WO2021070673A1 - 遮光部材 - Google Patents

遮光部材 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021070673A1
WO2021070673A1 PCT/JP2020/036863 JP2020036863W WO2021070673A1 WO 2021070673 A1 WO2021070673 A1 WO 2021070673A1 JP 2020036863 W JP2020036863 W JP 2020036863W WO 2021070673 A1 WO2021070673 A1 WO 2021070673A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polarizing plate
temperature
light
melting point
crystalline polymer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2020/036863
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
浩祐 丸谷
加藤　卓
隆史 惠
聡士 山口
幸志 山下
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nitta Corp
Original Assignee
Nitta Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nitta Corp filed Critical Nitta Corp
Priority to US17/765,701 priority Critical patent/US12332508B2/en
Priority to CN202080068271.4A priority patent/CN114450464B/zh
Priority to KR1020227010400A priority patent/KR20220074881A/ko
Priority to EP20875274.1A priority patent/EP4043931B1/en
Publication of WO2021070673A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021070673A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/0009—Materials therefor
    • G02F1/009—Thermal properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/003—Light absorbing elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
    • C08F20/10—Esters
    • C08F20/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
    • C08F20/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
    • C08F20/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/10—Esters
    • C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
    • C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/10—Esters
    • C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
    • C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
    • C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
    • C08F220/1804—C4-(meth)acrylate, e.g. butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate or tert-butyl (meth)acrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/10—Esters
    • C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
    • C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
    • C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
    • C08F220/1812—C12-(meth)acrylate, e.g. lauryl (meth)acrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/10—Esters
    • C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
    • C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
    • C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
    • C08F220/1818—C13or longer chain (meth)acrylate, e.g. stearyl (meth)acrylate
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/281—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for attenuating light intensity, e.g. comprising rotatable polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
    • G02F1/0305—Constructional arrangements
    • G02F1/0311—Structural association of optical elements, e.g. lenses, polarizers, phase plates, with the crystal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2500/00—Characteristics or properties of obtained polyolefins; Use thereof
    • C08F2500/34—Melting point [Tm]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0147—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on thermo-optic effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/132—Thermal activation of liquid crystals exhibiting a thermo-optic effect

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light-shielding member.
  • a light-shielding member that electrically controls the transmission and non-transmission of light is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a light-shielding member capable of controlling light transmission and non-transmission by temperature.
  • the light-shielding member of the present invention includes a first polarizing plate, a second polarizing plate facing the first polarizing plate, and a temperature-sensitive sheet sandwiched between the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate.
  • the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate are located so that their transmission axes are different from each other, and the temperature-sensitive sheet crystallizes at a temperature lower than the melting point and flows at a temperature higher than the melting point. Contains a side-chain crystalline polymer that exhibits properties.
  • FIG. 1 It is a side view which shows the light-shielding member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an exploded perspective view of the light-shielding member shown in FIG.
  • the light-shielding member 1 of the present embodiment includes a first polarizing plate 2, a second polarizing plate 3 facing the first polarizing plate 2, a first polarizing plate 2 and a second polarized light.
  • a temperature-sensitive sheet 4 sandwiched between the plates 3 is provided.
  • the light-shielding member 1 of the present embodiment is a laminated body in which the first polarizing plate 2 is laminated on one side of the temperature-sensitive sheet 4, and the second polarizing plate 3 is laminated on the other surface of the temperature-sensitive sheet 4.
  • the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3 are located so that their transmission axes are different from each other. Further, the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 contains a side chain crystalline polymer that crystallizes at a temperature below the melting point and exhibits fluidity at a temperature above the melting point.
  • the side chain crystalline polymer described above is a polymer having a melting point.
  • Melting point is the temperature at which a specific portion of a polymer initially matched to an ordered sequence becomes disordered by a certain equilibrium process and is 10 ° C./min using a differential thermal calorimetry (DSC). It is a value obtained by measuring under the measurement conditions of.
  • the side chain crystalline polymer crystallizes at a temperature below the melting point described above, and undergoes a phase transition at a temperature above the melting point to exhibit fluidity.
  • the side chain crystalline polymer has a temperature sensitivity that reversibly causes a crystalline state and a flowing state (amorphous state) in response to a temperature change. Since the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 contains such a side-chain crystalline polymer, it has a temperature-sensitive property derived from the side-chain crystalline polymer.
