WO2019136049A1 - Fibre synthétique à biodégradation améliorée et ses procédés de fabrication - Google Patents

Fibre synthétique à biodégradation améliorée et ses procédés de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019136049A1
WO2019136049A1 PCT/US2019/012028 US2019012028W WO2019136049A1 WO 2019136049 A1 WO2019136049 A1 WO 2019136049A1 US 2019012028 W US2019012028 W US 2019012028W WO 2019136049 A1 WO2019136049 A1 WO 2019136049A1
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Prior art keywords
biodegradation
synthetic
enhanced
fiber according
enhanced fiber
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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PCT/US2019/012028
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English (en)
Inventor
Vanessa Mason
Jon-Alan MINEHARDT
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Primaloft Inc
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Primaloft Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Primaloft Inc filed Critical Primaloft Inc
Priority to CN201980003302.5A priority Critical patent/CN110832124A/zh
Priority to KR1020197038761A priority patent/KR20200100529A/ko
Priority to RU2019144048A priority patent/RU2786589C2/ru
Priority to US16/627,135 priority patent/US20200325599A1/en
Priority to EP19705229.3A priority patent/EP3737782A1/fr
Priority to JP2019571408A priority patent/JP2021509448A/ja
Publication of WO2019136049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019136049A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/12—Physical properties biodegradable

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber (e.g., biodegradation-enhanced polyester fiber), and to methods of forming biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber, insulation comprising biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber, and articles comprising biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber.
  • biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber e.g., biodegradation-enhanced polyester fiber
  • Plastics such as plastics in the polyester family, are industrially mass-produced and used widely throughout the world.
  • thermoplastic or thermoset polymer resins such as resins including polyethylene, are used to form fibers for a myriad of different
  • plastic products are so widely used is their ability to withstand the forces of nature.
  • polyethylene polymers consist of long chains of carbon atoms, which are typically tightly intertwined, that are difficult to be broken down by microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi or any other microscopic organism) that are normally responsible for degrading (i.e., biodegrading) material into water, carbon dioxide, methane and biomass (which is the expired microorganisms).
  • microorganisms e.g., bacteria, fungi or any other microscopic organism
  • degrading i.e., biodegrading
  • polyethylene polymers such as those of the polyester family, may eventually degrade (e.g., biodegrade), they may only do so over a very long period of time. This same characteristic that makes plastics so attractive has led to serious environmental problems.
  • the present disclosure satisfies the need for improved fiber with beneficial degradable qualities.
  • the inventive fiber lends itself toward use in insulation that demonstrates improved biodegradation without undesirably decreasing the strength and/or insulative qualities of the insulation.
  • the present invention may address one or more of the problems and deficiencies of the art discussed above. However, it is contemplated that the invention may prove useful in addressing other problems and deficiencies in a number of technical areas. Therefore, the claimed invention should not necessarily be construed as limited to addressing any of the particular problems or deficiencies discussed herein.
  • this disclosure provides a synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber.
  • the fiber may comprise a polymer material (such as a polyester), and less than or equal to 10 wt % of a biodegradation additive that enhances the biodegradation rate of the polymer material.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may have a denier of 1 or less.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may have a denier of greater than 1.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may be siliconized.
  • this disclosure provides insulation material comprising the biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber of the first aspect.
  • this disclosure provides an article comprising the synthetic fiber of the first aspect, or the insulation material of the second aspect.
  • this disclosure provides a method of making the synthetic product
  • the method of making the synthetic biodegradation- enhanced fiber, insulation material and/or article may comprise mixing biodegradation particles and a polymer material to form a biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture, and extruding the biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture into a fiber form.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may have a denier of 1 or less.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may have a denier of greater than 1.
  • the method may include performing one or more additional processing steps, such as siliconizing the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber provides improved biodegradation properties, thereby lending itself toward“environmentally friendly” fibers, monofilaments, fill, yarn, woven and nonwoven materials (e.g., insulation materials), articles (e.g., apparel, footwear, bedding, fabrics, mechanical belts and industrial products) and/or textiles.
  • “environmentally friendly” fibers monofilaments, fill, yarn, woven and nonwoven materials (e.g., insulation materials), articles (e.g., apparel, footwear, bedding, fabrics, mechanical belts and industrial products) and/or textiles.
  • Embodiments of the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may be micro denier or macro-denier synthetic (e.g., polyester) fiber with improved biodegradation properties, that may maintain, inter alia , a silky hand feel and heightened water repellency during normal use (e.g., before being discarded in a microbial biodegradation environment, such as in a landfill or seawater).
  • FIG. 1 is a side perspective view of a container with a mixture of biodegradation particles/additives and a polymer material according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is side view of a synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of a pellet embodiment containing a mixture of the polymer material and biodegradation particles;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is cross-sectional view a siliconized synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Biodegradation is the degradation, disintegration, decay, breakdown or transformation of a material into innocuous products, particularly water, carbon dioxide, methane and biomass, by the action of living things, particularly microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi or any other microscopic organisms) and enzymes secreted/produced thereby. Biodegradation may occur aerobically (with oxygen present) or anaerobically (without oxygen present). Decomposition of biodegradable substances may include both biological and abiotic steps.
