WO2021075131A1 - 成形体の硬度の制御方法、及び成形体 - Google Patents
成形体の硬度の制御方法、及び成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021075131A1 WO2021075131A1 PCT/JP2020/030496 JP2020030496W WO2021075131A1 WO 2021075131 A1 WO2021075131 A1 WO 2021075131A1 JP 2020030496 W JP2020030496 W JP 2020030496W WO 2021075131 A1 WO2021075131 A1 WO 2021075131A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F297/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer
- C08F297/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the coordination type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/52—Heating or cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F212/06—Hydrocarbons
- C08F212/08—Styrene
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for controlling the hardness of a molded product and a molded product.
- Patent Document 1 a copolymer obtained by using at least a conjugated diene compound and a non-conjugated olefin compound as monomers and polymerizing them in the presence of a predetermined catalyst is known.
- a filler, a vulcanizing agent such as sulfur, a vulcanization accelerator, and the like are appropriately blended together with the rubber-based material as necessary.
- a method of applying heat to the rubber composition under predetermined conditions is common. Therefore, the molded product obtained by such a method has substantially uniform physical characteristics such as hardness.
- the hardness differs for each part.
- a method is conceivable in which a plurality of members having different hardnesses are produced by changing the composition of the rubber composition, and these members are adhered and integrated by any means to produce a molded product.
- a seam joint portion
- cracks or the like may occur during long-term use, and it is not preferable from the viewpoint of appearance. ..
- the gist structure of the present invention that solves the above problems is as follows.
- the first method for controlling the hardness of a molded product of the present invention is a method for controlling the hardness of a molded product which is composed of a copolymer having a crystalline portion and an elastomer portion and has no seams at an arbitrary position. , Using two or more copolymers having different ratios of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion, two or more types of molding members having different ratios of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion were prepared, and the molding members were used.
- a step of forming a molded product having a different ratio of a crystalline portion and an elastomer portion at an arbitrary location A step of heating a molded body formed by using the molded member to melt a crystalline portion in the molded body, and The step of cooling and solidifying the molded product after heating, and It is characterized by including.
- the hardness of the molded product having no seams can be controlled at an arbitrary position.
- the second method of controlling the hardness of the molded product of the present invention is a method of controlling the hardness of the molded product having no seams, which is composed of a copolymer having a crystalline portion and an elastomer portion, at an arbitrary position. , Two or more types of copolymers having different distributions of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion in the polymer chain are used, and two or more types of molding members having different distributions of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion are prepared.
- the third method of controlling the hardness of the molded product of the present invention is a method of controlling the hardness of the molded product having no seams, which is composed of a copolymer having a crystalline portion and an elastomer portion, at an arbitrary position.
- Two or more types of copolymers having different crystallinities are used to prepare two or more types of molded members having different crystallinities, and the molded members having different crystallinities are used at arbitrary locations.
- the process of forming and A step of heating a molded body formed by using the molded member to melt a crystalline portion in the molded body, and The step of cooling and solidifying the molded product after heating, and It is characterized by including.
- the third method of controlling the hardness of the molded product of the present invention the hardness of the molded product having no seams can be controlled at an arbitrary position.
- the crystalline portions of the two or more types of copolymers contain the same monomer unit. In this case, the effect of melting and integrating the crystalline portions of each copolymer can be obtained more reliably.
- the elastomer portions of the two or more copolymers contain the same monomer unit. In this case, the durability of the molded product is improved.
- the crystalline portion of the copolymer contains a non-conjugated olefin unit.
- the copolymer can be easily used to increase the hardness of an arbitrary portion of the molded product.
- the elastomer portion of the copolymer contains a conjugated diene unit.
- the copolymer can be easily used for reducing the hardness of an arbitrary portion of the molded product.
- At least one of the copolymers contains an aromatic vinyl unit. In this case, the fracture resistance of the molded product is improved.
- the copolymer is a copolymer composed of a non-conjugated olefin unit and a conjugated diene unit, and the butylene unit is preferably 0 mol%.
- the copolymer is a copolymer composed of a non-conjugated olefin unit, a conjugated diene unit, and an aromatic vinyl unit, and the butylene unit is 0 mol%. It is also preferable.
- the molded product of the present invention is a molded product having no seams, and is characterized in that the hardness at an arbitrary position is controlled by using the above-mentioned method for controlling the hardness of the molded product.
- the molded product of the present invention has no seams and its hardness is controlled at an arbitrary position.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a method for controlling the hardness of a seamless molded product at an arbitrary position. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a seamless molded article having a controlled hardness at an arbitrary position by using such a method.
- control method for the present embodiment is composed of a copolymer having a crystalline portion and an elastomer portion, and has no seams.
- a step of forming (forming step), a step of heating a molded body formed by using the molding member to melt a crystalline portion in the molded body (heating step), and cooling the molded body after heating. Includes a solidification step (cooling step).
- two or more kinds of copolymers having different ratios of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion are used, and the ratios of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion are different from each other.
- Two or more types of molded members are prepared, and the molded members are used to form molded bodies having different ratios of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion at arbitrary positions.
- the type of the copolymer constituting the arbitrary portion is different, so that the ratio of the crystalline portion to the elastomer portion is different at the arbitrary portion of the molded product.
- the hardness at any portion of the molded product can be changed by changing the ratio of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion at any portion of the molded product. be able to. Then, by heating the molded body formed by using the molded member and melting the crystalline portion in the molded body, the seams between the molded members disappear, and then the molding is obtained by cooling and solidifying. The body is seamless and the hardness is controlled at any point. Therefore, according to the method for controlling the hardness of the molded product of the first embodiment, the hardness of the molded product having no seams can be controlled at an arbitrary position.
- two or more types of copolymers having different distributions in the polymer chains of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion are used, and the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion are separated from each other.
- Two or more types of molded members having different distributions are prepared, and the molded members are used to form molded bodies having different distributions of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion at arbitrary positions.
- the type of the copolymer constituting the arbitrary portion is different, so that the distribution of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion is different at the arbitrary portion of the molded product.
- the portion where the chain length of the crystalline portion is long is relatively hard
- the portion where the chain length of the crystalline portion is short is relatively soft.
- two or more types of copolymers having different crystallinities are used, and two or more types of molding members having different crystallinities are prepared. Is used to form molded products having different crystallinities at arbitrary locations.
- the type of copolymer constituting an arbitrary portion is different, so that the crystallinity is different at an arbitrary portion of the molded product.
- the portion having a high crystallinity is hard and the portion having a low crystallinity is soft, the hardness at an arbitrary portion of the molded product can be changed by changing the crystallinity at an arbitrary portion of the molded product. Can be made to.
- the seams between the molded members disappear, and then the molding is obtained by cooling and solidifying.
- the body is seamless and the hardness is controlled at any point. Therefore, the hardness of the molded product having no seams can be controlled at an arbitrary position by the method of controlling the hardness of the molded product according to the third embodiment.
- control method of this embodiment is not particularly limited, but can be implemented using, for example, a 3D printer.
- the "crystalline part" in a copolymer is when the melting point is confirmed in the measurement of the copolymer by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) conforming to JIS K 7121-1987. Its existence can be acknowledged.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- the existence of the "elastomer portion" in the copolymer can be recognized when the copolymer exhibits rubber elasticity.
