WO2020158252A1 - 粘性調整剤および硬化性組成物 - Google Patents
粘性調整剤および硬化性組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020158252A1 WO2020158252A1 PCT/JP2019/050436 JP2019050436W WO2020158252A1 WO 2020158252 A1 WO2020158252 A1 WO 2020158252A1 JP 2019050436 W JP2019050436 W JP 2019050436W WO 2020158252 A1 WO2020158252 A1 WO 2020158252A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a viscosity modifier and a curable composition.
- hardened castor oil or fine powder of fatty acid diamide is used as a viscosity modifier (thickener) for curable compositions such as sealants and adhesives (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- This fine powder exerts a viscosity imparting effect by changing its shape into a needle shape by heating and shearing in a medium such as a resin or a solvent (hereinafter, it is referred to as "activating" that a viscosity modifier exerts a viscosity imparting effect). Called)).
- the above-mentioned viscosity modifier is usually added at the time of manufacturing a curable composition such as a sealant (specifically, at the time of mixing a resin, a plasticizer, fillers, etc.), and is added at the time of kneading heat and kneading. Partially activated by heat. However, it is difficult to activate the added viscosity modifier 100% only by the heat of kneading and the heat applied during kneading.
- the inactive part of the viscosity modifier is activated when the curable composition such as the sealant is stored.
- Activation during storage causes a thickening of the curable composition during storage, and there is a problem that storage stability deteriorates.
- the rate of increase in viscosity during storage becomes high, and the storage stability deteriorates significantly.
- the curable composition contains a filler such as a pigment, the dispersed state of the filler may change during storage, which causes a change in viscosity during storage (increased or decreased viscosity), and Stability may deteriorate.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can improve the deterioration of storage stability due to activation of the viscosity modifier or change in the dispersed state of the filler during storage of the curable composition.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a viscous modifier.
- the present inventors have mixed a specific polyamide compound with a fatty acid diamide and/or hydrogenated castor oil, which have been conventionally used as a viscosity modifier, as a viscosity modifier.
- a specific polyamide compound with a fatty acid diamide and/or hydrogenated castor oil which have been conventionally used as a viscosity modifier, as a viscosity modifier.
- the present invention is a viscosity modifier for a curable composition, which is a diamide compound (A) and/or hydrogenated castor oil (which is obtained by subjecting a diamine component (A1) and a monocarboxylic acid component (A2) to a condensation reaction.
- A′ and a polyamide compound (B) obtained by polycondensing an amine component (B1) and a carboxylic acid component (B2), wherein the amine component (B1) is a diamine having 2 to 54 carbon atoms.
- the polyamide compound (B) contains at least one selected carboxylic acid, and the polyamide compound (B) contains at least one of the amine component (B1) containing a polymerized fatty acid derivative and the carboxylic acid component (B2) containing a polymerized fatty acid.
- a viscosity modifier characterized by being a polyamide formed by condensation.
- the polyamide compound (B) preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 50,000.
- the amine component (B1) preferably contains a diamine or triamine having 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the carboxylic acid component (B2) contains at least a polymerized fatty acid.
- reaction molar ratio (B1/B2) of the amine component (B1) and the carboxylic acid component (B2) is preferably less than 1.
- the cured product of the curable composition may be used as a sealant or an adhesive.
- the present invention also provides a curable composition containing a binder and the above-mentioned viscosity modifier.
- the curable composition may further contain a filler.
- the viscosity modifier contains a diamide compound and/or hydrogenated castor oil, and a specific polyamide compound, so that the viscosity modifier during storage of the curable composition does not decrease in initial thickening property. It is possible to improve the deterioration of storage stability due to the activation of or the change in the dispersed state of the filler.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram which shows the mechanism by which a polyamide compound (B) stabilizes the filler contained in a curable composition.
- a mechanism is shown in which the polyamide compound (B) disperses aggregates of the diamide compound (A) and/or hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and promotes activation of the diamide compound (A) and/or hydrogenated castor oil (A′).
- a schematic diagram It is a schematic diagram.
- the viscosity modifier according to the present invention is an additive used in a curable composition, and contains a diamide compound (A) and/or hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and a polyamide compound (B).
- the diamide compound (A), hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and polyamide compound (B) will be described in detail below.
- the diamide compound (A) is a fatty acid diamide obtained by subjecting a diamine component (A1) and a monocarboxylic acid component (A2) to a condensation reaction.
- Examples of the diamide compound (A) include N-12 hydroxystearic acid N'-alkanoic acid ethylene (tetramethylene) diamide, N,N'-12 hydroxystearic acid ethylene (tetramethylene) diamide and N,N'-alkane.
- a fatty acid diamide (a) containing three components of acid ethylene (tetramethylene) diamide as a main component can be used.
- the fatty acid diamide (a) is obtained by adding an equivalent amount of ethylenediamine or tetramethylenediamine (1,4-diaminobutane) to a mixture of hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid and straight chain saturated fatty acid (hereinafter, simply referred to as “alkanoic acid”).
- the diamine component (A1) is ethylenediamine or tetramethylenediamine
- the monocarboxylic acid component (A2) is a hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid and alkanoic acid. It becomes a mixture.
- the general formula of the main component contained in the fatty acid diamide (a) is as follows. (1) N-12 hydroxystearic acid N'-alkanoic acid ethylene (tetramethylene) diamide (In the above general formula, l is a natural number.) (2) N,N'-12 hydroxystearate ethylene (tetramethylene) diamide (3) N,N'-alkanoic acid ethylene (tetramethylene) diamide (In the above general formula, n and m are natural numbers.)
- the fatty acid diamide (a) contains some unreacted raw materials and side reaction products in addition to the above three components (1) to (3).
- the diamide compound (A) according to the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned fatty acid diamide (a), and a diamine component (A1) and a monocarboxylic acid component (A2) exemplified below are subjected to a condensation reaction. Any other resulting diamide compound can be used.
- the conditions of the condensation reaction reaction temperature, blending ratio of each component, etc. at this time may be appropriately set by a known method.
- Examples of the diamine component (A1) according to the present invention include ethylenediamine (EDA), propylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine (TMDA), hexamethylenediamine (HMDA), octamethylenediamine (OMDA) and dodecamethylenediamine (DMDA).
- EDA ethylenediamine
- TMDA tetramethylenediamine
- HMDA hexamethylenediamine
- OMDA octamethylenediamine
- DMDA dodecamethylenediamine
- the aliphatic diamine, xylylenediamine, diaminodiphenylmethane, diaminodiphenyl ether, diaminodiphenylsulfone, aromatic diamine such as methylenebischloroaniline, and alicyclic diamine such as piperazine and isophoronediamine can be used.
- Examples of the monocarboxylic acid component (A2) according to the present invention include acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, Obtained from stearic acid, hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid, saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as araginic acid, behenic acid (behenic acid), and oleic acid, linoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosenoic acid, erucic acid, natural fats and oils
- Unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as mixed fatty acids (tall oil fatty acid, rice bran fatty acid, soybean oil fatty acid, beef tallow fatty acid, etc.) can be used.
- Hardened castor oil (A') is a triglyceride of a saturated fatty acid obtained by hydrogenating castor oil.
- a commercially available product can be used as the hydrogenated castor oil (A′), and examples of the commercially available product include C-wax (manufactured by Ogura Gosei Co., Ltd.), Kaowax 85P (manufactured by Kao Corporation), and castor hydrogenated oil A. (Made by Ito Oil Co., Ltd.), castor hardened oil (made by Sankei Sangyo Co., Ltd.), and the like.
