WO2020059952A1 - Dispositif et procédé d'équilibrage de batterie - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé d'équilibrage de batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020059952A1
WO2020059952A1 PCT/KR2018/014098 KR2018014098W WO2020059952A1 WO 2020059952 A1 WO2020059952 A1 WO 2020059952A1 KR 2018014098 W KR2018014098 W KR 2018014098W WO 2020059952 A1 WO2020059952 A1 WO 2020059952A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
balancing
battery
cell
voltage
battery cell
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Ceased
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PCT/KR2018/014098
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
이종현
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DAUMKOREA Co Ltd
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DAUMKOREA Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2020059952A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020059952A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/56—Active balancing, e.g. using capacitor-based, inductor-based or DC-DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for balancing a battery, and more specifically, to detect a voltage of an individual battery cell by converting a plurality of battery cells connected in series in parallel by controlling a relay assembly, thereby charging the voltage relative to the rated voltage.
  • the present invention relates to a battery balancing apparatus and method for performing fast charging by performing supplementary charging using a separate charging device targeting a low-charged battery cell that is in poor condition.
  • electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles based on battery power are configured to use unit battery packs in a series / parallel combination to meet voltage and current energy required for their operation.
  • the battery management system (BMS) is used to constantly monitor and manage the state of the unit battery pack. shall.
  • battery cell balancing which eliminates voltage imbalance between battery cells.
  • battery cell balancing In order to balance the state of charge (SOC) of the battery energy source, battery cell balancing must be performed.
  • SOC state of charge
  • battery cell balancing there is a method of regulating voltage by discharging using a resistance.
  • a battery configured to output a desired voltage by connecting a lithium polymer battery (Li-Polymer battery) in series generates imbalance of each cell voltage while repeatedly charging and discharging. If the imbalance increases, the inefficiency of battery use is reduced. Cause, and cause a decrease in life.
  • Li-Polymer battery Li-Polymer battery
  • the cell balancing operation is performed in the BMS to prevent the cell voltage imbalance.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram for a conventional battery cell balancing method.
  • a resistor connected in parallel to both ends of the battery cell is connected to consume energy of the corresponding cell through the resistance.
  • the voltage is decreasing.
  • the lowest voltage among the voltages of the battery cells is set as a reference voltage, and a resistor is connected to a cell voltage higher than the reference voltage to open a resistance when the corresponding cell voltage approaches the reference voltage. use.
  • Such a conventional cell balancing method has a problem in that, by connecting a resistor regardless of the amount of deviation from the reference voltage, only the voltage is rapidly reduced through actual energy consumption, causing inefficiency of cell balancing, and increasing cell balancing time. .
  • the present invention has been devised to solve the above-described problem, and a plurality of battery cells connected in series is controlled in parallel by controlling a relay assembly to detect voltages of individual battery cells, and accordingly, the voltage charging state compared to the rated voltage is sluggish.
  • a separate charging device for the low-charged battery cell and if there is an overcharged battery cell compared to the rated voltage, it is connected in parallel with the low-charged battery cell that is not under supplementary charging to eliminate overcharging. It is to provide a balancing device and method for a battery that prevents damage to a battery cell and prevents uncharging of the battery cell to improve battery usage time with full capacity charging.
  • the battery balancing device of the present invention for achieving the above object is installed between each of a plurality of battery cells, the battery pack configured to include a connection switch for connecting each battery cell in series or releasing the series connection state; A cell connection unit for parallel connection of two independent battery cells by driving a connection switch among a plurality of battery cells; A power supply unit including a main charging unit for supplying a main charging power for charging a battery pack and a balancing charging unit for supplying a balancing power for charging a battery cell; It is provided between the balancing charging unit and the battery cell and detects voltages for each of a plurality of battery cells and a charging switch that individually controls on / off that the balancing power output through the balancing charging unit is supplied to each battery cell, and detects a rated voltage.
  • the balancing power is output through the balancing charging unit so that the battery cell is additionally charged. If a battery cell with a voltage exceeding the reference value is present, a battery cell with a voltage below the reference value that is not being charged is selected. It comprises a balancing control unit that controls the cell connection to be connected in parallel to each other so that overcharge is eliminated.
  • the balancing control unit may discharge the power of the corresponding battery cell to the balancing charging unit and store it until the reference voltage is reached if only a battery cell having a voltage exceeding the reference value exists.
