WO2020245106A1 - Procédé et dispositif de contrôle de la dégradation du matériau de cellules solaires et de modules solaires - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de contrôle de la dégradation du matériau de cellules solaires et de modules solaires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020245106A1
WO2020245106A1 PCT/EP2020/065194 EP2020065194W WO2020245106A1 WO 2020245106 A1 WO2020245106 A1 WO 2020245106A1 EP 2020065194 W EP2020065194 W EP 2020065194W WO 2020245106 A1 WO2020245106 A1 WO 2020245106A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar
solar cell
voltage
solar module
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2020/065194
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marko Turek
Christian Hagendorf
Kai SPORLEDER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of WO2020245106A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020245106A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
    • H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for testing solar cells and solar modules for electrical material degradation.
  • Measuring devices such as cameras are carried out directly in the field, with the installed solar modules in the
  • Electroluminescence imaging, infrared imaging, I-V measurements under standard measurement conditions with
  • a method for testing solar cells and solar modules is known from WO 2013/170422 A1, with which the current-voltage characteristics of the solar cells or solar modules can be measured with high accuracy.
  • the solar cells or solar modules are illuminated with short light pulses during each
  • Light pulse increases the electrical voltage on the solar cell or the solar module in stages and the current supplied by the solar cell or the solar module is recorded at fixed times in order to maintain the current-voltage characteristic.
  • the time sequence of the step-by-step increase in voltage and measurement of the current is selected to be capacitive
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for testing solar cells and solar modules for material
  • the task is with the procedure and the
  • a current generated by the solar cell (s) or the solar module is measured in a time-resolved manner during a step-wise change in the electrical voltage on the solar cell (s) or the solar module in order to be able to use an electrical model of the solar cell (n ) or the solar module has an electrical capacity of
  • electrical connections of the solar cell (s) or the solar module are applied and gradually changed in a first direction, i.e. gradually increased or gradually decreased.
  • a first direction i.e. gradually increased or gradually decreased.
  • Solar cell (s) or the electricity generated by the solar module measured time-resolved.
  • this time-resolved measurement comprises a measurement immediately before and a measurement immediately after the respective new voltage has been set.
  • an electrical voltage is again applied to the electrical connections of the solar cell (s) or the solar module and either gradually changed in a direction opposite to the first, i.e. decreased or increased, or to set a state of equilibrium in the solar cell (s) or the solar module kept constant at different voltage values, while again the current generated by the solar cell (s) or the solar module during the respective change in electrical voltage or with constant voltage im
  • the electrical capacitance of the solar cell (s) or the solar module is then derived from the two measurements based on an electrical model of the solar cell (s) or the solar module
  • Solar module is calculated as a function of the electrical voltage applied to the solar cell (s) or the solar module.
  • the step-by-step voltage change between the different voltages takes place as quickly as possible with each switching process, preferably in a period between 200 ms and 0.01 ms.
  • step-by-step change can also include only a single voltage change, that is, one step. From the voltage-dependent capacity, a degree or a relative change in electrical degradation of the solar cell (s) or the solar module is finally determined by comparison with reference values or with an earlier measurement and capacity determination on the same solar cell (s) or the same solar module.
  • the electrical material degradation is to be understood here as a material degradation that affects the electrical properties of the solar cell or the solar module, that is to say in particular one
  • optical material degradation only affects the optical properties of the solar cell or the solar module, that is to say the optical absorption, reflection or scattering, and therefore particularly affects the encapsulation
  • the proposed method can be applied to a
  • the method and the device are first of all representative based on the test of a
  • an electrical current or voltage supply with which a step-by-step increase and / or decrease of the electrical voltage on the solar module to be tested is made possible, as well as a measuring device with which a current supplied by the solar module during the voltage changes can be measured in a time-resolved manner.
  • the device also has a
  • Control and evaluation device that controls the gradual increase in the voltage and the measurement of the current from the measurements carried out
  • the voltage-dependent capacity of the solar module is calculated and a comparison is carried out with stored reference values or a stored previous measurement.
  • Solar module for detecting and possibly quantifying electrical material degradation.
  • the capacity of a solar module is largely determined by the semiconductor properties of the solar cells. In the In solar cells, the charge carrier life in semiconductors plays a dominant role in the size of the capacity. This capacity depends on the applied voltage, which sets it apart from other voltage
  • the method and the device do not require the solar modules to be removed from the string. Rather, the test can be carried out directly on the mounted solar modules Place to be made. In principle, it goes without saying that the solar modules can also be removed and one
  • the method and the device enable a quick differentiation of performance losses from
  • Inverter of a solar module can be integrated. Measurements during operation are possible without removing and / or transporting the modules to a test laboratory.
  • the method and the associated device can also be used for quality control in the production environment.
  • a reference solar cell is also used for the measurements, which is simultaneously with the one to be tested
  • a reference solar cell can also be integrated directly into the proposed device, for example.
  • the solar module to be measured is illuminated with an artificial light source during the measurements.
  • a reference solar cell can be dispensed with, provided that it is an artificial one
  • Light source ensures that the light
  • Such an artificial light source can also be part of the
  • the proposed device can be used as
  • Solar module system can be integrated, with several modules being tested at the same time, or integrated into an existing sun simulator.
  • the voltage-dependent capacity of the solar module is calculated from the time-resolved current measurements based on an electrical model of the solar module.
  • An exemplary model can be represented as an equivalent circuit diagram of the solar module, which has at least one power source for the generation current under incident light, the parallel or
  • this model or equivalent circuit diagram also contains further electrical components such as a voltage-dependent component or a diode.
  • the proposed method and the associated device can be used particularly advantageously for checking solar modules in field operation, in particular for identifying a reduction in performance due to a semiconductor material
  • the method and the device can also be used in inline quality control in the production of solar cells or solar modules.
  • Fig. 1 is a first example of a for
  • Fig. 2 shows a second example of a for
  • Fig. 5 shows an exemplary logarithmic
  • the proposed method and the associated device use the voltage-dependent electrical
  • the device used for this purpose has a
  • the device contains a data evaluation unit that the
  • time-dependent current-voltage characteristic values of the measurements are converted into the voltage-dependent capacitance values and compared with reference values - or with values from previous measurements.
  • This measurement or The capacity can be determined repeatedly at time intervals over the life of a solar module in the open field. In a simple embodiment, only relative changes in the voltage-dependent capacitances and thus in the electrical material degradation over the life of the solar module can be determined by these measurements.
  • Open-circuit voltages of the solar module should be oriented, for this:
  • the order of the first and the second measurement is irrelevant, since it can be taken into account in the data evaluation.
  • only one current measurement in the equilibrium state (steady-state measurement) can be used as a
  • Comparison can be carried out. This requires a slow change between the two voltages or a break after setting the voltage.
  • the solar module shows a reduction in performance compared to the original condition immediately after delivery and the measured or
  • a model such as that shown in the equivalent circuit diagram in FIG. 1 can be used as the electrical model for the solar module.
  • Fig. 2 shows another example of a
  • electrical models of a solar cell or a solar module can be used for the calculation.
  • Fig. 3 shows a simulated I-U characteristic curve of a solar module with rapid switching between two voltages within 11 ms.
  • the figure shows the current curve (I measured current; Io short-circuit current) as a function of the applied voltage (U
  • a time-dependent voltage ramp with a large number of voltage levels is applied to the solar cell or the solar module and the currents are measured in each case.
  • the voltage can either increase (starting with small voltages) or (with large
  • Typical voltage ranges for individual solar cells are between -0.5 V and +0.8 V.
  • Typical currents are up to 10 A.
  • the starting point is the measured currents in both directions as a function of the voltage as well as the time profile of the voltage ramp.
  • the voltage-dependent capacitance can be determined from the difference in the currents in relation to the difference in the time derivatives of the voltage.
  • FIG. 4 shows examples of the hysteresis effect of a solar cell with different degrees of degradation (no degradation - medium degradation - strong degradation). For this purpose, the cell was deliberately degraded, thus causing a reduction in cell performance. The difference in the measured values between the I-V characteristics in the forward direction (increasing