  • the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3 are located so that their transmission axes are different from each other. Therefore, if the light is advanced in the order of the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3 without the temperature-sensitive sheet 4, the light transmitted through the first polarizing plate 2 does not pass through the second polarizing plate 3. .. This point is the same when the light is advanced in the order of the second polarizing plate 3 and the first polarizing plate 2.
  • the side chain crystalline polymer when the side chain crystalline polymer is crystallized, light is scattered inside the temperature sensitive sheet 4. Therefore, when the temperature of the light-shielding member 1 is lower than the melting point, the light transmitted through the first polarizing plate 2 is scattered when it is transmitted through the temperature-sensitive sheet 4, and as a result, it is transmitted through the second polarizing plate 3. Further, when the side chain crystalline polymer is in a fluid state, light is not scattered inside the temperature sensitive sheet 4. Therefore, when the temperature of the light-shielding member 1 is set to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point, the light transmitted through the first polarizing plate 2 is not scattered even if it is transmitted through the temperature-sensitive sheet 4, and therefore is not transmitted through the second polarizing plate 3.
  • the light-shielding member 1 utilizes the change in the optical characteristics of the side-chain crystalline polymer in addition to the temperature sensitivity of the side-chain crystalline polymer, the light-shielding function (change in brightness) can be controlled by the temperature. That is, when the light is propagated from one of the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3 toward the other, the light-shielding member 1 transmits light at a temperature lower than the melting point and emits light at a temperature higher than the melting point. Not transparent. For example, the light-shielding member 1 is transparent at a temperature below the melting point and black at a temperature above the melting point.
  • the light-shielding member 1 can repeat light transmission and non-transmission due to the side chain crystalline polymer reversibly causing a crystalline state and a flowing state in response to a temperature change.
  • the light transmission and non-transmission (light-shielding function) of the light-shielding member 1 may be visually confirmed.
  • the thickness of the first polarizing plate 2 is, for example, 200 to 1000 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the second polarizing plate 3 is, for example, 200 to 1000 ⁇ m.
  • the thicknesses of the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3 may be the same or different. Commercially available products can be used for the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3.
  • the transmission axes of the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3 allow light to travel from one of the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3 toward the other in the absence of the temperature-sensitive sheet 4. It suffices if the light that has passed through one of them differs from each other at an angle that does not pass through the other. Examples of such an angle include 80 to 100 °.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a state in which the transmission axes of the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3 differ from each other by 90 °. That is, the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3 shown in FIG. 2 are located so that their transmission axes differ from each other by 90 °.
  • the melting point of the side chain crystalline polymer is preferably higher than 23 ° C, more preferably higher than 23 ° C and 70 ° C or lower, still more preferably 35 to 70 ° C.
  • the melting point is higher than 23 ° C.
  • the melting point can be adjusted, for example, by changing the composition of the monomer components constituting the side chain crystalline polymer.
  • the side chain crystalline polymer contains (meth) acrylate having a linear alkyl group having 16 or more carbon atoms as a monomer component.
  • a (meth) acrylate having a linear alkyl group having 16 or more carbon atoms the linear alkyl group having 16 or more carbon atoms functions as a side chain crystalline site in the side chain crystalline polymer. That is, the side chain crystalline polymer is a comb-shaped polymer having a linear alkyl group having 16 or more carbon atoms in the side chain, and the side chain is crystallized by being matched to an ordered arrangement by intermolecular force or the like. To do.
  • the above-mentioned (meth) acrylate refers to acrylate or methacrylate.
  • Examples of the (meth) acrylate having a linear alkyl group having 16 or more carbon atoms include cetyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, eicosyl (meth) acrylate, and behenyl (meth) acrylate, which have 16 to 16 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include (meth) acrylates having 22 linear alkyl groups. As the exemplified (meth) acrylate, only one kind may be used, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
  • the (meth) acrylate having a linear alkyl group having 16 or more carbon atoms is preferably contained in the monomer component constituting the side chain crystalline polymer in a proportion of 10 to 99% by weight, more preferably 15 to 99% by weight. Is done.
  • the monomer component constituting the side chain crystalline polymer may contain another monomer copolymerizable with (meth) acrylate having a linear alkyl group having 16 or more carbon atoms.