  • the battery balancing device of the present invention for achieving the above object is installed between each of a plurality of battery cells, each battery cell is connected in series or comprises a connection switch for releasing the series connection state of the battery pack ;
  • a cell connection unit for parallel connection of two independent battery cells by driving a connection switch among a plurality of battery cells;
  • a power supply unit including a main charging unit for supplying a main charging power for charging a battery pack and a balancing charging unit for supplying a balancing power for charging a battery cell; It is provided between the balancing charging unit and the battery cell and calculates an average value by detecting voltages for each of a plurality of battery cells and a charging switch that individually controls on / off that the balancing power output through the balancing charging unit is supplied to each battery cell, and calculates an average value.
  • the battery cell to be balanced is checked after checking the battery cell to be balanced using the average value as a reference value, the highest voltage battery cell and the lowest voltage battery cell among the balancing battery cells are selected, and the voltage deviation of the two selected battery cells is preset If the voltage is less than the voltage deviation, the balancing power is output through the balancing charging unit so that the battery cells are charged, or when the voltage deviation of the two selected battery cells exceeds a preset voltage deviation, the cell connection is controlled so as to be connected in parallel with each other to achieve cell balancing. Balancing control to be performed Is configured is contained.
  • the connecting switch can be configured as a relay.
  • the cell connection part is connected to both ends of a plurality of battery cells, and a first cell connection part that connects both ends of one selected battery cell to a first output terminal, and is connected to both ends of a plurality of battery cells, and connects both ends of one selected battery cell.
  • a second cell connection part connected to the second output terminal is included, and the first output terminal and the second output terminal may be connected to each other.
  • the balancing control unit provides a driving signal to the connection switch so as to detect the voltage of each battery cell, cuts off the connection state of the battery cells, detects the voltage for each of the plurality of battery cells, and sets the target batteries to be balanced with a preset reference value. After checking, if there are batteries to be balanced, any one of the battery cells to be balanced is selected through the first cell connection, and the other battery cell is selected through the second cell connection to be connected in parallel with each other. have.
  • the cell connection part is connected with a current limiting resistor between the first output terminal of the first cell connection part and the second output terminal of the second cell connection part, and it can be prevented that an overcurrent flows through the current limiting resistance.
  • the power supply unit includes: a main charging unit that converts input power supplied from external power into main charging power for charging the battery pack, and stores and outputs the stored power; A balancing charging unit that converts input power supplied from an external power source into a balancing power source for charging a battery cell, and stores and outputs the stored power; A charging unit selecting unit which switches a circuit according to the control of the balancing control unit so that input power supplied from an external power supply is supplied to the main charging unit or is supplied to the balancing charging unit; And an output selector for switching the circuit according to the control of the balancing control unit so that the power output from the main charging unit is supplied to the battery pack or the power output from the balancing charging unit is supplied to the battery cell.
  • the battery balancing device of the present invention for achieving the above object is installed between each of a plurality of battery cells, each battery cell is connected in series or comprises a connection switch for releasing the series connection state of the battery pack ;
  • a power supply unit including a main charging unit for supplying a main charging power for charging a battery pack and a balancing charging unit for supplying a balancing power for charging a battery cell; It is provided between the balancing charging unit and the battery cell and detects voltages for each of a plurality of battery cells and a charging switch that individually controls on / off that the balancing power output through the balancing charging unit is supplied to each battery cell, and detects a rated voltage.
  • the first control unit is configured to output the balancing power through the balancing charging unit so that the battery cell is additionally charged. It is configured to include a balancing control unit including a second control unit that discharges power to the balancing charging unit to be stored so that overcharge is eliminated.
  • the method of balancing the battery of the present invention for achieving the above object, (a) by driving a connection switch installed between each of a plurality of battery cells through a balancing control unit to release the serial connection state of each battery cell step; (b) a second step of detecting a voltage for each of the plurality of battery cells through the balancing control unit and checking the battery cells to be balanced using the rated voltage as a reference value; (c) If a battery cell with a voltage lower than a reference value is present through the second step, the balancing control unit outputs the balancing power through the balancing charging unit so that the battery cell is additionally charged. And a third step of selecting a battery cell having a voltage lower than a reference value and controlling the cell connection parts to be connected in parallel with each other so that overcharge is eliminated.
  • the balancing control unit detects a voltage for each of the plurality of battery cells, and if there is only a battery cell exceeding a reference value, discharges the power of the corresponding battery cell to the balancing charging unit until it becomes a reference voltage to be stored. It can contain.