- the "seam" in the molded product is a molded product in which an atomic force microscope (AFM) image of a cross section of an arbitrary portion of the molded product is integrally molded using a single copolymer. If there is no difference from the AFM image of the cross section of, the absence can be recognized.
- AFM atomic force microscope
- the forming step has a crystalline portion and an elastomer portion, two or more kinds of copolymers different from each other are used, two or more kinds of different molding members are prepared, and molding is performed using the molding members. It is a process of forming a body. The details of the copolymer used will be described later.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the forming process in the control method of the present embodiment.
- a sheet-shaped molding member 1 made of the first copolymer and a sheet-shaped molding member 2 made of the second copolymer are prepared, and the above two are prepared.
- the sheet-shaped molding members 1 and 2 are cut.
- the cut surfaces of the sheet-shaped molding member 1 made of the cut first copolymer and the sheet-shaped molding member 2 made of the second copolymer are brought into contact with each other, and one sheet is brought into contact with each other.
- the sheet-shaped composite member 3 is used.
- the sheet-shaped composite member 3 is heated as needed and then wound into a rod shape (roll shape) as shown in the lower part of FIG.
- the rod-shaped composite member 4 can be subjected to a heating step.
- one end portion has substantially the hardness derived from the first copolymer, and as it approaches the other end portion.
- the hardness changes continuously (linearly), and the other end has substantially the hardness derived from the second copolymer.
- a rectangular and sheet-shaped molding member 1 made of the first copolymer and a rectangular sheet-shaped molding member 2 made of the second copolymer are used.
- the shape of the molding member prepared in the forming step is not particularly limited.
- two sheet-shaped molding members 1 and 2 are cut along a diagonal line of a rectangle, but in the present embodiment, the cutting portion is not particularly limited and may not be cut.
- the cut surfaces of the two sheet-shaped molding members 1 and 2 are the contact points, but in the present embodiment, the contact points are not particularly limited.
- a sheet-shaped molding member of two or more kinds of copolymers may be laminated and brought into contact with each other, or a sheet-shaped molding member of one copolymer may be placed on the sheet-shaped molding member of the other copolymer.
- a plurality of pieces may be arranged and brought into contact with each other.
- the composite member used in the heating step is shaped like a rod, but in the present embodiment, the molding shape of the composite member used in the heating step is not particularly limited.
- the molding members 1 and 2 mainly have a crystalline portion and an elastomer portion, and different copolymers are used.
- a molded member may be produced by appropriately blending a reinforcing filler such as carbon black or silica, an antioxidant, a cross-linking agent such as sulfur, or the like.
- the heating step is a step of heating the molded body (composite members 3 and 4) formed by using the molding member. This step melts the crystalline portion of the molded product.
- the heating temperature during the heating step is preferably a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the above two or more types of copolymers. As a result, the crystalline portion of each copolymer can be more sufficiently melted, and a seamless molded product can be obtained more reliably.
- the heating temperature is preferably a temperature equal to or higher than the highest melting point of the two or more types of copolymers. More specifically, the heating temperature is preferably 10 ° C. or higher, more preferably 20 ° C.
- the heating temperature is preferably 130 ° C. or higher, more preferably 140 ° C. or higher. On the other hand, regarding the heating temperature, there is no particular upper limit, but it is preferably 250 ° C. or lower.
- the heating step when the molded body (composite members 3 and 4) formed by using the molding member is heated, it is desirable to pressurize the molded body at the same time. Pressurization facilitates the production of a molded product having a desired shape.
- the pressure at the time of pressurization (that is, at the time of heating and pressurizing) can be 3 to 7 MPa, and the pressurizing time can be 3 minutes to 60 minutes.
- the cooling step is a step of cooling the molded product after heating.
- the melted crystalline portion is solidified, and a molded product having no seams (joints) can be obtained.
- the cooling can be performed up to room temperature by using, for example, a cooling means such as a cooling plate.
- the cooling time can be 3 to 60 minutes.
- the hardness of the molded product obtained by the control method of the present embodiment gradually increases or decreases along a line connecting any two points.
- the molded product obtained by the control method of the present embodiment has no portion where the hardness changes in a stepped manner.
- Such a molded product can be obtained, for example, by appropriately selecting the type of copolymer to be used.
- the molded product after the cooling step can be heated again, further molded into an arbitrary shape such as a sheet, and cooled to obtain a molded product.
- two or more kinds of copolymers having a crystalline portion and an elastomer portion and different from each other are used.
- the hardness at an arbitrary part of the molded product can be controlled.
- two or more kinds of copolymers having different ratios of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion are used.
- two or more kinds of copolymers having different distributions in the polymer chains of the crystalline portion and the elastomer portion are used.
- two or more kinds of copolymers having different crystallinities are used.
- the above-mentioned copolymer may be a copolymer in which at least a part (for example, a terminal) of a polymer chain is modified by a coupling reaction or the like.
- the copolymer preferably contains a conjugated diene unit (a monomer unit derived from a conjugated diene compound). Since the conjugated diene unit in the copolymer mainly contributes to the formation of the elastomer moiety, in other words, the elastomer moiety of the copolymer preferably contains the conjugated diene unit. In general, since the elastomer portion containing the conjugated diene unit is soft, it can be easily used for reducing the hardness of an arbitrary portion of the molded product.
- the conjugated diene unit having a trans structure (for example, the conjugated diene unit having a trans-1,4 bond) has crystallinity and may be a crystalline portion.
- the conjugated diene compound as the monomer of the copolymer preferably has 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of such conjugated diene compounds include 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene and the like.
- the conjugated diene compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the conjugated diene compound as the monomer of the copolymer preferably contains 1,3-butadiene and / or isoprene from the viewpoint of forming a good elastomer portion in the copolymer, and 1,3-butadiene. And / or isoprene alone, and more preferably 1,3-butadiene only.
- the conjugated diene unit in the copolymer preferably contains 1,3-butadiene units (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as "butadiene units") and / or isoprene units, and preferably contains butadiene units and /. Alternatively, it is more preferably composed of only isoprene units, and further preferably composed of only butadiene units.
- the copolymer preferably has a cis-1,4 bond amount of a conjugated diene unit of 50 to 100%.
- the cis-1,4 bond amount is 50% or more, the conjugated diene unit can behave softly as an elastomer portion.
- the amount of cis-1,4 bond is a ratio in the whole conjugated diene unit, not in the whole copolymer.
- the copolymer preferably has a trans-1,4 bond amount of a conjugated diene unit of 50 to 100%.
- the trans-1,4 bond amount is 50% or more, the conjugated diene unit can behave hard as a crystalline portion.
- the amount of the trans-1,4 bond is a ratio in the entire conjugated diene unit, not a ratio in the entire copolymer.
- first copolymer and second copolymer when two types of copolymers (first copolymer and second copolymer) are used and both the first copolymer and the second copolymer contain a conjugated diene unit.
- the difference between the ratio of conjugated diene units in the first copolymer (mol%) and the ratio of conjugated diene units in the second copolymer (mol%) can be 10 mol% or more.
- the hardness difference between any two points of the obtained molded product can be sufficiently increased.
