WO2024251064A1 - Processus de préparation d'une batterie à haute capacité - Google Patents

Processus de préparation d'une batterie à haute capacité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024251064A1
WO2024251064A1 PCT/CN2024/096988 CN2024096988W WO2024251064A1 WO 2024251064 A1 WO2024251064 A1 WO 2024251064A1 CN 2024096988 W CN2024096988 W CN 2024096988W WO 2024251064 A1 WO2024251064 A1 WO 2024251064A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cover plate
electrolyte
shell
cylinder
hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/096988
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
雷政军
陈孟奇
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D Aus Energy Storage Technology Xian Co Ltd
Original Assignee
D Aus Energy Storage Technology Xian Co Ltd
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Filing date
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Publication of WO2024251064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024251064A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
    • H01M50/512—Connection only in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/673—Containers for storing liquids; Delivery conduits therefor
    • H01M50/682—Containers for storing liquids; Delivery conduits therefor accommodated in battery or cell casings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and specifically to a preparation process for large-capacity batteries.
  • An existing large-capacity battery as shown in FIG1 , includes a battery pack body formed by a plurality of single cells connected in parallel and a shared pipe assembly located at the bottom of the battery pack body; the shared pipe assembly is used to connect the inner cavities of the plurality of single cells so that all the single cells in the battery pack are in one electrolyte system.
  • the battery pack can enhance the uniformity of the electrolyte of each single cell in the battery pack through the shared pipe assembly, improve the cycle life, and can also replenish the electrolyte for the battery pack through the shared pipe assembly, thereby extending the service life of the battery pack and improving the safety of the battery pack.
  • this type of shared pipeline assembly is formed by directly sealing and plugging multiple sections of sub-pipes 01 and intermediate connecting pipes 02 that are interference fit with each other; at this time, the multiple sections of sub-pipes 01 are arranged one by one on the lower cover plate 03 of the single battery, and the sub-pipes extend along the arrangement direction of the single battery 2, and are extruded integrally with the lower cover plate 03, and are connected to the opening of the lower cover plate 03.
  • the two ends of the sub-pipeline 01 are used as connecting ends with the middle connecting tube 02 .
  • one end of the sub-pipeline on the two single cells is squeezed into the two ends of the middle connecting tube 02 .
  • the shared pipeline assembly requires that each sub-pipeline 01 and the intermediate connecting pipe 02 be coaxial during the plugging process to achieve effective connection.
  • the coaxiality of each sub-pipeline and the intermediate connecting pipe 02 is difficult to ensure due to the following reasons:
  • the sub-pipeline and the lower cover are an integrated part. If the position of the sub-pipeline on the lower cover is slightly deviated, or the size of each sub-pipeline is slightly deviated, the coaxiality of each sub-pipeline will deviate when plugged in;
  • this solution may cause the sub-pipes to be displaced relative to the lower cover plate, or the lower cover plate to be displaced relative to the cylinder during insertion, thereby causing damage to the battery.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a preparation process for large-capacity batteries to overcome the problem that existing large-capacity batteries share pipeline components that are difficult to assemble.
  • the technical solution of the present application is to provide a preparation process of a large-capacity battery, which is special in that it includes the following steps:
  • the semi-finished shell comprising a cylinder with two opposite open ends and a first cover plate fixed to any open end of the cylinder, the first cover plate being provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber;
  • the second cover plate is sealed and welded to the open end of the top of the cylinder body, and after each single cell pole extends out of the corresponding third through hole on the second cover plate, the second cover plate area corresponding to the third through hole is fixedly sealed to the single cell housing;
  • the present invention places a plurality of single cells in a semi-finished shell with a shared electrolyte chamber, uses a second cover plate to seal the cylinder, and opens holes in the shell of the single cells through the unpacking process, so that the shared electrolyte chamber and the electrolyte area of each single cell cavity are connected, and the electrolyte of each single cell is shared to ensure The consistency of each single cell, that is, the electrolyte chambers of each single cell are connected so that the electrolytes of all single cells are in the same system, which reduces the differences between the electrolytes of each single cell and improves the consistency between each single cell to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of large-capacity batteries to a certain extent.
