WO2024251750A1 - Procede de securisation d'une fonction de parc dans un systeme de freinage d'aeronef - Google Patents
Procede de securisation d'une fonction de parc dans un systeme de freinage d'aeronef Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024251750A1 WO2024251750A1 PCT/EP2024/065362 EP2024065362W WO2024251750A1 WO 2024251750 A1 WO2024251750 A1 WO 2024251750A1 EP 2024065362 W EP2024065362 W EP 2024065362W WO 2024251750 A1 WO2024251750 A1 WO 2024251750A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solenoid valve
- aircraft
- parking
- brakes
- protection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
- B60T8/1701—Braking or traction control means specially adapted for particular types of vehicles
- B60T8/1703—Braking or traction control means specially adapted for particular types of vehicles for aircrafts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C25/00—Alighting gear
- B64C25/32—Alighting gear characterised by elements which contact the ground or similar surface
- B64C25/42—Arrangement or adaptation of brakes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T2270/00—Further aspects of brake control systems not otherwise provided for
- B60T2270/40—Failsafe aspects of brake control systems
- B60T2270/402—Back-up
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T2270/00—Further aspects of brake control systems not otherwise provided for
- B60T2270/40—Failsafe aspects of brake control systems
- B60T2270/406—Test-mode; Self-diagnosis
Definitions
- the invention relates to hydraulic braking circuits for aircraft comprising a parking function.
- Figure 1 illustrates a hydraulic braking circuit 1 for an aircraft known per se operating from a hydraulic generation 100 comprising a pressure source 101 and a return reservoir 102.
- the hydraulic braking system comprises:
- a secondary pressure source in the form here of an accumulator 2 supplied by the pressure source 101 and associated with a non-return valve 4 and a pressure limiting valve 5;
- solenoid valve 6 for selectively supplying one or more servovalves 7a, 7b, each applying an adjusted pressure to pistons of hydraulic brake crowns 12a, 12b equipping wheels 11a, 11b carried by landing gears of the aircraft to brake said wheels;
- At least one brake control unit 14 which controls the solenoid valve 6 and controls the servovalves 7a, 7b independently of each other by means of electrical signals corresponding to the desired pressure in each brake in response to a brake instruction. braking generated by the pilot or other aircraft systems;
- Such a braking system includes a parking function to activate the brakes to immobilize the aircraft in parking when it is stationary. This function is achieved by:
- a parking brake control unit 16 controlling the parking solenoid valve 13 according to the driver's request to apply parking pressure in the brakes 12a, 12b.
- the involuntary application of pressure above a certain threshold in the brakes causes the wheels concerned to lock, resulting in the tire bursting.
- the loss of at least one tire on one of the braked wheels has the effect of increasing the braking distance, with the tire bursting on all the braked wheels risking taking the aircraft beyond the runway threshold.
- the aircraft system commonly includes a three-way/two-position safety solenoid valve 6 located upstream of the servovalves 7a, 7b in order to connect the hydraulic supply port of these servovalves either with the pressure source 101 and the accumulator 2 when the safety solenoid valve 6 is commanded, or with the return 102 when the safety solenoid valve 6 is at rest.
- the brake control unit 14 does not apply any electrical command to the safety solenoid valve 6 and the servovalves 7a, 7b as long as the pilot or another system does not request to brake the aircraft.
- This type of architecture avoids inadvertently pressurizing the brakes via the servovalves 7a, 7b, which constitutes a catastrophic event.
- the park solenoid valve 13 is always hydraulically supplied at its supply port as long as the external hydraulic generation 100 is in service or the hydraulic accumulator 2 is filled, which is always the case for the aircraft during taxiing, takeoff, landing operations, but also during the flight phases. Consequently, the parking solenoid valve 13 must be designed so that it cannot experience any simple failure that could lead to unwanted pressurization of the brakes via the shuttle valves 8a, 8b. Satisfying this constraint involves complex design and integration choices, such as the use of an electric motor type actuator, which has the disadvantage of being expensive, bulky and heavy. In addition, this solution requires a device for controlling the electric motor(s) of the solenoid valve 13 that can be integrated into the parking brake control unit 16.