  • the invention provides a biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber comprising:
  • Denier is a unit of measure defined as the weight in grams of 9,000 meters of a fiber or yam. It is a common way to specify the weight (or size) of the fiber or yarn. For example, traditional polyester fibers that are 1.0 denier typically have a diameter of approximately 10 micrometers. Micro-denier fibers are those having a denier of 1.0 or less, while macro-denier fibers have a denier greater than 1.0.
  • the denier of the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers of the present disclosure may be micro-denier fibers.
  • the synthetic biodegradation- enhanced fiber may be micro-denier fibers with a denier equal to or less than 1.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers may be micro-denier fibers with a denier less than 1.0, within the range of 0.5 to 1.0, or within the range of 0.7 to 0.9.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may be micro-denier fibers with a denier of 0.1 to 1.0 (e.g., 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 or 1.0), including any and all ranges and subranges therein.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may include a denier of 0.5 to 7, such as fibers utilized as staple fibers used as loose fill insulation.
  • the biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber is a fiber with a denier (d) wherein 0.4 ⁇ d ⁇ 200 (e.g., d is 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9,
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers are macro-denier fibers with a denier that is greater than 1.0 and less than or equal to 15.0, (for example, in some embodiments, the synthetic fiber has a denier of 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0, 2.1,
  • 15.0 including any and all ranges and subranges therein (e.g., 1.1 to 15.0, 1.1 to 12.0, 1.1 to 10.0, 1.1 to 8.0, 1.1 to 6.0, 1.1 to 5.0, 1.1 to 4.0, 1.1 to 3.0, 1.1 to 2.0, etc.).
  • the biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber is macro-denier monofilament fiber.
  • the denier of the biodegradation-enhanced synthetic monofilament fiber may be within the range of 3 to 1,000 (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
  • the biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber may be monofilament fiber with a thickness (diameter) within the range of 0.5 mm to 6 mm (e.g., 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7,
  • 6.0 mm including any and all ranges and subranges therein (e.g., 0.5 to 5 mm, 0.5 to 4 mm, 0.5 to 3 mm, 0.5 to 2 mm, 0.5 to 1.5 mm, 0.5 to 1.4 mm, 0.5 to 1.3 mm, 0.5 to 1.2 mm, 0.5 to 1.1 mm, 0.5 to 1.0 mm, 0.5 to 0.9 mm, 0.5 to 0.8 mm, 0.5 to 0.7 mm, etc.).
  • ranges and subranges therein e.g., 0.5 to 5 mm, 0.5 to 4 mm, 0.5 to 3 mm, 0.5 to 2 mm, 0.5 to 1.5 mm, 0.5 to 1.4 mm, 0.5 to 1.3 mm, 0.5 to 1.2 mm, 0.5 to 1.1 mm, 0.5 to 1.0 mm, 0.5 to 0.9 mm, 0.5 to 0.8 mm, 0.5 to 0.7 mm, etc.
  • the biodegradation-enhanced fibers are biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fibers.
  • Persons having ordinary skill in the art are readily familiar with many synthetic fibers, and it is well within their purview to select an appropriate synthetic fiber depending on desired properties of the textile, fill, batting and/or article within which it is intended to be employed.
  • Embodiments of the inventive biodegradation-enhanced fibers can comprise any synthetic fiber known in the art as being conducive to the preparation of textile materials.
  • nonexclusive synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers that may be used in the invention are selected from nylon, polyester, polypropylene, polylactic acid (PLA), poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA), polyamide (e.g., nylon/polyamide 6.6, polyamide 6, polyamide 4, polyamide 11, and polyamide 6.10, etc.), acrylic, acetate, polyolefin, rayon, lyocell, aramid, spandex, viscose, and modal fibers, and combinations thereof.
  • synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers comprise polyester biodegradation-enhanced fibers.
  • the polyester is selected from poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(hexahydro-p-xylylene terephthalate), poly(butylene terephthalate), poly- 1,4- cyclohexelyne dimethylene (PCDT), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), and terephthalate copolyesters in which at least 85 mole percent of the ester units are ethylene terephthalate or hexahydro-p-xylylene terephthalate units.
  • the polyester is polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers comprise virgin polymer material, such as virgin polyester (e.g., PET).
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers comprise recycled polymer material (e.g., polyester, such a PET), such as post-consumer recycled (PCR) polymer material (e.g., polyester, such as PET).
  • virgin polymer material such as virgin polyester (e.g., PET).
  • synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers comprise recycled polymer material (e.g., polyester, such a PET), such as post-consumer recycled (PCR) polymer material (e.g., polyester, such as PET).
  • PCR post-consumer recycled
  • the biodegradation-enhanced fibers are dry fibers (i.e., non- slickened, e.g., non-siliconized fibers).
  • the biodegradation- enhanced fibers are slickened fibers, e.g., siliconized fibers.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber of the present disclosure may comprise at least 90 weight % polymer material.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may comprise 90 to 99.9 wt% polymer material (e.g., 90.0, 90.1,
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers may comprise 0.1 to 15 wt %
  • biodegradation particles or additives e.g., 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2,
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber comprises .1 to 15 vol. % biodegradation particles or additives (e.g., 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1,
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber of the present disclosure may comprise equal to or less than 10 weight % biodegradation particles or additives.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may comprise equal to or less than 10.0, 9.9, 9.8, 9.7, 9.6, 9.5, 9.4, 9.3, 9.2, 9.1, 9.0, 8.9, 8.7, 8.6, 8.5, 8.4, 8.3,
  • Embodiments of the inventive biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber provide polymeric fibers within which biodegradation particles or additive(s) are embedded in polymer material.
