WO2024252549A1 - ヘッドホン装置、音響信号出力方法 - Google Patents

ヘッドホン装置、音響信号出力方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024252549A1
WO2024252549A1 PCT/JP2023/021133 JP2023021133W WO2024252549A1 WO 2024252549 A1 WO2024252549 A1 WO 2024252549A1 JP 2023021133 W JP2023021133 W JP 2023021133W WO 2024252549 A1 WO2024252549 A1 WO 2024252549A1
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Prior art keywords
acoustic signal
signal output
sound
output device
sound source
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PCT/JP2023/021133
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
健司 清原
大将 千葉
達也 加古
彰 中山
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NTT Inc
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Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
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Priority to JP2025525517A priority Critical patent/JPWO2024252549A1/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2023/021133 priority patent/WO2024252549A1/ja
Publication of WO2024252549A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024252549A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a headphone device that is configured using multiple audio signal output devices.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 Technologies for localizing a virtual sound source at any position using multiple speakers include those described in Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2.
  • the virtual sound source is localized using the Head Related Transfer Function (HRTF).
  • HRTF Head Related Transfer Function
  • Non-Patent Document 2 the virtual sound source is localized by simulating the incoming wavefront around the ear using wave field synthesis.
  • the present invention aims to provide a headphone device that uses multiple audio signal output devices and localizes a virtual sound source at any position while minimizing the amount of calculations.
  • One aspect of the present invention is a headphone device including an acoustic signal output device array including acoustic signal output devices that realize localized reproduction based on a dipole sound source arranged to surround the auricle, and the input signal of the acoustic signal output device included in the acoustic signal output device array is a signal obtained by signal processing an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on a physical quantity determined by the positional relationship between the virtual sound source and the acoustic signal output device in order to localize the virtual sound source.
  • the present invention makes it possible to localize a virtual sound source at any position while minimizing the amount of calculation required.
  • FIG. 1 is a see-through perspective view illustrating the configuration of an acoustic signal output device 10.
  • Fig. 2A is a transparent plan view illustrating the configuration of the acoustic signal output device 10.
  • Fig. 2B is a transparent front view illustrating the configuration of the acoustic signal output device 10.
  • Fig. 2C is a bottom view illustrating the configuration of the acoustic signal output device 10.
  • Figure 3A is an end view of 2BA-2BA of Figure 2B
  • Figure 3B is an end view of 2A-2A of Figure 2A
  • Figure 3C is an end view of 2BC-2BC of Figure 2B.
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the arrangement of sound holes.
  • FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the arrangement of sound holes.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view illustrating the configuration of the headphone device 20.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating the configuration of the headphone device 20.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view illustrating the configuration of the headphone device 20.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a frame of the acoustic signal output device array 211.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an acoustic signal output device array 211 including four acoustic signal output devices 212 .
  • a headphone device including an audio signal output device array including a plurality of audio signal output devices that realize local reproduction based on a dipole sound source.
  • local reproduction based on a dipole sound source refers to reproduction utilizing the characteristic of a dipole sound source, in which the sound pressure is high only in the vicinity of the sound source and the sound pressure drops rapidly when moving away from the sound source.
  • the reproduction method using a plurality of such audio signal output devices is theoretically equivalent to reproduction of a sound field based on the second kind of Rayleigh integral derived from the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz integral equation (see Reference Non-Patent Document 1).
  • this reproduction method since the sound pressure is high only in the vicinity of each audio signal output device, sounds leaking from each audio signal output device do not interfere with each other, and it is possible to prevent amplification of sound leakage due to interference. Therefore, this reproduction method has the characteristic of less sound leakage to the surroundings.
  • a dipole sound source is a sound source in which a positive phase sound source and a negative phase sound source are arranged adjacent to each other.
  • a dipole sound source is described as an infinitesimal positive and negative dual sound source, the sound from the positive phase sound source and the sound from the negative phase sound source cancel each other out regardless of frequency, resulting in a directional characteristic of a figure of eight (see Reference Non-Patent Document 2).