  • the method of balancing the battery of the present invention for achieving the above object, (a) by driving a connection switch installed between each of a plurality of battery cells through a balancing control unit to release the serial connection state of each battery cell step; (b) a second step of detecting a voltage for each of the plurality of battery cells through a balancing control unit to calculate an average value and checking the battery cells to be balanced using the average value as a reference value; (c) If there is a battery cell to be balanced through the second step, select the highest voltage battery cell and the lowest voltage battery cell among the battery cells to be balanced, and if the voltage deviation of the two selected battery cells is equal to or less than the preset voltage deviation.
  • the third to allow the battery cells to be charged by outputting balancing power through the charging unit, or to control the cell connection units to be connected in parallel to each other when the voltage deviation of the two selected battery cells exceeds a preset voltage deviation.
  • the balancing control unit may include a step of individually controlling on / off that the balancing power output through the balancing charging unit is supplied to each battery cell by driving a charging switch provided between the balancing charging unit and the battery cell.
  • the balancing control unit selects the battery cell of the highest voltage among the battery cells to be balanced through the first cell connection unit of the cell connection unit, and selects the battery cell of the lowest voltage through the second cell connection unit of the cell connection unit,
  • the second output terminal of the first output terminal and the second cell connection unit may include the step of being connected in parallel with each other.
  • the balancing control unit may prevent overcurrent from flowing through a current limiting resistor connected between the first output terminal of the first cell connection unit and the second output terminal of the second cell connection unit.
  • the balancing control unit may include controlling the charging unit selection unit so that input power supplied from an external power supply is supplied to the main charging unit or supplied to the balancing charging unit; Controlling the main charging unit to convert the input power supplied from external power to the main charging power for charging the battery pack and store and output it, or controlling the balancing charging unit to control the input power supplied from the external power supply for balancing battery cells. Converting the data to be stored and then output;
  • the control may include the step of controlling the output selection unit so that the power output from the main charging unit is supplied to the battery pack or the power output from the balancing charging unit is supplied to the battery cell.
  • the battery balancing method of the present invention for achieving the above object is, (a) by driving a connection switch installed between each of a plurality of battery cells through a first control unit to release the serial connection state of each battery cell Stage 1; (b) a second step of detecting a voltage for each of the plurality of battery cells through the first control unit and checking the battery cells to be balanced by using the rated voltage as a reference value; (c) If a battery cell with a voltage lower than a reference value is present through the second step, the first control unit causes the balancing power to be output through the balancing charging unit so that the battery cell is additionally charged, and the second control unit if only a battery cell with a voltage exceeding the reference value exists And a third step of discharging the power of the corresponding battery cell to the balancing charging unit and storing it until the reference voltage is reached, so that overcharge is eliminated.
  • the plurality of battery cells connected in series is controlled in parallel by controlling the relay assembly to detect the voltage of the individual battery cells, thereby charging the voltage compared to the rated voltage
  • Replenishment charging is performed using a separate charging device for the low-charged battery cells that are in poor condition, and if there is an overcharged battery cell compared to the rated voltage, the battery is overcharged by parallel connection with the low-charged battery cell that is not charging.
  • the battery cell is prevented from being damaged by being solved, and the battery cell is prevented from being charged, thereby improving the battery usage time by charging the maximum capacity.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a circuit diagram for a conventional battery cell balancing method
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a battery balancing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram for explaining a battery balancing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a battery balancing method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a battery balancing method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram for explaining a battery balancing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary view showing a battery balancing device according to the present invention.
  • the present invention detects the voltages of a plurality of batteries provided in an energy storage device used in an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, an electric bicycle, a home, a commercial facility, a building, a transmission facility, and various power plants, and a predetermined number of batteries to be balanced If present, the highest voltage battery and the lowest voltage battery are selected and connected in parallel to each other, so the battery with the highest voltage exceeding the voltage average value is discharged without the need for a separate external power source, and the battery with the lowest voltage that does not reach the voltage average value is charged.
  • the battery balancing device includes a power supply unit 100, a charging selection unit 300, a battery pack 500, a cell connection unit 700, and a first, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the control unit 900 includes a control unit and a second control unit.
  • the battery pack 500 is installed between a plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570, and a plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570 to connect each battery cell in series or serially. It comprises a connection switch 501, 503, 505, 507, 509 to release the state.
