WO2024251065A1 - Processus de préparation de batterie à haute capacité - Google Patents

Processus de préparation de batterie à haute capacité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024251065A1
WO2024251065A1 PCT/CN2024/096989 CN2024096989W WO2024251065A1 WO 2024251065 A1 WO2024251065 A1 WO 2024251065A1 CN 2024096989 W CN2024096989 W CN 2024096989W WO 2024251065 A1 WO2024251065 A1 WO 2024251065A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
battery
electrolyte
inner cavity
hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/096989
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
雷政军
陈孟奇
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D Aus Energy Storage Technology Xian Co Ltd
Original Assignee
D Aus Energy Storage Technology Xian Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2024251065A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024251065A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/673—Containers for storing liquids; Delivery conduits therefor
    • H01M50/682—Containers for storing liquids; Delivery conduits therefor accommodated in battery or cell casings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and specifically to a preparation process for large-capacity batteries.
  • An existing large-capacity battery as shown in FIG1 , includes a battery pack body formed by a plurality of single cells connected in parallel and a shared pipe assembly located at the bottom of the battery pack body; the shared pipe assembly is used to connect the inner cavities of the plurality of single cells so that all the single cells in the battery pack are in one electrolyte system.
  • the battery pack can enhance the uniformity of the electrolyte of each single cell in the battery pack through the shared pipe assembly, improve the cycle life, and can also replenish the electrolyte for the battery pack through the shared pipe assembly, thereby extending the service life of the battery pack and improving the safety of the battery pack.
  • this type of shared pipeline assembly is formed by directly sealing and plugging multiple sections of sub-pipes 01 and intermediate connecting pipes 02 with each other by interference fit; at this time, the multiple sections of sub-pipes 01 are arranged one by one on the lower cover plate 03 of the single battery, and the sub-pipes extend along the arrangement direction of the single battery 1, and are extruded integrally with the lower cover plate 03, and are connected to the opening of the lower cover plate 03.
  • the two ends of the sub-pipeline 01 are used as connecting ends with the middle connecting tube 02 .
  • one end of the sub-pipeline on the two single cells is squeezed into the two ends of the middle connecting tube 02 .
  • the shared pipeline assembly requires that each sub-pipeline 01 and the intermediate connecting pipe 02 be coaxial during the plugging process to achieve effective connection.
  • the coaxiality of each sub-pipeline and the intermediate connecting pipe 02 is difficult to ensure due to the following reasons:
  • the sub-pipeline and the lower cover are an integrated part. If the position of the sub-pipeline on the lower cover is slightly deviated, or the size of each sub-pipeline is slightly deviated, the coaxiality of each sub-pipeline will deviate when plugged in;
  • this solution may cause the sub-pipes to be displaced relative to the lower cover plate, or the lower cover plate to be displaced relative to the cylinder during insertion, thereby causing damage to the battery.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a preparation process for large-capacity batteries to overcome the problem that existing large-capacity batteries share pipeline components that are difficult to assemble.
  • the technical solution of the present application is to provide a preparation process of a large-capacity battery, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
  • each third through hole is fixedly sealed with the corresponding single battery shell; the first cover plate and the third cover plate are respectively sealed and connected to the two opposite open ends of the cylinder;
  • the present application places a plurality of single cells inside a cylinder having a shared electrolyte chamber, seals the cylinder with a cover plate, and opens holes in the shell of the single cells through the unpacking process, so that the shared electrolyte chamber and the electrolyte area of the inner cavity of each single cell are connected, and the electrolyte of each single cell is shared to ensure the consistency of each single cell, that is, the electrolyte chamber of each single cell is connected so that the electrolyte of all single cells is in the same system, which reduces the difference between the electrolytes of each single cell, improves the consistency between each single cell to a certain extent, and thus improves the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.
