WO2019190341A1 - Procédé de détermination de l'émission thermique d'un appareil de chauffage et distributeur de chaleur consommée - Google Patents

Procédé de détermination de l'émission thermique d'un appareil de chauffage et distributeur de chaleur consommée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019190341A1
WO2019190341A1 PCT/RU2018/000199 RU2018000199W WO2019190341A1 WO 2019190341 A1 WO2019190341 A1 WO 2019190341A1 RU 2018000199 W RU2018000199 W RU 2018000199W WO 2019190341 A1 WO2019190341 A1 WO 2019190341A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
heater
heating device
sensor
measured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU2018/000199
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Алексей Владимирович АЛЕКСЕЕВ
Апександер ГРОСС
Арне Келер
Йоахим Кляйн
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Techem Energy Services GmbH
Original Assignee
Techem Energy Services GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Techem Energy Services GmbH filed Critical Techem Energy Services GmbH
Priority to PCT/RU2018/000199 priority Critical patent/WO2019190341A1/fr
Publication of WO2019190341A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019190341A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K17/00—Measuring quantity of heat
    • G01K17/06—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device
    • G01K17/08—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature
    • G01K17/10—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature between an inlet and an outlet point, combined with measurement of rate of flow of the medium if such, by integration during a certain time-interval
    • G01K17/12—Indicating product of flow and temperature difference directly or temperature
    • G01K17/18—Indicating product of flow and temperature difference directly or temperature using electrical or magnetic means for one measurement and mechanical means for the other
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K17/00—Measuring quantity of heat
    • G01K17/06—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device
    • G01K17/08—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature
    • G01K17/20—Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems e.g. the quantity of heat in a transporting medium, delivered to or consumed in an expenditure device based upon measurement of temperature difference or of a temperature across a radiating surface, combined with ascertainment of the heat-transmission coefficient

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining the amount of heat given off by a heating device (heat transfer), in which the heating device through which the coolant flows has an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe in the coolant circuit and is installed indoors.
  • the method provides that using the electronic distributor of consumed heat at a certain height of the heater, the temperature of the heater and the air temperature in the room are measured and that based on (a) the measured temperature of the heater and (b) the measured air temperature in the room, the heat transfer of the heater is determined.
  • the heat distributor according to the invention has at least one sensor for measuring the temperature of the heater and a sensor for measuring the temperature of the air in the room.
  • the computing unit of the proposed heat distributor is designed to determine the heat output based on the measured temperatures in accordance with the method proposed in this invention according to the measurement, if necessary, using one or more of the following parameters: the reference power of the heater QN, the estimated coefficient K Q , correction coefficient K s , correction coefficient K t , exponent of the heater n or similar values, which will be described in more detail below.
  • the consumed heat distributor can be a built-in compact device, in which all the functional elements are in one housing and which is mounted on the surface of the heater.
  • the consumed heat distributor can also be a remote measuring device, in which only the temperature sensor of the heater is mounted on the radiator, while all other components are located in another place, preferably on the wall.
  • Wireless technology or wires can be used to connect the temperature sensor of the heater to other components.
  • Distributors of consumed heat and the corresponding methods for approximate accounting of the heat transfer of heating devices using distributors of consumed heat are widespread; they are used to distribute heating bills according to consumption, for example, in an apartment building. For this purpose, heat distributors are mounted on heating devices in the corresponding rooms of the house.
  • Heat transfer is calculated on the basis of a logarithmic positive temperature difference A
  • Aio g, N is the logarithmic positive temperature difference at the reference mass flow rate, is the reference power of the heater and n is exponent of the heater.
  • Indications Z consumption of the device are formed by adding the calculated values of heat transfer with temporary weighing; the obtained value is proportional to the heat transfer of the radiator
  • outlet temperatures DRLS AND room air temperatures DS To a greater or lesser extent, they differ from the actual required values for the inlet temperature DV L , outlet temperature D RL and room temperature D Kunststoff . This deviation can be taken into account in various ways, for example, using the calibration factor
  • Valves of heat consumed with two sensors measure the temperature at the sensor heater DH S on the surface of the heater and the temperature of the air sensor in the room D HS, which is the temperature display in the room D Kunststoff, and based on this calculated approximate logarithmic positive difference Liu d Temperature
  • Consumption indications Z on the display of the distributor with 2 sensors are now generated by measuring the temperatures DHS AND D RS And by adding the calculated values (or) with temporary weighing of the so-called valves with coding depending on products with constant calculation intervals (for example, every 4 minutes) in proportion to the heat transfer of the heater or the so-called Unified coding heat distributors, weighing is carried out outside the device using special programs.