  • examples of other monomers include (meth) acrylates having an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, polar monomers and the like.
  • Examples of the (meth) acrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, and hexyl (meth) acrylate.
  • the (meth) acrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferably contained in the monomer component constituting the side chain crystalline polymer in a proportion of 80% by weight or less, more preferably 0 to 80% by weight.
  • the polar monomer examples include ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a carboxyl group such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid; 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and 2-hydroxy. Examples thereof include ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a hydroxyl group such as propyl (meth) acrylate and 2-hydroxyhexyl (meth) acrylate. As the exemplified polar monomer, only one kind may be used, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
  • the polar monomer is preferably contained in the monomer component constituting the side chain crystalline polymer in a proportion of 10% by weight or less, more preferably 1 to 10% by weight.
  • the preferred composition of the side chain crystalline polymer is 15 to 90% by weight of the (meth) acrylate having a linear alkyl group having 16 or more carbon atoms and 5 the (meth) acrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. ⁇ 75% by weight, and 5-10% by weight of polar monomer.
  • Other preferable compositions of the side chain crystalline polymer are 90 to 99% by weight of the (meth) acrylate having a linear alkyl group having 16 or more carbon atoms and 1 to 10% by weight of the polar monomer.
  • Examples of the polymerization method of the monomer component include a solution polymerization method, a massive polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, and an emulsion polymerization method.
  • a solution polymerization method adopted, the monomer component and the solvent are mixed, a polymerization initiator, a chain transfer agent, etc. are added as necessary, and the reaction is carried out at about 40 to 90 ° C. for about 2 to 10 hours with stirring. Just let me do it.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the side chain crystalline polymer is preferably 100,000 or more, more preferably 200,000 to 900,000, and further preferably 250,000 to 700,000.
  • the weight average molecular weight is a value measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and obtained by converting the obtained measured value into polystyrene.
  • the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 may contain the side-chain crystalline polymer at a ratio that exhibits the temperature-sensitive property derived from the side-chain crystalline polymer.
  • the temperature sensitive sheet 4 may contain a side chain crystalline polymer as a main component.
  • the main component is the component contained most in the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 in terms of weight ratio.
  • the content of the side chain crystalline polymer may be 80% by weight or more. Further, the upper limit of the content of the side chain crystalline polymer may be 100% by weight or less.
  • the temperature sensitive sheet 4 may contain an additive or the like in addition to the side chain crystalline polymer.
  • the additive include a cross-linking agent and the like.
  • the cross-linking agent include a metal chelate compound, an aziridine compound, an isocyanate compound, an epoxy compound and the like.
  • the content of the cross-linking agent is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the side chain crystalline polymer.
  • the heating temperature is about 90 to 120 ° C.
  • the heating time is about 1 minute to 20 minutes.
  • the thickness of the temperature sensitive sheet 4 is, for example, 40 to 1500 ⁇ m.
  • the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 is not limited to the sheet shape, and is a concept including a film shape or a plate shape as long as the effect of the present embodiment is not impaired.
  • the temperature sensitive sheet 4 may come into direct contact with the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3. In this case, since the light transmitted through the first polarizing plate 2 or the second polarizing plate 3 is incident on the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 without loss, the light-shielding member 1 exhibits an excellent light-shielding function.
  • the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 can fix the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3 without using an adhesive layer or the like, it may come into direct contact with the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3. It is possible. Specifically, when the temperature of the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 is set to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point, the side chain crystalline polymer exhibits fluidity. Therefore, the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 is attached to the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3. Can be pasted. Further, when the side chain crystalline polymer exhibits fluidity, the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 follows the fine uneven shape existing on the surfaces of the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate 3.
  • the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 in this state is cooled to a temperature lower than the melting point, a so-called anchor effect is exhibited by crystallizing the side chain crystalline polymer, and as a result, the first polarizing plate 2 and the second polarizing plate are exhibited. 3 can be fixed with the temperature sensitive sheet 4. If necessary, another member may be interposed between the temperature-sensitive sheet 4 and the first polarizing plate 2. Similarly, another member may be interposed between the temperature sensitive sheet 4 and the second polarizing plate 3.
  • the form of the light-shielding member 1 is not particularly limited.
  • the light-shielding member 1 may be in the form of a film, a sheet, a plate, or the like.