  • the electrolyte sharing chamber of the present application is formed on the first cover plate, and does not need to be plugged in.
  • the arrangement direction of the single battery cells there is no need to consider the coaxial plugging problem, and the requirements for processing accuracy and assembly accuracy are relatively low.
  • no special tooling is required, and the assembly process is relatively simple, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty and processing cost of such large-capacity batteries with a shared system, and can realize mass production.
  • the poles of each single cell of the present application extend out of the top of the shell (the top of the shell is the second cover plate.
  • the gap between the pole and the shell needs to be sealed).
  • the pole has a better heat dissipation effect; in addition, when the pole extends out of the shell, if the battery temperature is too high, it is also convenient to use heat exchange equipment to timely remove the heat of the pole, so as to ensure that such large-capacity batteries operate at the optimal temperature.
  • the large-capacity battery manufacturing process of the present application requires the operation of capacity sorting and sorting each single battery in order to maintain the consistency of multiple single batteries in the initial state of the battery module.
  • multiple single cells are directly installed in a sealed housing, and the multiple single cells are in a unified electrolyte system (equivalent to multiple single cells forming a large-capacity battery cell), which reduces the differences between the single cells. Therefore, the production process of the large-capacity battery can omit the work of capacity separation and sorting, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery and also improving the production efficiency of the large-capacity battery.
  • the step of processing the second cover plate further includes:
  • the unpacking steps also include:
  • the present application forms a second channel on the second cover plate as a gas chamber; during the unpacking process, a hole is opened in the single battery shell so that the gas area of the inner cavity of each single battery is connected with the gas chamber, This makes the gas paths of each single cell connected, and the gases of all single cells are in the same environment, achieving gas balance, reducing the differences between each single cell, improving the consistency between each single cell, and further improving the cycle life of large-capacity batteries.
  • the semi-finished shell of the present application can be a split part or an integrated part; when it is a split part, an aluminum extrusion process is used to integrally form a cylinder with two relatively open ends, and an aluminum extrusion process or a casting process is used to integrally form a first cover plate, and then the first cover plate is sealed and fixed to any open end of the cylinder.
  • a casting process is used to integrally form the semi-finished shell. Compared with the structure of the split setting, the leakage points are further reduced, and it is easier to make the entire shell a better closed system, but the casting process has a draft angle, which needs to be corrected later.
  • a hole is opened in the single battery shell by using external force or the electrolyte itself, and after the inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber and the electrolyte area of the inner cavity of each single battery are connected, it also includes the step of injecting electrolyte into the inner cavity of each single battery through the electrolyte shared chamber to form the entire large-capacity battery.
  • a plurality of single cells that have been sorted by capacity are arranged in the semi-finished outer shell.
  • a sealing connector is added between the third through hole and the pole, and the outer shell area corresponding to the third through hole is fixedly sealed with the single cell housing by the sealing connector;
  • the second cover plate is seal-welded to the open end of the top of the cylinder, and after each single cell pole and the hollow component extend out of the corresponding third through hole on the second cover plate, the top of the hollow component is seal-connected to the second area of the second cover plate; the second area is the area corresponding to any one of the third through holes on the second cover plate.
  • the present application places multiple single cells in a housing, which is a split structure, including a cylinder that can accommodate multiple single cells, and a first cover plate and a second cover plate that seal the open end of the cylinder.
  • An electrolyte sharing chamber is provided on the first cover plate, and the electrolyte sharing chamber is connected with the electrolyte area of the inner cavity of each single cell located in the outer shell, so that the electrolyte of each single cell is shared to ensure the consistency of each single cell, that is, the electrolyte chamber of each single cell is connected so that the electrolyte of all single cells is in the same system, which reduces the difference between the electrolytes of each single cell, improves the consistency between each single cell to a certain extent, and thus improves the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.