  • the biodegradation particles or additives may themselves be biodegradable and may also enhance and/or accelerate the biodegradation of the polymer material as compared to if the biodegradation particles are not present, as described above.
  • the biodegradation particles are homogenously mixed within the polymer material, meaning, the mixture of polymer material and biodegradation particles comprised within the synthetic fiber has a substantially uniform composition (i.e., 90 - 100% uniform composition, e.g., at least 90.0, 90.1, 90.2, 90.3, 90.4, 90.5,
  • the differing biodegradation particles themselves may be of a substantially uniform composition (i.e., 90 - 100% uniform composition, e.g., at least 90.0, 90.1, 90.2, 90.3, 90.4, 90.5, 90.6, 90.7, 90.8, 90.9, 91.0,
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber within the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber, the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber, the
  • biodegradation particles may be, for example, completely or at least partially covered by the polymer material.
  • at least 25% of the biodegradation particles present e.g., greater than 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, or 95%) may be at least partially uncovered by the polymer material and/or at least partially exposed at an exterior surface of the polymer material.
  • the biodegradation particles or additive may include at least one organic compound.
  • the biodegradation particles or additive may include at least one of an aliphatic-aromatic ester, a polylactide, an organoleptic, a monosaccharide, an aldohexose or a combination thereof.
  • the biodegradation additive may include at least one aliphatic-aromatic ester, at least one polylactide (PLA), at least one organoleptic, at least one monosaccharide, and at least one aldohexose.
  • the aliphatic-aromatic ester and/or the polylactide may act to bond at least one other biodegradation additive component to the polymer material (e.g., a polyester).
  • the aliphatic-aromatic ester and/or the polylactide may be a carrier resin for the other component(s) of the biodegradation additive.
  • the aliphatic- aromatic ester, and/or the polylactide may act a hydrolysis component to increase the hydrolytic quality of the polymer material and the fiber as a whole.
  • the aliphatic-aromatic ester, polylactide and/or the polymer material chains may be split via hydrolysis by water, such as due to the scission of an ester bond.
  • the aliphatic-aromatic ester and/or the polylactide may facilitate acid hydrolysis, water hydrolysis and/or alkaline hydrolysis of the polymer material by chemical and/or enzymatic treatment.
  • the aliphatic-aromatic ester and/or the polylactide e.g., within the polymer material of the fiber
  • the aliphatic-aromatic ester comprises poly[(l,4- butylene terephthalate)-co-(l, 4-butylene adipate)] (poly[(tetram ethylene terephthalate)-co-(tetram ethylene adipate)]) (BTA).
  • the aliphatic-aromatic ester component of the biodegradation additive may be formed at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or ester thereof, at least one diol (such as, and not limited to, l,4-butanediol and at least one polyfunctional aromatic acid (such as, and not limited to, furan dicarboxylic acid) or ester thereof.
  • the aliphatic-aromatic ester component may have more than 60 mol percent aromatic acid content.
  • the aliphatic-aromatic ester component of the biodegradation additive may comprise an acid component (e.g., comprising an aromatic carboxylic acid and an aliphatic acid (e.g., azelaic acid) and a diol component (e.g., selected from the group consisting of C3, C4 and C6 diols).
  • the aliphatic- aromatic ester component of the biodegradation additive may comprise a polymerization reaction product of a dihydric alcohol, and an aromatic dicarboxy compound (e.g., an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, aromatic dicarboxylic (Cl-3)alkyl ester, or a combination thereof), and an adipic acid.
  • an aromatic dicarboxy compound e.g., an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, aromatic dicarboxylic (Cl-3)alkyl ester, or a combination thereof
  • PHA polylactide
  • the polylactide (PLA) component of the biodegradation additive may be one or more bioactive thermoplastic aliphatic polyester (e.g., derived from a renewable resource).
  • the polylactide component may comprise poly-L-lactide (PLLA), poly-D-lactide (PDLA), poly(L-lactide-co-D,L-lactide) (PLDLLA).
  • PLA may primarily degrade via abiotic hydrolysis. For example, degradation of PLA may occur in stages, the first being diffusion of water into the material, hydrolysis of ester bonds and lowering of molecular weight followed by intracellular uptake of lactic acid oligomers and catabolism.
  • many differing microorganisms may also degrade PLA, such as proteases, actinomycetes, fungus and/or compost microorganisms.
  • the organoleptic component of the biodegradation additive may be configured to attract microorganisms present in an environment suitable for biodegradation that degrade (or cause degradation), or attract other microorganisms that degrade (or cause degradation), of the polymer material (and potentially the components biodegradation additive itself).
  • the organoleptic component of the biodegradation additive may be configured to attract one or more of the exemplary microorganisms discussed below.
  • biodegradation additive is configured to stimulate one or more sense organ of microorganisms (such as a taste, color, odor, or feel) to attract the microorganisms to the biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber and accelerate biodegradation.
  • sense organ of microorganisms such as a taste, color, odor, or feel
  • the organoleptic component of the biodegradation additive may comprise cultured colloids and natural or manmade fibers.
  • the organoleptic component may comprise organoleptic organic chemicals as swelling agents i.e. natural fibers, cultured colloids, cyclo-dextrin, polylactic acid, etc.
  • the organoleptic component of the biodegradation additive may comprise a 3,5-dimethyl-pentenyl-dihydro-2(3H)-furanone isomer mixture.