  • the Z value is additionally different from proportional to the actual heat transfer.
  • KQ the KQ standard
  • the basic principle of operation of the consumed heat distributors currently used is that the heat transfer is determined in a greater or lesser approximation based on the measured temperatures, but not on the basis of the mass flow rate or volumetric flow rate of the coolant. Otherwise, in the pipeline, for example, in front of the heater, it would be necessary to install an appropriate flow meter, which would make the consumption measurement system very complicated and expensive. In this regard, in the European Union, heat distribution devices differ from heat meters in regulatory documents.
  • Heat distributors that comply, for example, with DIN EN 834: 2013 and which are checked and approved by the competent authority in the European Union, are not subject to the verification requirements and the provisions for heat meters in the European Directive for Measuring Instruments MID, and can be used, for example, in Germany, for measuring flow without additional measures, in accordance with the Regulation on heating costs.
  • devices that measure the mass flow rate or volumetric flow rate of the coolant must meet the requirements for heat meters. They - in addition to high requirements for measurement accuracy - are subject to the requirements for the frequency of verification, which, for example, in Germany is 5 years.
  • Deviations of the actual operating situation from the situation during the reference measurement lead to significant differences between the calculated and actual heat transfer. Deviations can be caused by the installation or use of the heater, for example, by the lining of the heater, curtains or drying towels. Heaters with air dampers, fans or heating elements connected manually or thermostatically are particularly susceptible to errors. In addition, programmable electronic controllers for heating devices, which are increasingly being used instead of conventional thermostatic valves, more often lead to changes in the operating state, than conventional valves, and have a much faster reaction, the duration of which is not fully recorded by conventional heat distributors or is not accurately taken into account in the consumption readings.
  • Devices with 2 sensors differ by the presence of another system deviation compared to devices with 3 sensors. If in devices with 3 sensors all the values GVL, G RL necessary for determining the logarithmic positive temperature difference are measured.
  • GRaum appliances with 2 sensors measure only the room temperature D R aum and another representative value of the temperature on the surface of the heater at the installation site of the temperature sensor. Since the change in surface temperature between the inlet and outlet nozzles as a whole does not represent a linear function, there is not a single point on the surface of the heater at which the equation
  • x is the dimensionless coordinate for the distance from the inlet pipe with a total distance of N mei at the inlet and outlet pipe
  • X is the mounting height of the consumed heat distributor, measured from the output pipe:
  • the average positive temperature difference on the surface of the heater is exactly equal to the average logarithmic ⁇
  • the operating state of the heater as a whole is set by the value obtained on the basis of three of the four values DVL, DRL, DRaum. ⁇
  • a method for determining the thermal characteristics of a heater is known, according to which the surface temperatures of the heater and indoor air are measured, which are converted using the correction value into the required thermal characteristics, and this correction value depends on the current operating point heater, and it can be determined based on the measured temperature at the heater inlet.
  • the correction value depends on the positive temperature difference of the heater, which is determined based on the difference between the temperature of the heater and the air temperature in the room, and on the temperature at the inlet of the heater.
  • the disadvantage is that it is necessary to accurately measure or otherwise determine the temperature at the inlet of the heater.
  • the objective of the invention is to either maintain the sensitivity of the heat consumption distributor with 2 sensors constant for all operating conditions, or to achieve the desired schedule without installing on heating device of additional measuring devices for operating condition and without increasing installation costs.
  • the main idea of the invention is to provide several measuring devices (temperature sensors of the heating device) located at some distance from each other in the heat consumption distributor, which means minimal additional costs compared to existing valves with 2 sensors (one for measuring indoor air temperature and one for measuring temperature from flask). Since all these temperature sensors are located in the distributor of consumed heat (i.e., in its housing), it is not necessary to install additional measuring devices on the heating device (except for the distributor itself), therefore, the installation costs do not increase.