  • the electrolyte shared chamber of the present application does not need to be plugged in, and there is no need to consider the coaxial plug-in problem in the arrangement direction of the single battery cells, and the requirements for processing accuracy and assembly accuracy are relatively low. At the same time, no special tooling is required, and the assembly process is relatively simple, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty and processing cost of such large-capacity batteries with a shared system, and can realize mass production.
  • the present application can place each single battery from the open end of the top of the cylinder into the inner cavity of the semi-finished shell, which is convenient for assembly.
  • the poles of each single cell in the present application extend out of the top of the shell (the top of the shell here is the second cover plate.
  • the gap between the pole and the shell needs to be sealed).
  • the pole has a better heat dissipation effect; in addition, when the pole extends out of the shell, if the battery temperature is too high, it is also convenient to use heat exchange equipment to timely export the heat of the pole in the later stage, which can ensure that such large-capacity batteries operate at the optimal temperature.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery structure in the background art
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 1;
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a large-capacity battery explosion in Example 1;
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a commercially available square shell battery in Example 1;
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the housing structure in Example 1;
  • FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first cover plate in Example 1;
  • FIG7 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the first cover plate in Example 1;
  • FIG8 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the first cover plate in Example 1 (the electrolyte sharing chamber is tubular);
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second cover plate in Example 1.
  • FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-capacity battery after a heat transfer connector is added in Example 1;
  • FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat transfer connector in Example 1.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second cover plate in Example 2.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the housing structure in Example 3.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the cylinder structure in Example 4.
  • orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms “top, bottom” and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.
  • first, second, third, fourth are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
  • the large-capacity battery involved in the present application includes a shell and a plurality of single cells arranged in parallel in the shell; the single cells described here can be square shell batteries or multiple commercially available soft-pack batteries connected in parallel.
  • the inner cavity of each single cell includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.
  • each single cell in the shell can be set according to specific needs.
  • the shell can be a square shell, and each single cell can be arranged along the length of the shell.
  • the outer shell can also be a cylindrical hollow shell, and each single battery can be arranged along the circumference of the outer shell.
  • the stability of the square shell battery in the cylindrical hollow shell is more difficult to ensure.
  • the energy density of the energy storage device formed by such large-capacity batteries is general, but the large-capacity battery of this structure has better heat dissipation performance.
  • the present application prefers a square shell as the outer shell.
  • the housing of this application can adopt the following structural forms, taking a rectangular housing as an example:
  • the outer shell is a split structure, including a cylinder with open top and bottom, a first cover plate and a second cover plate;
  • This type of cylinder structure can be formed by aluminum extrusion:
  • a cylinder with open top and bottom is formed by aluminum extrusion, and then a first cover plate with an electrolyte sharing chamber is processed and fixed to the open end of the bottom of the cylinder.
  • the cylinder and the first cover plate may also be an integral part, and may generally be integrally formed by a casting process
  • the outer shell is a split structure, including a cylinder with open top and bottom, a second cover plate, and a hollow box that can be used as a shared chamber for electrolyte;
  • this type of cylinder structure can be formed by aluminum extrusion:
  • an aluminum extrusion method is used to form a cylinder with open top and bottom, and then a hollow box is covered on the open end of the bottom of the cylinder and sealed to the open end.
  • the inner cavity of the hollow box is connected with the electrolyte area of each single battery, and the open end of the top of the cylinder is sealed by the second cover (each single battery pole needs to extend out of the cover) to ensure that the electrolyte does not contact the outside.
  • the cylinder of this scheme is formed by welding four rectangular plates. However, due to the large number of welds, the overall strength and sealing of the cylinder are relatively poor.
  • the length direction of the shell is defined as the x direction
  • the width direction of the shell is defined as the y direction
  • the height direction of the shell is defined as the z direction.
  • the large-capacity battery of this embodiment includes 9 single cells 2 connected in parallel.