  • the organoleptic component nay be in the range equal to or greater than 0-20% by weight of the biodegradation additive.
  • the organoleptic component agent is 20-40%, 40-60%, 60-80% or 80-100% by weight of the total biodegradation additive.
  • the monosaccharide (and/or a polysaccharide) and/or aldohexose components of the biodegradation additive may act as food or consumable material for the microorganisms to attract microorganisms and/or maintain microorganism activity that, ultimately, causes the polymer material of the fiber (and thereby the fiber itself) to be broken down.
  • the monosaccharide may be glucose.
  • the monosaccharide may be D- glucose, D-galactose, and D-mannose.
  • the monosaccharide is D-glucose.
  • the monosaccharide and/or aldohexose components may be bonded to monomers of the polymer material of the fiber. In some embodiments, during formation of the fiber, at least some of the monosaccharide and/or aldohexose components may be substituted into the polymer.
  • the biodegradation particles or additive may facilitate or effectuate rapid biodegradation of the fiber (i.e., the polymer material thereof), even in an anaerobic environment.
  • the biodegradation additive may assist microorganisms in breaking down the polyester into C0 2 , H 2 0, CH4, and biomass (which are the expired microorganisms) at a significantly faster rate than as compared to without the additives.
  • the biodegradation additive may allow initial microorganisms (or microbes) to consume C-C bonds within the polymer material at a
  • the initial microorganisms may thereby from indentations, caves, cavities or other open areas that extend into the polymer material of the fiber. In this way, the additives and the initial microorganisms create a greater or increased exposed surface area of the polymer, allowing plastophilic microbes to attach themselves thereto within the openings of the polymer (rather than only on the exterior surface of the polymer). The biodegradation rate of the polymer material is thereby increased or advanced.
  • the biodegradation additive may increase the biodegradation rate of the polymer material, as compared to the biodegradation rate thereof without the additive, in diverse ways.
  • the additive may increase the hydrolysis/condensation stage of the biodegradation of the fiber, the acidogenesis stage of the biodegradation of the fiber, the acetogenesis stage of the biodegradation of the fiber, the methanogenesis stage of the biodegradation of the fiber, or a combination thereof.
  • the biodegradation additive may increase the hydrolytic quality of the fiber (or polymer material). Hydrolysis may tend to break down the chains of the polymer material, and thereby cause condensation (i.e., the build-up of water).
  • hydrolysis/condensation stage of the fiber/polymer material effectuated or more rapidly effectuated by the biodegradation additive, may break down the polymer material of the fiber into various sugars.
  • acidogenic microorganisms may breakdown the organic matter or biomass resulting from the hydrolysis/condensation stage, other biomass of the polymer material and/or the additive.
  • the acidogenic microorganisms e.g., fermentative bacteria
  • the acidogenic microorganisms may produce an acidic environment while creating various acids, alcohols and volatile fatty acids, such as ammonia, 3 ⁇ 4, CO2, H2S, short volatile fatty acids, carbonic acids, trace amounts of other byproducts, or a combination thereof.
  • the acidogenic microorganisms may thereby produce partially-broken down biomass of/from the polymer material.
  • microorganisms may further breakdown the biomass of/from the polymer material in to acetic acid, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, or a combination thereof.
  • acetogenesic microorganisms such as acetogens, may convert the biomass into acetate from carbon and other energy sources.
  • the acetogenesic microorganisms or acetogens may break down the biomass to a point to which methanogenic microorganisms can utilize much of the remaining polymer material.
  • methanogenic microorganisms or methanogens may breakdown the biomass of/from the polymer material (and potentially some of the intermediate products from hydrolysis and acidogenesis stages) into methane, water, and carbon dioxide, or a combination thereof.
  • the methanogenic microorganisms or methanogens may breakdown the biomass of/from the polymer material (and potentially some of the intermediate products from hydrolysis and acidogenesis stages) into methane, water, and carbon dioxide, or a combination thereof.
  • the methanogenic microorganisms or methanogens may breakdown the biomass of/from the polymer material (and potentially some of the intermediate products from hydrolysis and acidogenesis stages) into methane, water, and carbon dioxide, or a combination thereof.
  • the methanogenic microorganisms or methanogens may breakdown the biomass of/from the polymer material (and potentially some of the intermediate products from hydrolysis and acidogenesis stages) into methane, water, and carbon dioxide, or a combination thereof.
  • microorganisms may utilize acetic acid and carbon dioxide (the two main products from the hydrolysis/condensation stage, acidogenesis stage and acetogenesis stage) to create methane in methanogenesis.
  • the methanogens may utilize C0 2 and Fh to form CH 4 and FhO.
  • the methanogens may utilize CH 3 COOH to form CH 4 and C0 2. While the C02 may be converted into methane and water through the reaction, the main mechanism to create methane in methanogenesis may be the path involving acetic acid. In some embodiments, the acetic acid path may create methane and C0 2. Further, as the biomass of the fiber/polymer material dissipates, the microorganism themselves may die off and thereby create further biomass.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers of the present disclosure more quickly biodegrade as compared to fibers having similar compositions but lacking the biodegradation particles.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers of the present disclosure may fully biodegrade (e.g., be converted to water, carbon dioxide, methane and biomass or a combination thereof) within 10 years when disposed in an environment suitable for biodegradation (aerobic or anaerobic), such as in a landfill, compost pile/facility,
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers of the present disclosure may fully biodegrade within about 9.5, 9, 8.5, 8, 7.5, 7, 6.5 or 6 years when disposed in an environment suitable to biodegradation (i.e., includes microorganisms that consume or otherwise break down the materials of the synthetic fiber into water, carbon dioxide, methane or a combination thereof.