- the components contained in the viscosity modifier according to the present invention include (1) diamide compound (A) and polyamide compound (B), (2) hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and polyamide compound (B), (3) diamide compound. There can be three combinations of (A), hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and polyamide compound (B).
- the polyamide compound (B) is a polyamide obtained by polycondensing an amine component (B1) and a carboxylic acid component (B2).
- the amine component (B1) contains, as an essential component, at least one amine selected from the group consisting of diamines having 2 to 54 carbon atoms and triamines having 2 to 54 carbon atoms.
- the carboxylic acid component (B2) contains at least one carboxylic acid selected from a dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 54 carbon atoms and a tricarboxylic acid having 4 to 54 carbon atoms as an essential component.
- the polyamide compound (B) is a polyamide obtained by polycondensing at least one of an amine component (B1) containing a polymerized fatty acid derivative and a carboxylic acid component (B2) containing a polymerized fatty acid. That is, at least one of an amine as a polymerized fatty acid derivative and a polymerized fatty acid is contained as an essential component of the raw material of the polyamide compound (B) according to the present invention.
- an amine as a polymerized fatty acid derivative and a polymerized fatty acid, a diamine other than the polymerized fatty acid derivative or a triamine and a polymerized fatty acid,
- a dicarboxylic acid or tricarboxylic acid other than the amine and the polymerized fatty acid is possible as the polymerized fatty acid derivative.
- the polyamide compound (B) is obtained by polycondensing the above amine component (B1) and carboxylic acid component (B2), and has any chemical structure as long as it is a polymer compound having an amide bond (—CONH—). Even a polyamide having a can be used.
- the amine component (B1), the carboxylic acid component (B2), the physical properties of the polyamide compound (B) and the synthesis method of the polyamide compound (B) used for the synthesis of the polyamide compound (B) will be described in detail in this order.
- amine component (B1) As the amine component (B1), at least one amine selected from the group consisting of diamines having 2 to 54 carbon atoms and triamines having 2 to 54 carbon atoms can be used.
- the diamine include aliphatic diamines such as ethylenediamine (EDA), propylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine (TMDA), hexamethylenediamine (HMDA), octamethylenediamine (OMDA), and dodecamethylenediamine (DMDA), xylylenediene.
- EDA ethylenediamine
- TMDA tetramethylenediamine
- HMDA hexamethylenediamine
- OMDA octamethylenediamine
- DMDA dodecamethylenediamine
- Examples thereof include aromatic diamines such as amine, diaminodiphenylmethane, diaminodiphenyl ether, diaminodiphenyl sulfone and methylenebischloroaniline, and alicyclic diamines such as piperazine and isophoronediamine.
- examples of the triamine include aliphatic triamines such as diethylenetriamine.
- a diamine or triamine derived from a polymerized fatty acid which is a polymerized fatty acid derivative can be used.
- polymerized fatty acid derivative include dimer diamine (DDA), which is a dimer acid derivative, and trimer triamine (TTA), which is a trimer acid derivative.
- the dimer acid is a polymerized fatty acid obtained by polymerizing (dimerizing) unsaturated fatty acids (for example, unsaturated fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms) obtained from vegetable oils such as soybean oil, tall oil, linseed oil and cottonseed oil. Generally, dimer acids having 36 carbon atoms are commercially available.
- dimer acid contains monomer acid and trimer acid in addition to dimer acid, but those having a large content of dimer acid are preferable.
- the dimer diamine is a dimer acid derivative in which two terminal carboxyl groups of dimer acid are substituted with a primary aminomethyl group or an amino group, and a commercially available product can be used.
- trimer acid is a polymerized fatty acid having a high trimer acid content based on dimer acid by distillation purification or the like, and in general, trimer acid having 54 carbon atoms is commercially available.
- trimer acid contains monomer acid and dimer acid in addition to trimer acid, but those having a large content of trimer acid are preferable.
- Trimer triamine is a trimer acid derivative in which three terminal carboxyl groups of trimer acid are substituted with primary aminomethyl groups or amino groups, and generally commercially available ones can be used.
- monoamine may be used in combination with the above-mentioned diamine and/or triamine as long as the effect of improving the storage stability of the viscosity modifier of the present invention is not impaired.
- monoamines that can be used in the amine component (B1) include ethylamine, monoethanolamine, propylamine, butylamine, pentylamine, hexylamine, octylamine, decylamine, laurylamine, myristylamine, cetylamine, stearylamine, behenylamine and the like. Are listed.
- Each of the compounds used as the amine component (B1) described above can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the viscosity adjusting agent adds the diamide compound (A).
- the amine component (B1) contains a diamine or triamine having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, regardless of whether it contains or contains hydrogenated castor oil (A′).
- the amine component (B1) contains a diamine or triamine having 2 to 8 carbon atoms so that the storage stability is improved. The improvement effect is particularly high.
- the amine component (B1) contains a diamine or triamine having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, thereby improving storage stability.
- the improvement effect is particularly high.
- these diamines or triamines at least one diamine selected from ethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine and dodecamethylenediamine is particularly preferably contained as the amine component (B1). ..
- the carboxylic acid component (B2) contains at least a polymerized fatty acid having 4 to 54 carbon atoms.
- Carboxylic acid component (B2) As the carboxylic acid component (B2), at least one carboxylic acid selected from a dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 54 carbon atoms and a tricarboxylic acid having 4 to 54 carbon atoms can be used. Examples of the dicarboxylic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, dimer acid Etc.
- Dimer acid is a polymerized fatty acid obtained by polymerizing (dimerizing) unsaturated fatty acids (for example, unsaturated fatty acids having 18 or 22 carbon atoms) obtained from vegetable oils such as soybean oil, tall oil, linseed oil and cottonseed oil, Generally, dimer acids having 36 or 44 carbon atoms are commercially available. Commercially available dimer acid contains monomer acid and trimer acid in addition to dimer acid, but those having a large content of dimer acid are preferable.
- unsaturated fatty acids for example, unsaturated fatty acids having 18 or 22 carbon atoms
- vegetable oils such as soybean oil, tall oil, linseed oil and cottonseed oil
- dimer acids having 36 or 44 carbon atoms are commercially available.
- Commercially available dimer acid contains monomer acid and trimer acid in addition to dimer acid, but those having a large content of dimer acid are preferable.
- examples of the above-mentioned tricarboxylic acid include trimeric acid and trimesic acid.
- Trimer acid is a polymerized fatty acid having a high trimer acid content based on dimer acid by distillation purification or the like. Generally, trimer acid having 54 carbon atoms is commercially available. Commercially available trimer acid contains monomer acid and dimer acid in addition to trimer acid, but those having a large content of trimer acid are preferable.
- a monocarboxylic acid may be used in combination with the above-mentioned dicarboxylic acid and/or tricarboxylic acid within a range that does not impair the storage stability improving effect of the viscosity modifier according to the present invention.
- the monocarboxylic acid that can be used as the carboxylic acid component (B2) include acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid.
- Saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as, stearic acid, hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid, araginic acid, behenic acid (behenic acid), and oleic acid, linoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosenoic acid, erucic acid, natural fats and oils
- Unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as the resulting mixed fatty acids (tall oil fatty acid, rice bran fatty acid, soybean oil fatty acid, beef tallow fatty acid, etc.) can be mentioned.
- a monocarboxylic acid is contained as the carboxylic acid component (B2)
- hydrogenated castor oil is particularly preferable. It is preferable to include a fatty acid.
- Each of the above-mentioned compounds used as the carboxylic acid component (B2) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the carboxylic acid component (B2) is at least polymerized fatty acid. It is preferable to include.
