WO2023038474A1 - 전기화학소자용 전극 및 이를 구비한 전기화학소자 - Google Patents
전기화학소자용 전극 및 이를 구비한 전기화학소자 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023038474A1 WO2023038474A1 PCT/KR2022/013560 KR2022013560W WO2023038474A1 WO 2023038474 A1 WO2023038474 A1 WO 2023038474A1 KR 2022013560 W KR2022013560 W KR 2022013560W WO 2023038474 A1 WO2023038474 A1 WO 2023038474A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
- H01G11/28—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features arranged or disposed on a current collector; Layers or phases between electrodes and current collectors, e.g. adhesives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/50—Electrodes characterised by their material specially adapted for lithium-ion capacitors, e.g. for lithium-doping or for intercalation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/66—Current collectors
- H01G11/68—Current collectors characterised by their material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/66—Current collectors
- H01G11/70—Current collectors characterised by their structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical device and an electrochemical device having the same. More specifically, it relates to an electrode for an electrochemical device having improved safety and an electrochemical device having the same.
- electrochemical devices can be largely classified into an anode, a cathode, a separator, and an electrolyte solution.
- an electrochemical device may ignite or explode due to overcharging, high temperature exposure, external impact, and the like. If the electrochemical device is overcharged or exposed to high temperatures, which causes the internal temperature of the battery to rise and the separator to shrink, or if the internal structure of the electrochemical device is destroyed by external shock, a short-circuit phenomenon occurs where the anode and cathode meet, resulting in heat runaway will occur.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electrode for an electrochemical device having improved safety and an electrochemical device having the same.
- an electrode for an electrochemical device of the following embodiments is provided.
- a conductive polymer layer located on at least one surface of the electrode current collector
- the conductive polymer layer includes a poly(thiophene)-based polymer represented by Formula 1 below.
- Adhesion between the conductive polymer layer and the electrode current collector may be 200 gf/20 mm or more.
- An interface resistance between the conductive polymer layer and the electrode active material layer may be 3.0 ohm ⁇ cm 2 or less.
- At least one of the sum of carbon atoms of R 1 and R 2 and the sum of carbon atoms of R 3 and R 4 may be 5 or more.
- the m or n may be 0.
- the conductive polymer layer may have a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m to 8 ⁇ m.
- the conductive polymer layer may be a polyaniline (poly(aniline))-based polymer; polypyrrole (poly(pyrrole))-based polymer; poly(phenylene)-based polymer; poly(acetylene)-based polymer; derivatives thereof; Or it may further include two or more of these.
- the electrode for the electrochemical device may be an anode.
- an electrochemical device of the following embodiment is provided.
- the positive electrode or the negative electrode may include the electrode for an electrochemical device according to any one of the first to eighth embodiments.
- a conductive polymer layer is positioned between an electrode current collector and an electrode active material layer so that the conductive path between the electrode current collector and the electrode active material layer is not disturbed during normal operation of the battery.
- direct contact between electrode current collectors can be prevented.
- the short-circuit resistance is increased to prevent the rapid flow of short-circuit current, resulting in safety. can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an electrode for an electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a conductive polymer layer located on at least one surface of the electrode current collector
- the conductive polymer layer comprising an electrode active material layer containing an electrode active material and a binder polymer
- the conductive polymer layer is characterized by comprising a poly(thiophene)-based polymer represented by Formula 1 below.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the sum of carbon atoms of R 1 and R 2 and R 3 and At least one of the sum of carbon atoms in R 4 is 3 or more, m and n are each independently an integer of 0 to 20,000, and m+n > 0.
- the polythiophene-based polymer represented by Formula 1 is a monomer represented by repeating unit m and a monomer represented by repeating unit n. It may be an alternating polymer, random polymer or block polymer of, but is not limited thereto.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an electrode for an electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an electrode 1 for an electrochemical device includes an electrode current collector 10 .
- the electrode current collector 10 may be used without particular limitation as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the electrochemical device.