  • at least 25% by mass of the synthetic biodegradation- enhanced fibers of the present disclosure may biodegrade within about 3, 2.5, 2 or 1.5 years when disposed in an environment suitable to biodegradation.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber of the present disclosure meets or exceeds the standards for biodegradability as determined according to ASTM D6400-12, Standard Specification for Labeling of Plastics Designed to be Aerobically Composted in Municipal or Industrial Facilities, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference).
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber of the present disclosure may be siliconized.
  • the term“siliconized” is used herein to refer to a fiber that is coated with a silicon-comprising composition (e.g., a silicone). Siliconization techniques are well known in the art, and are described, e.g., in U.S. Patent No. 3,454,422.
  • the silicon comprising composition may be applied using any method known in the art, e.g., spraying, mixing, dipping, padding, etc. the fiber.
  • the silicon-comprising (e.g., silicone) composition which may include an organosiloxane or polysiloxane, bonds to an exterior portion of the fiber.
  • the silicon-comprising (e.g., silicone) composition may thereby extend fully about the polymer material and the biodegradation additives contained at least partially within the polymer material.
  • the silicon-comprising (e.g., silicone) composition may be void of the biodegradation additives.
  • the silicone coating is a polysiloxane such as a
  • methylhydrogenpolysiloxane modified methylhydrogenpolysiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, or amino modified dimethylpolysiloxane.
  • silicon-comprising is known in the art, the silicon-comprising
  • composition may be applied directly to a fiber, or may be diluted with a solvent as a solution or emulsion, e.g. an aqueous emulsion of a polysiloxane, prior to application. Following treatment, the coating may be dried and/or cured.
  • a catalyst may be used to accelerate the curing of the silicon-comprising composition (e.g., polysiloxane containing Si-H bonds) and, for convenience, may be added to a silicon-comprising composition emulsion, with the resultant combination being used to treat the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber.
  • Suitable catalysts include iron, cobalt, manganese, lead, zinc, and tin salts of carboxylic acids such as acetates, octanoates, naphthenates and oleates.
  • carboxylic acids such as acetates, octanoates, naphthenates and oleates.
  • the fiber may be dried to remove residual solvent and then optionally heated to between 65° and 200° C to cure.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may be crimped or uncrimped. Various crimps, including spiral (i.e., helical) and standard crimp, are known in the art.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may have any desired crimp.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber is a staple fiber (i.e., a fiber having a standardized length).
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber is a staple fiber (i.e., a fiber having a standardized length).
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber is a staple fiber (i.e., a fiber having a standardized length).
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber is a staple fiber (i.e., a fiber having a standardized length).
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber is a staple fiber (i.e., a fiber having a standardized length).
  • biodegradation-enhanced fiber is a staple fiber having a length of 5 to 120 mm (e.g., 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber is a staple fiber having a length of 8 to 51 mm (and potentially deniers of 0.5 to 7) for loose fill insulation.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber is a filament.
  • a filament is a single long threadlike continuous textile fiber/strand. Unlike staple fibers, which are of finite length, filaments are of indefinite length, and can run for yards or miles (or e.g., where employed in yarn, can run the entire length of yarn). In some embodiments, the filament ranges in length from 5 inches to several miles, including any and all ranges and subranges therein. For example, in some embodiments, the filament may be at least 5 inches in length (e.g., at least 5, 6,
  • the filaments may be at least 1 foot in length (e.g., at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54,
  • Filaments may be created by a process known as extrusion (which can also be called melt spinning).
  • extrusion which can also be called melt spinning.
  • the resultant biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture may be extruded as an biodegradation-enhanced polymer pellet.
  • a plurality of pellets including at least the biodegradation-enhanced polymer pellet, may be extruded into fiber.
  • pellets can be extruded through well-known techniques, such as by bringing them to or beyond their melting point, thereby forming liquid biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture, then forcing the liquid biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture through a dye called a spinneret.
  • the spinneret often has many small holes through which the liquid passes.
  • the liquid polymer streams are cooled upon exiting the spinneret, resulting in long strands of continuous synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers.
  • the extruded filaments may optionally be combined with those of another (e.g., an adjoining) spinneret to increase the number of filaments in a bundle.
  • a bundle of filaments maybe drawn (stretched) to make each filament thinner, and may optionally be texturized, as described below.
  • the extruded filaments may not be combined with one or more other filament and thereby configured/utilized as a monofilament (i.e., a single, continuous synthetic biodegradation-enhanced filament (or strand)).
  • the monofilament fibers may be utilized as single strand filaments or as a plurality of strands of fiber.
  • Texturizing techniques may be performed on filament bundles (used, e.g., in yarn) to disrupt the parallelization of the filaments, and used on monofilaments to texturize the monofilaments. Such techniques may serve, for example, to add bulk without adding weight, which can make the resultant yarn seem lighter in weight, have improved hand-feel (softness), appear more opaque, and/or have improved temperature insulating properties. While any art- acceptable texturizing processes may be employed, examples of texturizing processes conducive to use in the invention include crimping, looping, coiling, crinkling, twisting then untwisting and knitting then deknitting.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may be void of a lubricious additive, such as that disclosed in U.S. 3,324,060.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers may be configured as high-melt or non-bonding (or non-binder) fibers, such as fibers with a bonding temperature greater than 200 °C.