Landscapes

  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Testing Of Individual Semiconductor Devices (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de contrôle de la dégradation électrique du matériau de cellules solaires ou de modules solaires, avec lesquels des mesures de courant déclenchées dans le temps sont effectuées en présence d'une variation par palier de la tension électrique au niveau de la cellule solaire ou du module solaire. La capacité électrique dépendant de la tension de la cellule solaire ou du module solaire est calculée à partir des mesures sur la base d'un modèle électrique de la cellule solaire ou du module solaire. La comparaison de cette capacité dépendant de la tension avec des valeurs de référence ou une mesure précédente sur la même cellule solaire ou le même module solaire permet ensuite de déduire le degré ou une variation relative d'une dégradation électrique du matériau de la cellule solaire ou du module solaire. Le procédé et le dispositif permettent de déterminer une dégradation électrique du matériau indépendamment des éventuelles pertes causées par effet optique ou des pertes électriques dans d'autres composants tels que les connecteurs ou les lignes d'alimentation.
PCT/EP2020/065194 2019-06-04 2020-06-02 Procédé et dispositif de contrôle de la dégradation du matériau de cellules solaires et de modules solaires Ceased WO2020245106A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19178090.7 2019-06-04
EP19178090.7A EP3748843B1 (fr) 2019-06-04 2019-06-04 Procédé et dispositif pour tester la degradation des materiaux dans des cellules et des modules solaires

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020245106A1 true WO2020245106A1 (fr) 2020-12-10

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PCT/EP2020/065194 Ceased WO2020245106A1 (fr) 2019-06-04 2020-06-02 Procédé et dispositif de contrôle de la dégradation du matériau de cellules solaires et de modules solaires

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3748843B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2930067T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020245106A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120038385A1 (en) * 2010-08-13 2012-02-16 First Solar, Inc In-process measurement apparatus
WO2013170422A1 (fr) 2012-05-14 2013-11-21 Tuv Rheinland (Shanghai)Co., Ltd. Procédé d'évaluation d'un élément photovoltaïque, configuration d'un système de mesure et procédé d'utilisation d'une configuration d'un système de mesure

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120038385A1 (en) * 2010-08-13 2012-02-16 First Solar, Inc In-process measurement apparatus
WO2013170422A1 (fr) 2012-05-14 2013-11-21 Tuv Rheinland (Shanghai)Co., Ltd. Procédé d'évaluation d'un élément photovoltaïque, configuration d'un système de mesure et procédé d'utilisation d'une configuration d'un système de mesure
US20150127276A1 (en) * 2012-05-14 2015-05-07 Tuv Rheinland (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Photovoltaic element evaluation method, measurement system configuration and process for using a measurement system configuration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3748843A1 (fr) 2020-12-09
ES2930067T3 (es) 2022-12-05
EP3748843B1 (fr) 2022-10-05

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