  • the battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570 may be ordinary lithium ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, or equivalents thereof, and the type is not limited thereto.
  • the plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570 output a predetermined voltage or more, are provided with various types of secondary cells capable of repetitive charging and discharging, and serve to supply driving power.
  • the number of battery cells constituting the battery pack 500 is configured as four, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be appropriately selected from three to twelve or the like depending on the situation.
  • Connection switch (501, 503, 505, 507, 509) may be configured as a relay.
  • connection switches 501, 503, 505, 507, 509 are switched to the ON state by the first control unit control signal S1 of the balancing control unit 900, a plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550 , 570 are all connected in series, both ends of the first battery cell 510, the second battery cell 530, the third battery cell 550, and the fourth battery cell 570 connected in series (A) , Ground).
  • Each end of each of the first battery cell 510, the second battery cell 530, the third battery cell 550, and the fourth battery cell 570 is a, b, c, d, e, f, g , h
  • the first connection switch 501 is connected to the positive terminal (a) of the first battery cell 510 and connected to the power supply 100
  • the negative terminal of the first battery cell 510 ( b) and a second connection switch 503 is connected between the positive terminal (c) of the second battery cell 530, the negative terminal (d) of the second battery cell 530 and the third battery cell 550
  • a third connection switch 505 is connected between the positive terminal (e) of the, and the fourth between the negative terminal (f) of the third battery cell 550 and the positive terminal (g) of the fourth battery cell 570
  • the connection switch 507 is connected, and the fifth connection switch 509 is connected to the negative terminal h of the fourth battery cell 570 and connected to the ground.
  • connection switches 501, 503, 505, 507, and 509 are turned off by the first control unit control signal S1 of the balancing control unit 900, a plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550 , 570) are disconnected in series so that they become independent states.
  • the cell connection unit 700 is for connecting two independent battery cells in parallel by driving the connection switches 501, 503, 505, 507, and 509 among the plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570, and internally
  • a first cell connection unit connected to both ends of the plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570 and connecting both ends of one selected battery cell to the first output terminal, and a plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, 570) is connected to both ends of the selected one of the battery cell is configured to include a second cell connecting portion connecting the second output terminal.
  • a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h of both ends of the plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570 are a, b, and c of the first cell connection part and the second cell connection part , d, e, f, g, and h input terminals.
  • the first cell connection unit and the second cell connection unit include two input terminals a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h according to the second control unit selection signals S2 and S3 of the balancing control unit 900 Select a terminal and output it to two output terminals.
  • the two input terminals may be a positive electrode a and a negative electrode b, a positive electrode c and a negative electrode d, a positive electrode e and a negative electrode f, a positive electrode g and a negative electrode h, respectively.
  • the negative electrode is connected to the output terminal for the negative electrode.
  • a current limiting resistor is further provided to prevent overcurrent from flowing, and the output terminal for the negative electrode and the second cell for the first cell connection part are connected.
  • the output terminal for the cathode of the connection is directly connected.
  • A, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h of both ends of the plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570 are connected to the balancing control unit 900, and the balancing control unit 900 The voltage of the battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570 can be detected.
  • a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature between the plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570 and the cell connection unit 700 is further provided.
  • the temperature sensor is between the positive terminal (a) of the first battery cell 510 and the a terminal of the cell connection part 700, between the positive terminal c of the second battery cell 530 and the c terminal of the cell connection part 700. , Between the positive terminal (e) of the third battery cell 550 and the e terminal of the cell connection part 700, the temperature between the positive terminal g of the fourth battery cell 570 and the g terminal of the cell connection part 700 It is provided to detect each.
  • the power supply unit 100 includes a DC supply unit 110, a charging unit selection unit 130, a main charging unit 150, a balancing charging unit 170, and an output selection unit 190.
  • the DC supply unit 110 converts AC input power input from the outside into DC input power to allow charging of the battery pack 500 by supplying charging power through two charging units that supply power of different voltages.
  • the charging unit selection unit 130 is connected to one of the two charging units by the first control unit control signal S0 of the balancing control unit 900 to transmit DC input power to the charging unit, and the DC supply unit 110 Selected control is performed by switching the circuit by switching on / off the switch element so that the converted DC input power is supplied to the main charging unit 150 or supplied to the balancing charging unit 170.
  • the switching element of the charger selection unit 130 may be a metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET), a bipolar junction transistor (BJT), or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).