  • the light-shielding member 1 can be suitably used in a place where a light-shielding function is required and a temperature change is likely to occur.
  • the light-shielding member 1 may be, for example, for a window glass, a partition, an automobile glass, or the like. The use of the light-shielding member 1 is not limited to the illustrated one.
  • a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate: heptane 70:30 (weight ratio) was added to the reaction vessel so that the solid content concentration became 30% by weight to obtain a mixed solution.
  • the obtained mixed solution was stirred at 55 ° C. for 4 hours to copolymerize each monomer to obtain a side chain crystalline polymer.
  • Table 1 shows the weight average molecular weight and melting point of the obtained side chain crystalline polymer.
  • the weight average molecular weight is a polystyrene-converted value of the measured value obtained by measuring with GPC.
  • the melting point is a value measured using a DSC under measurement conditions of 10 ° C./min.
  • Example 1 ⁇ Preparation of test piece> First, the cross-linking agent was mixed at a ratio of 1 part by weight with 100 parts by weight of the side chain crystalline polymer obtained in Synthesis Example 1 to obtain a mixture.
  • the cross-linking agents used are as follows.
  • Cross-linking agent Aluminum trisacetylacetone made by Kawaken Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., which is a metal chelate compound.
  • the obtained mixture was adjusted with ethyl acetate so that the solid content concentration was 23% by weight, and a coating liquid was obtained. Then, the obtained coating liquid is applied onto a release film placed on a hot plate heated to 70 ° C., and a cross-linking reaction is carried out under the condition of 110 ° C. ⁇ 3 minutes, and the temperature sensitivity is 160 ⁇ m in thickness. I got a sheet.
  • the release film a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m coated with silicone on the surface was used.
  • the obtained temperature-sensitive sheet was removed from the release film and sandwiched between the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate to obtain a laminated body.
  • the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate were arranged so that their transmission axes differed from each other by 90 °.
  • Polarizing plate A polarizing plate manufactured by Artec with a thickness of 250 ⁇ m.
  • the obtained laminate was heated to a temperature (70 ° C.) higher than the melting point with a dryer, and a temperature-sensitive sheet was attached to the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate. Then, the laminated body was cooled to room temperature (23 ° C.), and the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate were fixed with a temperature-sensitive sheet to obtain a test piece.
  • Example 1 The light-shielding function of the test piece obtained in Example 1 was evaluated. Specifically, first, the test piece was visually observed at room temperature. As a result, the test piece was transparent. Next, the test piece was heated to a temperature (70 ° C.) higher than the melting point with a dryer and visually observed. As a result, the test piece turned black. Then, the test piece was cooled to room temperature again and visually observed. As a result, the test piece changed to transparent. As is clear from these results, it can be seen that Example 1 transmits light at a temperature below the melting point and does not transmit light at a temperature above the melting point. It can also be seen that Example 1 repeats light transmission and non-transmission.
  • Example 1 a coating liquid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer obtained in Comparative Synthesis Example 1 was used, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet having a thickness of 160 ⁇ m was obtained using the obtained coating liquid. Next, the obtained pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet was sandwiched between the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate, and the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate were fixed with the pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet to obtain a test piece. As the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate, the same ones as in Example 1 were used. Further, the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate were arranged so that their transmission axes differed from each other by 90 °. The test piece was prepared at room temperature.
  • the light-shielding function of the test piece obtained in Comparative Example 1 was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the test piece was black at both room temperature and 70 ° C.