- copper as the electrode current collector 10; stainless steel; aluminum; nickel; titanium; calcined carbon; Surface treatment of copper, aluminum, or stainless steel with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, chromium, or the like, an aluminum-cadmium alloy, or the like may be used.
- the current collector may also form fine irregularities on its surface to increase the adhesive strength of the active material, and various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous materials, foams, and non-woven fabrics are possible.
- the electrode current collector 10 is made of stainless steel; aluminum; nickel; titanium; calcined carbon; Alternatively, aluminum or stainless steel surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, chromium, etc. may be used.
- the electrode current collector 10 is copper; stainless steel; nickel; titanium; calcined carbon; Surface treatment of copper or stainless steel with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, chromium, etc., aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. may be used.
- the electrode current collector 10 may have a thickness of 3 to 500 ⁇ m, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m or 10 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- an electrode 1 for an electrochemical device includes a conductive polymer layer 20 on at least one surface of the electrode current collector 10 .
- the separator shrinks and a short circuit between the anode and the cathode may occur.
- the internal structure of the electrochemical device may be destroyed by an external impact, causing a short circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- Such a short circuit is a soft short circuit caused by contact between the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material and a hard short circuit caused by direct contact between the positive current collector and the negative electrode current collector, the positive current collector and the negative electrode current collector, or the negative electrode current collector and the positive electrode active material.
- a hard short circuit short circuit resistance is low, resulting in more heat generation, which poses a serious threat to the safety of the battery.
- the conductive polymer layer 20 is formed on at least one surface of the electrode current collector 10 and serves as a protective film for the electrode current collector 10 when a short circuit occurs.
- the conductive polymer layer 20 is formed on at least one surface of the electrode current collector 10 to prevent the electrode current collector 10 from directly contacting the opposing electrode current collector or the opposing electrode active material. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent a hard short circuit from occurring.
- the conductive polymer layer 20 In order for the conductive polymer layer 20 to serve as a protective film for the electrode current collector 10, the conductive polymer layer 20 is strongly bonded to the electrode current collector 10 and the conductive polymer layer 20 remains intact even when a short circuit occurs. It should not be peeled off from the electrode current collector 10 . If the conductive polymer layer 20 is easily peeled off from the electrode current collector 10, it cannot serve as a protective film for the electrode current collector 10 when a short circuit occurs.
- the adhesive strength between the conductive polymer layer 20 and the electrode current collector 10 may be 200 gf/20 mm or more, specifically 210 gf/20 mm or more.
- the upper limit of the adhesive force between the conductive polymer layer and the electrode current collector is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 400 gf/20 mm or less, or 350 gf/20 mm or less.
- the adhesive strength between the conductive polymer layer 20 and the electrode current collector 10 is determined by attaching and fixing the electrode current collector 10 on which the conductive polymer layer 20 is formed to a glass plate using double-sided tape, and the electrode current collector 10 It can be found by measuring the strength when the part is peeled at an angle of 90° at a rate of 20 mm/min at 25°C.
- the conductive polymer layer 20 is located between the electrode current collector 10 and the electrode active material layer to be described later, so that the electrode current collector 10 and the electrode active material layer are in direct contact with each other, rather than in direct contact.
- the interface resistance between the conductive polymer layer 20 and the electrode active material layer is 0.1 to 1000%, or 1 to 500%, compared to the case where the electrode current collector and the electrode active material layer are in direct contact. may have increased
- the interface resistance between the conductive polymer layer 20 and the electrode active material layer is 3.0 ohm ⁇ cm 2 or less, or 2.5 ohm ⁇ cm 2 or less, or 0.01 ohm ⁇ cm 2 to 2.5 It may be ohm ⁇ cm 2 .
- the interfacial resistance between the conductive polymer layer 20 and the electrode active material layer satisfies the aforementioned range, it is possible to secure cycle characteristics and easily prevent ignition of an electrochemical device when a short circuit occurs. For example, it may be easy to prevent ignition of an electrochemical device when a short circuit occurs while preventing cycle efficiency from being less than 80%.
- the interface resistance between the conductive polymer layer 20 and the electrode active material layer can be measured with a multi probe tester.