- the polymerized fatty acid used as the carboxylic acid component (B2) of the present invention is a polymer obtained by polymerizing a monobasic fatty acid having an unsaturated bond, or a polymer of an ester of a monobasic fatty acid having an unsaturated bond. It is a polymer obtained.
- an unsaturated fatty acid having 1 to 3 unsaturated bonds and having a total carbon number of 8 to 24 is usually used.
- these unsaturated fatty acids include oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, natural dry oil fatty acids, and natural semi-dry oil fatty acids.
- Examples of the monobasic fatty acid ester having an unsaturated bond include esters of the above-mentioned monobasic fatty acid having an unsaturated bond and an aliphatic alcohol, preferably an aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- those particularly suitable as the carboxylic acid component (B2) are dimer acid and trimer acid.
- the amine component (B1) is not particularly limited and may be a polymerized fatty acid derivative (for example, dimer diamine, trimer triamine), or other than the polymerized fatty acid derivative. It may be a diamine or a triamine.
- the above-mentioned polymerization as the carboxylic acid component (B2) is required.
- the amine component (B1) is preferably a diamine or triamine having 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the amine component (B1) is at least one diamine selected from ethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine and dodecamethylenediamine, and the carboxylic acid component (B2) is a dimer. It is a polymerized fatty acid of at least one of acid and trimer acid.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the polyamide compound (B) according to the present invention is preferably 2000 or more and 50,000 or less.
- the weight of the polyamide compound (B) is The average molecular weight Mw is more preferably 2000 or more and 19000 or less, and further preferably 2000 or more and 12000 or less. Further, in the composition in which the viscosity modifier is composed of hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and polyamide compound (B), the effect of improving the storage stability is particularly obtained when the weight average molecular weight Mw of the polyamide compound (B) is 3500 or more and 12000 or less. And the initial thickening tendency tends to be higher than that when the diamide compound (A) is used. The present inventors believe that the reason is basically that the hydrogenated castor oil (A′) is easier to activate than the diamide compound (A).
- the weight average molecular weight Mw is a value calculated based on the molecular weight of standard polystyrene from a chromatogram measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the polyamide compound (B) according to the present invention can be synthesized by subjecting the above-mentioned amine component (B1) and carboxylic acid component (B2) to polycondensation reaction under known reaction conditions.
- a starting material such as an amine component (B1) and a carboxylic acid component (B2) is charged into a reaction vessel such as a four-necked flask, and the starting material is stirred in an inert gas atmosphere (for example, under a nitrogen gas stream). Let it be a mixture. Then, the mixture of raw materials is heated and subjected to a polycondensation reaction at 150° C. to 200° C. for 2 to 10 hours to synthesize the polyamide compound (B).
- the reaction molar ratio (B1/B2) of the amine component (B1) and the carboxylic acid component (B2) is preferably less than 1. That is, it is preferable to cause the polycondensation reaction of an excess amount (molar ratio) of the carboxylic acid component (B2) with respect to the amine component (B1). In this case, at least one terminal of the polyamide compound (B) becomes a carboxyl group. However, in order to obtain the effect of improving the storage stability required in the present invention, at least one terminal of the polyamide compound (B) does not necessarily have to be a carboxyl group, and all terminals have amino groups. May be.
- the reaction molar ratio (B1/B2) means the ratio (molar ratio) of the amount of the amine component (B1) to the amount of the carboxylic acid component (B2).
- the viscosity modifier containing the above-mentioned diamide compound (A) and/or hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and the polyamide compound (B) can be produced as follows. For example, the diamide compound (A) and/or the hydrogenated castor oil (A′) are heated to a molten state, and then the polyamide compound (B) is added and melt mixed. The melting temperature at this time may be equal to or higher than the melting points of the diamide compound (A), the hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and the polyamide compound (B).
- the melt obtained by melt-mixing the diamide compound (A) and/or hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and the polyamide compound (B) is taken out as a solid.
- the solid mixture of the diamide compound (A) and/or hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and the polyamide compound (B) is pulverized to a desired particle size to give the diamide compound (A) and/or hydrogenated castor oil (A′).
- a powdery viscous modifier containing: and a polyamide compound (B) is produced.
- the pulverization method of the solid diamide compound (A) and/or hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and the polyamide compound (B) mixture is not particularly limited, and for example, a jet mill or the like can be used.
- the polyamide compound (B) is used in the production of the viscosity modifier in such an amount that the polyamide compound (B) is 1 with respect to the total amount of the diamide compound (A) and/or hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and the polyamide compound (B). It is preferably from mass% to 50 mass %.
- the viscosity modifier is composed of the diamide compound (A) and the polyamide compound (B)
- the lower limit of the blending amount of the polyamide compound (B) in order to further enhance the effect of suppressing the decrease in the initial viscosity increase, It is more preferably 5% by mass or more, and further preferably 10% by mass or more in order to further enhance the effect of improving storage stability.
- the upper limit of the amount of the polyamide compound (B) is more preferably 20% by mass or less in order to further enhance the effect of suppressing the decrease in the initial viscosity increase, and further improve the storage stability. In order to increase it, it is more preferable to set it to 30 mass% or less.
- the lower limit of the compounding amount of polyamide compound (B) is the effect of suppressing the decrease in initial viscosity increase and storage stability. In order to further enhance the effect of improving the property, it is more preferably 5% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the compounding amount of the polyamide compound (B) is more preferably 30% by mass or less in order to further enhance the effect of suppressing the decrease in the initial viscosity increase and the effect of improving the storage stability.
- Suitable applications of the viscosity modifier according to the present invention are sealants for buildings, ships, automobiles, roads, etc., adhesives, adhesives, coating materials, molding agents, vibration damping materials, vibration damping materials, soundproofing materials, and foam materials. It is an additive for curable compositions used for paints, spraying materials and the like. Among these applications, the viscosity modifier of the present invention is particularly preferably used when the cured product of the curable composition is used as a sealant or an adhesive.
- the curable composition according to the present invention contains a binder and the above-mentioned viscosity modifier as essential components. Further, the curable composition of the present invention may further contain, as an optional component, a plasticizer, a filler, and other additives such as a dehydrating agent and an adhesion improver.
- the content of the viscosity modifier for the curable composition of the present invention varies depending on the type of the resin that is the binder in the curable composition, the composition of the filler such as the pigment, and the like, but usually the curable composition It is 0.1 part by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less, and preferably 1 part by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total resin solid content. By setting the content of the viscosity modifier within the above range, it is possible to impart sufficient storage stability to the curable composition.
- the resin contained in the curable composition as a binder examples include modified silicone resin.
- the modified silicone resin is mainly composed of a silyl group-terminated polyether having a reactive silyl group introduced at the terminal.
- the modified silicone resin cures in the presence of water to form a siloxane bond.
- the modified silicone resin include silyl modified polymers formed by introducing a silyl group into the hydroxyl group terminal of a linear or branched polyoxyalkylene polymer as the main chain.
- silyl-modified polymer examples include silyl-modified polyurethane, silyl-modified polyester, silylated acrylate, and silyl group-terminated polyisobutylene.
- the modified silicone resin may be obtained by a known synthesis method or may be commercially available. Examples of commercial products of the modified silicone resin include MS polymer S810, MS polymer S202, MS polymer S203, MS polymer S303 manufactured by Kaneka, and Excester manufactured by AGC.
- the resin contained as the binder of the curable composition include, in addition to the modified silicone resin, for example, silicone resin, acrylic resin, acrylic urethane resin, alkyd resin, polyester resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin.
- examples thereof include resins, polysulfide-based resins, amino-based resins, butyl rubber, and commercially available oil-based caulking materials. These resins may be used in the presence of a catalyst or non-catalyst, such as heat-curable type, UV-curable type, electron beam curable type, oxidative curable type, photo-cation curable type, peroxide curable type, and acid/epoxy curable type.