  • a distributor which has, in addition to sensors for room temperature and the temperature of the heater, other sensors for the temperature of the heater (at least one )
  • Several temperature sensors of the heater are located in the consumed heat distributor so that they measure the temperature of the heater D H s (hi) at different levels h, the vertical axis of the heater between the input and output pipe, in other words, they measure the temperature of the heater at different points vertically.
  • One of the temperature sensors of the heater is configured as a reference sensor.
  • the installation height x is determined (in accordance with the x coordinate from equation (16)) for various inlet and outlet temperatures, heater temperatures, room temperatures and mass flow values (i.e. for different operating conditions) at which at this point (i.e., at m ntazhnoy height Xi) measured heater temperature minus the room air temperature corresponds to the average logarithmic temperature difference between the positive A
  • 0d, the measured temperature of the heater D HS (X I xi og ) minus the measured air temperature in the room DRS corresponds to the average logarithmic the value of the positive temperature difference A
  • the average mounting height Hy d you can also determine the ranges of the measuring temperature of the heater DHs (X ref ) ⁇ Thus, for each temperature of the heater [Hs (X ref ).
  • an operating point is assigned for which a calculated (and averaged) mounting height X
  • the corresponding values can, for example, be stored in tables, parameterized algorithmically or in another way and used in the computing unit of the consumed heat distributor, so that the computing unit of the distributor can use this data to determine the heat transfer of the heater.
  • the temperature of the DHS heater (X sel ) measured by this X sel sensor is used to determine the display speed (or the actual heat output of the heater in W) and consumption (or the actual total heat transfer Q of the heater, for example, in kW * h).
  • the “heater level h corresponding to the assigned mounting height xi 0g ” can be that level of the heater h, that temperature sensor of the heater, which is located at the smallest distance from the assigned mounting height X
  • This temperature of the heater measured by the selected X sel sensor can, for example, be used directly in accordance with equation (4) to calculate the logarithmic positive temperature difference A
  • the selective temperature measuring range based on the temperature sensor of the heater ⁇ HS (X ref ) measured, and each selective temperature measuring range is assigned to exactly one of the temperature sensors of the heating device and assigned to a specific selective temperature measuring range
  • the heater temperature sensor (X) is used as the selected temperature sensor (X s®1 ).
  • a kind of preliminary selection of temperature sensors is made in accordance with a certain installation height X
  • the temperature sensor of the heater is used directly as the selected temperature sensor of the heater X sel , which is assigned to this selective temperature range.
  • the temperature measuring range of the consumed heat distributor (that is, the measured reference temperature of the heating appliance Ll H s (X ref ) measured by the reference sensor) is gradually divided into selective ranges that were previously determined in accordance with the spatial arrangement of several temperature sensors of the heating device on its vertical axis, so that one selective range is assigned exactly to one heater temperature sensor at the heater level hi.
  • the temperature range is assigned a specific temperature sensor on the vertical axis of the heater, which at a certain temperature measured by the reference temperature of the heater is used as the selected temperature sensor of the heater X sel , and the value measured by it (heater temperature D HS (X sel )) then in accordance with the description it is used in further calculation of the heat transfer of the heater.
  • At least three temperature sensors of the heater which are preferably located on the vertical axis of the heater, at different levels (hi), can be provided in the consumed heat distributor.
  • An example of such an arrangement is shown in Fig. 2 with a heating device 1, an inlet pipe 2 and an output pipe 3.
  • a heat distributor 4 is mounted, which, in addition to the room temperature sensor not shown here, has three temperature sensors for heating device X.1, X.2 and X.Z, which are located at different levels hi on the vertical axis of the heater, in this example, on the same vertical line of the heater 1.
  • the fictitious temperature sensor of the heater is selected as the selected temperature sensor for the heater (X sel ), the temperature readings (DHs (X sel )) of which are determined by using a certain installation height (X
  • the advantage of this option is that the discrete distribution of temperatures measured by the sensors in the heat distribution unit can be replaced by a continuous distribution of temperatures, and the assigned mounting height X
  • the heat consumption distributor has at least three temperature sensors of the heater, which are not located on the same line, but preferably at the greatest possible distance from each other, for example, with maximum gaps inside the distributor, not on the same line.