- the conductive polymer layer 20 includes a polymer exhibiting conductivity by interacting with a salt in the electrolyte solution, so that a conductive network between the electrode current collector 10 and the electrode active material layer described later can be connected. Accordingly, when the battery operates normally, the performance of the electrode can be maintained even if the conductive polymer layer 20 is present between the electrode current collector 10 and the electrode active material layer.
- At least one of the sum of carbon atoms of R 1 and R 2 and the sum of carbon atoms of R 3 and R 4 may be 5 or more, for example 6 to 20, 7 to 20, 8 to 20, 8 to 15 or 8 to 10.
- the adhesive force between the conductive polymer layer using the same and the electrode current collector is excellently maintained, and the life of the battery using the same
- the present invention is not limited thereto.
- m or n in Formula 1 representing the polythiophene-based polymer included in the conductive polymer layer, m or n may be 0.
- m or n there may be an advantageous effect in terms of further improving the lifespan of a battery using the same while maintaining excellent adhesion between the conductive polymer layer and the electrode current collector using the same, but the present invention is limited thereto. It is not.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the conductive polymer may be, for example, 10,000 g/mol to 100,000 g/mol. Specifically, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the conductive polymer may be 10,000 g/mol to 80,000 g/mol or 30,000 g/mol to 60,000 g/mol. When the weight average molecular weight of the conductive polymer is within the above range, advantageous effects may be obtained in terms of adhesion and interfacial resistance between the conductive polymer layer and the electrode active material layer, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the weight average molecular weight of the conductive polymer may be a value measured using gel permeation chromatography. Specifically, the weight average molecular weight may be a value measured under the following conditions using PL GPC220 (Agilent Technologies Co.).
- the thickness of the conductive polymer layer is, for example, 0.1 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, specifically 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, 0.1 ⁇ m to 8 ⁇ m, 0.5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, 0.5 to 8 ⁇ m, or 0.5 ⁇ m. ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, or 1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the conductive polymer layer is within the above range, an advantageous effect may be exhibited in terms of improving the interface resistance between the conductive polymer layer and the electrode current collector and thus improving the lifespan characteristics of the battery, but the present invention is not limited thereto. no.
- the “thickness” of the conductive polymer layer may represent a value measured by a known method for measuring thickness.
- the method for measuring the thickness may be, but is not limited to, a value measured using, for example, a thickness meter (Mitutoyo, VL-50S-B).
- the conductive polymer layer 20 is a poly(aniline)-based polymer in addition to the polythiophene-based polymer as a conductive polymer; polypyrrole (poly(pyrrole))-based polymer; poly(phenylene)-based polymer; poly(acetylene)-based polymer; derivatives thereof; Or two or more of these may be further included.
- the polyaniline-based polymer is not particularly limited as long as it contains an aniline repeating unit.
- it may include a homopolymer composed of only aniline repeating units, or may include a copolymer of aniline monomers and other monomers.
- the polypyrrole-based polymer is not particularly limited as long as it includes a pyrrole repeating unit.
- it may include a homopolymer composed of only pyrrole repeating units, or may include a copolymer of a pyrrole monomer and other monomers.
- the polypyrrole-based polymer may include a structure represented by Chemical Formula 2 or 3 below:
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms,
- the m is 1 to 20,000.
- the X is ego
- Q is oxygen or sulfur
- R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
- p is a natural number of 1 or more
- the n is 1 to 20,000.
- substitution refers to an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, or a butyl group; Alkoxy groups, such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group; Arengi; alcohol group; It may refer to a case where it is substituted with a carboxylic acid group or the like.
- the polyphenylene-based polymer is not particularly limited as long as it includes a phenylene repeating unit.
- it may include a homopolymer composed of only phenylene repeating units, or may include a copolymer of a phenylene monomer and another monomer.
- the polyphenylene-based polymer may include any one or more of the following structures:
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are each independently hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
- the n is 1 to 20,000.
- the polyacetylene-based polymer is not particularly limited as long as it includes a repeating unit having a polyene structure, for example, a repeating unit having a (CH) x structure, in which one carbon atom and one hydrogen atom each have a polyene structure.