- It may be a resin that cures in the presence of a chemical reaction, or a resin having a high glass transition point that does not involve a chemical reaction and forms a film only by volatilization of a diluting solvent.
- the curing agent include amino resins, melamine resins, isocyanate compounds, blocked isocyanate compounds and epoxy compounds.
- plasticizer examples include dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), diheptyl phthalate (DHP), dioctyl phthalate (DOP), diisononyl phthalate ( DINP), isononyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate (DINCH), diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), ditridecyl phthalate (DTDP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP), tetrahydrophthalate, adipine Dioctyl acid (DOA), diisononyl adipate (DINA), diisodecyl adipate (DIDA), di-n-alkyl adipate, dibutyldiglycol adipate (BXA), bis(2-ethylhexyl)
- DOA diison
- TBP Tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
- TOP Tri(chloroethyl)phosphate
- TCEP Trisdichloropropylphosphate
- CCPP Tributoxyethylphosphate
- TXP Tris( ⁇ -chloropropyl)phosphate
- TPP triphenyl phosphate
- CDP octyldiphenyl phosphate
- acetyl triethyl citrate acetyl citrate tributyl
- trimellitic acid plasticizer polyester plasticizer, polyether plasticizer, epoxy plasticizer , Chlorinated paraffin, stearic acid plasticizer, dimethylpolysiloxane, process oil, and the like.
- filler examples include extenders such as calcium carbonate (heavy calcium carbonate (GCC), precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC), etc.), barium sulfate, silicon dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, talc, organic fiber, glass powder, etc.; Titanium, carbon black, yellow lead, cadmium yellow, ocher, titanium yellow, zinc chromate, rouge, aluminosilicate, quinacridone, phthalocyanine, anthroquinone, diketopyrrolopyrrole, benzimidazolone and isoindolinone And other color pigments; and aluminum flakes, copper flakes, mica-like iron oxide, mica, and metallic pigments such as flaky powder obtained by coating mica with a metal oxide.
- GCC heavy calcium carbonate
- PCC precipitated calcium carbonate
- barium sulfate silicon dioxide
- aluminum hydroxide aluminum hydroxide
- talc organic fiber, glass powder, etc.
- the curable composition of the present invention contains other substances such as a dehydrating agent (for example, a silane coupling agent), an adhesion improver, a surfactant, and a curing agent as long as the characteristics and the object of the present invention are not impaired.
- a dehydrating agent for example, a silane coupling agent
- an adhesion improver for example, a surfactant
- a curing agent for example, a silane coupling agent
- a surfactant for example, a surfactant, and a curing agent
- a curing agent for example, a silane coupling agent
- a surfactant for example, a surfactant, and a curing agent
- a curing agent for example, a silane coupling agent, a surfactant, and a curing agent.
- the curable composition of the present invention can be produced according to known methods for producing sealants, adhesives and the like.
- the curable composition of the present invention is produced by mixing the components such as the binder, the plasticizer, the filler, and the viscosity modifier described above with a three-roll mill or a dissolver, and then kneading the mixture under heating under reduced pressure. To be done.
- the heating temperature during kneading may be, for example, 25 to 70°C.
- the curable composition of the present invention is a sealant for buildings, ships, automobiles, roads, medical devices, etc.; elastic adhesives, contact adhesives, tile adhesives, interior panel adhesives, exterior panel adhesives. Adhesives for tiles, adhesives for stone, adhesives for ceiling, adhesives for floor finish, adhesives for wall finish, adhesives for vehicle panels, adhesives for electrical/electronic/precision equipment assembly, etc.
- adhesives such as medical adhesives; materials for electrical and electronic parts such as solar cell backside encapsulants; electrical insulating materials such as insulation coatings for electric wires and cables; food packaging materials; coating materials; molding agents; Vibration damping material, vibration damping material, soundproofing material, foam material, paint, spraying material, medical material, electromagnetic wave shielding conductive material, thermal conductive material, hot melt material, electric and electronic potting agent, film, gasket, various moldings It can be used as a material.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the mechanism by which the polyamide compound (B) stabilizes the filler contained in the curable composition
- FIG. 2 shows the polyamide compound (B) as the diamide compound (A) and/or the cured castor oil.
- It is a schematic diagram which shows the mechanism which disperse
- the shearing force during kneading disperses the solid particles F such as fillers.
- the van der Waals force acts as an attractive force between the solid particles F such as the filler and the above dispersed state cannot be maintained, and Re-aggregation of the solid particles F occurs.
- the viscosity of the curable composition becomes non-uniform throughout the system, which causes a change in viscosity.
- the molecule P of the polyamide compound (B) is not sufficiently dispersed throughout the system of the curable composition, the above viscosity imparting effect cannot be obtained stably.
- the dispersion state of the molecule P of the polyamide compound (B) in the entire system changes depending on the combination (compatibility) of the polyamide compound (B) with the binder resin or the plasticizer.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the polyamide compound (B) is preferably 2000 or more and 50,000 or less.
- the initial thickening rate of the curable composition containing the viscosity modifier of the present invention is increased.
- the activated diamide compound (A) imparts stable viscosity to the system of the curable composition, and the stable structure (state shown in the right diagram of FIG. 2) is maintained by the action of the polyamide compound (B). And is stabilized. This stabilized structure has little change over time and thus has improved storage stability.
- the molecule P of the polyamide compound (B) acts to disperse the aggregates of the powder (solid particles) of the diamide compound (A).
- the molecule P of the polyamide compound (B) has a function of dispersing aggregates of the powder (solid particles) of the hydrogenated castor oil (A′).
- the amide compounds of Comparative Synthesis Examples B1 and B2 are synthesis examples that do not correspond to the polyamide compound (B) of the present invention.
- “12HSA” in Table 1 means hydrogenated castor oil fatty acid.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of each of Synthesis Examples B1 to B26 and Comparative Synthesis Examples B1 and B2 was measured as described above. Specifically, the value calculated based on the molecular weight of standard polystyrene from the chromatogram measured by GPC was used as the weight. The average molecular weight was Mw.
- HSC-8320GPC manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, trade name
- GPC GPC
- GCKF-801 x 1 and "GPCKF-802" x 2
- the weight average molecular weight was measured under the conditions of mobile phase: tetrahydrofuran, measurement temperature: 40° C., flow rate: 1 cc/min, detector: RI, using three commercial products.
- the terminal of the polyamide compound (B) of Synthesis Example B17 was an amine and the weight average molecular weight could not be measured using GPC, Table 1 does not describe the weight average molecular weight of Synthesis Example B17.
- the melt mixture is taken out as a solid, and the mixture of the solid is pulverized by a pulverizer so that the median diameter is in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the viscosity modifier of Production Example 31 was obtained.
- Comparative Production Examples 1 and 2 The viscosity of Comparative Production Examples 1 and 2 was obtained by performing in the same manner as in Production Example 2 except that the compounds (B′) of Comparative Synthesis Examples B1 and B2 were used instead of the polyamide compound (B) of Synthesis Example B1. A regulator was obtained.
- Table 3 shows the components and blending amounts of the viscosity modifiers of Production Examples 1 to 46 and Comparative Production Examples 1 to 5 obtained as described above.
- Examples 1 to 49, Comparative Examples 1 to 9 Specifically, in Examples 1 to 32, 35 to 48 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and 7, 100 parts of MS polymer S203 (modified silicone resin manufactured by Kaneka Corporation) as a binder (resin) and SANSO as a plasticizer.