- the invention aims to propose a simple method for securing the park function, preventing any simple breakdown from leading to a catastrophic event.
- a method for securing a parking function of a hydraulic braking circuit supplying brakes of braked wheels carried by landing gear of an aircraft, the hydraulic circuit comprising a parking solenoid valve having a service port connected to the brakes and a supply port connected in the rest position to a hydraulic return of the aircraft, the parking solenoid valve being controllable to connect said supply port with a pressure source so as to selectively transmit to the brakes of the aircraft a pressure sufficient to cause the actuation of the brakes ensuring the immobilization of the aircraft, the method of the invention comprising the steps of: arranging in series with the parking solenoid valve a protection solenoid valve allowing at rest the supply of pressure to the brakes via the parking solenoid valve, and which is controllable to prohibit the supply of pressure to the brakes via the parking solenoid valve; control the protection solenoid valve at least in a situation where a failure of the parking solenoid valve may induce unwanted braking.
- the presence of the protection solenoid valve makes it possible to accept cases of simple failure of the parking solenoid valve while ensuring that these simple failures cannot lead to catastrophic situations, a possible simple failure of the parking solenoid valve being neutralized by the actuation of the protection solenoid valve which prevents an unwanted application of pressure in the brakes.
- the control of the protection solenoid valve intervenes in a situation of failure of the solenoid valve, either curatively when the unwanted braking has already occurred, which makes the aircraft controllable on the ground again, or preventively to prevent any unwanted braking likely to occur.
- This arrangement makes it possible to considerably simplify the design of the park solenoid valve, which can then be satisfied with a simple solenoid actuation rather than based on electric motors.
- This arrangement also makes it possible to simplify the installation of the park solenoid valve within the aircraft, but also to reduce its mass and its size, while improving the safety of the aircraft.
- the protection solenoid valve is arranged upstream of the park solenoid valve, between the latter and a source of pressure.
- the protection solenoid valve is of the three-way/two-position type.
- pressure information from a pressure sensor located on a hydraulic line between the park solenoid valve and the protection solenoid valve is used.
- control of the protection solenoid valve is developed taking into account the following information:
- a switch is placed on an electrical line carrying the control of the protection solenoid valve, the switch being normally closed, and controllable to be open, thus preventing any possible control of the protection solenoid valve.
- the protection solenoid valve is of the two-way/two-position type. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the protection solenoid valve is arranged downstream of the parking solenoid valve, between the latter and the brakes.
- FIG. 1 Figure 1, already commented on, is a diagram of an aircraft hydraulic braking circuit according to the prior art
- Figure 2 is a diagram of a hydraulic braking circuit according to a first embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3a Figure 3a is the beginning of a flowchart describing the test logic for verifying the proper functioning of the equipment providing parking braking;
- Figure 3b is the end of the flowchart started in Figure 3a;
- Figure 4 is an extract from a diagram of a hydraulic braking circuit according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 5 is a diagram of a hydraulic braking circuit according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- a protection solenoid valve 20 is arranged in series with the park solenoid valve 13, here upstream of the latter.
- the protection solenoid valve 20 is a three-way/two-position solenoid valve, the supply port of which is, in the rest position, connected to the pressure source 101 and to the accumulator 2, while the service port is connected to the supply port of the park solenoid valve 13.
- the protection solenoid valve 20 is thus interposed between the pressure source 101 (and the accumulator 2) and the park solenoid valve 13.
- the protection solenoid valve 20 In the rest position illustrated here, the protection solenoid valve 20 is normally conductive and connects its supply port with its service port so that the park solenoid valve 13 is supplied with pressure. When commanded, the protection solenoid valve 20 connects its service port to its return port connected to the return 102 of the hydraulic circuit so that the park solenoid valve 13 is no longer supplied with pressure.
- a pressure sensor 21 is placed on the hydraulic line connecting the protection solenoid valve 20 to the park solenoid valve 13, enabling the following monitoring to be carried out:
- the protection solenoid valve 20 is controlled, if the park solenoid valve 13 is not controlled, and if the pressure sensor 21 detects a pressure greater than a certain threshold, for example a threshold of 50 bars, then information is sent to the aircraft maintenance system indicating that the protection solenoid valve 20 is in a stuck open failure mode. • If the protection solenoid valve 20 is not controlled, if the pressure sensor 21 detects a pressure below a certain threshold, for example 50 bars, and if the pressure of the accumulator 2, measured by means of the pressure sensor 3, indicates a value greater than its pre-charge value, for example 100 bars, then information is sent to the aircraft maintenance system indicating that the protection solenoid valve 20 is in a blocked closed failure mode.