- the above difference can be 20 mol% or more, and can be 25 mol% or more.
- the above difference is preferably 60 mol% or less, more preferably 55 mol% or less, and more preferably 50 mol% or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of the durability of the molded product due to an excessively large difference in hardness. Is more preferably 45 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 40 mol% or less.
- the elastomer portion of the two or more types of copolymers preferably contains the same monomer unit. This improves the durability of the molded product.
- the crystalline portions of the two or more types of copolymers contain the same monomer unit. As a result, the effect of melting and integrating the crystalline portions of each copolymer can be obtained more reliably.
- the crystalline portion of the copolymer preferably contains a non-conjugated olefin unit (a monomer unit derived from a non-conjugated olefin compound).
- the non-conjugated olefin units in the copolymer mainly contribute to the formation of crystalline moieties.
- the crystalline portion containing the non-conjugated olefin unit is hard, it can be easily used to increase the hardness of an arbitrary portion of the molded product.
- the non-conjugated olefin compound as the monomer of the copolymer preferably has 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- specific examples of such non-conjugated olefin compounds include ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene and 1-octene, vinyl pivalate and 1-phenylthioethane. , N-Vinylpyrrolidone and other heteroatomic substituted alkene compounds and the like.
- the non-conjugated olefin compound may be one kind alone or a combination of two or more kinds.
- the non-conjugated olefin compound as the monomer of the copolymer is preferably an acyclic non-conjugated olefin compound from the viewpoint of forming a good crystalline portion in the copolymer, and the acyclic olefin compound.
- the non-conjugated olefin compound of is more preferably an ⁇ -olefin, further preferably an ⁇ -olefin containing ethylene, and particularly preferably composed of ethylene alone.
- the non-conjugated olefin unit in the copolymer is preferably an acyclic non-conjugated olefin unit, and the acyclic non-conjugated olefin unit is preferably an ⁇ -olefin unit. It is more preferable that it is an ⁇ -olefin unit containing an ethylene unit, and particularly preferably it is composed of only an ethylene unit.
- first copolymer and second copolymer when two types of copolymers (first copolymer and second copolymer) are used and both the first copolymer and the second copolymer contain a non-conjugated olefin unit.
- the difference between the ratio of non-conjugated olefin units in the first copolymer (mol%) and the ratio of non-conjugated olefin units in the second copolymer (mol%) can be 10 mol% or more.
- the hardness difference between any two points of the obtained molded product can be sufficiently increased.
- the above difference can be 20 mol% or more, and can be 25 mol% or more.
- the above difference is preferably 65 mol% or less, more preferably 60 mol% or less, and more preferably 55 mol% or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of the durability of the molded product due to an excessively large difference in hardness. Is even more preferable, 50 mol% or less is further preferable, and 45 mol% or less is particularly preferable.
- the above-mentioned copolymer preferably has a polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 10,000 to 10,000,000, more preferably 100,000 to 9,000,000, and 150,000. It is more preferably ⁇ 8,000,000.
- Mw polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight
- the above-mentioned copolymer preferably has a polystyrene-equivalent number average molecular weight (Mn) of 10,000 to 10,000,000, more preferably 50,000 to 9,000,000. It is more preferably ⁇ 8,000,000.
- Mn polystyrene-equivalent number average molecular weight
- the copolymer preferably has a molecular weight distribution [Mw / Mn (weight average molecular weight / number average molecular weight)] of 1.00 to 4.00.
- Mw / Mn weight average molecular weight / number average molecular weight
- the molecular weight distribution of the copolymer is more preferably 3.50 or less, and further preferably 3.00 or less.
- the molecular weight distribution of the copolymer is more preferably 1.50 or more, and further preferably 1.80 or more.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw), number average molecular weight (Mn), and molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) described above are determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as a standard substance.
- the above copolymer preferably has a melting point of 30 ° C. or higher, and preferably 180 ° C. or lower, as measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). If the melting point of the copolymer is 30 ° C. or higher, the crystallinity of the copolymer is high and the crack resistance is further improved, and if it is 180 ° C. or lower, the heating temperature during heating needs to be excessively raised. Is eliminated, and workability is further improved. From the same viewpoint, the melting point of the above two or more copolymers is more preferably 140 ° C. or lower. If the copolymer has two or more melting points, the higher melting point is adopted.
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- the copolymer preferably has an endothermic peak energy of 1 J / g or more, and preferably 150 J / g or less, as measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) at 0 to 150 ° C.
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- the endothermic peak energy of the copolymer is 1 J / g or more, the crystallinity of the copolymer is high and the crack resistance is further improved, and when it is 150 J / g or less, the workability is further improved. ..
- the endothermic peak energy of the two or more copolymers is more preferably 10 J / g or more, and more preferably 120 J / g or less.
- the copolymer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 0 ° C. or lower, more preferably -100 to -10 ° C., as measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
- Tg glass transition temperature
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- the copolymer preferably has a crystallinity ( ⁇ H1 / ⁇ H0 ⁇ 100, also referred to as “crystal amount”) of 0.5% or more, and preferably 50% or less.
- crystallinity ⁇ H1 / ⁇ H0 ⁇ 100, also referred to as “crystal amount”
- the crystallinity due to the non-conjugated olefin unit is sufficiently ensured, and the crack resistance is further improved.
- the crystallinity of the copolymer is 50% or less, the workability at the time of kneading or the like is improved, and the tackiness of the copolymer is improved. Workability when pasting is also improved.
- the crystallinity of the copolymer is more preferably 1% or more, further preferably 1.5% or more, and further preferably 45% or less.
- the ratio ( ⁇ H1 / ⁇ H0 ⁇ 100) of the endothermic peak energy ( ⁇ H1) of the copolymer to the crystal melting energy ( ⁇ H0) of polyethylene measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is shared. The crystallinity of the polymer.
- two or more kinds of copolymers having different crystallinities are used.
- the crystallinity (%) of the first copolymer and the second copolymer are used.
- the difference from the crystallinity (%) of the copolymer can be 3% or more.
- the hardness difference between any two points of the obtained molded product can be sufficiently increased.
- the above difference can be 5% or more, and can be 10% or more.
- the above difference is preferably 60% or less, more preferably 50% or less, and more preferably 40% or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of the durability of the molded product due to an excessively large difference in hardness. Is even more preferable, 30% or less is further preferable, 25% or less is further preferable, and 20% or less is particularly preferable.
- a binary copolymer containing the above-mentioned conjugated diene unit and the above-mentioned non-conjugated olefin unit (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as “binary copolymer”). Can be mentioned.
- the binary copolymer and the method for producing the same for example, those described in International Publication No. 2012/014459 can be used.
- the ratio of conjugated diene units in the binary copolymer is preferably more than 0 mol% and 70 mol% or less. In this case, it is possible to obtain a copolymer having excellent elongation and weather resistance. From the same viewpoint, the ratio of the conjugated diene unit in the binary copolymer is more preferably 60 mol% or less, further preferably 50 mol% or less, still more preferably 40 mol% or less.
- the ratio of 1,2 adducts (including 3,4 adducts) of conjugated diene units is preferably 5% or less.