- MS polymer S203 modified silicone resin manufactured by Kaneka Corporation
- SANSO SANSO
- the initial thickening was evaluated by measuring the viscosity (hereinafter referred to as “initial viscosity V 0 ”) on the day after the production of each curable composition, and using the diamide (base) used in each Example and Comparative Example. Using the relative value (hereinafter referred to as “viscosity index I 1 ”) of the initial viscosity V 0 of each curable composition when the viscosity of the compound (A) or the hydrogenated castor oil (A′) is 100, the following values are used. It was evaluated according to the standard.
- Viscosity index I 1 When the viscosity index I 1 is 100, it means that the initial viscosity V 0 of the curable composition is the same as the viscosity of the base diamide compound (A) or the cured castor oil (A′) (no change). To do. Therefore, the larger the value of the viscosity index I 1, the better the initial viscosity increase.
- Viscosity index I 1 Viscosity index I 1 is 50 or more and less than 70
- Viscosity index I 1 is less than 50
- viscosity change index I 2 the relative value of the viscosity change rate ⁇ V of each curable composition
- the viscosity change rate ⁇ Vb 100
- the viscosity change index I 2 100
- the viscosity change rate ⁇ V of the curable composition is the same as the viscosity change rate ⁇ Vb (no change). Therefore, the smaller the value of the viscosity change index I 2 is, the better the storage stability is as compared with the base diamide compound (A) or hydrogenated castor oil (A′).
- Viscosity change index I 2 is 25 or less
- B Viscosity change index I 2 is more than 25 and 50 or less
- the viscosity modifier is composed of the diamide compound (A) and the polyamide compound (B), from the comparison of Examples 2 and 6 to 9, when the diamine component (B1) has 2 to 8 carbon atoms, It can be seen that the storage stability is particularly excellent (A evaluation). Further, in the composition in which the viscosity modifier is composed of hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and polyamide compound (B), from the comparison of Examples 32 and 39 to 42, when the diamine component (B1) has 2 to 12 carbon atoms, It can be seen that the storage stability is particularly excellent (A evaluation).
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the polyamide compound (B) is excellent in initial thickening and storage stability when it is 19000 or less (B evaluation or more), and storage stability when it is 12000 or less. It can be seen that it is particularly excellent in (A evaluation).
- the amine component (B1) had 2 to 54 carbon atoms. It can be seen that when at least one of the diamine and the triamine having 2 to 54 carbon atoms is contained, even if the monoamine is contained, the effect of suppressing the decrease in initial viscosity and the effect of improving storage stability can be obtained. Furthermore, as shown in Example 23, it can be seen that even when two or more diamines are used as the amine component (B1), the effect of suppressing the decrease in initial viscosity and the effect of improving storage stability can be obtained.
- an excess amount of the amine component (B1) is used as in Example 21 and the terminal of the polyamide compound (B) is an amino group
- an excess amount of the carboxylic acid component (B2) is used as in Example 10.
- Is used and the terminal carboxyl group is capped with a monoamine
- an excess amount of the amine component (B1) is used as in Examples 28 and 29, and the terminal amino group is treated with a monocarboxylic acid. It can be seen that even when capped, the effect of suppressing the decrease in initial viscosity and the effect of improving storage stability can be obtained.
- Example 2 In addition, from the comparison between Example 2 and Example 32, excellent initial viscosity was obtained regardless of whether the diamide compound (A) was used as the viscosity modifier or the hardened castor oil (A′) was used. It can be seen that the effect of suppressing the decrease in the storage capacity and the effect of improving the storage stability can be obtained.
- Example 9 and Example 34, and Example 32 and Example 49 Furthermore, from the comparison between Example 2 and Example 33, the comparison between Example 9 and Example 34, and Example 32 and Example 49, an excellent effect of suppressing decrease in initial viscosity and storage regardless of the type of filler. It can be seen that the stability improving effect is obtained.