  • MOSFET metal oxide field effect transistor
  • BJT bipolar junction transistor
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • the main charging unit 150 is selected through the charging unit selection unit 130 to receive DC input power and convert it to the main charging power for charging the battery pack 500 to be output.
  • the balancing charging unit 170 is selected through the charging unit selection unit 130 and receives DC input power, converts it into a balancing power for charging a plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570, and stores and outputs it.
  • the charging voltage for charging the battery pack 500 is set to about 20V as one embodiment, the charging voltage for charging each battery cell may be set to about 5V as one embodiment.
  • the main charging unit 150 further includes a configuration of dropping the voltage of the input DC input power to a voltage required for charging the battery pack 500, and the balancing charging unit 170 also inputs the voltage of the input DC power.
  • the cell 510, 530, 550, 570 may be configured to further include a configuration to drop to a voltage required for charging.
  • the output selector 190 selects the power output from the main charging unit 150 to be supplied to the battery pack 500 or the power output from the balancing charging unit 170 to the battery cells 510, 530, 550, 570 choose to supply.
  • the charging selection unit 300 is provided between the power supply unit 100 and the balancing charging unit 170 and the battery pack 500, and the power supply unit 100 by the first control unit control signal S4 of the balancing control unit 900
  • the balancing power output from the balancing charging unit 170 of the battery cells 510, 530, 550, 570 is supplied to each on / off control individually.
  • the charging selection unit 300 is connected to the positive terminal (a) of the first battery cell 510 to control on / off that the balancing power supplied from the balancing charging unit 170 is charged in the first battery cell 510.
  • the second charging switch 330 is connected to the positive terminal (e) of the third battery cell 550, the on / off that the balancing power supplied from the balancing charging unit 170 is charged to the third battery cell 550
  • It is connected to the positive terminal (g) of the third charging switch 350 and the fourth battery cell 570 to control the on / off that the balancing power supplied from the balancing charging unit 170 is charged to the fourth battery cell 570.
  • a fourth charging switch 370 for controlling off is included and configured.
  • the first control unit of the balancing control unit 900 detects a voltage for each of the plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570, uses the rated voltage as a reference value, checks whether a battery cell with a voltage below the reference value exists, and then balances When the target battery cell is present, the balancing power is output through the balancing charging unit so that the battery cell is additionally charged, and the second control unit selects a voltage battery cell below the reference value that is not being charged when the voltage cell exceeding the reference value exists. Control the cell connection so that it is connected in parallel so that overcharge is eliminated.
  • the second control unit of the balancing control unit 900 selects the highest voltage battery cell and the lowest voltage battery cell among the battery cells to be balanced, and controls the cell connection units to be connected in parallel to each other so that cell balancing is performed.
  • the cell connection unit 700 is controlled to stop cell balancing, and then the balancing power is output through the power supply unit 100 to display the battery cell ( 510, 530, 550, and 570 are controlled to be charged.
  • the cell connection unit 700 is controlled to connect the highest voltage battery cell and the lowest voltage battery cell in parallel with each other to perform cell balancing again. do.
  • a voltage is detected for each of the plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570, and the rated voltage is used as a reference value. If there is a battery cell charged with a voltage exceeding the reference value, the battery cell charged with the voltage exceeding the reference value is discharged and stored in the balancing charging unit 170 until the reference voltage is reached, so that overcharge is eliminated. .
  • the power supply unit 100, the charging selection unit 300, the cell connection unit 700, and the balancing control unit 900 according to an embodiment of the present invention are manufactured in modularity and connected to a battery pack as shown in FIG. It can be configured as possible.
  • the balancing method of the battery balancing device configured as described above is as follows.
  • the main charging power output from the main charging unit 150 of the power supply unit 100 to the energy storage device used in electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, electric bicycles, homes, commercial facilities, buildings, transmission facilities, various power plants, etc.
  • the provided battery pack 500 is charged.
  • connection switches 501 and 503 respectively installed between the plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570 through the first control unit of the balancing control unit 900 , 505, 507, 509 to release the series connection state of each battery cell 510, 530, 550, 570.
  • each battery cell 510, 530, 550, 570 is detected through the first control unit of the balancing control unit 900 (S102).
  • the first control unit of the balancing control unit 900 checks whether a battery cell having a voltage exceeding the reference value or a battery cell having a voltage below the reference value is present using the rated voltage as a reference value.