- the ratio of 1,2 adducts (including 3,4 adducts) of conjugated diene units in the binary copolymer is more preferably 2.5% or less, still more preferably 1.0% or less. ..
- the ratio of 1,2 adducts (including 3,4 adducts) of the conjugated diene unit is the ratio in the entire conjugated diene unit, not the ratio in the entire copolymer. Further, the above ratio has the same meaning as the amount of 1,2-vinyl bond when the conjugated diene unit is a butadiene unit.
- the proportion of non-conjugated olefin units in the binary copolymer is preferably 30 mol% or more and less than 100 mol%. In this case, the fracture characteristics at high temperature can be effectively improved. From the same viewpoint, the proportion of the non-conjugated olefin unit in the binary copolymer is more preferably 40 mol% or more, further preferably 50 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 60 mol% or more.
- the copolymers contains an aromatic vinyl unit (a monomer unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound).
- the copolymer contains an aromatic vinyl unit, the fracture resistance of the copolymer itself can be improved, and the fracture resistance of the molded product is also improved.
- the aromatic vinyl unit in the copolymer may contribute to the formation of the crystalline portion or the formation of the elastomer portion depending on the chain structure.
- the aromatic vinyl compound as the monomer of the copolymer preferably has 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of such aromatic vinyl compounds include styrene, o-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, o, p-dimethylstyrene, o-ethylstyrene, m-ethylstyrene, and p-ethylstyrene. And so on.
- the aromatic vinyl compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the aromatic vinyl compound as the monomer of the copolymer preferably contains styrene, and more preferably consists only of styrene.
- the aromatic vinyl unit in the copolymer preferably contains styrene units, and more preferably consists of only styrene units.
- the aromatic ring in the aromatic vinyl unit is not included in the main chain of the copolymer unless it is bonded to an adjacent unit.
- the above-mentioned copolymer for example, a multi-element copolymer containing at least the above-mentioned conjugated diene unit, the above-mentioned non-conjugated olefin unit, and the above-mentioned aromatic vinyl unit (hereinafter, simply referred to as “multi-element copolymer”). It may be referred to.).
- the multiple copolymer may consist of only a conjugated diene unit, a non-conjugated olefin unit and an aromatic vinyl unit, or may further contain other monomer units.
- the ratio of conjugated diene units in the multi-dimensional copolymer is preferably 1 mol% or more, and more preferably 60 mol% or less.
- the ratio of the conjugated diene unit in the multidimensional copolymer is more preferably 3 mol% or more, further preferably 5 mol% or more, particularly preferably 8 mol% or more, and 55 mol. % Or less, more preferably 50 mol% or less, and even more preferably 45 mol% or less.
- the ratio of the non-conjugated olefin unit in the multi-dimensional copolymer is preferably 30 mol% or more, and preferably 97 mol% or less.
- the ratio of the conjugated diene unit or the aromatic vinyl unit is reduced, the weather resistance is improved, and the fracture resistance at high temperature (particularly, the breaking strength (Tb)) is increased. improves.
- the above ratio is 97 mol% or less, as a result, the ratio of the conjugated diene unit or the aromatic vinyl unit increases, and the fracture resistance at high temperature (particularly, the elongation at break (Eb)) is improved.
- the proportion of the non-conjugated olefin unit in the multiple copolymer is more preferably 35 mol% or more, further preferably 38 mol% or more, and further preferably 95 mol% or less. It is more preferably 90 mol% or less.
- the ratio of aromatic vinyl units in the multi-dimensional copolymer is preferably 2 mol% or more, and preferably 35 mol% or less.
- the ratio of the aromatic vinyl unit in the multiple copolymer is more preferably 3 mol% or more, further preferably 5 mol% or more, and further preferably 30 mol% or less. , 25 mol% or less, more preferably 20 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 17 mol% or less.
- the multipolymer may have other structural units other than the conjugated diene unit, the non-conjugated olefin unit, and the aromatic vinyl unit, but the ratio of the other structural units is a viewpoint for obtaining the desired effect. Therefore, it is preferably 30 mol% or less, more preferably 20 mol% or less, further preferably 10 mol% or less, and not contained, that is, the ratio is 0 mol%. Is particularly preferable.
- the content of the butylene unit is preferably 0 mol%. That is, it is preferable that the polymer obtained by hydrogenation of butadiene and the hydrogenation of styrene-butadiene copolymer such as styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene copolymer (SEBS) are not contained.
- the copolymer is a copolymer composed of a non-conjugated olefin unit and a conjugated diene unit, and the butylene unit is preferably 0 mol%.
- the copolymer is a copolymer composed of a non-conjugated olefin unit, a conjugated diene unit, and an aromatic vinyl unit, and the butylene unit is preferably 0 mol%.
- the multipolymer may contain at least one kind of conjugated diene compound, one kind of non-conjugated olefin compound, and one kind of aromatic vinyl compound as monomers from the viewpoint of favoring crack resistance, weather resistance and crystallinity. It is preferably a polymer obtained by using and polymerizing.
- the multi-dimensional copolymer is preferably a multi-dimensional copolymer containing one kind of conjugated diene unit, one kind of non-conjugated olefin unit, and one kind of aromatic vinyl unit, and one kind of conjugated diene unit, It is more preferable that it is a ternary copolymer consisting of only one kind of non-conjugated olefin unit and one kind of aromatic vinyl unit, and it is preferably a ternary copolymer consisting of only butadiene unit, ethylene unit and styrene unit. More preferred.
- the "kind of conjugated diene unit” includes a conjugated diene unit having a different binding mode.
- the copolymer contains a cis-1,4-bonded butadiene unit and a trans-1,4-bonded butadiene unit, the copolymer is considered to contain a kind of conjugated diene unit. Will be done.
- the multi-dimensional copolymer preferably has a conjugated diene unit ratio of 1 to 60 mol%, a non-conjugated olefin unit ratio of 30 to 97 mol%, and an aromatic vinyl unit ratio of 2 to 35 mol%.
- the crack resistance of the copolymer is further improved, and the weather resistance is also improved.
- the main chain of the multiple copolymer has only an acyclic structure.
- the crack growth resistance can be further improved.
- NMR is used as a main measuring means for confirming whether or not the main chain of the copolymer has a cyclic structure. Specifically, if a peak derived from the cyclic structure existing in the main chain (for example, for a three-membered ring to a five-membered ring , a peak appearing at 10 to 24 ppm in the 13 C-NMR spectrum chart) is not observed, both of them. It is shown that the main chain of the polymer consists only of acyclic structure.
- the above-mentioned multiple copolymer can be produced through a polymerization step using a conjugated diene compound, a non-conjugated olefin compound, and an aromatic vinyl compound as monomers, and if necessary, a coupling step, a washing step, and the like. Other steps may be performed.
- the multi-element copolymer it is preferable to add only the non-conjugated olefin compound and the aromatic vinyl compound without adding the conjugated diene compound in the presence of a catalyst to polymerize them.
- the catalyst component described later when the catalyst component described later is used, the conjugated diene compound has higher reactivity than the non-conjugated olefin compound and the aromatic vinyl compound. Therefore, in the presence of the conjugated diene compound, the non-conjugated olefin compound and / Alternatively, it tends to be difficult to polymerize the aromatic vinyl compound. Further, it is also liable to be difficult due to the characteristics of the catalyst to first polymerize the conjugated diene compound and then additionally polymerize the non-conjugated olefin compound and the aromatic vinyl compound.