  • high-melt or non-bonding fibers have a bonding temperature higher than the softening temperature of other synthetic fibers present in a fiber mixture.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers may be configured as bonding fibers, such as fibers with a bonding temperature less than or equal to 200 °C.
  • binder fibers have a bonding temperature lower than the softening temperature of other synthetic fibers present in a fiber mixture.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced binder fibers have a bonding temperature of less than or equal to 200 °C.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced binder fibers have a bonding temperature of 50 to 200 °C (e.g., 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129,
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced binder fibers have a bonding temperature of 80 °C to 150 °C. In some embodiments, the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced binder fibers have a bonding temperature of 100 °C to 125 °C. In some embodiments, the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced binder fibers comprise low-melt polyester fibers.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced binder fibers are bicomponent fibers comprising an exterior and interior (commonly known in the art as a sheath and core), wherein the exterior comprises a material having a lower melting point than the interior.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced binder fibers are monocomponent fibers.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber additionally comprises one or more additional additives.
  • the synthetic fiber additionally comprises aerogel.
  • the synthetic fiber additionally comprises aerogel particles, as in, e.g., the synthetic fiber described in International Application Publication No. WO 2017/087511.
  • the inventive fiber comprises 0.1 to 15 wt % aerogel particles, including any and all ranges and subranges therein (e.g., 1 to 10 wt %, 0.5 to 4.5 wt%, 1 to 4.5 wt %, 2 to 4.5 wt %, etc.), said aerogel particles having an average diameter of 0.3 to 20 pm, including any and all ranges and subranges therein (e.g., 0.8 to 2 pm).
  • any and all ranges and subranges therein e.g., 1 to 10 wt %, 0.5 to 4.5 wt%, 1 to 4.5 wt %, 2 to 4.5 wt %, etc.
  • said aerogel particles having an average diameter of 0.3 to 20 pm, including any and all ranges and subranges therein (e.g., 0.8 to 2 pm).
  • inventive synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may be advantageously employed.
  • embodiments of the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber and insulation according to the invention find use in many different industries.
  • Non-limiting examples include use in: textile fabrics, e.g., paper machine clothing, porous and/or non-porous textile mechanical belts, wet filters/filtration, dry filter/filtration, etc.
  • the fiber could be used as, e.g., a monofilament); refrigerated trucks; pipelines (e.g., petrochemical pipelines); aerospace applications (e.g., aerospace insulation panels); cryogenic storage tanks; fuel cells; car battery (e.g., electric car battery) protection; mechanical textile belts (wet; any other fabric, fabric-like or insulative applications, etc.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber and insulation according to the invention may be utilized as/in electrical cables and cable assemblies, 3D printer filament, fishing line, eyewear retainers, industrial fastening systems, thread, woven or knitted narrow fabrics, interlayer material (e.g., in double wall tanks or the like), braided reinforcement for cables and/or tubing, knitting needle cables, wet/liquid filters (e.g., water filters/filtration), dry/gas filters (air filters), braided ropes and cords, mist eliminators/stack scrubbers, woven flexible conduit, netting, dental applicators, automobile or industrial fabrics, waistbands, brushes/brooms, weather seals, medical devices, ultra-violet stabilized fabrics, infusion flow reinforcement textiles, hook and loop fastening systems, mesh, whisker disks, etc.
  • interlayer material e.g., in double wall tanks or the like
  • wet/liquid filters e.g., water filters/filtration
  • dry/gas filters air filters
  • the invention provides insulation material comprising the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber.
  • the insulation material may comprise synthetic
  • the insulation material may comprise synthetic biodegradation-enhanced binder fibers (and potentially synthetic non- biodegradation-enhanced binder fibers).
  • the insulation material may be heat treated so as to melt all or a portion of the binder fibers, thereby forming a thermally bonded insulation.
  • binder fibers are included in the fiber mixture, said fibers may be wholly or partially melted fibers, as opposed to binder fibers in their original, pre-heat treatment form.
  • biodegradation-enhanced fiber of the present disclosure may generally be used in place of or in supplement to synthetic or natural fiber used in or as insulation material.
  • the insulation material is fabric, fleece, a pad, blowable insulation material, a non-woven web, vertically lapped batting or horizontally lapped batting.
  • the insulation material is textile insulation material (i.e., insulation material used in the textile field).
  • the insulation material is blowable insulation or filling material, comprising a plurality of discrete, longitudinally elongated floccules each formed of a plurality of synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers according to the first aspect of the invention, the floccules including a relatively open enlarged medial portion and relatively condensed twisted tail portions extending from opposing ends of the medial portion.
  • the insulation material is a blowable floccule insulation as described in
  • the invention provides batting comprising the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber.
  • the batting has a thickness of 1 mm to
  • 160 mm e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77,
  • the thickness is less than or equal to 40 mm, e.g., 2 to 40 mm.
  • the batting has a density of 1 to 10 kg/m3 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 kg/m3), including any and all ranges and subranges therein. In some embodiments, the batting range in weights from 25 GSM to 200 GSM.
  • the invention provides yam comprising the synthetic
  • biodegradation-enhanced fibers woven, knitted, twisted, braided or otherwise combined. Such yam may be utilized to form a biodegradation-enhanced textile or other biodegradation-enhanced article from the fibers.