  • the electrolyte sharing chamber of the present application is the first channel located in the cylinder. It does not need to be plugged in. In the arrangement direction of the single battery cells, there is no need to consider the coaxial plugging problem, and the requirements for processing accuracy and assembly accuracy are low. At the same time, no special tooling is required, and the assembly process is relatively simple, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty and processing cost of such large-capacity batteries with a shared system, and can realize mass production.
  • the poles of each single cell of the present application extend out of the top of the shell (in order to ensure the sealing of the entire shell, the gap between the pole and the shell needs to be sealed).
  • the pole has a better heat dissipation effect; in addition, when the pole extends out of the shell, if the battery temperature is too high, it is also convenient to use heat exchange equipment to timely remove the heat of the pole, which can ensure that such large-capacity batteries operate at the optimal temperature.
  • the large-capacity battery manufacturing process of the present application requires the operation of capacity sorting and sorting each single battery in order to maintain the consistency of multiple single batteries in the initial state of the battery module.
  • multiple single cells are directly installed in a sealed housing, and the multiple single cells are in a unified electrolyte system (equivalent to multiple single cells forming a large-capacity battery cell), which reduces the differences between the single cells. Therefore, the production process of the large-capacity battery can omit the work of capacity separation and sorting, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery and also improving the production efficiency of the large-capacity battery.
  • the unpacking steps also include:
  • the present application forms a second channel in the cylinder as a gas chamber; during the unpacking process, a hole is opened in the single cell shell so that the gas area in the inner cavity of each single cell is connected with the gas chamber, thereby connecting the gas paths of each single cell.
  • the gases of all single cells are in the same environment to achieve gas balance, thereby reducing the differences between the single cells, improving the consistency between the single cells, and further improving the cycle life of large-capacity batteries.
  • a plurality of single cells that have been sorted by capacity are arranged in the barrel.
  • the first channel of the present application can be formed in the cylinder in two ways, and the second channel is preferably formed in the cylinder in one way:
  • the first forming method of the first channel is similar to the forming method of the second channel, and both can be formed integrally with the cylinder with open ends by using an aluminum extrusion process. Then, accordingly, in the above-mentioned step of processing the shell, the cylinder with open ends can be formed integrally by using an aluminum extrusion process, and the first channel and the second channel can be formed integrally at the same time, serving as the electrolyte shared chamber and the gas chamber, respectively.
  • Each pad is inserted between the bottom of the cylinder and the bottom of the cylinder to ensure that the pole of the single battery is fully extended out of the corresponding third through hole.
  • each single battery extends out of the corresponding third through hole, and the second supporting rib is inserted between the bottom of each single battery and the bottom of the cylinder; the cylinder is turned over so that the top of the cylinder faces upward.
  • the second molding method of the first channel is different from the first molding method. It is formed during the process of loading the single battery into the cylinder. Specifically, the following three methods can be used:
  • At least two first supporting ribs are inserted between the bottom of each single cell and the bottom of the cylinder along the length direction of the cylinder to form a first channel as a shared electrolyte chamber and ensure that the pole of each single cell extends out of the corresponding third through hole;
  • each single battery extends out of the corresponding third through hole, and at least two first supporting ribs are inserted between the bottom of each single battery and the bottom of the cylinder to form an electrolyte sharing chamber;
  • a hole is opened in the single cell shell by using external force or the electrolyte itself, and after the inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber and the electrolyte area of the inner cavity of each single cell are connected, it also includes the step of injecting electrolyte into the inner cavity of each single cell through the electrolyte shared chamber to form the entire large-capacity battery.
  • the present application places a plurality of capacity-divided and sorted single cells with a sealing assembly inside a cylinder with a shared electrolyte chamber, seals the cylinder with a cover plate, and opens holes in the shell of the single cells through the unpacking process, so that the shared electrolyte chamber and the electrolyte areas of the inner cavities of each single cell are connected, and the electrolyte of each single cell is shared to ensure the consistency of each single cell, that is, the electrolyte chambers of each single cell are connected so that the electrolytes of all the single cells are in the same system, thereby reducing the differences between the electrolytes of each single cell, improving the consistency between the single cells to a certain extent, and thus improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.