- a repeating unit having a polyene structure for example, a repeating unit having a (CH) x structure, in which one carbon atom and one hydrogen atom each have a polyene structure.
- it may include a homopolymer composed only of repeating units having a polyene structure, or may include a copolymer of a polyene monomer and another monomer.
- the polyacetylene-based polymer may have a structure represented by Formula 4 below:
- n 1 to 20,000.
- the conductive polymer layer 20 may be formed by coating a conductive polymer solution on the electrode current collector 10 and then drying it.
- an electrode 1 for an electrochemical device includes an electrode active material layer 30 on an upper surface of the conductive polymer layer 20 .
- the electrode active material layer 30 includes an electrode active material and a binder polymer.
- the electrode active material layer may further include a conductive material in addition to the electrode active material and the binder polymer.
- the electrode active material is, for example, lithium transition metal oxide; lithium metal iron phosphate; lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide; an oxide in which a part of lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide is substituted with another transition metal; Or it may include two or more of these, but is not limited thereto.
- the electrode active material when the electrode 1 for the electrochemical device is a negative electrode, is a carbon material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, lithium metal, silicon It may contain sub-total materials or tin.
- the carbon material may include natural graphite, artificial graphite, low crystalline carbon, and high crystalline carbon. Soft carbon and hard carbon are typical examples of low crystalline carbon, and examples of high crystalline carbon include natural graphite, kish graphite, pyrolytic carbon, and liquid crystal pitch-based carbon fiber.
- High-temperature calcined carbon such as mesophase pitch based carbon fiber, meso-carbon microbeads, mesophase pitches, and petroleum or coal tar pitch derived cokes are representative examples.
- the silicon-based material may include silicon dioxide and the like.
- the binder polymer is polyvinylidene fluoride.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery.
- the conductive material may be, for example, graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon black such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, farnes black, lamp black, and thermal black; conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers; conductive tubes such as carbon nanotubes; fluorocarbons; metal powders such as aluminum and nickel powder; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; polyphenylene derivatives; A conductive material such as graphene may be included.
- the weight ratio of the electrode active material and the binder polymer may be 90:10 to 98:2, 95:5 to 98:2, or 97:3 to 98:2.
- the weight ratio of the electrode active material, the conductive material, and the binder polymer is 90:5:5 to 98:1:1, or 95:2:3 to 98:1:1, or 97:1:2 to 98:1:1.
- the electrode active material layer 30 may be prepared by coating a slurry for forming an electrode active material layer in which an electrode active material, a binder polymer, and, if necessary, a conductive material is mixed with a dispersion medium, on the upper surface of the conductive polymer layer 20, drying, and then rolling. there is.
- a conductive polymer layer is present on at least one surface of an electrode current collector, so that when a short circuit occurs, a direct short circuit between electrode current collectors can be prevented.
- the potential of the anode for an electrochemical device and the potential at which the conductive polymer layer 20 interacts with the salt in the electrolyte are similar, it may be advantageous to apply the conductive polymer layer 20 to the anode.
- the electrode for the electrochemical device is an anode, it can protect the anode from a hard short path, which can be more advantageous in securing the safety of the electrochemical device.
- the electrode for an electrochemical device has a conductive polymer layer on at least one surface of the electrode current collector, compared to the case where the electrode active material layer and the conductive polymer are included together with the electrode active material layer. Since the entire conductive polymer layer can be wrapped, it can be more effective in improving the safety of the electrode when a short circuit occurs.
- An electrode for an electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present invention may be manufactured as an electrochemical device together with a separator.
- Safety of the electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present invention may be further improved by having an electrode of the electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the electrochemical device includes all devices that undergo an electrochemical reaction, and specific examples include all types of primary and secondary cells, fuel cells, solar cells, and capacitors such as supercapacitor devices.
- the electrochemical device may be a lithium secondary battery including a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium polymer secondary battery, or a lithium ion polymer secondary battery.