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Abstract

本発明の遮光部材は、第１偏光板と、前記第１偏光板に対向する第２偏光板と、前記第１偏光板および前記第２偏光板の間に挟まれた感温性シートと、を備え、前記第１偏光板および前記第２偏光板は、それぞれの透過軸が互いに異なるように位置し、前記感温性シートは、融点未満の温度で結晶化し、且つ、前記融点以上の温度で流動性を示す側鎖結晶性ポリマーを含有する。遮光部材は、前記第１偏光板および前記第２偏光板のうち一方から他方に向かって光を進行させたとき、前記融点未満の温度で光を透過し、前記融点以上の温度で光を透過しなくてもよい。

Description

遮光部材
　本発明は、遮光部材に関する。
　光の透過および非透過を電気で制御する遮光部材が知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特開昭５８－１０７１７号公報
　本発明の課題は、光の透過および非透過を温度で制御できる遮光部材を提供することである。
　本発明の遮光部材は、第１偏光板と、前記第１偏光板に対向する第２偏光板と、前記第１偏光板および前記第２偏光板の間に挟まれた感温性シートと、を備え、前記第１偏光板および前記第２偏光板は、それぞれの透過軸が互いに異なるように位置し、前記感温性シートは、融点未満の温度で結晶化し、且つ、前記融点以上の温度で流動性を示す側鎖結晶性ポリマーを含有する。
　本発明によれば、光の透過および非透過を温度で制御できるという効果がある。
本発明の一実施形態に係る遮光部材を示す側面図である。 図１に示す遮光部材の分解斜視図である。
　以下、本発明の一実施形態に係る遮光部材について、図１および図２を参照して詳細に説明する。
　図１および図２に示すように、本実施形態の遮光部材１は、第１偏光板２と、第１偏光板２に対向する第２偏光板３と、第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３の間に挟まれた感温性シート４と、を備える。本実施形態の遮光部材１は、感温性シート４の片面に第１偏光板２が積層され、感温性シート４の他面に第２偏光板３が積層された積層体である。
　第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３は、それぞれの透過軸が互いに異なるように位置する。また、感温性シート４は、融点未満の温度で結晶化し、且つ、融点以上の温度で流動性を示す側鎖結晶性ポリマーを含有する。
　上述した構成によれば、光の透過および非透過を温度で制御できるという効果が得られる。具体的に説明すると、上述した側鎖結晶性ポリマーは、融点を有するポリマーである。融点とは、ある平衡プロセスにより、最初は秩序ある配列に整合されていた重合体の特定部分が無秩序状態になる温度であり、示差熱走査熱量計（ＤＳＣ）を使用して、１０℃／分の測定条件で測定して得られる値のことである。側鎖結晶性ポリマーは、上述した融点未満の温度で結晶化し、且つ、融点以上の温度で相転移して流動性を示す。すなわち、側鎖結晶性ポリマーは、温度変化に対応して結晶状態と流動状態（非結晶状態）とを可逆的に起こす感温性を有する。感温性シート４は、このような側鎖結晶性ポリマーを含有することから、側鎖結晶性ポリマーに由来する感温性を有する。
　上述のとおり、第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３は、それぞれの透過軸が互いに異なるように位置する。そのため、感温性シート４がない状態で、第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３の順に光を進行させると、第１偏光板２を透過した光は、第２偏光板３を透過しない。この点は、第２偏光板３および第１偏光板２の順に光を進行させる場合も同様である。
　ここで、側鎖結晶性ポリマーを結晶状態にすると、感温性シート４の内部で光が散乱される。そのため、遮光部材１を融点未満の温度にすると、第１偏光板２を透過した光は、感温性シート４を透過するときに散乱され、その結果、第２偏光板３を透過する。また、側鎖結晶性ポリマーが流動状態のときは、感温性シート４の内部で光が散乱されない。そのため、遮光部材１を融点以上の温度にすると、第１偏光板２を透過した光は、感温性シート４を透過しても散乱されず、それゆえ、第２偏光板３を透過しない。
　このように、遮光部材１は、側鎖結晶性ポリマーの感温性に加えて側鎖結晶性ポリマーの光学特性の変化も利用することから、温度によって遮光機能（明暗変化）を制御できる。すなわち、遮光部材１は、第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３のうち一方から他方に向かって光を進行させたとき、融点未満の温度で光を透過し、融点以上の温度で光を透過しない。例えば、遮光部材１は、融点未満の温度では透明であり、融点以上の温度では黒色である。また、遮光部材１は、側鎖結晶性ポリマーが温度変化に対応して結晶状態と流動状態とを可逆的に起こすことに起因し、光の透過および非透過を繰り返すことができる。なお、遮光部材１における光の透過および非透過（遮光機能）は、目視で確認できる程度でよい。