  • the electrolyte shared chamber of the present application does not need to be plugged in, and there is no need to consider the coaxial plug-in problem in the arrangement direction of the single battery cells, and the requirements for processing accuracy and assembly accuracy are relatively low. At the same time, no special tooling is required, and the assembly process is relatively simple, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty and processing cost of such large-capacity batteries with a shared system, and can realize mass production.
  • the poles of each single cell of the present application extend out of the top of the shell (in order to ensure the sealing of the entire shell, the gap between the pole and the shell needs to be sealed).
  • the pole has a better heat dissipation effect; in addition, when the pole extends out of the shell, if the battery temperature is too high, it is also convenient to use heat exchange equipment to timely remove the heat of the pole, which can ensure that such large-capacity batteries operate at the optimal temperature.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery structure in the background art
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery after the outer shell is removed in Example 1;
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 1;
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a commercially available square shell battery in Example 1;
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an electrolyte sharing chamber in Example 1;
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of another electrolyte sharing chamber structure in Example 1.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the third electrolyte sharing chamber structure in Example 1.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third cover plate in Example 1;
  • FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery with a heat transfer connector in Example 1;
  • FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat transfer connector in Example 1.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 2.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third cover plate in Example 2.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a cylinder structure in Example 3.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of another cylinder structure in Example 3.
  • FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which a partition is added to the inner cavity of the U-shaped shell in Example 4.
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the I-shaped separator and the single battery in Example 4.
  • orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms “top, bottom” etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of this application.
  • first, second, third, fourth, etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
  • the length direction of the shell is defined as the x direction
  • the width direction of the shell is defined as the y direction
  • the height direction of the shell is defined as the z direction.
  • the large-capacity battery of this embodiment includes 9 single cells 1 connected in parallel.
  • the single cell 1 is a square shell battery, which includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a cylinder and a battery cell assembly; the battery cell assembly described here can also be called an electrode assembly, which is arranged in sequence by a positive electrode, a diaphragm, and a negative electrode, and is assembled by a lamination or winding process.
  • the upper cover plate, the cylinder, and the lower cover plate constitute the shell of the single cell 1, and the battery cell assembly is arranged in the shell of the single cell 1.
  • each single battery 1 is provided with a first through hole penetrating the inner cavity thereof;
  • the housing of this embodiment includes a U-shaped shell 2 , a first cover plate 3 , a third cover plate 4 and a second cover plate 5 ; wherein the U-shaped shell 2 and the second cover plate 5 are arranged separately.
  • the bottom 6 of the U-shaped housing is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber extending along the x direction;
  • the electrolyte sharing chamber can adopt the following structural forms:
  • the first structure is a tube section 7 with a square or circular cross-section fixed on the outer surface of the bottom 6 of the U-shaped shell; through holes are opened in the tube wall and the bottom 6 of the U-shaped shell; the through holes can be multiple, corresponding to and penetrating the first through holes of each single cell; or it can be a long strip through hole penetrating the first through holes of all single cells.
  • a first channel 8 extending along the x direction is provided on the bottom 6 of the U-shaped shell, and the first channel 8 is directly connected to the first through hole of each single battery 1; compared with the first structure that requires a separate pipe section and through holes to be opened on the bottom 6 of the U-shaped shell and the pipe section, the second structure is relatively simple to process and manufacture.
  • the second structure can be implemented in the following two ways:
  • Method 1 can adopt bending, stamping, die-casting or aluminum extrusion technology to directly form the first channel 8 on the bottom 6 of the U-shaped shell, and form a convex inner surface of the bottom 6 of the U-shaped shell away from the top of the U-shaped shell 2 .
  • heat dissipation fins 9 extending along the x direction are arranged on the outer surface of the U-shaped shell bottom 6 and on both sides of the first channel 8. The heat generated during the operation of the large-capacity battery can be dissipated in time through the fins 9.
