
B2: ポリプロピレン単独重合体(日本ポリプロ(株)製:ノバテック(商品名)PP FY6C)
MFR(JIS K7210-1:2014、230℃):2.4g/分
B3: ポリプロピレン単独重合体(日本ポリプロ(株)製:ノバテック(商品名)PP MA1B)
MFR(JIS K7210-1:2014、230℃):21.0g/分
B4: ポリプロピレン単独重合体(日本ポリプロ(株)製:ノバテック(商品名)PP BC06C)
MFR(JIS K7210-1:2014、230℃):60.0g/分
長鎖分岐を有するポリプロピレン(A)としては、次のものを使用した。
A1:メタロセン系長鎖分岐ポリプロピレン(日本ポリプロ(株)製:ウェイマックス(商品名)MFX 8)
MFR(JIS K7210-1:2014、230℃):1.1g/分
溶融張力(230℃):25g
アイソタクチックトライアッド分率(mm):90%以上
分岐指数g’:0.30以上、1.00未満
A2:メタロセン系長鎖分岐ポリプロピレン(日本ポリプロ(株)製:ウェイマックス(商品名)MFX 6)
MFR(JIS K7210-1:2014、230℃):2.5g/分
溶融張力(230℃):17g
アイソタクチックトライアッド分率(mm):90%以上
分岐指数g’:0.30以上、1.00未満
A3:メタロセン系長鎖分岐ポリプロピレン(日本ポリプロ(株)製:ウェイマックス(商品名)MFX 3)
MFR(JIS K7210-1:2014、230℃):9.0g/分
溶融張力(230℃):5g
アイソタクチックトライアッド分率(mm):90%以上
分岐指数g’:0.30以上、1.00未満
A4:メタロセン系長鎖分岐ポリプロピレン
MFR(JIS K7210-1:2014、230℃):12.0g/分
溶融張力(230℃):3g
アイソタクチックトライアッド分率(mm):90%以上
分岐指数g’:0.30以上、1.00未満
Z1:超高分子量ポリエチレン(三井化学(株)製、リュブマー(登録商標)L3000)
Z2:ポリメチルペンテン(三井化学(株)製、TPX(登録商標)DX845)
C1:脂肪酸表面処理重質炭酸カルシウム粒子 平均粒径2.2μm(備北粉化工業株式会社製、ライトンS-4)
C2:軽質炭酸カルシウム粒子 平均粒径1.5μm(白石工業(株)製、PC)
D1:ステアリン酸マグネシウム
永和化成工業(株)製 ポリスレンEE275F
長鎖分岐を有しないポリプロピレン(B)として、上記B1を、長鎖分岐構造を有するポリプロピレン(A)として上記A1を、無機充填材として上記C1を、さらに滑剤として上記D1を、表1に示す配合割合において用いた。なお、表1において各成分の数値は質量部の値である。各成分を、株式会社神戸製鋼製75リッター3Dバンバリーミキサーで、15分間混錬した。排出樹脂温度は180℃であった。
上記実施例1と、熱可塑性樹脂組成物中における各成分の種類および量をそれぞれ、下記表1に示すように変更する以外は実施例1と同様にして、肉厚200μmのシートを作製した。なお、実施例12、13については、発泡剤を含む組成であるが、実施例1と同様の製造条件によってTダイ押出成形装置より押出されたシートは均一に発泡した状態で押出された。
さらにこのようにして得られたシートについて、同様にして170℃、180℃での引張試験を行った。得られた結果を表2に示す。なお、実施例2においては、滑剤を配合しなかったものであるため押出外観にごく僅かなざらつきが生じたが、得られたシート自体に実用上の問題はなく、実施例1と同等性能を示した。
実施例1で調製したものと同じ組成の熱可塑性樹脂組成物を、同様の混練、ストランド押出、切断工程を経てペレットを作製した。作製されたペレットを以下の射出成形条件でスクリュー直径16mmの小型電動射出成形機(型締圧18tf)で射出成形を行い、深さ2mmx縦幅40mmx横幅20mmの凹部を有する肉厚500μmの容器体を成形した。
成形温度:210℃
金型温度:47~49℃
射出圧力:117~122mPa
射出速度:20mm/秒
保圧:145MPa
スクリュー回転数;250rpm
Claims (15)
- 少なくとも熱可塑性樹脂および無機充填材を、有してなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物であって、該熱可塑性樹脂には、長鎖分岐を有しないポリプロピレン(B)と長鎖分岐構造を有するポリプロピレン(A)とを、質量比80:20~98:2の割合で含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱可塑性組成物中における前記熱可塑性樹脂と無機充填材の配合割合が質量比で、50:50~10:90の割合である請求項1に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記長鎖分岐構造を有するポリプロピレン(A)が、13C-NMRで測定するアイソタクチックトライアッド分率(mm)が90%以上である長鎖分岐構造を有するポリプロピレンである請求項1または2に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記長鎖分岐構造を有するポリプロピレン(A)が、メルトフローレート(230℃)が1.0~3.0g/10分で、溶融張力(230℃)が5~30gである長鎖分岐構造を有するプロピレンである請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記長鎖分岐構造を有しないポリプロピレン(B)が、メルトフローレート(230℃)が0.3~50g/10分のポリプロピレンである請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記無機充填材が平均粒子径0.1μm以上50.0μm以下のものである請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記無機充填材が炭酸カルシウムである請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記無機充填材が重質炭酸カルシウムである請求項7に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 発泡剤がさらに含有されているものである請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物からなる成形品。
- 成形品がシートである請求項10に記載の成形品。
- 成形品が容器体である請求項10に記載の成形品。
- 成形品が発泡体である請求項10~12のいずれかに記載の成形品。
- 成形品が発泡シートである請求項11に記載の成形品。
- 肉厚50μm以上700μm以下のものである請求項10~14のいずれかに記載の成形品。
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| JP7764297B2 (ja) | 2021-03-31 | 2025-11-05 | 株式会社ユポ・コーポレーション | 押出成形シート、積層体および樹脂組成物 |
| WO2024204307A1 (ja) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-10-03 | 東洋紡エムシー株式会社 | 樹脂組成物及び成型体 |
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|---|---|
| EP3686242A1 (en) | 2020-07-29 |
| US20200224016A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 |
| CA3069885C (en) | 2021-09-07 |
| MY184007A (en) | 2021-03-17 |
| CN111051420B (zh) | 2023-02-10 |
| PH12020550043A1 (en) | 2020-10-12 |
| EP3686242B1 (en) | 2024-12-04 |
| CA3069885A1 (en) | 2019-03-28 |
| KR102216041B1 (ko) | 2021-02-16 |
| KR20200055051A (ko) | 2020-05-20 |
| SA520411170B1 (ar) | 2023-02-01 |
| JP6742044B2 (ja) | 2020-08-19 |
| CN111051420A (zh) | 2020-04-21 |
| PH12020550043B1 (en) | 2022-06-10 |
| EP3686242C0 (en) | 2024-12-04 |
| RU2739990C1 (ru) | 2020-12-30 |
| EP3686242A4 (en) | 2021-06-09 |
| US11643536B2 (en) | 2023-05-09 |
| JPWO2019059222A1 (ja) | 2020-06-18 |
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