　第１偏光板２の厚さとしては、例えば、２００～１０００μｍである。第２偏光板３の厚さとしては、例えば、２００～１０００μｍである。第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３のそれぞれの厚さは、同じでもよく、また、異なってもよい。なお、第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３は、市販品を使用することができる。
　第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３のそれぞれの透過軸は、感温性シート４がない状態で第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３のうち一方から他方に向かって光を進行させたときに一方を透過した光が他方を透過しないような角度で互いに異なればよい。このような角度としては、例えば、８０～１００°が挙げられる。なお、図２では、第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３のそれぞれの透過軸が互いに９０°異なる状態を図示している。すなわち、図２に示す第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３は、それぞれの透過軸が互いに９０°異なるように位置する。
　側鎖結晶性ポリマーの融点は、好ましくは２３℃よりも高く、より好ましくは２３℃よりも高く７０℃以下、さらに好ましくは３５～７０℃である。融点が２３℃よりも高い場合には、遮光部材１が室温で光を透過する。融点は、例えば、側鎖結晶性ポリマーを構成するモノマー成分の組成などを変えることによって調整できる。
　側鎖結晶性ポリマーは、炭素数１６以上の直鎖状アルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートをモノマー成分として含む。炭素数１６以上の直鎖状アルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートは、その炭素数１６以上の直鎖状アルキル基が側鎖結晶性ポリマーにおける側鎖結晶性部位として機能する。すなわち、側鎖結晶性ポリマーは、側鎖に炭素数１６以上の直鎖状アルキル基を有する櫛形のポリマーであり、この側鎖が分子間力などによって秩序ある配列に整合されることにより結晶化する。なお、上述した（メタ）アクリレートとは、アクリレートまたはメタクリレートのことである。
　炭素数１６以上の直鎖状アルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートとしては、例えば、セチル（メタ）アクリレート、ステアリル（メタ）アクリレート、エイコシル（メタ）アクリレート、ベヘニル（メタ）アクリレートなどの炭素数１６～２２の線状アルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートが挙げられる。例示した（メタ）アクリレートは、１種のみを使用してもよいし、２種以上を併用してもよい。炭素数１６以上の直鎖状アルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートは、側鎖結晶性ポリマーを構成するモノマー成分中に好ましくは１０～９９重量％、より好ましくは１５～９９重量％の割合で含まれる。
　側鎖結晶性ポリマーを構成するモノマー成分には、炭素数１６以上の直鎖状アルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートと共重合し得る他のモノマーが含まれていてもよい。他のモノマーとしては、例えば、炭素数１～６のアルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレート、極性モノマーなどが挙げられる。
　炭素数１～６のアルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートとしては、例えば、メチル（メタ）アクリレート、エチル（メタ）アクリレート、ブチル（メタ）アクリレート、ヘキシル（メタ）アクリレートなどが挙げられる。例示した（メタ）アクリレートは、１種のみを使用してもよいし、２種以上を併用してもよい。炭素数１～６のアルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートは、側鎖結晶性ポリマーを構成するモノマー成分中に好ましくは８０重量％以下、より好ましくは０～８０重量％の割合で含まれる。
　極性モノマーとしては、例えば、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸などのカルボキシル基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体；２－ヒドロキシエチル（メタ）アクリレート、２－ヒドロキシプロピル（メタ）アクリレート、２－ヒドロキシヘキシル（メタ）アクリレートなどのヒドロキシル基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体などが挙げられる。例示した極性モノマーは、１種のみを使用してもよいし、２種以上を併用してもよい。極性モノマーは、側鎖結晶性ポリマーを構成するモノマー成分中に好ましくは１０重量％以下、より好ましくは１～１０重量％の割合で含まれる。