- any method such as a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a liquid phase massive polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a vapor phase polymerization method, or a solid phase polymerization method can be used.
- the solvent may be any solvent that is inactive in the polymerization reaction, and examples thereof include toluene, cyclohexane, and normal hexane.
- the polymerization step may be carried out in one step or in multiple steps of two or more steps.
- the one-step polymerization step is all kinds of monomers to be polymerized, namely conjugated diene compounds, non-conjugated olefin compounds, aromatic vinyl compounds, and other monomers, preferably conjugated diene compounds, non-conjugated.
- This is a step of simultaneously reacting an olefin compound and an aromatic vinyl compound to polymerize them.
- the multi-step polymerization step a part or all of one or two kinds of monomers are first reacted to form a polymer (first polymerization step), and then the remaining kinds of monomers are formed.
- steps second polymerization step to final polymerization step
- the polymerization reaction is preferably carried out in an atmosphere of an inert gas, preferably nitrogen gas or argon gas.
- the polymerization temperature of the above polymerization reaction is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of ⁇ 100 ° C. to 200 ° C., and may be about room temperature.
- the pressure of the polymerization reaction is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10.0 MPa in order to sufficiently incorporate the conjugated diene compound into the polymerization reaction system.
- the reaction time of the polymerization reaction is also not particularly limited, and is preferably in the range of 1 second to 10 days, but can be appropriately selected depending on conditions such as the type of catalyst and the polymerization temperature. Further, the polymerization step may be carried out in one step or in multiple steps of two or more steps.
- the polymerization may be stopped by using a polymerization terminator such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
- the polymerization step is preferably performed in multiple steps. More preferably, the first step of mixing the first monomer raw material containing at least an aromatic vinyl compound with the polymerization catalyst to obtain a polymerization mixture, and the conjugated diene compound, the non-conjugated olefin compound and the polymerization mixture with respect to the polymerization mixture. It is preferable to carry out the second step of introducing the second monomer raw material containing at least one selected from the group consisting of aromatic vinyl compounds. Further, it is more preferable that the first monomer raw material does not contain a conjugated diene compound and the second monomer raw material contains a conjugated diene compound.
- the first monomer raw material used in the first step may contain a non-conjugated olefin compound together with an aromatic vinyl compound.
- the first monomer raw material may contain the entire amount of the aromatic vinyl compound used, or may contain only a part of the aromatic vinyl compound.
- the non-conjugated olefin compound is contained in at least one of the first monomer raw material and the second monomer raw material.
- any method such as a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a liquid phase massive polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, a gas phase polymerization method, and a solid phase polymerization method can be used.
- a solvent used in the polymerization reaction, the solvent may be any solvent that is inert in the polymerization reaction, and examples thereof include toluene, cyclohexanone, and normal hexane.
- the second monomer raw material used in the second step is only a conjugated diene compound, a conjugated diene compound and a non-conjugated olefin compound, a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound, or a conjugated diene compound and a non-conjugated olefin. It is preferably a compound and an aromatic vinyl compound.
- the second monomer raw material contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a non-conjugated olefin compound and an aromatic vinyl compound in addition to the conjugated diene compound
- these monomer raw materials are used as a solvent or the like in advance. It may be introduced into the polymerization mixture after being mixed with the compound, or each monomer raw material may be introduced from a single state. Further, each monomer raw material may be added at the same time or sequentially.
- the method of introducing the second monomer raw material into the polymerization mixture is not particularly limited, but the flow rate of each monomer raw material is controlled and continuously added to the polymerization mixture. It is preferable to do (so-called polymerization).
- the polymerization reaction system when a monomer raw material that is a gas under the conditions of the polymerization reaction system (for example, ethylene as a non-conjugated olefin compound under the conditions of room temperature and normal pressure) is used, the polymerization reaction system is carried out at a predetermined pressure. Can be introduced in.
- a monomer raw material that is a gas under the conditions of the polymerization reaction system for example, ethylene as a non-conjugated olefin compound under the conditions of room temperature and normal pressure
- the second step is preferably carried out in the reactor under the atmosphere of an inert gas, preferably nitrogen gas or argon gas.
- the temperature (reaction temperature) in the second step is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of -100 ° C to 200 ° C, and may be about room temperature. When the reaction temperature is raised, the selectivity of cis-1,4 bond in the conjugated diene unit may decrease.
- the pressure in the second step is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10.0 MPa in order to sufficiently incorporate a monomer such as a conjugated diene compound into the polymerization reaction system.
- the time (reaction time) spent in the second step can be appropriately selected depending on the conditions such as the type of polymerization catalyst and the reaction temperature, but is preferably in the range of 0.1 hour to 10 days, for example.
- the polymerization reaction may be stopped by using a polymerization terminator such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
- the coupling step is a step of performing a reaction (coupling reaction) for modifying at least a part (for example, a terminal) of the polymer chain of the multiple copolymer obtained in the polymerization step.
- a reaction for example, a terminal
- the coupling agent used in the coupling reaction is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- a tin-containing compound such as bis (-1-octadecyl maleate) dioctyltin (IV); Isocyanate compounds such as 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate; alkoxysilane compounds such as glycidylpropyltrimethoxysilane, and the like can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- bis (-1-octadecyl maleate) dioctyltin (IV) is preferable in terms of reaction efficiency and low gel formation.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) can be increased by performing a coupling reaction.
- the washing step is a step of washing the multiple copolymer obtained in the polymerization step.
- the medium used for cleaning is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and the like.
- a catalyst derived from Lewis acid is used as the polymerization catalyst.
- the amount of acid to be added is preferably 15 mol% or less with respect to the solvent. If it is more than this, the acid may remain in the copolymer, which may adversely affect the reaction during kneading and vulcanization.
- the amount of catalyst residue in the copolymer can be suitably reduced.
- various monomers are used as catalyst components in the presence of one or more of the following components (A) to (F). It is preferable to include an operation of polymerization. In the polymerization step, it is preferable to use one or more of the following components (A) to (F), but it is possible to combine two or more of the following components (A) to (F) and use them as a catalyst composition. More preferred.
- A Component: Rare earth element compound or reaction product of the rare earth element compound and Lewis base
- B Component: Organic metal compound
- C Component: Aluminoxane
- D Component: Ionic compound
- E Component: Halogen compound
- F Component: Substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadiene (compound having a cyclopentadiene group), substituted or unsubstituted inden (compound having an indenyl group), and substituted or unsubstituted fluorene (compound having a fluorenyl group).
- the above components (A) to (F) can be used for polymerization by referring to, for example, International Publication No. 2018/092733.
- the molded product according to the embodiment of the present invention is a molded product having no seams, and is characterized in that the hardness at an arbitrary position is controlled by using the above-mentioned method for controlling the hardness of the molded product. Since the molded product has no seams, it has excellent durability, and since the hardness is controlled at an arbitrary position, it can be suitably used for a desired application.