  • Clo is a unit used to measure the thermal resistance of clothing.
  • a value of 1.0 clo is defined as the amount of insulation that allows a person at rest to maintain thermal equilibrium in an environment at 2l°C (70°F) in a normally ventilated room (0.1 m/s air movement). Typically, above this temperature the person so dressed will sweat, whereas below this temperature the person will feel cold. Clothing and/or its components can be assigned a clo value. Higher clo indicates an article is warmer than another article with a comparatively lower clo.
  • insulation e.g. as batting, loose fill, etc.
  • insulation comprising the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber has a thermal performance rating of at least 0.80 clo/oz/yd 2 .
  • the insulation has a thermal performance rating of at least 1.0 clo/oz/yd 2 .
  • the invention provides an article comprising the synthetic
  • biodegradation-enhanced fiber of the first aspect of the invention or the insulation material of the second aspect of the invention.
  • the article is an article of footwear (e.g., shoes, socks, slippers, boots), outerwear (e.g. outerwear garments such as a jacket, coat, shoe, boot, pants (e.g., snow pants, ski pants, etc.) glove, mitten, scarf, hat, etc.), clothing/apparel (e.g., shirts, pants, undergarments (e.g., underwear, thermal underwear, socks, hosiery, etc.), sleepwear (e.g., pajamas, nightgown, robe, etc.)), active wear (e.g., clothing, including footwear, worn for sport or physical exercise), sleeping bag, bedding (e.g., comforter), pillow, cushion, pet bed, home good, etc.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber is comprised within at least a part of one of the articles listed above.
  • the invention provides a non-limiting method of making the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber or an article comprising the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber (e.g., clothing, insulation material, etc.).
  • the method may comprise:
  • the one more additional processing steps may include siliconizing the biodegradation-enhanced fiber.
  • method may include, for example, obtaining raw, pure or“new” polymer.
  • the process may make use of recycled or waste polymer (e.g., leftover polymer from other processes or polymer from other products).
  • the method may optionally include purifying the recycled or waste polymer to remove contaminants from the recycled or waste polymer. Once contaminants are removed, the recycled or waste polymer may be combined with the
  • the biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture may be directly extruded into fiber.
  • the biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture may be extruded or otherwise formed into an intermediary product (e.g., pellets) that can later be used to make fiber.
  • an intermediary product e.g., pellet
  • the intermediary product may optionally later be mixed with other material (e.g., other polymer material or other pellets that comprise a different or further biodegradation particles, or no biodegradation particles) so as to control and achieve a desired loading percent of biodegradation particles in subsequently-formed fiber.
  • Embodiments of the inventive method comprise forming fiber, either directly from the biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture, or from the intermediary products (e.g., pellets), using appropriate textile fiber production methods, as are well known in the art.
  • the textile fiber production method may include, for example, melt spinning, wet spinning, dry spinning, gel spinning, electro spinning, and the like as known in the art.
  • a mixture e.g., the biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture, or a mixture containing the intermediary products - for example, a mixture comprising melted intermediary products and optionally one or more other materials
  • spinnerets may be extruded through spinnerets to form continuous filaments.
  • the continuous filaments may then be manipulated by, for example, drawing, texturizing, crimping, and/or cutting, or another known method in the art, to form fibers in the most usable form for their final application.
  • the continuous filaments may be cut to a specific length and packaged into a bale.
  • the bale may then be sent, e.g., to a yarn spinner that processes the staple fibers into yam (which could be further processed, e.g., for use in apparel like base layer garments).
  • a yarn spinner that processes the staple fibers into yam (which could be further processed, e.g., for use in apparel like base layer garments).
  • the fibers may be carded and lapped (horizontally or vertically) into non-woven insulative batting.
  • the biodegradable additive is introduced into a polymer material (e.g., polyethylene, such as PET), and, once mixed, the biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture may be extruded into pellets, which may be referred to as a“master batch”.
  • a polymer material e.g., polyethylene, such as PET
  • the biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture may be extruded into pellets, which may be referred to as a“master batch”.
  • the master batch can be transferred to a manufacturer for extruding (e.g., melt blown spinning).
  • the master batch may be used (e.g., melted and extruded) to produce the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers.
  • the master batch may be combined with pellets of other formulations to produce a desired mixture than can be used to produce the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers.
  • Processing steps undertaken to form the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber or insulation or articles comprising the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber can differ depending on the fiber that is intended to be formed.
  • the inventive process forms a continuous filament by, e.g., drawing (and potentially texturizing and/or adding one or more desired finish chemistries).
  • the method forms staple fibers by, e.g., drawing, cutting, optionally crimping, and optionally adding one or more desired finish chemistries.
  • the method forms monofilament fibers by, e.g., drawing and winding the filaments as single, continuous strands. It is contemplated that any desired finish chemistries may be used in accordance with the invention. Finish chemistries are well known in the art and include, e.g., siliconization, durable water repellency treatment, etc.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fibers may form and/or be incorporated into articles (e.g., end products), for example, garments, fabric, insulation, monofilaments, yam, etc.
  • articles e.g., end products
  • the articles or insulation with the biodegradation-enhanced fiber more quickly biodegrade than similar articles or insulation without the biodegradation-enhanced fibers.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber and/or articles or insulation made with the inventive synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber may have a first full or partial (e.g., 25%, 50%, 75%) biodegradation rate BR (e.g., by mass) while synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber and/or articles or insulation made of non-biodegradation-enhanced polymer fibers may have a respective second full or partial (e.g., 25%, 50%, 75%) biodegradation rate BR? that is substantially slower/smaller than the first biodegradation rate BR .