　側鎖結晶性ポリマーの好ましい組成としては、炭素数１６以上の直鎖状アルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートが１５～９０重量％、炭素数１～６のアルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートが５～７５重量％、および極性モノマーが５～１０重量％である。側鎖結晶性ポリマーの好ましい他の組成としては、炭素数１６以上の直鎖状アルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートが９０～９９重量％、および極性モノマーが１～１０重量％である。
　モノマー成分の重合方法としては、例えば、溶液重合法、塊状重合法、懸濁重合法、乳化重合法などが挙げられる。溶液重合法を採用する場合には、モノマー成分と溶媒とを混合し、必要に応じて重合開始剤、連鎖移動剤などを添加し、撹拌しながら４０～９０℃程度で２～１０時間程度反応させればよい。
　側鎖結晶性ポリマーの重量平均分子量は、好ましくは１０００００以上、より好ましくは２０００００～９０００００、さらに好ましくは２５００００～７０００００である。重量平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー（ＧＰＣ）で測定し、得られた測定値をポリスチレン換算した値である。
　感温性シート４は、側鎖結晶性ポリマーに由来する感温性を示すようになる割合で、側鎖結晶性ポリマーを含有すればよい。例えば、感温性シート４は、側鎖結晶性ポリマーを主成分として含有してもよい。主成分とは、感温性シート４中に重量比で最も多く含まれる成分のことである。側鎖結晶性ポリマーの含有量は、８０重量％以上であってもよい。また、側鎖結晶性ポリマーの含有量の上限値は、１００重量％以下であってもよい。
　感温性シート４は、側鎖結晶性ポリマーに加えて、添加剤などを含有してもよい。添加剤としては、例えば、架橋剤などが挙げられる。架橋剤としては、例えば、金属キレート化合物、アジリジン化合物、イソシアネート化合物、エポキシ化合物などが挙げられる。架橋剤の含有量は、側鎖結晶性ポリマー１００重量部に対して、好ましくは０．１～１０重量部である。架橋条件としては、加熱温度が９０～１２０℃程度であり、加熱時間が１分～２０分程度である。
　感温性シート４の厚さとしては、例えば、４０～１５００μｍである。なお、感温性シート４は、シート状に限定されるものではなく、本実施形態の効果を損なわない限りにおいて、フィルム状または板状などをも含む概念である。
　感温性シート４は、第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３に直接接触してもよい。この場合には、第１偏光板２または第２偏光板３を透過した光が損失なく感温性シート４に入射されるので、遮光部材１が優れた遮光機能を発揮する。
　なお、感温性シート４は、接着剤層などを介さずに第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３を固定できるため、第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３に直接接触することが可能である。具体的に説明すると、感温性シート４の温度を融点以上の温度にすると、側鎖結晶性ポリマーが流動性を示すので、第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３に感温性シート４を貼付できる。また、側鎖結晶性ポリマーが流動性を示すと、第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３の表面に存在する微細な凹凸形状に感温性シート４が追従する。そして、この状態の感温性シート４を融点未満の温度に冷却すると、側鎖結晶性ポリマーが結晶化することによっていわゆるアンカー効果が発現し、その結果、第１偏光板２および第２偏光板３を感温性シート４で固定できる。なお、必要に応じて、感温性シート４と第１偏光板２との間に他の部材を介在させてもよい。同様に、感温性シート４と第２偏光板３との間に他の部材を介在させてもよい。
　遮光部材１の形態は、特に限定されない。遮光部材１は、例えば、フィルム状、シート状、板状などであってもよい。
　遮光部材１は、遮光機能が必要であって温度変化が生じ易い場所に好適に使用できる。遮光部材１は、例えば、窓ガラス用、パーティション用、自動車ガラス用などであってもよい。なお、遮光部材１の用途は、例示したものに限定されない。
　以下、合成例および実施例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明は以下の合成例および実施例のみに限定されない。
（合成例１～８：側鎖結晶性ポリマー）
　まず、表１に示すモノマーを表１に示す割合で反応容器に加えた。表１に示すモノマーは、以下のとおりである。