- the molded product of the present embodiment preferably has a hardness difference of 3 to 50 at arbitrary points at intervals of 5 cm. By setting the hardness difference to 3 or more, the effect of the hardness difference can be obtained, and by setting the hardness difference to 50 or less, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks due to the rigidity step.
- the use of the molded body is not particularly limited, and for example, it is used for rubber articles such as tires, conveyor belts, hoses, rubber crawlers, seismic isolation devices, and vibration isolators, as well as body parts and transportation infrastructure parts (road poles). , Guard rails, etc.), and can be widely applied to resin articles such as medical supplies.
- the obtained catalyst solution was added to the pressure-resistant stainless steel reactor and heated to 70 ° C.
- ethylene was charged into the pressure-resistant stainless steel reactor at a pressure of 1.5 MPa, and 544 mL of a cyclohexane solution containing 135 g of 1,3-butadiene was charged into the pressure-resistant stainless steel reactor over 267 minutes and copolymerized at 70 ° C. Was done.
- the copolymer was separated using a large amount of methanol and vacuum dried at 50 ° C. to obtain a copolymer.
- a first copolymer ternary copolymer containing a butadiene unit, an ethylene unit, and a styrene unit was prepared. It was confirmed that the first copolymer exhibited rubber elasticity.
- Ratio of ethylene unit, butadiene unit, and styrene unit The ratio (mol%) of ethylene unit, butadiene unit, and styrene unit in the copolymer is determined by 1 H-NMR spectrum (100 ° C, d-tetrachloroethane standard: 6 ppm). ) was obtained from the integration ratio of each peak.
- Crystallinity The copolymer sample is heated from ⁇ 150 ° C. to 150 ° C. at 10 ° C./min, and the endothermic peak energy ( ⁇ H1) at 0 to 150 ° C. and the endothermic peak energy at 0 to 100 ° C. ( ⁇ H2) and the endothermic peak energy ( ⁇ H3) at 100 to 150 ° C. were measured. Further, in the same manner, the crystal melting energy ( ⁇ H0) of polyethylene having a 100% crystal component was measured.
- the crystallinity (%) derived from the ethylene unit (non-conjugated olefin unit) is obtained from the ratio ( ⁇ H1 / ⁇ H0 ⁇ 100) of the endothermic peak energy ( ⁇ H1) of the copolymer to the crystal melting energy ( ⁇ H0) of the polyethylene. Calculated. Further, from the ratio ( ⁇ H2 / ⁇ H0 ⁇ 100) of the endothermic peak energy ( ⁇ H2) of the copolymer at 0 to 100 ° C. to the crystal melting energy ( ⁇ H0) of the polyethylene, the ethylene unit (non-conjugated olefin) at 0 to 100 ° C. The degree of crystallinity (%) derived from the unit) was calculated.
- the ethylene unit (non-conjugated olefin) at 100 to 150 ° C.
- the degree of crystallinity (%) derived from the unit) was calculated.
- the endothermic peak energy of the copolymer sample and the crystal melting energy of polyethylene were measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC, manufactured by TA Instruments Japan, "DSCQ2000").
- the forming step shown in FIG. 1 was adopted. First, the first copolymer and the second copolymer were each formed into a rectangular sheet having a size of 300 mm ⁇ 300 mm ⁇ thickness of 1 mm. Next, each sheet (molding member) is cut along a rectangular diagonal line according to a conventional method, and then the cut surfaces of the cut first copolymer sheet and the second copolymer sheet are brought into contact with each other. A combination of sheets was used as a rectangular sheet (composite member). Next, this combined rectangular sheet was heated at 160 ° C. for 1 minute, then wound into a rod shape, and then heated and pressurized at 180 ° C. and 5 MPa for 5 minutes or more using a metal mold. Then, using a cooling plate, it was cooled to room temperature in 5 minutes, thereby producing a rod-shaped molded product (length 254 mm).
- both ends of a 254 mm rod-shaped molded body and both ends of a 254 mm rod-shaped molded body were used with a hardness tester (device name: CL-150) manufactured by ASKER in accordance with JIS K6253-3 (type A durometer).
- CL-150 surface hardness
- JIS K6253-3 type A durometer
- the method for controlling the hardness of a molded product of the present invention can be used to control the hardness of a molded product having no seams at an arbitrary location.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明は、かかる方法を用いて、任意の箇所での硬度を制御した、継ぎ目を有しない成形体を提供することを更なる課題とする。
結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との比率が互いに異なる共重合体を2種以上用いて、結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との比率が互いに異なる成形部材を2種以上準備し、該成形部材を用いて、任意の箇所で結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との比率が異なる成形体を形成する工程と、