- the initial thickening property is particularly high. It can be seen that excellent (A evaluation or higher) and particularly excellent storage stability (A evaluation or higher) when the content is 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less. Further, in the composition in which the viscosity modifier is composed of hydrogenated castor oil (A′) and polyamide compound (B), when the blending amount of polyamide compound (B) is 5% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less, initial thickening and storage It can be seen that the stability is particularly excellent (A rating or higher).
- Comparative Example 1 containing no diamine and triamine as the amine component (B1) and Comparative Example 2 containing no dicarboxylic acid and tricarboxylic acid as the carboxylic acid component (B2) were excellent in initial thickening but were stable in storage. It can be seen that the sex deteriorates (D evaluation). Further, Comparative Examples 3 to 6 and 8 containing only the diamide compound (A) or the hydrogenated castor oil (A′) as the viscosity modifier are excellent in the initial thickening property, but the storage stability is deteriorated (D evaluation). I understand. Further, it can be seen that in Comparative Examples 7 and 9 in which the curable composition does not contain the viscosity modifier itself, the initial thickening property deteriorates (D evaluation).
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る粘性調整剤は、硬化性組成物に用いられる添加剤であって、ジアマイド化合物(A)および/または硬化ひまし油(A’)と、ポリアミド化合物(B)とを含有する。以下、ジアマイド化合物(A)、硬化ひまし油(A’)およびポリアミド化合物(B)について詳細に述べる。
本発明に係るジアマイド化合物(A)は、ジアミン成分(A1)とモノカルボン酸成分(A2)とを縮合反応して得られる脂肪酸ジアマイドである。
(1)N-12ヒドロキシステアリン酸N’-アルカン酸エチレン(テトラメチレン)ジアマイド
(2)N,N’-12ヒドロキシステアリン酸エチレン(テトラメチレン)ジアマイド
硬化ひまし油(A’)は、ひまし油に水素添加することで得られる、飽和脂肪酸のトリグリセリドである。硬化ひまし油(A’)としては市販品を使用することができ、市販品の例としては、C-ワックス(小倉合成工業株式会社製)、カオーワックス85P(花王株式会社製)、ヒマシ硬化油A(伊藤製油株式会社製)、ヒマシ硬化油(山桂産業株式会社製)等が挙げられる。
本発明に係るポリアミド化合物(B)は、アミン成分(B1)とカルボン酸成分(B2)とを重縮合させて得られるポリアミドである。本発明において、アミン成分(B1)は、炭素数2~54のジアミンおよび炭素数2~54のトリアミンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種のアミンを必須成分として含む。また、カルボン酸成分(B2)は、炭素数4~54のジカルボン酸および炭素数4~54のトリカルボン酸から選択される少なくとも1種のカルボン酸を必須成分として含む。さらに、ポリアミド化合物(B)は、重合脂肪酸誘導体を含むアミン成分(B1)および重合脂肪酸を含むカルボン酸成分(B2)の少なくともいずれか一方を重縮合させて得られるポリアミドである。すなわち、本発明に係るポリアミド化合物(B)の原料の必須成分として、重合脂肪酸誘導体としてのアミンと重合脂肪酸の少なくともいずれか一方が含まれる。ポリアミド化合物(B)の合成に使用されるアミン成分(B1)とカルボン酸成分(B2)の組み合わせとしては、重合脂肪酸誘導体としてのアミンと重合脂肪酸、重合脂肪酸誘導体以外のジアミンまたはトリアミンと重合脂肪酸、および、重合脂肪酸誘導体としてのアミンと重合脂肪酸以外のジカルボン酸またはトリカルボン酸が可能である。
アミン成分(B1)としては、炭素数2~54のジアミンおよび炭素数2~54のトリアミンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種のアミンが使用できる。上記ジアミンとしては、例えば、エチレンジアミン(EDA)、プロピレンジアミン、テトラメチレンジアミン(TMDA)、ヘキサメチレンジアミン(HMDA)、オクタメチレンジアミン(OMDA)、ドデカメチレンジアミン(DMDA)等の脂肪族ジアミン、キシリレンジアミン、ジアミノジフェニルメタン、ジアミノジフェニルエーテル、ジアミノジフェニルスルホン、メチレンビスクロロアニリン等の芳香族ジアミン、ピペラジン、イソホロンジアミンなどの脂環式ジアミンが挙げられる。また、上記トリアミンとしては、例えば、ジエチレントリアミン等の脂肪族トリアミンが挙げられる。
カルボン酸成分(B2)としては、炭素数4~54のジカルボン酸および炭素数4~54のトリカルボン酸から選択される少なくとも1種のカルボン酸が使用できる。上記ジカルボン酸としては、例えば、コハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、ピメリン酸、スベリン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、ドデカン二酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、フタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸、ダイマー酸等が挙げられる。ダイマー酸は、大豆油、トール油、亜麻仁油、綿実油等の植物油から得られる不飽和脂肪酸(例えば、炭素数18または22の不飽和脂肪酸)を重合(二量化)して得られる重合脂肪酸で、一般に、炭素数36または44のダイマー酸が市販されている。市販のダイマー酸中には、ダイマー酸の他にモノマー酸やトリマー酸が含まれているが、ダイマー酸の含有量が多いものが好ましい。
本発明に係るポリアミド化合物(B)の重量平均分子量Mwは、2000以上50000以下であることが好ましい。ポリアミド化合物(B)の重量平均分子量Mwを上記範囲とすることで、本発明に係る粘性調整剤を含有する硬化性組成物の初期の増粘性を低下させることなく、貯蔵安定性の改善効果が高まる。粘性調整剤がジアマイド化合物(A)とポリアミド化合物(B)とからなる組成において、初期の増粘性の低下抑制効果および貯蔵安定性の改善効果をさらに高めるためには、ポリアミド化合物(B)の重量平均分子量Mwは、2000以上19000以下であることがより好ましく、2000以上12000以下であることがさらに好ましい。また、粘性調整剤が硬化ひまし油(A’)とポリアミド化合物(B)とからなる組成においては、ポリアミド化合物(B)の重量平均分子量Mwが3500以上12000以下の場合に特に貯蔵安定性の改善効果に優れ、初期増粘性は、ジアマイド化合物(A)を用いた場合よりも高くなる傾向にある。本発明者らは、この理由を、基本的に、ジアマイド化合物(A)に比べて硬化ひまし油(A’)の方が活性化しやすいためと考えている。
本発明に係るポリアミド化合物(B)は、上述したアミン成分(B1)とカルボン酸成分(B2)とを公知の反応条件下で重縮合反応させることにより合成できる。例えば、4口フラスコ等の反応容器に、原料であるアミン成分(B1)およびカルボン酸成分(B2)を投入し、不活性ガス雰囲気(例えば、窒素ガス気流下等)にて原料を撹拌し、混合物とする。その後、原料の混合物を加熱し、150℃~200℃で2~10時間重縮合反応させることにより、ポリアミド化合物(B)が合成される。
上述したジアマイド化合物(A)および/または硬化ひまし油(A’)とポリアミド化合物(B)とを含有する粘性調整剤は、以下のようにして製造できる。例えば、ジアマイド化合物(A)および/または硬化ひまし油(A’)を加熱し溶融状態とした後に、ポリアミド化合物(B)を加え、溶融混合する。このときの溶融温度は、ジアマイド化合物(A)、硬化ひまし油(A’)およびポリアミド化合物(B)の融点以上とすればよい。次に、ジアマイド化合物(A)および/または硬化ひまし油(A’)とポリアミド化合物(B)が溶融混合した溶融液を固体として取り出す。この固体のジアマイド化合物(A)および/または硬化ひまし油(A’)とポリアミド化合物(B)の混合物を所望の粒径に粉砕することにより、ジアマイド化合物(A)および/または硬化ひまし油(A’)とポリアミド化合物(B)とを含有する粉末状の粘性調整剤が製造される。固体のジアマイド化合物(A)および/または硬化ひまし油(A’)とポリアミド化合物(B)混合物の粉砕方法としては特に制限されないが、例えば、ジェットミル等を使用できる。