- a certain threshold for example a threshold of 50 bars
- the protection solenoid valve 20 is controlled according to the conditions in which the aircraft operates, and more particularly the conditions in which an untimely pressurization of one or more brakes would cause unfortunate consequences for the aircraft or the passengers. Conversely, the protection solenoid valve 20 may not be controlled in the conditions for which the actuation of the parking brake by the pilot is permitted, for example when the aircraft is stationary, or without major consequences, for example during taxiing or any other phase in which it is deemed that the protection provided by the protection solenoid valve is not essential.
- the protection solenoid valve 20 In order to minimize the electrical energy consumption for controlling the protection solenoid valve 20, it is preferably controlled only in the phases where the pressurization of one or more brakes by the parking solenoid valve 13 would be critical for the aircraft or its passengers. Another strategy, but less optimal in terms of electrical energy consumption, consists in controlling the protection solenoid valve 20 only in the phases where the parking solenoid valve 13 requires to be ordered.
- the control order of the protection solenoid valve 20 is preferably generated by the braking control unit 14, and is determined from measurement information and observations of states coming from sensors installed on the braking system but also from information coming from other systems, such as the landing gear extension/retraction system 22, or the aircraft navigation system providing in particular the speed and altitude of the aircraft.
- the information taken into account for the development of the control order of the protection solenoid valve 20 is as follows:
- the logic instructions implemented within the braking control unit 14 are as follows:
- the protection solenoid valve 20 is not controlled (this condition is encountered when the aircraft is in flight with the landing gears retracted);
- the protection solenoid valve 20 is controlled (this condition is met when the aircraft is approaching to land or just after takeoff); If at least one landing gear is depressed and if the rotation speed of at least one braked wheel is greater than or equal to a threshold speed Vc then: the protection solenoid valve 20 is controlled (this condition is met when the aircraft is in the taxiing phase at a speed greater than or equal to Vc);
- the protection solenoid valve 20 is not controlled (this condition is encountered when the aircraft is stationary or in the taxiing phase at a speed lower than a threshold speed Vc).
- the threshold speed Vc is defined so that in the event of untimely braking the consequences for the aircraft are not critical, for example a speed Vc of 20 Kts, which makes it possible to reduce the control time of the protection solenoid valve 20 and thus limit the electrical consumption.
- the logic instructions implemented within the braking control unit 14 are as follows:
- the protection valve is commanded (condition when the aircraft is on approach to land or just after take-off);
- the protection valve is controlled (condition when the aircraft is in the taxiing phase at a speed greater than or equal to Vc);
- the protection valve is not controlled (condition when the aircraft is stationary or taxiing at a speed lower than Vc);
- the protection valve is controlled (condition when the aircraft is in the taxiing phase at a speed greater than or equal to Vc);
- the protection valve is not controlled (condition when the aircraft is stationary or taxiing at a speed lower than Vc).
- the protection solenoid valve 20 is controlled when the aircraft is stationary in the event that the parking solenoid valve 13 is blocked in the open position in order to be able to depressurize the brakes and thus allow the aircraft to be towed.
- an electrical switch 23 is arranged on an electrical line carrying the control of the protection solenoid valve 20, the electrical switch 23 being controllable by the parking brake control unit 16.
- the switch 23 is normally closed. However, the driver can force the opening of this switch by controlling it via the parking brake control unit 16, which prevents any possible control of the protection solenoid valve 20, so that the parking solenoid valve 13 is thus supplied with pressure. This situation can occur in the event of a failure of the braking circuit, leading the driver to attempt emergency braking using the parking brake.
- the opening of the switch 23 ensures that, despite a command generated by the brake control unit 14, the protection solenoid valve 20 is in its rest position ensuring the pressure supply of the parking solenoid valve 13.