  • the quantity can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the single cell 2 is a square shell battery, which includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a cylinder and a battery cell assembly; the battery cell assembly described here can also be referred to as an electrode assembly, which is arranged in sequence by a positive electrode, a diaphragm, and a negative electrode, and is assembled by a lamination or winding process.
  • the upper cover plate, the cylinder, and the lower cover plate constitute the single cell shell, and the battery cell assembly is arranged in the single cell shell.
  • the housing 1 of this embodiment is a rectangular housing, comprising a cylindrical body 4 with a rectangular cross section and open ends at the top and bottom, a first cover plate 5 covering the open end at the bottom of the cylindrical body 4, and a second cover plate 6 covering the open end at the top.
  • the first cover plate 5 is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 7.
  • the first cover plate 5 can adopt different structural forms, but it is necessary to ensure the sealing of the connection part between it and the bottom open end of the cylinder 4 when it covers the bottom open end of the cylinder 4, and it is necessary to ensure that the inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber 7 set on the first cover plate 5 and the inner cavity of each single battery 2 are connected.
  • a flat plate that matches the shape of the bottom open end of the cylinder 4 is selected as the first cover plate 5, and the sealing between the first cover plate 5 and the bottom open end of the cylinder 4 is ensured by welding the first cover plate 5 to the edge of the bottom open end of the cylinder 4.
  • the cylinder 4 is a rectangular cylinder, so the flat plate is a rectangular flat plate, and the area can be slightly larger than the area of the bottom open end of the cylinder 4, and it is fixed to the bottom open end of the cylinder 4 by fusion welding; the area can also be slightly smaller than the area of the bottom open end of the cylinder 4, and it is fixed to the bottom open end of the cylinder 4 by embedding welding.
  • the structure of the first cover plate 5 and the electrolyte shared chamber 7 in this embodiment may be the structure shown in FIG5 and FIG6, and a first channel extending along the length direction of the first cover plate 5 is provided on the first cover plate 5 as the electrolyte shared chamber 7.
  • the first channel may also be formed directly on the first cover plate 5 by using a bending or aluminum extrusion process, and the inner surface of the first cover plate 5 is raised in a direction away from the inner surface of the first cover plate 5.
  • the first channels in Figures 5, 6 and 7 all protrude in a direction away from the top of the cylinder. It should be noted that the electrolyte sharing chamber 7 in Figure 7 is open at both ends and needs to be sealed.
  • the structure of the first cover plate 5 and the electrolyte sharing chamber 7 of this embodiment can also be the structure shown in FIG8 .
  • the electrolyte sharing chamber 7 is a hollow tube, and the cross section can be rectangular or circular. It is an integral part with the first cover plate 5, and can be formed by aluminum extrusion process like the cylinder 4.
  • a hollow tube is used as the electrolyte sharing chamber 7, it is necessary to open a second through hole 8 that penetrates the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 7 on the tube wall and the first cover plate 5, so that the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 7 and the inner cavity of each single battery 2 are connected.
  • each second through hole 8 there can be multiple second through holes 8, and the number is equal to that of each single battery 2, and each second through hole 8 corresponds to and is connected with the first through hole; or a long strip-shaped second through hole 8 extending along the length direction of the electrolyte shared chamber 7 can be directly opened in the first cover plate 5 and the electrolyte shared chamber 7, and the size of the second through hole 8 needs to ensure that when the first cover plate 5 is welded to the open end at the bottom of the cylinder 4, the second through hole 8 is connected with the first through holes of all the single batteries 2.
  • an injection port may be further provided in the electrolyte shared chamber 7. After the inner cavities of each single cell 2 and the electrolyte shared chamber are connected, electrolyte may be injected again into the inner cavities of each single cell 2 and the electrolyte shared chamber through the injection port to ensure the continuity of the electrolyte. The electrolyte may also be replaced later through the injection port.