  • An example location is shown in fig. 3.
  • the corresponding gradients of the two measured temperatures of the heater (D H siX i) are determined) ⁇
  • This is a measure for the temperature distribution of the heater (on the surface), so based on the defined gradients of the heating temperature distribution of the device n H s (Xi) over the room (i.e. the distribution of the temperature sensors of the heating device X.1, X.2, X.Z on its surface), the temperatures at the DVL input and QRL output are calculated.
  • the heater temperature of which ( ⁇ Hs (X sel )) in this case is determined by analyzing the calculated inlet temperature (DVL) and outlet temperature ( ⁇ RL ) THESE temperature values are then used as the basis for calculating the heat transfer of the heater.
  • Fig. 4 An example of the temperature distribution is shown in Fig. 4, where the z coordinate describes the surface temperature of the heater.
  • the temperature of the heater measured by the selected sensor D H s (X sel ) is used directly as the logarithmic positive temperature difference A
  • the correction vector k to ogg can be individually determined for a specific type of heating device, calculated as a weighted average value for a group of thermally similar heating devices, or determined as the total weighted average value for all installed heating devices.
  • the correction vector k k0IT (AEHKv) instead of AEHKV can also be a multidimensional field of characteristics and additionally depend on the absolute values measured by temperature sensors DHS, DRS. for example, as k korr (OHS. AEHKV) - •
  • the correction vector instead of D EH kn can also be a multidimensional field of characteristics and additionally depend on the temperature (coolant) at the input DVL ⁇ Since the temperature at the input G V L should not be required as a measured value and, therefore, is absent in however, the quality of the measured value is approximately the same for all heating devices in two-pipe heating systems, it is set as a constant parameter for all heating system devices and is parameterized or selected and programmed.
  • the coefficient k when measured at a single point, can be determined, for example, on the basis of specific heat values measured in accordance with DIN EN 834: 2013.
  • phased correction vector on which the target sensitivity depends with a certain error
  • a correction vector is determined for which knowledge and even measurement of the inlet temperature is not required.
  • An example of the effect of such a correction is shown in Fig. 5 in comparison with fig. one.
  • the heat distributor and this method can take into account the rapid changes of modern room temperature controllers that control the heating device, it is proposed according to the invention not to set (as it is now) a constant calculation interval of the consumed heat distributor for determining heat transfer, but to change it dynamically so that the calculation interval depended on the rate of change of temperature (gradient) of the heater recorded by one of the temperature sensors of the heater X.1, X.2, X.Z or you branded of them reference sensor. Moreover, according to the invention, it is proposed to reduce the calculation interval with increasing gradient, so that temperature changes and related changes in heat transfer of the heating device can be recorded faster and more accurately.
  • the invention relates to a distributor of consumed heat according to one of paragraphs 11 to 14, designed to operate in accordance with the described method or its parts.
  • This innovative distributor in the broad sense is a platform for creating a universal device that, depending on requirements and parameters, can calculate, display and transmit the actual heat transfer of the heating device (for example, in kW * h) (as a heat calculator), and also take into account the required heat transfer - or underestimation of the heat transfer of the heater with sufficiently accurate control.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de détermination de l'émission thermique dans un local d'un appareil de chauffage comprenant des conduits d'entrée et de sortie. En utilisant un distributeur de la chaleur sur l'appareil de chauffage, on mesure sa température et la tempélrature de l'air dans le local, et sur la base de la température mesurée de l'appareil de chauffage et de la température mesurée de l'air dans le local, on détermine l'émission thermique de l'appareil de chauffage. Selon l'invention, le distributeur de chaleur consommée utilisé à cette fin comprend dans un corps, et outre un capteur de mesure de la température de l'appareil de chauffage et un capteur de mesure de la température de l'air dans le local, au moins encore un capteur de température de l'appareil de chauffage. Les capteurs de température de l'appareil de chauffage dans le distributeur de chaleur consommée sont disposés de soorte qu'ils mesurent la température de l'appareil de chauffage à divers niveaux le long de l'axe vertical de l'appareil de chauffage entre ses conduits d'entrée et de sortie. Un des capteurs de température de l'appareil de chauffage dans le distributeur de chaleur consommée est configuré comme capteur de référence: au préalable et pour différents points de chauffage, on détermine la hauteur de montage du distributeur de chaleur consommée. Une des températures de l'appareil de chauffage mesurées par le capteur de référence est attribuée pour la précision de la détermination de la hauteur de montage. Le capteur de référence mesure la température de l'appareil de chauffage et détermine la hauteur de montage attribuée. Parmi tous les capteurs de température de l'appareil de chauffage dans le distributeur de chaleur consommée, on choisit le capteur qui est disposé à un des niveaux de l'appareil de chauffage correspondant à la hauteur de montage attribuée. La température de l'appareil de chauffage mesurée par le capteur choisi de température de l'appareil de chauffage est utilisée pour déterminer son émission thermique.