前記成形部材を用いて形成した成形体を加熱し、成形体中の結晶性部分を融解させる工程と、
前記加熱後の成形体を冷却して固化させる工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする。
かかる本発明の第1の成形体の硬度の制御方法によれば、継ぎ目を有しない成形体の硬度を、任意の箇所で制御することができる。
結晶性部分とエラストマー部分とのポリマー鎖での分布が互いに異なる共重合体を2種以上用いて、結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との分布が互いに異なる成形部材を2種以上準備し、該成形部材を用いて、任意の箇所で結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との分布が異なる成形体を形成する工程と、
前記成形部材を用いて形成した成形体を加熱し、成形体中の結晶性部分を融解させる工程と、
前記加熱後の成形体を冷却して固化させる工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする。
かかる本発明の第2の成形体の硬度の制御方法によっても、継ぎ目を有しない成形体の硬度を、任意の箇所で制御することができる。
結晶化度が互いに異なる共重合体を2種以上用いて、結晶化度が互いに異なる成形部材を2種以上準備し、該成形部材を用いて、任意の箇所で結晶化度が異なる成形体を形成する工程と、
前記成形部材を用いて形成した成形体を加熱し、成形体中の結晶性部分を融解させる工程と、
前記加熱後の成形体を冷却して固化させる工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする。
かかる本発明の第3の成形体の硬度の制御方法によっても、継ぎ目を有しない成形体の硬度を、任意の箇所で制御することができる。
かかる本発明の成形体は、継ぎ目を有さず、任意の箇所での硬度が制御されている。
また、本発明によれば、かかる方法を用いて、任意の箇所での硬度を制御した、継ぎ目を有しない成形体を提供することができる。
本実施形態の成形体の硬度の制御方法(以下、「本実施形態の制御方法」と称することがある。)は、結晶性部分とエラストマー部分とを有する共重合体からなり、継ぎ目を有しない成形体の硬度を、任意の箇所で制御する方法であって、互いに異なる共重合体を2種以上用いて、互いに異なる成形部材を2種以上準備し、該成形部材を用いて、成形体を形成する工程(形成工程)と、前記成形部材を用いて形成した成形体を加熱し、成形体中の結晶性部分を融解させる工程(加熱工程)と、前記加熱後の成形体を冷却して固化させる工程(冷却工程)と、を含む。
ここで、結晶性部分は硬く、エラストマー部分は軟らかいため、成形体の任意の箇所での結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との比率を変化させることで、成形体の任意の箇所での硬度を変化させることができる。そして、前記成形部材を用いて形成した成形体を加熱し、成形体中の結晶性部分を融解させることで、各成形部材間の継ぎ目が消失し、その後、冷却して固化させて得られる成形体は、継ぎ目を有さず、また、任意の箇所での硬度が制御されている。
従って、前記第1実施形態の成形体の硬度の制御方法によれば、継ぎ目を有しない成形体の硬度を、任意の箇所で制御することができる。
ここで、結晶性部分の連鎖長が長い箇所は相対的に硬く、結晶性部分の連鎖長が短い箇所は相対的に軟らかいため、成形体の任意の箇所での結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との分布を変化させることで、成形体の任意の箇所での硬度を変化させることができる。そして、前記成形部材を用いて形成した成形体を加熱し、成形体中の結晶性部分を融解させることで、各成形部材間の継ぎ目が消失し、その後、冷却して固化させて得られる成形体は、継ぎ目を有さず、また、任意の箇所での硬度が制御されている。
従って、前記第2実施形態の成形体の硬度の制御方法によっても、継ぎ目を有しない成形体の硬度を、任意の箇所で制御することができる。
ここで、結晶化度が高い箇所は硬く、結晶化度が低い箇所は軟らかいため、成形体の任意の箇所での結晶化度を変化させることで、成形体の任意の箇所での硬度を変化させることができる。そして、前記成形部材を用いて形成した成形体を加熱し、成形体中の結晶性部分を融解させることで、各成形部材間の継ぎ目が消失し、その後、冷却して固化させて得られる成形体は、継ぎ目を有さず、また、任意の箇所での硬度が制御されている。
従って、前記第3実施形態の成形体の硬度の制御方法によっても、継ぎ目を有しない成形体の硬度を、任意の箇所で制御することができる。
また、図1では、2つのシート状の成形部材1,2を矩形の対角線に沿って切断しているが、本実施形態において、切断箇所は、特に限定されないし、切断しなくてもよい。
また、図1では、2つのシート状の成形部材1,2の切断面を当接箇所としているが、本実施形態において、当接箇所は、特に限定されない。例えば、2種以上の共重合体のシート状成形部材を積層させて当接させてもよいし、一方の共重合体のシート状成形部材の上に、他方の共重合体のシート状成形部材片を複数配置して当接させてもよい。
また、図1では、加熱工程に供する複合部材を棒状にしているが、本実施形態において、加熱工程に供する複合部材の成形形状は、特に限定されない。
次に、本実施形態で用いる、結晶性部分とエラストマー部分とを有する共重合体について説明する。
なお、上述の第1実施形態では、結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との比率が互いに異なる共重合体を2種以上用いるが、この際、結晶性部分の形成に寄与する非共役オレフィン単位と、上述のエラストマー部分の形成に寄与する共役ジエン単位と、の比率が互いに異なる共重合体を2種以上用いることが好ましい。
なお、本明細書においては、示差走査熱量計(DSC)で測定した、ポリエチレンの結晶融解エネルギー(ΔH0)に対する、共重合体の吸熱ピークエネルギー(ΔH1)の比率(ΔH1/ΔH0×100)を共重合体の結晶化度とする。
なお、芳香族ビニル単位における芳香族環は、隣接する単位と結合しない限り、共重合体の主鎖には含まれない。
換言すれば、前記共重合体は、非共役オレフィン単位と、共役ジエン単位と、からなる共重合体であり、ブチレン単位が0mol%であることが好ましい。
また、前記共重合体は、非共役オレフィン単位と、共役ジエン単位と、芳香族ビニル単位と、からなる共重合体であり、ブチレン単位が0mol%であることも好ましい。
この洗浄工程により、共重合体中の触媒残渣量を好適に低下させることができる。
(A)成分:希土類元素化合物又は該希土類元素化合物とルイス塩基との反応物
(B)成分:有機金属化合物
(C)成分:アルミノキサン
(D)成分:イオン性化合物
(E)成分:ハロゲン化合物
(F)成分:置換又は無置換のシクロペンタジエン(シクロペンタジエニル基を有する化合物)、置換又は無置換のインデン(インデニル基を有する化合物)、及び、置換又は無置換のフルオレン(フルオレニル基を有する化合物)から選択されるシクロペンタジエン骨格含有化合物
本発明の一実施形態の成形体は、継ぎ目を有しない成形体であって、上述した成形体の硬度の制御方法を用いて、任意の箇所での硬度を制御したことを特徴とする。
該成形体は、継ぎ目を有さないため、耐久性に優れ、また、任意の箇所での硬度が制御されているため、目的とする用途に好適に利用できる。
本実施形態の成形体は、5cm間隔をあけた任意の点での硬度差が、3~50であることが好ましい。硬度差を3以上とすることで、硬度差の効果を得ることができ、硬度差を50以下とすることで、剛性段差による亀裂の発生を防ぐことが可能となる。
該成形体の用途は、特に限定されず、例えば、タイヤ、コンベヤベルト、ホース、ゴムクローラ、免震装置、防振装置等のゴム物品に、また、車体部品、交通インフラ用部品(道路のポール、ガードレール等)、医療用品等の樹脂物品に、幅広く適用することができる。
十分に乾燥した2000mL耐圧ステンレス反応器に、スチレン277gと、ブタジエン15gと、を含んだシクロヘキサン溶液63gを加えた。
窒素雰囲気下のグローブボックス中で、ガラス製容器にモノ(1,3-ビス(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)インデニル)ビス(ビス(ジメチルシリル)アミド)ガドリニウム錯体{1,3-[(t-Bu)Me2Si]2C9H5Gd[N(SiHMe2)2]2}0.299mmol、ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート[Me2NHPhB(C6F5)4]0.329mmol及びジイソブチルアルミニウムハイドライド3.29mmolを仕込み、シクロヘキサン115mLを加えて触媒溶液とした。得られた触媒溶液を、前記耐圧ステンレス反応器に加え、70℃に加温した。
次いで、エチレンを圧力1.5MPaで、前記耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、さらに1,3-ブタジエン135gを含むシクロヘキサン溶液544mLを267分かけて該耐圧ステンレス反応器に投入し、70℃で共重合を行った。
次いで、2,2’-メチレン-ビス(4-エチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)(NS-5)5質量%のイソプロパノール溶液1mLを、前記耐圧ステンレス反応器に加えて反応を停止させた。
次いで、大量のメタノールを用いて共重合体を分離し、50℃で真空乾燥し、共重合体を得た。このようにして、ブタジエン単位と、エチレン単位と、スチレン単位とを含む第1共重合体(三元共重合体)を調製した。なお、第1共重合体は、ゴム弾性を示すことを確認した。
第1共重合体の調製において、モノ(1,3-ビス(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)インデニル)ビス(ビス(ジメチルシリル)アミド)ガドリニウム錯体を、モノ((1-ベンジルジメチルシリル-3-メチル)インデニル)ビス(ビス(ジメチルシリル)アミド)ガドリニウム錯体{(1-BnMe2Si-3-Me)C9H5Gd[N(SiHMe2)2]2}に代えたこと及び使用量を適宜変更したこと、並びに、各種単量体の使用量を適宜変更したこと以外は同様にして、ブタジエン単位と、エチレン単位と、スチレン単位とを含む第2共重合体(三元共重合体)を調製した。なお、第2共重合体は、ゴム弾性を示すことを確認した。
ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー[GPC:東ソー製HLC-8121GPC/HT、カラム:東ソー製GMHHR-H(S)HT×2本、検出器:示差屈折率計(RI)]で単分散ポリスチレンを基準として、共重合体のポリスチレン換算の数平均分子量(Mn)、重量平均分子量(Mw)及び分子量分布(Mw/Mn)を求めた。なお、測定温度は40℃である。
共重合体中のエチレン単位、ブタジエン単位、スチレン単位の割合(mol%)を、1H-NMRスペクトル(100℃、d-テトラクロロエタン標準:6ppm)の各ピークの積分比より求めた。
示差走査熱量計(DSC、ティー・エイ・インスツルメント・ジャパン社製、「DSCQ2000」)を用い、JIS K 7121-1987に準拠して、共重合体の融点(Tm1、Tm2)を測定した。
示差走査熱量計(DSC、ティー・エイ・インスツルメント・ジャパン社製、「DSCQ2000」)を用い、JIS K 7121-1987に準拠して、共重合体のガラス転移温度(Tg)とした。
共重合体サンプルを、-150℃~150℃まで、10℃/分で昇温し、0~150℃における吸熱ピークエネルギー(ΔH1)と、0~100℃の吸熱ピークエネルギー(ΔH2)と、100~150℃の吸熱ピークエネルギー(ΔH3)を測定した。また、同様にして、100%結晶成分のポリエチレンの結晶融解エネルギー(ΔH0)を測定した。
前記ポリエチレンの結晶融解エネルギー(ΔH0)に対する、共重合体の吸熱ピークエネルギー(ΔH1)の比率(ΔH1/ΔH0×100)から、エチレン単位(非共役オレフィン単位)に由来する結晶化度(%)を算出した。
また、前記ポリエチレンの結晶融解エネルギー(ΔH0)に対する、共重合体の0~100℃の吸熱ピークエネルギー(ΔH2)の比率(ΔH2/ΔH0×100)から、0~100℃におけるエチレン単位(非共役オレフィン単位)に由来する結晶化度(%)を算出した。
更に、前記ポリエチレンの結晶融解エネルギー(ΔH0)に対する、共重合体の100~150℃の吸熱ピークエネルギー(ΔH3)の比率(ΔH3/ΔH0×100)から、100~150℃におけるエチレン単位(非共役オレフィン単位)に由来する結晶化度(%)を算出した。
なお、共重合体サンプルの吸熱ピークエネルギーと、ポリエチレンの結晶融解エネルギーは、示差走査熱量計(DSC、ティー・エイ・インスツルメント・ジャパン社製、「DSCQ2000」)で測定した。
得られた共重合体について、以下の方法で主鎖構造を確認したところ、13C-NMRスペクトルチャートにおいて、10~24ppmにピークが観測されなかったことから、得られた共重合体は、主鎖が非環状構造のみからなることを確認した。
成形体の作製においては、図1に示す形成工程を採用した。まず、第1共重合体及び第2共重合体をそれぞれ、300mm×300mm×厚み1mmの矩形シート状に成形した。次いで、各シート(成形部材)を、常法に従い、矩形の対角線に沿って切断したのち、切断した第1共重合体のシート及び第2共重合体のシートの切断面を当接させ、1枚の組み合わせ矩形シート(複合部材)とした。次いで、この組み合わせ矩形シートを160℃で1分間加熱した後、巻回し、棒状にした後、金属金型を用い、180℃、5MPaの条件で5分以上加熱加圧を行った。その後、冷却板を用い、5分で常温になるように冷却し、こうして棒状の成形体(長さ254mm)を作製した。
Claims (12)
- 結晶性部分とエラストマー部分とを有する共重合体からなり、継ぎ目を有しない成形体の硬度を、任意の箇所で制御する方法であって、
結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との比率が互いに異なる共重合体を2種以上用いて、結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との比率が互いに異なる成形部材を2種以上準備し、該成形部材を用いて、任意の箇所で結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との比率が異なる成形体を形成する工程と、
前記成形部材を用いて形成した成形体を加熱し、成形体中の結晶性部分を融解させる工程と、
前記加熱後の成形体を冷却して固化させる工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする、成形体の硬度の制御方法。 - 結晶性部分とエラストマー部分とを有する共重合体からなり、継ぎ目を有しない成形体の硬度を、任意の箇所で制御する方法であって、
結晶性部分とエラストマー部分とのポリマー鎖での分布が互いに異なる共重合体を2種以上用いて、結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との分布が互いに異なる成形部材を2種以上準備し、該成形部材を用いて、任意の箇所で結晶性部分とエラストマー部分との分布が異なる成形体を形成する工程と、
前記成形部材を用いて形成した成形体を加熱し、成形体中の結晶性部分を融解させる工程と、
前記加熱後の成形体を冷却して固化させる工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする、成形体の硬度の制御方法。 - 結晶性部分とエラストマー部分とを有する共重合体からなり、継ぎ目を有しない成形体の硬度を、任意の箇所で制御する方法であって、
結晶化度が互いに異なる共重合体を2種以上用いて、結晶化度が互いに異なる成形部材を2種以上準備し、該成形部材を用いて、任意の箇所で結晶化度が異なる成形体を形成する工程と、
前記成形部材を用いて形成した成形体を加熱し、成形体中の結晶性部分を融解させる工程と、
前記加熱後の成形体を冷却して固化させる工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする、成形体の硬度の制御方法。 - 前記2種以上の共重合体の結晶性部分が、同じ単量体単位を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の成形体の硬度の制御方法。
- 前記2種以上の共重合体のエラストマー部分が、同じ単量体単位を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の成形体の硬度の制御方法。
- 前記共重合体の結晶性部分が、非共役オレフィン単位を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の成形体の硬度の制御方法。
- 前記共重合体のエラストマー部分が、共役ジエン単位を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の成形体の硬度の制御方法。
- 前記共重合体の少なくとも1種が、芳香族ビニル単位を含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の成形体の硬度の制御方法。
- 前記共重合体は、非共役オレフィン単位と、共役ジエン単位と、からなる共重合体であり、ブチレン単位が0mol%である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の成形体の硬度の制御方法。
- 前記共重合体は、非共役オレフィン単位と、共役ジエン単位と、芳香族ビニル単位と、からなる共重合体であり、ブチレン単位が0mol%である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の成形体の硬度の制御方法。
- 前記成形部材を用いて形成した成形体を加熱する際、更に加圧する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の成形体の硬度の制御方法。
- 継ぎ目を有しない成形体であって、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の成形体の硬度の制御方法を用いて、任意の箇所での硬度を制御したことを特徴とする、成形体。
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| WO2012014459A1 (ja) | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-02 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、及びタイヤ |
| WO2015190072A1 (ja) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
| WO2018092733A1 (ja) | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-24 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物及びゴム製品 |
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| JPH1135766A (ja) * | 1997-07-15 | 1999-02-09 | E I Du Pont De Nemours & Co | フルオロポリマー組成物およびそれの製造方法 |
| WO2012014459A1 (ja) | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-02 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物、及びタイヤ |
| WO2015190072A1 (ja) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-17 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
| WO2018092733A1 (ja) | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-24 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 多元共重合体、ゴム組成物、架橋ゴム組成物及びゴム製品 |
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