- the electrical switch 23 can be operated directly by maintenance personnel, for example to force the activation of the parking brake in case of failure of the parking brake control unit 16 or for ground tests of the protection solenoid valve 20.
- Monitoring the proper operation of the electrical switch 23 and the protection solenoid valve 20 is carried out during a functional test. This test can be carried out by observing the variation in the pressure level measured by the pressure sensor 21. Before controlling the park solenoid valve 13, the pressure must be below a given threshold, for example 50 bars. It is ensured that controlling the park solenoid valve 13 causes the switch 23 to open, which returns the protection solenoid valve 20 to the rest position if it was not already there, causing an increase in the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 21 above a certain threshold, for example 100 bars. In the event that this pressure level is not reached, information is sent to the maintenance system indicating that the switch 23 is stuck in the closed position.
- a given threshold for example 50 bars.
- the flowchart of Figures 3a and 3b describes an example of a functional test sequence for detecting the failure of one of the components performing the protection function of the parking solenoid valve 13.
- the parking solenoid valves 13 and the protection solenoid valve 20 are not controlled (they can however be faulty by being stuck open or closed).
- the three-way/two-position protection solenoid valve 20 is replaced by a two-way/two-position protection solenoid valve 20'.
- This alternative solution offers the advantage of removing a leak path between the supply port and the return port, which makes it possible to optimize the sizing of the hydraulic accumulator.
- a pressure sensor 21' is preferably arranged between the two solenoid valves to help detect failures.
- the protection solenoid valve 20'' is positioned still in series with the park solenoid valve 13, but this time downstream of the latter.
- a pressure sensor 21'' is preferably arranged between the two solenoid valves to help detect faults.
- the pressure sensors 10a, 10b used for the anti-skid function are used directly to provide a pressure measurement making it possible to monitor the proper operation of the park solenoid valves 13 and protection 20, thus avoiding the installation of the pressure sensor 21.
- the protection provided by the protective solenoid valve 20, in combination or not with the controlled switch 23, therefore makes it possible to prevent a simple failure of the parking solenoid valve 13 from leading to an unwanted braking situation or any other catastrophic situation. It is therefore possible to be satisfied with a single-actuated parking solenoid valve.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24730376.1A EP4719843A1 (fr) | 2023-06-05 | 2024-06-04 | Procede de securisation d'une fonction de parc dans un systeme de freinage d'aeronef |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2305631A FR3149298A1 (fr) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | Procédé de sécurisation d’une fonction de parc dans un système de freinage d’aéronef |
| FR2305631 | 2023-06-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024251750A1 true WO2024251750A1 (fr) | 2024-12-12 |
Family
ID=88207440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/065362 Ceased WO2024251750A1 (fr) | 2023-06-05 | 2024-06-04 | Procede de securisation d'une fonction de parc dans un systeme de freinage d'aeronef |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4719843A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3149298A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024251750A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2626013A (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2024-07-10 | Airbus Operations Ltd | Control device and method for an aircraft |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4251115A (en) * | 1973-04-02 | 1981-02-17 | Crane Co. | Hydraulic braking system |
| US20110187180A1 (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-04 | Messier-Bugatti | Hydraulic braking architecture for aircraft having brakes with half-cavities |
| EP4147922A1 (fr) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-03-15 | Goodrich Corporation | Systèmes et procédés pour détecter une défaillance de vanne d'arrêt pour un freinage non sollicité amélioré |
-
2023
- 2023-06-05 FR FR2305631A patent/FR3149298A1/fr active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-06-04 WO PCT/EP2024/065362 patent/WO2024251750A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2024-06-04 EP EP24730376.1A patent/EP4719843A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4251115A (en) * | 1973-04-02 | 1981-02-17 | Crane Co. | Hydraulic braking system |
| US20110187180A1 (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-04 | Messier-Bugatti | Hydraulic braking architecture for aircraft having brakes with half-cavities |
| EP4147922A1 (fr) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-03-15 | Goodrich Corporation | Systèmes et procédés pour détecter une défaillance de vanne d'arrêt pour un freinage non sollicité amélioré |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4719843A1 (fr) | 2026-04-08 |
| FR3149298A1 (fr) | 2024-12-06 |
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