  • Method 2 as shown in FIG. 7 , at least two first support ribs 10 extending along the x direction are provided on the inner surface of the U-shaped shell bottom 6 , and the two first support ribs 10 and the U-shaped shell bottom 6 area located between the two first support ribs 10 form a first channel 8 .
  • the electrolyte sharing chamber structure shown in FIG7 can ensure the structural regularity of the entire large-capacity battery. As above, on the one hand, it is easy to ensure the density of the energy storage device when integrating the energy storage device based on such large-capacity batteries; on the other hand, it can be treated as a whole and coated with an insulating film (also called a blue film or a protective film) on the outside to improve the overall safety performance of such large-capacity batteries.
  • an insulating film also called a blue film or a protective film
  • the two ends of the first channel 8 in Figures 6 and 7 located in the yz plane are open ends, and the openings at both ends are subsequently sealed by the first cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 4; in other embodiments, the two ends of the first channel 8 located in the yz plane can also be directly closed, but the molding method is relatively complicated.
  • a liquid injection port 11 may be provided in the first channel 8.
  • the liquid injection port 11 may be used to inject liquid into the inner cavity of each single battery 1 and the electrolyte shared chamber.
  • the electrolyte is injected again to ensure the continuity of the electrolyte, and the electrolyte can be replaced through the injection port 11 later.
  • liquid injection port 11 when no liquid is injected, the liquid injection port 11 needs to be sealed by a plug.
  • the third structure uses the gap between the inner surface of the U-shaped shell bottom 6 and the outer surface of the lower cover plate of each single cell as a shared electrolyte chamber. If this structure is adopted, an auxiliary structure is required to improve the stability of each single cell in the shell.
  • the structure of the second cover plate 5 of this embodiment is shown in FIG8 .
  • the second cover plate 5 is provided with a third through hole 12 through which the pole of each single battery 1 can be extended.
  • the second cover plate 5 covers the top open end of the U-shaped shell 2 and is sealed with the open end.
  • the outer shell area corresponding to the third through hole 12 is fixedly sealed with the single battery shell.
  • the edge of the third through hole 12 can be welded to the single battery shell in the area surrounding the pole to achieve sealing.
  • the shells of some single cells 1 with smaller sizes in the z direction may have problems with poor welding or even be unable to be welded to the large-capacity battery shell, making it difficult to ensure the sealing of the third through hole 12 and the single cell shell.
  • a weak portion 15 may be provided in the peripheral area of the third through hole 12.
  • the weak portion 15 in this embodiment may be an annular groove with the center of the third through hole 12 as the center point and opened along the peripheral area of the third through hole 12.
  • the weak portion 15 may also be a long strip groove opened in the peripheral area of the third through hole 12.
  • the solution may be to add a weak portion 15 in the peripheral area of the third through hole 12.
  • a sealing connector may also be provided between the third through hole 12 and the pole, the sealing connector comprising a hollow member; the bottom of the hollow member is used to be sealed and connected to the first area of the single cell, and the top of the hollow member is sealed and connected to the second area of the shell; the first area is the area around any pole in the upper cover of any single cell; the second area is the area corresponding to any third through hole on the shell.
  • the area corresponding to the third through hole is the surrounding area on the outer surface of the shell corresponding to any third through hole; or the area corresponding to the third through hole is the wall of the third through hole.
  • the area around the pole is the area around the insulating seal on the pole.
  • the insulating seal is a part on the single cell used to insulate the pole from the upper cover.
  • the shape of the second cover plate 5 is adapted to the shape of the top open end of the U-shaped shell 2.
  • the flat plate is a square flat plate, and its area can be slightly larger than the area of the top open end of the U-shaped shell 2, and it is fixed to the top open end of the U-shaped shell 2 by fusion welding; the area can also be slightly smaller than the area of the top open end of the U-shaped shell 2, and it is fixed to the top open end of the U-shaped shell 2 by embedding welding.
  • Step 1 Processing the U-shaped shell 2, the first cover plate 3, the third cover plate 4 and the second cover plate 5.