本発明に係る粘性調整剤が適する用途は、建造物・船舶・自動車・道路などのシーラント、接着剤、粘着剤、コーティング材、型取剤、防振材、制振材、防音材、発泡材料、塗料、吹付材などに使用される硬化性組成物用の添加剤である。これらの用途のうち、特に、硬化性組成物の硬化物がシーラントまたは接着剤として使用される場合に、本発明の粘性調整剤は特に好適に用いられる。
本発明に係る硬化性組成物は、バインダと、上述した粘性調整剤とを必須成分として含有する。また、本発明の硬化性組成物は、任意成分として、可塑剤、フィラー、および、脱水剤、密着向上剤等のその他の添加剤をさらに含有していてもよい。本発明の硬化性組成物用粘性調整剤の含有量は、硬化性組成物中のバインダである樹脂の種類、顔料等のフィラーの配合組成などにより異なるが、通常は、硬化性組成物中の全樹脂固形分100質量部に対して0.1質量部以上30質量部以下であり、1質量部以上20質量部以下であることが好ましい。粘性調整剤の含有量を上記範囲とすることにより、硬化性組成物に十分な貯蔵安定性を付与できる。
硬化性組成物にバインダとして含有される樹脂としては、例えば、変成シリコーン樹脂が挙げられる。変成シリコーン樹脂は、末端に反応性シリル基を導入したシリル基末端ポリエーテルを主成分とするものである。例えば、変成シリコーン樹脂をシーラント等の硬化性組成物のバインダとして用いる場合、変成シリコーン樹脂は、水分の存在下で硬化し、シロキサン結合を形成するものであることが好ましい。変成シリコーン樹脂としては、例えば、直鎖または分岐鎖のポリオキシアルキレンポリマーを主鎖とし、その水酸基末端にシリル基を導入して形成したシリル変成ポリマーが挙げられる。シリル変成ポリマーの他の例としては、シリル変成ポリウレタン、シリル変成ポリエステル、シリル化アクリレート、シリル基末端ポリイソブチレン等が挙げられる。変成シリコーン樹脂は、公知の合成方法により得られるものであってもよく、市販品として入手可能なものであってもよい。変成シリコーン樹脂の市販品としては、例えば、カネカ社製のMSポリマーS810、MSポリマーS202、MSポリマーS203、MSポリマーS303、AGC社製のエクセスター等が挙げられる。
可塑剤としては、例えば、フタル酸ジメチル(DMP)、フタル酸ジエチル(DEP)、フタル酸ジ-n-ブチル(DBP)、フタル酸ジヘプチル(DHP)、フタル酸ジオクチル(DOP)、フタル酸ジイソノニル(DINP)、1,2-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸イソノニル(DINCH)、フタル酸ジイソデシル(DIDP)、フタル酸ジトリデシル(DTDP)、フタル酸ブチルベンジル(BBP)、フタル酸ジシクロヘキシル(DCHP)、テトラヒドロフタル酸エステル、アジピン酸ジオクチル(DOA)、アジピン酸ジイソノニル(DINA)、アジピン酸ジイソデシル(DIDA)、アジピン酸ジn-アルキル、ジブチルジグリコールアジペート(BXA)、アゼライン酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)(DOZ)、セバシン酸ジブチル(DBS)、セバシン酸ジオクチル(DOS)、マレイン酸ジブチル(DBM)、マレイン酸ジ-2-エチルヘキシル(DOM)、フマル酸ジブチル(DBF)、リン酸トリクレシル(TCP)、トリエチルホスフェート(TEP)、トリブチルホスフェート(TBP)、トリス・(2-エチルヘキシル)ホスフェート(TOP)、トリ(クロロエチル)ホスフェート(TCEP)、トリスジクロロプロピルホスフェート(CRP)、トリブトキシエチルホスフェート(TBXP)、トリス(β-クロロプロピル)ホスフェート(TMCPP)、トリフェニルホスフェート(TPP)、オクチルジフェニルホスフェート(CDP)、クエン酸アセチルトリエチル、アセチルクエン酸トリブチル、トリメリット酸系可塑剤、ポリエステル系可塑剤、ポリエーテル系可塑剤、エポキシ系可塑剤、塩素化パラフィン、ステアリン酸系可塑剤、ジメチルポリシロキサン、プロセスオイル、等が挙げられる。
フィラーとしては、例えば、炭酸カルシウム(重質炭酸カルシウム(GCC)、沈降炭酸カルシウム(PCC)等)、硫酸バリウム、二酸化ケイ素、水酸化アルミニウム、タルク、有機繊維、ガラス粉等等の体質顔料;二酸化チタン、カーボンブラック、黄鉛、カドミウムイエロー、オーカー、チタンイエロー、ジンクロメート、弁柄、アルミノケイ酸塩、キナクリドン系、フタロシアニン系、アントロキノン系、ジケトピロロピロール系、ベンズイミダゾロン系およびイソインドリノン系等の着色顔料;およびアルミニウムフレーク、銅フレーク、雲母状酸化鉄、雲母、および雲母に金属酸化物を被覆した鱗片状粉末等のメタリック顔料などが挙げられる。
本発明の硬化性組成物には、その特性や本発明の目的が損なわれない範囲で、他の物質、例えば、脱水剤(例えば、シランカップリング剤)、密着向上剤、界面活性剤、硬化触媒、増膜助剤、ドライヤー、汚染防止剤、増感剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、耐水化剤、防腐防カビ剤、消泡剤、レベリング剤、分散剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤、剥離剤、消臭剤、香料などの他の添加剤を含有することができる。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、公知のシーラント、接着剤等の製造方法に準じて製造できる。例えば、上述したバインダ、可塑剤、フィラー、粘性調整剤等の各成分を3本ロールミルまたはディゾルバー等で混合した後、減圧下で加熱しながら混練することにより、本発明の硬化性組成物が製造される。混練時の加熱温度としては、例えば、25~70℃とすればよい。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、建造物・船舶・自動車・道路・医療機器などのシーラント;弾性接着剤、コンタクト型接着剤、タイル張り用接着剤、内装パネル用接着剤、外装パネル用接着剤、タイル張り用接着剤、石材張り用接着剤、天井仕上げ用接着剤、床仕上げ用接着剤、壁仕上げ用接着剤、車両パネル用接着剤、電気・電子・精密機器組立用接着剤等の接着剤;医療用粘着剤等の粘着剤;太陽電池裏面封止材などの電気・電子部品材料;電線・ケーブル用絶縁被覆材などの電気絶縁材料;食品包装材;コーティング材;型取剤;防振材;制振材;防音材;発泡材料;塗料;吹付材;医療用材料;電磁波遮蔽用導電性材料;熱伝導性材料;ホットメルト材料;電気電子用ポッティング剤;フィルム;ガスケット;各種成形材料等に使用できる。
次に、図1および図2を参照しながら、本発明者らの推察に基づき、上述した硬化性組成物において貯蔵安定性が改善するメカニズムを述べる。図1は、ポリアミド化合物(B)が硬化性組成物に含まれるフィラーを安定化させるメカニズムを示す模式図であり、図2は、ポリアミド化合物(B)がジアマイド化合物(A)および/または硬化ひまし油(A’)の凝集物を分散させ、ジアマイド化合物(A)および/または硬化ひまし油(A’)の活性化を促進するメカニズムを示す模式図である。
まず、4口フラスコに、原料として、表1に記載したアミン成分(B1)とカルボン酸成分(B2)とを表1に記載したモル比で添加し、窒素ガス気流下で撹拌しながら加熱し、150℃で1時間反応後、さらに、175℃で2時間反応させた。その結果、表1に記載した合成例B1~B26および比較合成例B1、B2のポリアミド化合物(B)を得た。なお、比較合成例B1およびB2のアミド化合物(以下、「化合物(B’)」と記載する。)は、本発明のポリアミド化合物(B)には該当しない合成例である。また、表1中の「12HSA」は、水素添加ひまし油脂肪酸を意味する。
次に、ジアマイド化合物(A)の合成方法および粘性調整剤の製造方法について述べる。
表2に記載のジアミン成分(A1)とモノカルボン酸成分(A2)とを窒素ガス気流下で190℃にて6時間、生成する水を取り除くように反応させて合成例A1のジアマイド化合物(A)を得た後、上述したようにして得た合成例B1~B26のポリアミド化合物(B)をそれぞれ加え、溶融混合した。さらに、この溶融混合物を固体として取り出し、この固体の混合物を粉砕機にてメディアン径が1μm~10μmの範囲となるように粉砕することで、製造例1~30の粘性調整剤を得た。
表2に記載のジアミン成分(A1)とモノカルボン酸成分(A2)とを窒素ガス気流下で190℃にて6時間、生成する水を取り除くように反応させてジアマイド化合物を得た後、硬化ひまし油(A’)としてC-ワックス(小倉合成工業株式会社製)を加えて溶融混合し、合成例A2のジアマイド化合物(A)とした。さらに、合成例B2のポリアミド化合物(B)を加え、溶融混合した後、この溶融混合物を固体として取り出し、この固体の混合物を粉砕機にてメディアン径が1μm~10μmの範囲となるように粉砕することで、製造例31の粘性調整剤を得た。
硬化ひまし油(A’)として、C-ワックス(小倉合成工業株式会社製)を用い、この硬化ひまし油(A’)を加熱して溶融させたところに、合成例B1~B5、B11~B16のポリアミド化合物(B)を加え、溶融混合した。さらに、この溶融混合物を固体として取り出し、この固体の混合物を粉砕機にてメディアン径が1μm~10μmの範囲となるように粉砕することで、製造例32~46の粘性調整剤を得た。
合成例B1のポリアミド化合物(B)の代わりに、比較合成例B1およびB2の化合物(B’)を用いた以外は、製造例2と同様に実施することにより、比較製造例1および2の粘性調整剤を得た。
製造例1と同様にして合成例A1のジアマイド化合物(A)を得た後、ポリアミド化合物(B)を加えずに、固体として取り出し、この固体を粉砕機にてメディアン径が1μm~10μmの範囲となるように粉砕することで、比較製造例3の粘性調整剤を得た。
製造例31と同様にして合成例A2のジアマイド化合物(A)を得た後、ポリアミド化合物(B)を加えずに、固体として取り出し、この固体を粉砕機にてメディアン径が1μm~10μmの範囲となるように粉砕することで、比較製造例4の粘性調整剤を得た。
製造例32と同じ硬化ひまし油(A’)を加熱溶融したものを固体として取り出し、この固体を粉砕機にてメディアン径が1μm~10μmの範囲となるように粉砕することで、比較製造例5の粘性調整剤を得た。