- the separator is not particularly limited, and is composed of only a porous polymer substrate, or a porous polymer substrate; and an organic-inorganic composite porous layer formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate and containing a plurality of inorganic particles and a binder polymer.
- the separator is interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and serves to insulate between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- porous polymer substrate commonly used in the art may be used as the porous polymer substrate.
- a polyolefin-based porous polymer membrane or non-woven fabric may be used as the porous polymer substrate, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- the polyolefin-based porous polymer membrane is polyethylene such as high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, polyolefin-based polymers such as polypropylene, polybutylene, and polypentene, or a membrane formed of two or more of these can be heard
- the nonwoven fabric includes, for example, polyethyleneterephthalate, polybutyleneterephthalate, polyester, polyacetal, polyamide, and polycarbonate. ), polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenyleneoxide, polyphenylenesulfide, polyethylenenaphthalene, or two or more of these and nonwoven fabrics formed by
- the structure of the nonwoven fabric may be a spunbond nonwoven fabric or a melt blown nonwoven fabric composed of long fibers.
- the thickness of the porous polymer substrate is not particularly limited, but may be 3 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, or 3 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- the pore size and porosity present in the porous polymer substrate are also not particularly limited, but may be 0.01 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m and 10% to 95%, respectively.
- the inorganic particles are not particularly limited as long as they are electrochemically stable. That is, the inorganic particles usable in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as oxidation and/or reduction reactions do not occur in the operating voltage range of the applied battery (eg, 0 to 5V based on Li/Li + ).
- the inorganic particles may include high dielectric constant inorganic particles having a dielectric constant of 5 or more or 10 or more, inorganic particles having lithium ion transfer ability, or two or more of them.
- Inorganic particles with a dielectric constant of 5 or more are BaTiO 3 , BaSO 4 , Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT), Pb 1-x La x Zr 1-y Ti y O 3 (PLZT, where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1 , 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1), Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT), Hafnia (HfO 2 ), SrTiO 3 , SnO 2 , CeO 2 , MgO, Mg (OH) 2 , NiO, CaO, ZnO, ZrO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ⁇ -AlOOH, Al(OH) 3 , SiC, TiO 2 , or a mixture of two or more of these may be used, but is not limited thereto.
- the size of the inorganic particles is not limited, but has an average particle diameter in the range of 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m, or 0.05 to 1.0 ⁇ m in order to form an organic-inorganic composite porous layer with a uniform thickness and an appropriate porosity.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles means the particle size (D50) of 50% of the integrated value from the small particle diameter side calculated based on the particle size distribution of the particles after classification by a general particle size distribution analyzer and the measurement result. do. This particle size distribution can be measured by laser diffraction analysis.
- the binder polymer included in the separator is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene, Trichlorethylene (polyvinylidene fluoride-co-trichloroethylene), polyvinylidene fluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylacetate, ethylene-co-vinyl acetate, polyethylene oxide, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate butyrate), cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethylpullulan, cyanoethylpolyvinylalcohol, cyanoethylcellulose, cyanoethylsucrose, It may include pullulan, carboxyl PVdF), polyvinylid
- the content ratio of the inorganic particles and the binder polymer included in the separator may be 20:80 to 99.9:0.1, 50:50 to 99.5:0.5, or 70:30 to 80:20.
- the content ratio of the inorganic particles to the binder polymer is within the above-described range, it is possible to sufficiently secure an empty space formed between the inorganic particles while securing sufficient adhesion between the inorganic particles.
- the organic-inorganic composite porous layer is bound to each other by the binder polymer in a state in which the inorganic particles are filled and in contact with each other, thereby forming interstitial volumes between the inorganic particles is formed, and the interstitial volume between the inorganic particles becomes an empty space and may have a structure in which pores are formed.
- the electrochemical device includes an electrolyte solution, and the electrolyte solution may include an organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the electrolyte solution may include an organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- an organic solid electrolyte or an inorganic solid electrolyte may be used as the electrolyte solution.