PCT/RU2018/000199 2018-03-28 2018-03-28 Procédé de détermination de l'émission thermique d'un appareil de chauffage et distributeur de chaleur consommée Ceased WO2019190341A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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PCT/RU2018/000199 WO2019190341A1 (fr) 2018-03-28 2018-03-28 Procédé de détermination de l'émission thermique d'un appareil de chauffage et distributeur de chaleur consommée

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PCT/RU2018/000199 WO2019190341A1 (fr) 2018-03-28 2018-03-28 Procédé de détermination de l'émission thermique d'un appareil de chauffage et distributeur de chaleur consommée

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3130591A1 (de) * 1981-08-01 1983-02-17 Gossen Gmbh, 8520 Erlangen "schaltungsanordnung zum erfassen und anzeigen der von einem heizkoerper abgegebenen waermemenge"
RU2095769C1 (ru) * 1995-02-20 1997-11-10 Чистов Георгий Леонидович Устройство учета расхода тепловой энергии отопительного прибора
RU2145063C1 (ru) * 1998-10-26 2000-01-27 Казанский государственный технический университет им.А.Н.Туполева Способ учета расхода тепловой энергии отопительного прибора и устройство для его осуществления
EP1770469A2 (fr) * 2005-09-21 2007-04-04 Techem Energy Services GmbH Procédeé et appareil pour déterminer les données thermiques caractéristiques d'un radiateur
RU2403542C1 (ru) * 2009-11-11 2010-11-10 Станислав Эдуардович Варыпаев Устройство учета расхода тепловой энергии отопительного прибора и отопительный прибор
RU115472U1 (ru) * 2011-05-04 2012-04-27 Алексей Викторович Пуговкин Устройство для измерения теплового сопротивления отопительной системы отдельного помещения
RU2566641C2 (ru) * 2013-07-29 2015-10-27 Алексей Викторович Пуговкин Способ учета тепловой энергии, отдаваемой отопительным прибором

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3130591A1 (de) * 1981-08-01 1983-02-17 Gossen Gmbh, 8520 Erlangen "schaltungsanordnung zum erfassen und anzeigen der von einem heizkoerper abgegebenen waermemenge"
RU2095769C1 (ru) * 1995-02-20 1997-11-10 Чистов Георгий Леонидович Устройство учета расхода тепловой энергии отопительного прибора
RU2145063C1 (ru) * 1998-10-26 2000-01-27 Казанский государственный технический университет им.А.Н.Туполева Способ учета расхода тепловой энергии отопительного прибора и устройство для его осуществления
EP1770469A2 (fr) * 2005-09-21 2007-04-04 Techem Energy Services GmbH Procédeé et appareil pour déterminer les données thermiques caractéristiques d'un radiateur
RU2403542C1 (ru) * 2009-11-11 2010-11-10 Станислав Эдуардович Варыпаев Устройство учета расхода тепловой энергии отопительного прибора и отопительный прибор
RU115472U1 (ru) * 2011-05-04 2012-04-27 Алексей Викторович Пуговкин Устройство для измерения теплового сопротивления отопительной системы отдельного помещения
RU2566641C2 (ru) * 2013-07-29 2015-10-27 Алексей Викторович Пуговкин Способ учета тепловой энергии, отдаваемой отопительным прибором

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