  • the first full or partial e.g., 25%, 50%, 75%) biodegradation rate BR
  • synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber and/or articles or insulation made of non-biodegradation-enhanced polymer fibers may have a respective second full or partial (e.g., 25%, 50%, 75%) biodegradation rate BR? that is substantially slower/smaller than the first bio
  • biodegradation rate BR may be at least 50% faster or 100% faster (i.e., twice as fast) than the second biodegradation rate BR 2 , such as at least 50%, 75%, 100%, 150%, 200%, 300%, 400%, 500%, 600%, 700%, 800%, 900%, 1,000%, 1,100%, 1,200%, 1,300%, 1,400% or 1,500% faster that than the second biodegradation rate BR2.
  • the method may include obtaining a polymer material 110 (depicted within a container 100 as shown in FIG. 1).
  • the polymer material 110 such as polyester, may be mixed with biodegradation additives or particles 120 to form a biodegradation-enhanced polymer mixture, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the biodegradation particles 120 may thereby be mixed, such as substantially homogenously, within the polymer material 110.
  • the mixture may be extruded into fiber 130 (which may be a filament or may be cut to staple fiber) as shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5, or formed into pellets 140 as shown FIG. 4, as described in greater detail above and shown in FIGS. 2-5. Where the mixture is melt-extruded into pellets, the pellets may subsequently be extruded into the fibers 130.
  • FIGS. 2, 4, and 5 An embodiment of the inventive synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber 130 is illustrated in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5.
  • the polymer material 110 of the synthetic biodegradation- enhanced fiber 130 contains a plurality of biodegradation particles or additives 120 dispersed throughout the polymer material 110.
  • the biodegradation particles 120 may be homogeneously distributed throughout the polymer material 110.
  • FIGS. 2-5 show the biodegradation particles 120 completely embedded into the polymer material 110, it is also contemplated that in some instances the biodegradation particles 120 may be only at least partially embedded into the polymer material 110.
  • the synthetic biodegradation-enhanced fiber 130 may contain a plurality of biodegradation particles 120 dispersed throughout the polymer material 110 of the fiber 130.
  • the biodegradation particles 120 may be homogeneously distributed throughout the polymer material 110 and fiber 130, as shown.
  • the biodegradation particles 120 may be present at the exterior of the polymer material 110 (and potentially the fiber 130 itself) so that microorganisms are able to consume the biodegradation particles 120 and form the caves, cavities, tunnels or apertures within the interior of the polymer material 110 to enhance the biodegradation rate thereof, as explained above.
  • the fiber 130 may be siliconized such that the silicon-comprising material 150 may extend about the polymer material 110 and the biodegradation particles 120.
  • microorganisms may consume or otherwise cause the silicon-comprising material 150 to separate from the polymer material 110 and the biodegradation particles 120 to thereby expose the biodegradation particles 120.
  • the microorganisms may thereby be able to consume the biodegradation particles 120 and form the caves, cavities, tunnels or apertures to enhance the biodegradation rate thereof, as explained above.
  • each range is intended to be a shorthand format for presenting information, where the range is understood to encompass each discrete point within the range as if the same were fully set forth herein.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne une fibre synthétique à biodégradation améliorée, des procédés de fabrication de ladite fibre et des articles comprenant une telle fibre. La fibre comprend une matière polymère et de 0,1 à 10 % en poids d'un ou de plusieurs additifs de biodégradation au moins partiellement contenus dans la matière polymère. Les additifs de biodégradation améliorent la vitesse de biodégradation de la matière polymère dans un environnement de biodégradation. Les additifs de biodégradation peuvent comprendre un constituant parmi un ester aliphatique-aromatique, un polylactide, un organoleptique, un monosaccharide, un aldohexose ou une combinaison de ces constituants. La fibre synthétique peut être une fibre à micro denier ayant un denier inférieur ou égal à 1, ou une fibre à macro denier ayant un denier supérieur à 1. La fibre synthétique peut être siliconée.
PCT/US2019/012028 2018-01-02 2019-01-02 Fibre synthétique à biodégradation améliorée et ses procédés de fabrication Ceased WO2019136049A1 (fr)

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CN201980003302.5A CN110832124A (zh) 2018-01-02 2019-01-02 生物降解增强的合成纤维及其制备方法
KR1020197038761A KR20200100529A (ko) 2018-01-02 2019-01-02 생분해성-강화된 합성 섬유 및 이의 제조방법
RU2019144048A RU2786589C2 (ru) 2018-01-02 2019-01-02 Синтетическое волокно с повышенной биоразлагаемостью и способы его получения
US16/627,135 US20200325599A1 (en) 2018-01-02 2019-01-02 Biodegradation-enhanced synthetic fiber and methods of making the same
EP19705229.3A EP3737782A1 (fr) 2018-01-02 2019-01-02 Fibre synthétique à biodégradation améliorée et ses procédés de fabrication
JP2019571408A JP2021509448A (ja) 2018-01-02 2019-01-02 生分解性向上合成繊維およびその製造方法

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US62/612,789 2018-01-02

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RU2019144048A (ru) 2022-02-03
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CN110832124A (zh) 2020-02-21
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