- organic solvent examples include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, gamma-butyrolactone, 1,2-dimethoxyethane , tetrahydroxy franc, 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide, 1,3-dioxolane, formamide, dimethylformamide, dioxolane, acetonitrile, nitromethane, methyl formate, methyl acetate, phosphoric acid Triester, trimethoxy methane, dioxolane derivative, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, 1,3-dimethyl-2-ibidazolidinone, propylene carbonate derivative, tetrahydrofuran derivative, ether, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate
- An aprotic organic solvent such as may be used.
- the lithium salt is a material that is easily soluble in the organic solvent, and is, for example, LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiSbF 6 , LiAlCl 4 , CH 3 SO 3 Li, CF 3 SO 3 Li, (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 NLi, lithium chloroborane, lithium lower aliphatic carbonate, lithium 4-phenyl borate, imide, and the like can be used.
- pyridine triethylphosphite, triethanolamine, cyclic ether, ethylene diamine, n-glyme, hexaphosphate triamide
- Nitrobenzene derivatives, sulfur, quinone imine dyes, N-substituted oxazolidinones, N,N-substituted imidazolidines, ethylene glycol dialkyl ethers, ammonium salts, pyrrole, 2-methoxy ethanol, aluminum trichloride, etc. may be added.
- halogen-containing solvents such as carbon tetrachloride and ethylene trifluoride may be further included to impart incombustibility
- carbon dioxide gas may be further included to improve high-temperature storage properties.
- organic solid electrolyte examples include polyethylene derivatives, polyethylene oxide derivatives, polypropylene oxide derivatives, phosphoric acid ester polymers, polyagitation lysine, polyester sulfide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene fluoride, A polymer containing an ionic dissociation group or the like can be used.
- Examples of the inorganic solid electrolyte include Li 3 N, LiI, Li 5 NI 2 , Li 3 N-LiI-LiOH, LiSiO 4 , LiSiO 4 -LiI-LiOH, Li 2 SiS 3 , Li 4 SiO 4 , Nitride, halide, sulfate, and the like of Li such as Li 4 SiO 4 -LiI-LiOH, Li 3 PO 4 -Li 2 S-SiS 2 , etc. may be used.
- the injection of the electrolyte solution may be performed at an appropriate stage during the manufacturing process of the electrochemical device according to the manufacturing process and required physical properties of the final product. That is, it may be applied before assembling the electrochemical device or at the final stage of assembling the electrochemical device.
- lamination, stack, and folding processes of the separator and the electrode may be performed in addition to winding, which is a general process.
- the separator may be interposed between an anode and a cathode of an electrochemical device, and may be interposed between adjacent cells or electrodes when configuring an electrode assembly by assembling a plurality of cells or electrodes.
- the electrode assembly may have various structures such as a simple stack type, a jelly-roll type, a stack-folding type, and a lamination-stack type.
- the appearance of the electrochemical device is not particularly limited, but may be a cylindrical shape using a can, an angular shape, a pouch shape, or a coin shape.
- a conductive polymer was synthesized according to the following [Scheme 1].
- the residue precipitated inside the osmosis membrane was washed with methanol and dried at room temperature to obtain a polythiophene-based polymer having the same structure as Compound 2 as a conductive polymer and having a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 g/mol.
- the conductive polymer was dissolved in chloroform to prepare a 1% by weight conductive polymer solution, which was then filtered using a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) filter having pores of 1 ⁇ m.
- PTFE poly(tetrafluoroethylene)
- the conductive polymer solution was coated on one surface of the main body of an aluminum current collector and an electrode tab having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m and dried to form a conductive polymer layer having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m on one surface of the electrode current collector.
- the total thickness of the current collector coated with the conductive polymer was 21 ⁇ m.
- LiCoO 2 , carbon black, and poly(vinylidene fluoride) were added to an N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solution at a weight ratio of 97.5:1:1.5 and then mixed to prepare a slurry for forming an electrode active material layer did
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- An electrode was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the conductive polymer solution was coated so that the thickness of the conductive polymer layer formed on one surface of the current collector was 10 ⁇ m.
- An electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the conductive polymer synthesized according to the following [Scheme 2] was used.