  • Step 2 sorting by capacity, screening multiple single cells that meet the requirements; opening a first through hole at the bottom of the single cell housing and sealing it with a sealing assembly; arranging multiple single cells with sealing assemblies at the first through holes in the U-shaped housing 2 of step 1, and the sealing assembly of each single cell corresponds to the first channel 8 to ensure that the sealing assembly of the single cell is sealed by external force or the electrolyte itself.
  • the sealing assembly can adopt the sealing assembly disclosed in Chinese patents CN218525645U and CN218525614U.
  • Step 3 seal and weld the second cover plate 5 to the open end at the top of the U-shaped shell 2, weld the third through hole 12 to the peripheral part of the single cell shell pole, and weld the first cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 4 to the other two opposite open ends of the U-shaped shell 2 to achieve sealing.
  • the first cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 4 need to seal the two open ends of the first channel 8 located in the yz plane at the same time.
  • the first cover plate, the second cover plate and the third cover plate can also be fixed to the open end of the U-shaped shell 2 by screw fastening or gluing, but compared with the welding method, the sealing or connection reliability is relatively weak.
  • Step 4 Use external force or the electrolyte itself to open the sealing component, so that the inner cavity of the first channel 8 and the electrolyte area of each single battery cavity are connected.
  • the electrolyte in the inner cavity of each single battery 1 is connected through the first channel 8.
  • the electrolyte can be injected into the first channel 8 to ensure the continuity of the electrolyte after the inner cavity of each single battery 1 and the first channel 8 are connected.
  • the heat transfer connector shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 can be used to connect all the single cells 1 in parallel.
  • the heat transfer connector is a slender member, which is used to connect to the positive or negative electrode of each single cell; and a clamping portion for installing a heat transfer tube is provided on the slender member along the axial direction.
  • the electrolyte can be injected into the inner cavity of each single battery 1 through the first channel 8, and then the entire large-capacity battery is formed.
  • this embodiment adds a gas chamber on the second cover plate 5 as a gas sharing chamber or explosion relief channel. Its structure is shown in FIG11 , and the first channel 8 in FIG11 adopts the structure shown in FIG7 , and of course, the first channel 8 can also adopt the structure shown in FIG6 .
  • the gas chamber can adopt the following structural forms:
  • a pipe section with a square or circular cross section is fixed on the outer surface of the top of the second cover plate 5; through holes are opened in the pipe wall and the second cover plate 5;
  • the gap between the inner surface of the second cover plate 5 and the outer surface of the upper cover plate of each single battery cell is used as a gas chamber.
  • a second channel 13 extending along the x direction is provided on the second cover plate 5 ; this structure is simpler than the first structure, and each single cell has a higher stability in the housing than the second structure.
  • the second channel 13 may be formed directly on the second cover plate 5 by using a bending or aluminum extrusion process, wherein the second channel 13 protrudes in a direction away from the U-shaped housing bottom 6 .
  • the second channel 13 When the second channel 13 is used as a gas sharing chamber, a fifth through hole penetrating the inner cavity of the single battery 1 needs to be opened on the top of each single battery 1 shell, and the second channel 13 is connected to the fifth through hole.
  • the gas area of the inner cavity of the single cell 1 is connected.
  • the second cover plate 5 and the open end of the top of the U-shaped shell 2 can also be fixed by bonding or screw connection, but compared with the welding method, the sealing or connection reliability is relatively weak. It should be noted that during operation, it is necessary to block the openings at both ends of the second channel 13 (the open ends parallel to the yz plane) to prevent the external environment from affecting the electrolyte in the inner cavity of each single cell.
  • an exhaust valve and an explosion-proof membrane are arranged on the second channel 13, or only an exhaust valve is arranged; the exhaust valve can be opened manually or automatically, and the exhaust valve is opened regularly, and the gas in the gas zone of each single battery 1 can be discharged through the second channel 13 and the exhaust valve; when the explosion-proof membrane is arranged, the exhaust valve and the explosion-proof membrane are located at both ends of the second channel 13, and the explosion-proof membrane is used for when any single battery 1 has thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke breaks through the explosion-proof membrane and is discharged from the second channel 13, so that this type of large-capacity battery has higher safety performance.