  • a voltage battery cell having a voltage lower than a reference value is present through the first control unit, it is determined that balancing is necessary, so that the balancing power is output through the balancing charging unit 170 so that the battery cell is additionally charged.
  • a battery cell having a voltage lower than a reference value is referred to as a second battery cell 530 and a third battery cell 550, and the circuit is switched to supply the balancing power to the battery cell, thereby being connected to the main charging unit 150.
  • the power supply circuit is connected to the balancing charging unit 170.
  • the second charging switch 330 and the third charging switch 350 connected to the corresponding battery cell are provided so that the balancing power can be additionally supplied to the second battery cell 530 and the third battery cell 550 that require balancing. Turn it on.
  • the second battery cell 530 and the third battery cell 550 which need additional balancing, are charged with the balancing power output through the balancing charging unit 170 (S103).
  • the battery connection part 700 is selected to be connected in parallel with each other by selecting a battery cell having a voltage below the reference value that is not being additionally charged through the second control part. Let the overcharging of the voltage battery cell be eliminated.
  • the balancing control unit 900 selects a voltage battery cell exceeding a reference voltage and a voltage battery cell below a reference value that is not being charged in parallel through the cell connection unit 700 to eliminate overcharging of the battery cell having a voltage exceeding the reference value, and is connected in parallel with each other. (S103).
  • the battery cell with a voltage exceeding the reference value becomes a battery cell to be discharged, and a battery cell with a voltage below the reference value becomes a battery cell to be charged.
  • the second control unit of the balancing control unit 900 is subject to discharge.
  • a selection signal S2 is provided to the cell connection unit 700 so that the two input terminals a and b connected to both ends of the first battery cell 510 which is a battery cell are connected to the two output terminals, and the fourth battery that is a battery cell to be charged
  • the selection signal S3 is provided to the cell connection unit 700 such that the two input terminals g and h connected to both ends of the cell 570 are connected to the two output terminals.
  • the cell connection unit 700 connects both output terminals a and b of the battery cell 510 to be discharged and two output terminals, and both ends of the battery cell 570 to be charged (g) , h) and two output terminals.
  • the battery cells 510 to be discharged and the battery cells 570 to be charged are connected in parallel, and as a result, a current flows from the battery cells 510 to be discharged with a relatively high potential for a certain period of time to charge the battery cells 570 to be charged. Will be charged.
  • the overcharged first battery cell 510 may be prevented from being overcharged, thereby preventing fire and prolonging life, and the lowly charged fourth battery cell 570 is additionally charged with power, The life of the battery pack can be extended.
  • Charging / discharging between the above-referenced voltage battery cell and the below-referenced voltage battery cell continues until the voltages of the two battery cells are balanced, and the second control unit of the balancing control unit 900 during charging / discharging is through a temperature sensor.
  • the temperature between the battery cell and the cell connection unit 700 is checked, and a value exceeding the allowable temperature is detected, charging / discharging is stopped between the battery cell exceeding the reference voltage and the battery cell below the reference voltage.
  • the second control unit of the balancing control unit 900 continuously detects the voltage of the battery cells 510, 530, 550, 570 and goes through the process as described above. Charging / discharging is performed between a battery cell with a voltage exceeding the reference value and a battery cell with a voltage below the reference value until no overcharged voltage battery cells exist.
  • the second control unit of the balancing control unit 900 detects a voltage for each of the plurality of battery cells, and if there is only a battery cell with a voltage exceeding a reference value, i.e., a battery to be charged by discharging the power of the battery with a voltage exceeding the reference value Since there is no charged battery cell, the discharged power can be recycled by discharging the power of the battery cell exceeding the reference voltage to the balancing charging unit 170 until the reference voltage is reached.
  • a reference value i.e., a battery to be charged by discharging the power of the battery with a voltage exceeding the reference value Since there is no charged battery cell, the discharged power can be recycled by discharging the power of the battery cell exceeding the reference voltage to the balancing charging unit 170 until the reference voltage is reached.
  • the battery pack 500 is charged using the main charging power output from the main charging unit 150 of the power supply unit 100.
  • connection switches 501 and 503 respectively installed between the plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570 through the first control unit of the balancing control unit 900 , 505, 507, 509 to release the series connection state of each battery cell 510, 530, 550, 570.
  • each battery cell 510, 530, 550, 570 is detected through the first control unit of the balancing control unit 900 (S202).
  • the first control unit of the balancing control unit 900 calculates a voltage average value therefor (S203).