上述したようにして得られた製造例1~46および比較製造例1~5の粘性調整剤を用い、表4に示す配合Aまたは表5に示す配合Bにて実施例1~49および比較例1~9の硬化性組成物を製造した。
具体的には、実施例1~32、35~48および比較例1~5、7については、バインダ(樹脂)としてMSポリマーS203(株式会社カネカ製の変成シリコーン樹脂)100部、可塑剤としてサンソサイザーDINP(新日本理化株式会社製のフタル酸ジイソノニル)30部、ホワイトンSB(白石カルシウム株式会社製の重質炭酸カルシウム)160部、白艶華CCR(白石カルシウム株式会社製の沈降炭酸カルシウム)50部、粘性調整剤として製造例1~32および比較製造例1~5のいずれかの粘性調整剤7部を3本ロールミルにて予備分散した後、プラネタリーミキサーを用いて減圧下、45℃で混練した。この混練物に、脱水剤としてSilquest A-171(モメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ社製)3部、密着向上剤としてSilquest A-1122(モメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ社製)3部を加え、プラネタリーミキサーを用いて混練することで、実施例1~32、35~48および比較例1~5、7の硬化性組成物を得た。実施例33、34、49および比較例6、8、9については、バインダ(樹脂)としてMSポリマーS203(株式会社カネカ製の変成シリコーン樹脂)100部、可塑剤としてサンソサイザーDINP(新日本理化株式会社製のフタル酸ジイソノニル)60部、ホワイトンSB(白石カルシウム株式会社製の重質炭酸カルシウム)150部、タイペークR-820(石原産業株式会社製のルチル型酸化チタン)15部、粘性調整剤として製造例2、9および比較製造例1のいずれかの粘性調整剤7部をディゾルバーにて予備分散した後、プラネタリーミキサーを用いて減圧下、45℃で混練した。この混練物に、脱水剤としてSilquest A-171(モメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ社製)3部、密着向上剤としてSilquest A-1122(モメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ社製)3部を加え、プラネタリーミキサーを用いて混練することで、実施例33、34、49および比較例6、8、9の硬化性組成物を得た。また、配合Aおよび配合Bのうち、粘性調整剤を添加していないものをそれぞれ比較例7および比較例9の硬化性組成物とした。各硬化性組成物は、密封のできる2つの容器に充填した。これら2つの容器に充填した硬化性組成物は、それぞれ、初期増粘性評価用および貯蔵安定性評価用のサンプルである。なお、実施例1~49および比較例1~6、8において使用された粘性調整剤および配合を表6に示した。
上述したようにして得られた実施例1~49および比較例1~9の硬化性組成物について、初期増粘性および貯蔵安定性の評価を行った。なお、初期増粘性および貯蔵安定性の評価において、粘度の測定にはレオメーターを用い、ズリ速度0.1s-1での粘度を測定値とした。
初期増粘性の評価は、各硬化性組成物を製造した翌日に粘度(以下、「初期粘度V0」と称する。)を測定し、各実施例および比較例で使用した(ベースとなる)ジアマイド化合物(A)または硬化ひまし油(A’)の粘度を100としたときの各硬化性組成物の初期粘度V0の相対値(以下、「粘度指数I1」と称する。)を用い、以下の基準で評価した。なお、粘度指数I1が100のときは、硬化性組成物の初期粘度V0が、ベースとなるジアマイド化合物(A)または硬化ひまし油(A’)の粘度と同じ(変化無し)ということを意味する。したがって、粘度指数I1の値が大きい程、初期増粘性に優れることになる。
A:粘度指数I1が90以上
B:粘度指数I1が70以上90未満
C:粘度指数I1が50以上70未満
D:粘度指数I1が50未満
貯蔵安定性は、以下のようにして評価した。まず、各硬化性組成物について50℃で2週間貯蔵した後の粘度(以下、「貯蔵後粘度Vs」と称する。)を測定し、初期粘度V0に対する貯蔵後粘度Vsの変化率ΔV(=(Vs-V0)/V0×100)を求めた。また、ベースとなるジアマイド化合物(A)または硬化ひまし油(A’)についても、同様にして、初期粘度V0に対する貯蔵後粘度Vsの変化率ΔVbを求めた。さらに、粘度変化率ΔVbの粘度変化率を100としたときの各硬化性組成物の粘度変化率ΔVの相対値(以下、「粘度変化指数I2」と称する。)を用い、以下の基準で評価した。なお、粘度変化指数I2が100のときは、硬化性組成物の粘度変化率ΔVが、粘度変化率ΔVbと同じ(変化無し)ということを意味する。したがって、粘度変化指数I2の値が小さい程、ベースとなるジアマイド化合物(A)または硬化ひまし油(A’)と比較して、貯蔵安定性に優れるということになる。
A:粘度変化指数I2が25以下
B:粘度変化指数I2が25超50以下
C:粘度変化指数I2が50超75以下
D:粘度変化指数I2が75超
上述したようにして評価した初期増粘性および貯蔵安定性の評価結果を上記表6に示した。
Claims (8)
- 硬化性組成物用の粘性調整剤であって、
ジアミン成分(A1)とモノカルボン酸成分(A2)とを縮合反応させてなるジアマイド化合物(A)および/または硬化ひまし油(A’)と、
アミン成分(B1)とカルボン酸成分(B2)とを重縮合させてなるポリアミド化合物(B)と、
を含有し、
前記アミン成分(B1)は、炭素数2~54のジアミンおよび炭素数2~54のトリアミンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種のアミンを含み、
前記カルボン酸成分(B2)は、炭素数4~54のジカルボン酸および炭素数4~54のトリカルボン酸から選択される少なくとも1種のカルボン酸を含み、
前記ポリアミド化合物(B)は、重合脂肪酸誘導体を含む前記アミン成分(B1)および重合脂肪酸を含む前記カルボン酸成分(B2)の少なくともいずれか一方を重縮合させてなるポリアミドであることを特徴とする、粘性調整剤。 - 前記ポリアミド化合物(B)の重量平均分子量が、2000~50000であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の粘性調整剤。
- 前記アミン成分(B1)が、炭素数2~12のジアミンまたはトリアミンを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の粘性調整剤。
- 前記カルボン酸成分(B2)が、少なくとも重合脂肪酸を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の粘性調整剤。
- 前記アミン成分(B1)と前記カルボン酸成分(B2)との反応モル比(B1/B2)が1未満であることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の粘性調整剤。
- 前記硬化性組成物の硬化物が、シーラントまたは接着剤として使用されることを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の粘性調整剤。
- バインダと、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の粘性調整剤と、を含有することを特徴とする、硬化性組成物。
- フィラーをさらに含有することを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の硬化性組成物。
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| US17/427,281 US12441884B2 (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2019-12-23 | Rheology control agent and curable composition using the same |
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| WO2022097747A1 (ja) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-05-12 | 楠本化成株式会社 | 水性樹脂用粘性調整剤および水性塗料組成物 |
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| JP2024501477A (ja) * | 2020-12-14 | 2024-01-12 | ルブリゾル アドバンスド マテリアルズ, インコーポレイテッド | テレケリックn-アルキル化ポリアミドポリマー及びコポリマー |
| WO2024143505A1 (ja) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-07-04 | 楠本化成株式会社 | 粘性調整剤、密着性向上剤および非水系塗料組成物 |
| JP2025524402A (ja) * | 2022-06-16 | 2025-07-30 | アルケマ フランス | レオロジー制御添加剤組成物 |
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| TWI821489B (zh) | 2023-11-11 |
| JPWO2020158252A1 (ja) | 2021-10-21 |
| CN113195592A (zh) | 2021-07-30 |
| CN113195592B (zh) | 2024-03-26 |
| EP3919546A4 (en) | 2022-10-12 |
| US20220135798A1 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
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| US12441884B2 (en) | 2025-10-14 |
| TW202039750A (zh) | 2020-11-01 |
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