  • the second channel 13 When the second channel 13 is used as an explosion relief channel, the second channel 13 covers the explosion relief portion on the top of each single battery 1. When the explosion relief portion of any single battery 1 is broken by the internal smoke, the gas area in the internal cavity of the single battery 1 is connected with the internal cavity of the second channel 13.
  • Example 1 On the basis of the preparation process of Example 1, it is necessary to seal and weld the second cover plate 5 to the open end at the top of the U-shaped shell 2, so that the explosion venting part of each single cell corresponds to the second channel 13, ensuring that after the explosion venting part is broken by the inner cavity flue gas, the explosion venting part and the second channel 13 are connected; weld the third through hole 12 to the surrounding part of the single cell shell pole to achieve sealing.
  • the explosion venting part described in this embodiment includes an explosion venting opening or explosion-proof opening with an explosion venting membrane disposed on the top of the single battery 1 .
  • the U-shaped housing 2 and the second cover plate 5 are integrated into one piece, and the structure of the integrated piece is shown in Figures 13 and 14.
  • the second cover plate 5 may or may not be provided with a gas chamber, and the following description is made taking the case of providing a gas chamber as an example:
  • the shell of this embodiment includes the cylinder shown in Figure 13 or 14 and the first cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 4 for covering the two opposite open ends of the cylinder; the first cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 4 are located in the yz plane. Similarly, it should be noted here that the first cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 4 need to cover the two opposite open ends of the sealed cylinder while covering the two opposite open ends of the sealed first channel 8 and the second channel 13.
  • the cylinder of this embodiment can be integrally formed by aluminum extrusion process; because the cylinder extends along the x direction, its open end is located in the yz plane, and the extrusion direction is along the x direction, therefore, the cylinder that meets the target length can be extruded in one time.
  • the large-capacity battery of this embodiment can be prepared by the following process, taking the structure shown in FIG. 14 as an example:
  • Step 1 Processing the shell:
  • the cylinder, the first cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 4 are processed.
  • Step 2 Prefabricate single cells:
  • Capacity sorting screening multiple single cells that meet the requirements; opening a first through hole at the bottom of the single cell housing and sealing it with a sealing assembly; opening a fifth through hole at the top of the single cell housing and sealing it with a sealing assembly;
  • Step 3 Prefabricated single cells are loaded into the cylinder:
  • the sealing components Arrange multiple single cells with sealing components in the cylinder of step 1; make the first through hole with sealing components correspond to the first channel 8, and the fifth through hole with sealing components correspond to the second channel 13, and ensure that after the sealing components are opened by external force or electrolyte itself, the first through hole is connected to the first channel 8, and the fifth through hole is connected to the second channel 13; the sealing components can adopt the sealing components disclosed in Chinese patents CN218525645U and CN218525614U.
  • the poles of each single cell 1 extend out of the corresponding third through hole 12 on the second cover plate 5.
  • the third through hole 12 is welded to the peripheral part of the pole of the single cell shell to achieve sealing; it should be noted here that in order for each single cell 1 to be smoothly arranged in the cylinder shown in FIG. 14 , the minimum dimension of the cylinder along the z direction needs to be greater than the dimension of the single cell 1 along the z direction, and in order to ensure that the pole of each single cell 1 can extend out of the third through hole 12 at the top of the cylinder, a second supporting rib needs to be added at the bottom of each single cell 1;
  • the plurality of single cells with sealing components can be arranged in the cylinder of step 1 in the following three ways:
  • the size of the long strip-shaped second support ribs of equal height must meet the following requirements: after the second support ribs are added between the bottom of each single battery 1 and the bottom of the cylinder, the pole of each single battery 1 extends out of the corresponding third through hole 12.