  • the structure of the second cover plate 6 of this embodiment is shown in FIG9 , and a third through hole 9 is provided on the second cover plate 6 to allow the poles of each single battery 2 to extend out; the second cover plate 6 covers the open end at the top of the cylinder 4 and is sealed and connected to the open end; preferably, the shape of the second cover plate 6 is adapted to the shape of the open end at the top of the cylinder 4, which is a rectangular cylinder 4 in this embodiment, so the flat plate is a rectangular flat plate, and its area can be slightly larger than the area of the open end at the top of the cylinder 4, and it is fixed to the open end at the top of the cylinder 4 by fusion welding; the area can also be slightly smaller than the area of the open end at the top of the cylinder 4, and it is fixed to the open end at the top of the cylinder 4 by embedding welding.
  • Step 1 Process the housing 1, including the barrel 4, the first cover plate 5 with the electrolyte sharing chamber 7, and the second cover plate 6.
  • Step 2 seal-weld the first cover plate 5 with the electrolyte sharing chamber 7 to the open end at the bottom of the cylinder 4.
  • Step 3 sorting by capacity, screening multiple single cells that meet the requirements; opening a first through hole at the bottom of the single cell housing and sealing it with a sealing assembly; arranging multiple single cells with sealing assemblies at the first through holes in the cylinder 4 of step 2;
  • the first through hole with the sealing component needs to correspond to the first channel to ensure that after the sealing component is opened by external force or the electrolyte itself, the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single cell and the electrolyte shared chamber 7 are connected;
  • the seal needs to be The assembly corresponds to the second through hole 8, ensuring that after the sealing assembly is opened by external force or the electrolyte itself, the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single cell and the electrolyte sharing chamber 7 are connected;
  • the sealing component may adopt the sealing components disclosed in Chinese patents CN218525645U and CN218525614U.
  • Step 4 seal and weld the second cover plate 6 to the open end of the top of the cylinder 4.
  • the shells of some single cells 2 with smaller sizes in the z direction may have problems with poor welding or even be unable to be welded to the large-capacity battery shell, making it difficult to ensure the sealing of the third through hole 9 and the single cell shell.
  • a weak portion may be provided in the peripheral area of the third through hole 9.
  • the weak portion in this embodiment may be an annular groove with the center of the third through hole 9 as the center point and opened along the peripheral area of the third through hole 9.
  • the weak portion may also be a long strip groove opened in the peripheral area of the third through hole 9.
  • a sealing connector may also be provided between the third through hole 9 and the pole, the sealing connector comprising a hollow member; the bottom of the hollow member is used to be sealed and connected to the first area of the single cell, and the top of the hollow member is sealed and connected to the second area of the second cover plate; the first area is the area around any pole in the upper cover plate of any single cell; the second area is the area corresponding to any third through hole on the second cover plate.
  • the area corresponding to the third through hole is the surrounding area on the outer surface of the second cover plate corresponding to any third through hole; or the area corresponding to the third through hole is the wall of the third through hole.
  • the area around the pole is the area around the insulating seal on the pole.
  • the insulating seal is a part on the single cell used to insulate the pole from the upper cover plate.
  • first cover plate 5, the second cover plate 6 and the open end of the cylinder 4 may also be fixed by bonding or screwing.
  • the sealing performance or connection reliability is relatively weak.
  • Step 5 Use external force or the electrolyte itself to open the sealing component, and the electrolyte in the shared chamber 7
  • the inner cavity of the battery is connected with the electrolyte area of each single cell.
  • the electrolytes in the inner cavities of each single cell 2 are connected through the electrolyte shared chamber 7.
  • the electrolyte can be injected into the electrolyte shared chamber 7 to ensure the continuity of the electrolyte.
  • the single cells 2 are connected in parallel.
  • the single cells 2 may be connected in parallel between step 4 and step 5.
  • the heat transfer connector 13 shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 can be used to connect all the single cells 2 in parallel.
  • the heat transfer connector 13 is a slender member, which is used to connect to the positive or negative electrode of each single cell 2; and a clamping portion for installing a heat transfer tube is provided on the slender member along the axial direction.
  • the present embodiment adds a gas chamber 10 on the second cover plate 6 to serve as a gas sharing chamber or an explosion relief channel.