  • the first control unit of the balancing control unit 900 sets the balancing target range using the calculated voltage average value as a reference value (S204).
  • the balancing is performed when it is out of the 10 mV range based on the calculated average voltage value, and the range in which the balancing is performed is called a balancing target range.
  • the first control unit of the balancing control unit 900 continues to be a battery cell belonging to the balancing target range among the plurality of battery cells 510, 530, 550, and 570 measured voltage, that is, calculated It is checked whether there is a battery cell having a voltage value outside the 10 mV range based on the average voltage value (S205).
  • the first control unit of the balancing control unit 900 determines a parallel balancing mode (S207).
  • the second control unit selects a battery cell having the highest voltage and a battery cell having the lowest voltage from among the battery cells to be parallelly connected (S208), determines the battery cell having the highest voltage as the battery cell to be discharged, and has the lowest voltage below the average value of the voltage.
  • the battery cell of the voltage is determined as the battery cell to be charged, so that the parallel balancing process is performed as described above (S209).
  • the first control unit of the balancing control unit 900 determines the charging balancing mode (S210), and as described above, each battery cell 510 , 530, 550, and 570 are again detected, additionally checking the existence of a battery cell that needs balancing, and then switching a circuit so that the balancing power is supplied to the battery cell to charge the battery cell requiring balancing ( S211).
  • the plurality of battery cells connected in series is controlled in parallel by controlling the relay assembly to detect the voltage of the individual battery cells, thereby charging the voltage compared to the rated voltage
  • Replenishment charging is performed using a separate charging device for the low-charged battery cells that are in poor condition, and if there is an overcharged battery cell compared to the rated voltage, the battery is overcharged by parallel connection with the low-charged battery cell that is not charging.
  • the battery cell is prevented from being damaged by being solved, and the battery cell is prevented from being charged, thereby improving the battery usage time by charging the maximum capacity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un dispositif et un procédé d'équilibrage de batterie de la présente invention, un ensemble relais est commandé de telle sorte qu'une pluralité de cellules de batterie connectées en série sont converties en cellules de batterie parallèles, de sorte que la tension d'une cellule de batterie individuelle est détectée. Par conséquent, un dispositif de charge séparé est utilisé de telle sorte qu'une charge supplémentaire est effectuée pour une cellule de batterie à faible charge dans laquelle un état de charge de tension par comparaison avec une tension nominale est faible, et en présence d'une cellule de batterie surchargée par rapport à la tension nominale, la cellule de batterie surchargée est connectée en parallèle à la batterie à faible charge, qui n'est pas chargée davantage de façon à remédier à une surcharge, et, par conséquent, un endommagement de la cellule de batterie est évité, et la non-charge de la cellule de batterie est évitée de telle sorte que le temps d'utilisation de la batterie peut être augmenté avec une capacité de charge maximale.
PCT/KR2018/014098 2018-09-21 2018-11-16 Dispositif et procédé d'équilibrage de batterie Ceased WO2020059952A1 (fr)

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KR1020180114246A KR101988027B1 (ko) 2018-09-21 2018-09-21 배터리의 밸런싱 장치 및 방법

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Cited By (3)

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WO2022194106A1 (fr) * 2021-03-15 2022-09-22 荣耀终端有限公司 Circuit de charge et de décharge de deux batteries et procédé de commande, et dispositif électronique
US12472839B2 (en) 2019-10-11 2025-11-18 Ariens Co. Power source and control system for a lawn mower
WO2026054200A1 (fr) * 2024-09-09 2026-03-12 주식회사 부명 Système de diagnostic de batterie comprenant un système de gestion de batterie

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KR102796089B1 (ko) * 2019-10-22 2025-04-14 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 배터리 관리 시스템 및 밸런싱 방법
KR102734170B1 (ko) * 2021-10-18 2024-11-25 일호솔루션 주식회사 멀티 출력이 가능한 에너지 저장시스템

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US12472839B2 (en) 2019-10-11 2025-11-18 Ariens Co. Power source and control system for a lawn mower
WO2022194106A1 (fr) * 2021-03-15 2022-09-22 荣耀终端有限公司 Circuit de charge et de décharge de deux batteries et procédé de commande, et dispositif électronique
WO2026054200A1 (fr) * 2024-09-09 2026-03-12 주식회사 부명 Système de diagnostic de batterie comprenant un système de gestion de batterie

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