  • the cylinder is turned over so that the top of the cylinder faces downward, multiple single cells 1 are fixed as a whole, and pushed into the inner cavity of the cylinder from any open end of the cylinder; or multiple single cells 1 are pushed into the inner cavity of the cylinder from any open end of the cylinder in sequence; under the action of gravity, the pole of each single cell 1 extends out of the corresponding third through hole 12, and the second supporting rib is inserted between the bottom of each single cell 1 and the bottom of the cylinder; the cylinder is turned over so that the top of the cylinder faces upward.
  • the first cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 4 are welded to the other two opposite open ends of the U-shaped shell 2 .
  • the sealing assembly is opened by external force or the electrolyte itself, so that the inner cavity of the first channel 8 and the electrolyte area of each single battery are connected, and the inner cavity of the second channel 13 and the gas area of each single battery are connected.
  • the electrolyte in the inner cavity of each single battery 1 is connected through the first channel 8.
  • the electrolyte can be injected into the first channel 8 to ensure the continuity of the electrolyte after the inner cavity of each single battery 1 and the first channel 8 are connected.
  • the sealing assembly is opened by external force or the electrolyte itself, and the inner cavity of the first channel 8 and the electrolyte area of the inner cavity of each single battery are connected.
  • the first support rib 10 is inserted between the bottom of each single cell and the bottom of the barrel to form the first channel 8, and at the same time, each single cell can be supported so that the pole of each single cell 1 can extend out of the third through hole 12 at the top of the barrel.
  • the same three methods as above can also be used to arrange multiple single cells with sealing components in the barrel shown in FIG13, and it is only necessary to replace the second support rib with the first support rib 10.
  • the specific steps may include:
  • Step 1 Processing the cylinder, the first cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 4.
  • Step 2 sorting by capacity, screening multiple single cells that meet the requirements; opening a first through hole at the bottom of the single cell housing and sealing it with a sealing assembly; opening a fifth through hole at the top of the single cell housing and sealing it with a sealing assembly;
  • the first through hole with the sealing component corresponds to the first channel 8, and the fifth through hole with the sealing component corresponds to the second channel 13, ensuring that after the sealing component is opened by external force or the electrolyte itself, the first through hole is connected to the first channel 8, and the fifth through hole is connected to the second channel 13;
  • the sealing component can adopt the sealing components disclosed in Chinese patents CN218525645U and CN218525614U.
  • each single battery 1 is extended out of the corresponding third through holes 12 on the second cover plate 5, and the third through holes 12 are welded to the surrounding parts of the poles of the single battery housing to achieve sealing;
  • the plurality of single cells with sealing components can be arranged in the cylinder of step 1 in the following three ways:
  • the size of the long and equal-height first supporting ribs must meet the following requirements: after the first supporting ribs are added between the bottom of each single battery 1 and the bottom of the cylinder, the pole of each single battery 1 extends out of the corresponding third through hole 12.
  • the cylinder is turned over so that the top of the cylinder faces downward, multiple single cells 1 are fixed as a whole, and pushed into the inner cavity of the cylinder from any open end of the cylinder; or multiple single cells 1 are pushed into the inner cavity of the cylinder from any open end of the cylinder in sequence; under the action of gravity, the pole of each single cell 1 extends out of the corresponding third through hole 12, and the first supporting rib is inserted between the bottom of each single cell 1 and the bottom of the cylinder; the cylinder is turned over so that the top of the cylinder faces upward.
  • Step 3 Weld the first cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 4 to the other two opposite open ends of the U-shaped shell 2.
  • Step 4 Use external force or the electrolyte itself to open the sealing assembly, so that the inner cavity of the first channel 8 and the electrolyte area of each single battery are connected, and the inner cavity of the second channel 13 and the gas area of each single battery are connected.
  • the electrolyte in the inner cavity of each single battery 1 is connected through the first channel 8.
  • the electrolyte can be injected into the first channel 8 to ensure the continuity of the electrolyte after the inner cavity of each single battery 1 and the first channel 8 are connected.