- An electrode was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that one surface of the current collector was not coated with a conductive polymer.
- LiCoO 2 , carbon black, poly(vinylidene fluoride) and the conductive polymer obtained in Example 1 were added to a N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solution in a weight ratio of 95.5:1:1.5:2. After mixing, a slurry for forming an electrode active material layer was prepared. The solid content of the slurry for forming the electrode active material layer was 60% by weight.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- An electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that poly(iso-thianaphthene) was used as the conductive polymer.
- An electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the conductive polymer synthesized according to the following [Scheme 3] was used.
- the residue precipitated inside the osmosis membrane was washed with methanol and dried at room temperature to obtain a polythiophene-based polymer having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 25,000 g/mol as a conductive polymer.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the electrode current collector on which the conductive polymer layer was formed was attached and fixed to a glass plate using double-sided tape, and the strength when the electrode current collector was peeled at an angle of 90° at a rate of 20 mm/min at 25 ° C was measured from that of the conductive polymer layer. It was taken as the adhesive force between electrode current collectors.
- Interfacial resistance between the conductive polymer layer and the electrode active material layer in the electrodes prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 3 to 4 was measured using a multi probe tester.
- the interface resistance between the electrode current collector and the electrode active material layer in the electrodes prepared in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was measured using a multi probe tester.
- a slurry for forming an anode active material layer was prepared by mixing artificial graphite, carbon black, and styrene butadiene rubber in a weight ratio of 95:3.5:1.5, coated on one side of an 8 ⁇ m thick copper film, dried, and then used with a roll press. and rolled to prepare a negative electrode.
- Electrode assemblies were prepared by interposing a polyethylene fabric having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m between the electrodes (anode) and the cathode prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and pressing at 80° C.
- the electrochemical device prepared above is subjected to constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) charging and 0.025C cut off charging to 4.48 V at a rate of 0.7C, and constant current (CC) discharging to 3.0V at a rate of 0.2C to evaluate cycle efficiency. did
- Thickness of conductive polymer layer ( ⁇ m) Adhesion between the conductive polymer layer and the electrode current collector (gf/20mm) Interfacial resistance between the conductive polymer layer (or current collector) and the electrode active material layer (ohm cm 2 ) cycle efficiency (300 cycles) Safety test (Impact test) Pass/Total Example 1 One 246 0.62 92.2% 9/10 Example 2 10 237 4.32 75.1% 9/10 Example 3 One 212 0.49 90.1% 8/10 Comparative Example 1 0 - 0.21 92.5% 0/10 Comparative Example 2 0 - 0.33 91.9% 5/10 Comparative Example 3 One 84 0.57 92.4% 3/10 Comparative Example 4 One 28 0.33 90.3% 2/10
- Example 1 it was confirmed that the safety was further improved compared to Example 3 as the adhesion between the conductive polymer layer and the electrode current collector was better.