　Ｃ２２Ａ：ベヘニルアクリレート
　Ｃ１Ａ：メチルアクリレート
　Ｃ４Ａ：ブチルアクリレート
　ＡＡ：アクリル酸
　次に、固形分濃度が３０重量％になるように酢酸エチル：ヘプタン＝７０：３０（重量比）の混合溶媒を反応容器に加え、混合液を得た。得られた混合液を５５℃で４時間撹拌することによって各モノマーを共重合させ、側鎖結晶性ポリマーを得た。
　得られた側鎖結晶性ポリマーの重量平均分子量および融点を表１に示す。重量平均分子量は、ＧＰＣで測定して得られた測定値をポリスチレン換算した値である。融点は、ＤＳＣを用いて１０℃／分の測定条件で測定した値である。
（比較合成例１）
　表１に示すモノマーを表１に示す割合で反応容器に加えた以外は、合成例１～８と同様にして各モノマーを共重合させてポリマーを得た。得られたポリマーの重量平均分子量を、合成例１～８と同様にして測定した。その結果を表１に示す。なお、比較合成例１のポリマーは、粘着性を有し、且つ、融点を有さないポリマーである。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
［実施例１］
　＜試験片の作製＞
　まず、合成例１で得られた側鎖結晶性ポリマー１００重量部に対して架橋剤を１重量部の割合で混合し、混合物を得た。使用した架橋剤は、以下のとおりである。
　架橋剤：金属キレート化合物である川研ファインケミカル社製のアルミニウムトリスアセチルアセトナート
　次に、得られた混合物を酢酸エチルによって固形分濃度が２３重量％となるように調整し、塗布液を得た。そして、得られた塗布液を７０℃に加温されたホットプレート上に置かれた離型フィルム上に塗布し、１１０℃×３分の条件で架橋反応を行い、厚さ１６０μｍの感温性シートを得た。なお、離型フィルムは、表面にシリコーンが塗布された厚さ５０μｍのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムを用いた。
　次に、得られた感温性シートを離型フィルムから取り外して第１偏光板および第２偏光板の間に挟んで積層体を得た。このとき、第１偏光板および第２偏光板は、それぞれの透過軸が互いに９０°異なるように配置した。
　また、第１偏光板および第２偏光板は、同じ偏光板を使用した。使用した偏光板は、以下のとおりである。
　偏光板：厚さが２５０μｍであるアーテック社製の偏光板
　次に、得られた積層体をドライヤーで融点以上の温度（７０℃）に加温し、第１偏光板および第２偏光板に感温性シートを貼付した。そして、積層体を室温（２３℃）にまで冷却して第１偏光板および第２偏光板を感温性シートで固定し、試験片を得た。
　＜評価＞
　実施例１で得られた試験片について、遮光機能を評価した。具体的には、まず、試験片を室温で目視観察した。その結果、試験片は透明であった。次に、試験片をドライヤーで融点以上の温度（７０℃）に加温して目視観察した。その結果、試験片は黒色に変化した。そして、試験片を再び室温にまで冷却して目視観察した。その結果、試験片は透明に変化した。これらの結果から明らかなように、実施例１は、融点未満の温度で光を透過し、融点以上の温度で光を透過しないことがわかる。また、実施例１は、光の透過および非透過を繰り返すこともわかる。
［比較例１］
　まず、比較合成例１で得られたポリマーを用いた以外は、実施例１と同様にして塗布液を得、得られた塗布液を用いて厚さ１６０μｍの粘着シートを得た。次に、得られた粘着シートを第１偏光板および第２偏光板の間に挟んで、第１偏光板および第２偏光板を粘着シートで固定し、試験片を得た。なお、第１偏光板および第２偏光板は、実施例１と同じものを使用した。また、第１偏光板および第２偏光板は、それぞれの透過軸が互いに９０°異なるように配置した。試験片の作製は、室温で行った。
　比較例１で得られた試験片について、実施例１と同様にして遮光機能を評価した。その結果、試験片は、室温および７０℃のいずれにおいても黒色であった。
　１・・・遮光部材
　２・・・第１偏光板
　３・・・第２偏光板
　４・・・感温性シート

Claims (5)

  1. 　第１偏光板と、
    　前記第１偏光板に対向する第２偏光板と、
    　前記第１偏光板および前記第２偏光板の間に挟まれた感温性シートと、を備え、
    　前記第１偏光板および前記第２偏光板は、それぞれの透過軸が互いに異なるように位置し、
    　前記感温性シートは、融点未満の温度で結晶化し、且つ、前記融点以上の温度で流動性を示す側鎖結晶性ポリマーを含有する、遮光部材。
  2. 　前記第１偏光板および前記第２偏光板のうち一方から他方に向かって光を進行させたとき、前記融点未満の温度で光を透過し、前記融点以上の温度で光を透過しない、請求項１に記載の遮光部材。
  3. 　前記融点が、２３℃よりも高い、請求項１または２に記載の遮光部材。
  4. 　前記側鎖結晶性ポリマーが、炭素数１６以上の直鎖状アルキル基を有する（メタ）アクリレートをモノマー成分として含む、請求項１～３のいずれかに記載の遮光部材。
  5. 　前記感温性シートが、前記第１偏光板および前記第２偏光板に直接接触する、請求項１～４のいずれかに記載の遮光部材。
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