  • a plurality of partitions 16 are added to the inner cavity of the U-shaped shell 2 or the inner cavity of the cylinder, so as to divide the inner cavity of the U-shaped shell 2 or the inner cavity of the cylinder into a plurality of single-cell battery 1 installation cavities, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16;
  • the partition 16 can be a flat plate, or an I-shaped partition as shown in FIG.
  • the vertical beam 17 of the I-shaped partition is parallel to the first cover plate 3 and the third cover plate 4, and contacts the side walls of the two single-cell batteries 1 adjacent to each other in the yz plane, a cross beam 18 of the I-shaped partition contacts the side walls of the two single-cell batteries 1 in the xz plane, and another cross beam 18 of the I-shaped partition contacts the other side walls of the two single-cell batteries 1 in the xz plane.
  • a single cell 1 is fixed in each single cell 1 installation cavity.
  • Each single cell 1 near the middle part has side walls on both sides in contact with the partition 16.
  • One side wall of the two single cells 1 near the outermost part is in contact with the partition 16, and the other side wall is in contact with the first cover plate 3 or the third cover plate 4.
  • the installation stability of each single cell 1 in the shell can be improved; on the second hand, it can prevent each single cell 1 from swelling, which may cause the problem of reduced cycle performance of large-capacity batteries; on the third hand, the heat generated during the charging and discharging process of each single cell 1 can be transmitted to the outside through the partition 16, reducing the risk of thermal runaway; on the fourth hand, the overall strength of the shell can be enhanced.
  • two or more single cells 1 can be fixed in each single cell 1 installation cavity. However, compared with the present embodiment, the stability of the single cell 1 is poor.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

La présente demande se rapporte au domaine des batteries, et concerne plus précisément un processus de préparation d'une batterie à haute capacité. Le problème de la difficulté d'assemblage d'un ensemble pipeline partagé dans des batteries à haute capacité existantes est résolu. Le processus comprend les étapes consistant à fabriquer un boîtier, à préfabriquer des éléments de batterie, à insérer les éléments de batterie préfabriqués dans un cylindre, à sceller, à déballer et à former des connexions parallèles. Une pluralité d'éléments de batterie pourvus d'ensembles d'étanchéité est placée dans le cylindre pourvu d'une cavité d'électrolyte partagée, ledit cylindre étant scellé par une plaque de recouvrement ; et les ensembles d'étanchéité sont ouverts au moyen d'une procédure de déballage, reliant ainsi la cavité d'électrolyte partagée et une zone d'électrolyte dans une cavité interne de chaque élément de batterie, assurant la cohérence de tous les éléments de batterie au moyen d'un partage d'électrolyte parmi lesdits éléments de batterie, et prolongeant ainsi la durée de vie en cyclage de la batterie à haute capacité dans une certaine mesure. La cavité d'électrolyte partagée est un premier canal situé dans le cylindre, de sorte qu'une insertion n'est pas nécessaire, réduisant les exigences de précision d'usinage et de précision d'assemblage. De plus, la procédure d'assemblage est relativement simple, réduisant considérablement la difficulté de traitement et le coût de ce type de batterie à haute capacité pourvue d'un système partagé.
PCT/CN2024/096989 2023-06-06 2024-06-03 Processus de préparation de batterie à haute capacité Ceased WO2024251065A1 (fr)

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CN202310662884.6 2023-06-06
CN202310662884 2023-06-06
CN202311819170.8 2023-12-27
CN202311819170.8A CN119092775A (zh) 2023-06-06 2023-12-27 一种大容量电池的制备工艺

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PCT/CN2024/096994 Ceased WO2024251069A1 (fr) 2023-06-06 2024-06-03 Batterie à haute capacité et logement externe

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CN119092774A (zh) * 2023-06-06 2024-12-06 双澳储能科技（西安）有限公司 一种大容量电池的制备工艺
CN119092775A (zh) * 2023-06-06 2024-12-06 双澳储能科技（西安）有限公司 一种大容量电池的制备工艺

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