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Abstract
Description
| 전도성 고분자층의 두께 (㎛) | 전도성 고분자층과 전극 집전체 간의 접착력 (gf/20mm) |
전도성 고분자층(또는 집전체)과 전극 활물질층 간의 계면저항 (ohm·cm2) |
사이클 효율 (cycle efficiency) (300 cycles) |
안전성 테스트 (Impact test) Pass/Total |
|
| 실시예 1 | 1 | 246 | 0.62 | 92.2% | 9/10 |
| 실시예 2 | 10 | 237 | 4.32 | 75.1% | 9/10 |
| 실시예 3 | 1 | 212 | 0.49 | 90.1% | 8/10 |
| 비교예 1 | 0 | - | 0.21 | 92.5% | 0/10 |
| 비교예 2 | 0 | - | 0.33 | 91.9% | 5/10 |
| 비교예 3 | 1 | 84 | 0.57 | 92.4% | 3/10 |
| 비교예 4 | 1 | 28 | 0.33 | 90.3% | 2/10 |
Claims (9)
- 전극 집전체;상기 전극 집전체의 적어도 일면에 위치한 전도성 고분자층; 및상기 전도성 고분자층의 상면에 위치하고, 전극 활물질 및 바인더 고분자를 포함하는 전극 활물질층을 포함하고,상기 전도성 고분자층은 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 폴리사이오펜(poly(thiophene))계 고분자를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자용 전극:[화학식 1]상기 화학식 1에서,상기 R1, R2, R3 및 R4는 각각 독립적으로 수소, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 탄소수 1 내지 20의 알킬기이고, R1 및 R2의 탄소수의 합 및 R3 및 R4의 탄소수의 합 중 적어도 하나는 3 이상이며,상기 m 및 n은 각각 독립적으로 0 내지 20,000의 정수이며, m+n > 0이다.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 전도성 고분자층과 상기 전극 집전체 간의 접착력이 200 gf/20 mm 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 전도성 고분자층과 상기 전극 활물질층 간의 계면 저항(interface resistance)이 3.0 ohm·cm2 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 R1 및 R2의 탄소수의 합 및 R3 및 R4의 탄소수의 합 중 적어도 하나는 5 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 m 또는 n이 0인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 전도성 고분자층의 두께가 0.1 ㎛ 내지 8 ㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 전도성 고분자층이 폴리아닐린 (poly(aniline))계 고분자; 폴리피롤 (poly(pyrrole))계 고분자; 폴리페닐렌(poly(phenylene))계 고분자; 폴리아세틸렌(poly(acetylene))계 고분자; 이들의 유도체; 또는 이들 중 2 이상을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 전기화학소자용 전극이 양극인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 양극, 음극, 및 상기 양극과 음극 사이에 개재된 분리막을 포함하고,상기 양극 또는 음극이 청구항 1 내지 청구항 8 중 어느 한 청구항에 따른 전기화학소자용 전극을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기화학소자.
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| EP22867742.3A EP4293742A4 (en) | 2021-09-09 | 2022-09-08 | ELECTRODE FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE COMPRISING SAME |
| JP2023553712A JP7675347B2 (ja) | 2021-09-09 | 2022-09-08 | 電気化学素子用電極およびこれを備えた電気化学素子 |
| CN202280019145.9A CN116918093A (zh) | 2021-09-09 | 2022-09-08 | 用于电化学装置的电极和包括其的电化学装置 |
| JP2025065121A JP7804122B2 (ja) | 2021-09-09 | 2025-04-10 | 電気化学素子用電極およびこれを備えた電気化学素子 |
| JP2026002109A JP2026066256A (ja) | 2021-09-09 | 2026-01-08 | 電気化学素子用電極およびこれを備えた電気化学素子 |
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| KR1020220110984A KR102865847B1 (ko) | 2021-09-09 | 2022-09-01 | 전기화학소자용 전극 및 이를 구비한 전기화학소자 |
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| JP2006310384A (ja) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-09 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | 多孔性電極の製造方法、多孔性電極、及び電気化学デバイス |
| KR20130117721A (ko) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-28 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 전극 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
| KR101470070B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-03 | 2014-12-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 과충전 안전성이 우수한 리튬 이차 전지 |
| DE102015206146A1 (de) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Intrinsisch elektrisch leitfähiges Polymer als PTC-Material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2006310384A (ja) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-09 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | 多孔性電極の製造方法、多孔性電極、及び電気化学デバイス |
| KR20130117721A (ko) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-28 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 전극 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
| KR101470070B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-03 | 2014-12-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 과충전 안전성이 우수한 리튬 이차 전지 |
| DE102015206146A1 (de) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Intrinsisch elektrisch leitfähiges Polymer als PTC-Material |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| ZHANG HAIYAN, PANG JING, AI XINPING, CAO YULIANG, YANG HANXI, LU SHIGANG: "Poly(3-butylthiophene)-based positive-temperature-coefficient electrodes for safer lithium-ion batteries", ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA, ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 187, 1 January 2016 (2016-01-01), AMSTERDAM, NL , pages 173 - 178, XP055977342, ISSN: 0013-4686, DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.11.036 * |
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| JP2026066256A (ja) | 2026-04-16 |
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