  • the structure of the second cover plate 6 in this embodiment is similar to that of the first cover plate 5 in Embodiment 1, and the gas chamber 10 may be a second channel formed on the second cover plate 6, and the second channel protrudes in a direction away from the bottom of the cylinder.
  • the second channel may also be formed integrally with the second cover plate 6 by bending or aluminum extrusion process.
  • the gas chamber 10 may also be a hollow tube disposed on the second cover plate 6, and may be integrally formed with the second cover plate 6 by aluminum extrusion, and its structure is shown in Figure 12.
  • the second cover plate 6 and the tubular gas chamber 10 may be separate structures, but the processing is more complicated.
  • a fifth through hole penetrating the inner cavity of each single cell 2 needs to be opened on the top of the shell of each single cell 2;
  • the second channel structure When the gas chamber 10 of the second channel structure is selected, after the second cover plate 6 is fixed to the open end of the top of the cylinder 4, the second channel is directly connected to the gas area of the inner cavity of each single battery through the fifth through hole. Pass.
  • a fourth through hole penetrating the inner cavity of the gas chamber 10 needs to be opened on the tube wall and the second cover plate 6.
  • the gas chamber 10 is connected to the gas area of the inner cavity of each single battery 2 through the fourth through hole and the fifth through hole.
  • the size of the fourth through hole needs to ensure that when the second cover plate 6 is welded to the open end of the top of the cylinder 4, the fourth through hole is connected to the fifth through holes of all single batteries 2.
  • an exhaust valve and an explosion-proof membrane can be set on the gas chamber 10, or only an exhaust valve can be set; the exhaust valve can be opened manually or automatically, and the exhaust valve is opened regularly, and the gas in the gas zone of each single battery 2 can be discharged through the gas chamber 10 and the exhaust valve; when the explosion-proof membrane is set, the exhaust valve and the explosion-proof membrane are located at both ends of the gas chamber 10, and the explosion-proof membrane is used to break through the explosion-proof membrane and discharge the hollow component when any single battery 2 has thermal runaway, so that this type of large-capacity battery has higher safety performance.
  • the gas chamber 10 When the gas chamber 10 is used as an explosion relief channel, the gas chamber 10 covers the explosion relief portion on the top of each single battery 2. When the explosion relief portion of any single battery 2 is broken by the internal smoke, the gas area in the internal cavity of the single battery 2 is connected to the internal cavity of the gas chamber 10.
  • the explosion relief part described in this embodiment includes an explosion relief opening or explosion-proof opening with an explosion relief membrane arranged on the top of the single battery 2, or an explosion relief opening with an explosion relief valve, etc.
  • the housing 1 of this embodiment adopts the second structural form mentioned above, and its structure is shown in FIG. 13 , including a cylinder 4, a second cover plate 6 and a hollow box 14 serving as a shared chamber for electrolyte.
  • the structure and forming method of the cylinder 4 and the second cover plate 6 are the same as those of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, and will not be described in detail here;
  • the hollow box 14 covers the open end of the bottom of the cylinder 4, and its top is sealed and connected to the open end of the bottom of the cylinder 4; it can be connected by welding or gluing, but welding has relatively higher sealing and connection reliability, so this embodiment adopts welding.
  • the hollow box body 14 is a hollow box body 14 with a rectangular cross-section, and a second through hole 8 that penetrates the first through hole is opened on the top of the hollow box body 14.
  • the inner cavity of the hollow box body 14 is connected with the electrolyte area of the inner cavity of each single battery 2 through the first through hole and the second through hole 8; as above, there can be multiple second through holes 8, and the number is equal to that of each single battery 2, and each second through hole 8 corresponds to and penetrates the first through hole one by one; it is also possible to directly open a long strip-shaped second through hole 8 extending along the length direction of the hollow box body 14 on the top of the hollow box body 14, and the size of the second through hole 8 needs to ensure that when the hollow box body 14 is welded to the open end at the bottom of the cylinder 4, the second through hole 8 penetrates the first through holes of all the single batteries 2.
  • the preparation process is basically the same as that in the above embodiment and will not be described in detail here.
  • a plurality of partitions 15 are provided in the inner cavity of the cylinder 4 to divide the inner cavity of the cylinder 4 into a plurality of mounting cavities for the single battery cells 2 .
  • FIG14 The specific structure is shown in FIG14 .
  • a single cell 2 is fixed in each single cell 2 installation cavity.
  • the side walls of each single cell 2 near the middle part are in contact with the partition 15.
  • the two single cells 2 near the outermost part have one side wall in contact with the partition 15 and the other side wall in contact with the side wall of the cylinder 4.
  • the installation stability of each single cell 2 in the housing can be improved.
  • It can prevent the individual cells 2 from swelling, which would lead to reduced cycle performance of large-capacity batteries.
  • the heat generated during the charging and discharging of the individual cells 2 can be transmitted to the outside through the partition 15, reducing the risk of thermal runaway.
  • the strength of the cylinder 4 can also be enhanced.
  • Two or more single cells 2 may be fixed in each single cell 2 installation cavity.
  • the partition 15 and the rectangular cylinder 4 can be extruded as a whole.
  • two or more sub-rectangular cylinders 4 can be extruded first, and then the sub-rectangular cylinders 4 are spliced and welded to form a rectangular cylinder 4 of the required size.
  • two sub-rectangular cylinders 4 that can accommodate five single cells 2 can be extruded, and the extra single cell 2 installation cavity can be used as an electrolyte storage tank.
  • the electrolyte storage tank is connected to the electrolyte sharing chamber and is used to add electrolyte to such large-capacity batteries.
  • each reinforcing rib 11 is located in the middle of the side wall of the single cell 2 installation cavity.
  • the second cover plate 6 excluding the gas chamber can be eliminated, and the edge of the upper cover plate of each single battery 2 is sealed and welded to the top open end of each single battery 2 installation cavity, so that the top open end of the cylinder 4 is sealed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

Processus de préparation d'une batterie à haute capacité, le processus de préparation comprenant les étapes d'usinage d'une coque (1), d'assemblage d'une coque semi-finie (1), de préfabrication de cellules (2), d'installation des cellules préfabriquées (2) dans la coque semi-finie (1) et de scellement, d'ouverture et de connexion en parallèle. Une pluralité de cellules triée par capacité (2) pourvue d'un ensemble d'étanchéité est placée à l'intérieur de la coque semi-finie (1) possédant une chambre de partage d'électrolyte (7) ; une cartouche (4) est scellée avec une seconde plaque de recouvrement (6) ; et l'ensemble d'étanchéité est ouvert par un processus d'ouverture, de telle sorte que la chambre de partage d'électrolyte (7) est en communication avec une zone d'électrolyte d'une cavité interne de chaque cellule (2), et l'électrolyte de chaque cellule (2) est partagé pour assurer la cohérence de chaque cellule (2), ce qui permet de prolonger la durée de vie de la batterie à haute capacité. La chambre de partage d'électrolyte (7) est formée dans une première plaque de recouvrement (5) et n'a pas besoin d'être enfichée, de telle sorte que les exigences de précision d'usinage et de précision d'assemblage sont faibles.
PCT/CN2024/096988 2023-06-06 2024-06-03 Processus de préparation d'une batterie à haute capacité Ceased WO2024251064A1 (fr)

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CN202310662911.X 2023-06-06
CN202310662911 2023-06-06
CN202311819167.6 2023-12-27
CN202311819167.6A CN119092774A (zh) 2023-06-06 2023-12-27 一种大容量电池的制备工艺

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PCT/CN2024/096993 Ceased WO2024251068A1 (fr) 2023-06-06 2024-06-03 Batterie à haute capacité et son boîtier
PCT/CN2024/096988 Ceased WO2024251064A1 (fr) 2023-06-06 2024-06-03 Processus de préparation d'une batterie à haute capacité

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