  • the size of the sound source is actually finite, the cancellation area becomes wider as the frequency of the sound that is easily diffracted (i.e., the wavelength is long).
  • a single speaker driver unit can also be considered as a positive and negative dual sound source, so an acoustic signal output device that realizes local reproduction based on a dipole sound source can be configured using one speaker driver unit. An example of such a configuration will be described later.
  • the Rayleigh integral of the second kind is an integral of the product of sound pressure and a dipole function on the plane S1, but in practice, the Rayleigh integral of the second kind can be regarded as the sum of the products of sound pressure and dipole function when dipole sound sources are discretely arranged. Therefore, a reproduction method using a plurality of sound signal output devices that realizes local reproduction based on a dipole sound source can be said to correspond to reproduction of a sound field based on the Rayleigh integral of the second kind.
  • the acoustic signal output device 10 is an acoustic signal output device that outputs an acoustic signal from a dipole sound source, and can be used, for example, in open-ear headphones, which are acoustic listening devices worn without sealing the ear canal of a listener. As illustrated in Fig. 1, Fig. 2A, Fig. 2B, Fig. 2C, Fig. 3A, Fig. 3B, and Fig.
  • the acoustic signal output device 10 has a driver unit 11 that converts an output signal (electrical signal representing an acoustic signal) output from a playback device into an acoustic signal and outputs it, and a housing 12 that houses the driver unit 11 inside.
  • the driver unit (speaker driver unit) 11 is a device (device having a speaker function) that emits (emits sound) an acoustic signal AC1 (first acoustic signal) based on an input output signal to one side (D1 direction side) and emits an acoustic signal AC2 (second acoustic signal) that is an inverse phase signal (phase inversion signal) of the acoustic signal AC1 or an approximation signal of the inverse phase signal to the other side (D2 direction side).
  • the acoustic signal emitted from the driver unit 11 to one side is called the acoustic signal AC1 (first acoustic signal)
  • the acoustic signal emitted from the driver unit 11 to the other side is called the acoustic signal AC2 (second acoustic signal).
  • the driver unit 11 includes a diaphragm 113 that emits the acoustic signal AC1 from one surface 113a in the D1 direction by vibration and emits the acoustic signal AC2 from the other surface 113b in the D2 direction by this vibration (see FIG. 2B).
  • the driver unit 11 emits the acoustic signal AC1 from the surface 111 on one side in the D1 direction by vibrating the diaphragm 113 based on the input output signal, and emits the acoustic signal AC2, which is an inverse phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1 or an approximation of the inverse phase signal, from the other side 112 in the D2 direction. That is, the acoustic signal AC2 is emitted secondarily with the emission of the acoustic signal AC1.
  • the D2 direction (the other side) is, for example, the opposite direction to the D1 direction (one side), but the D2 direction does not need to be strictly the opposite direction to the D1 direction, as long as the D2 direction is different from the D1 direction.
  • the relationship between the one side (D1 direction) and the other side (D2 direction) depends on the type and shape of the driver unit 11.
  • the acoustic signal AC2 may be strictly an inverse phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1, or the acoustic signal AC2 may be an approximation of the inverse phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1.
  • the approximation signal of the opposite phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1 may be (1) a signal obtained by shifting the phase of the opposite phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1, (2) a signal obtained by changing (amplifying or attenuating) the amplitude of the opposite phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1, or (3) a signal obtained by shifting the phase of the opposite phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1 and further changing the amplitude.
  • the phase difference between the opposite phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1 and its approximation signal is desirably ⁇ 1 % or less of one period of the opposite phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1.
  • ⁇ 1 % are 1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 20%, etc.
  • the difference between the amplitude of the opposite phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1 and the amplitude of its approximation signal is desirably ⁇ 2 % or less of the amplitude of the opposite phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1.
  • Examples of ⁇ 2 % are 1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 20%, etc.
  • examples of the type of the driver unit 11 include a dynamic type, a balanced armature chair type, a hybrid type of a dynamic type and a balanced armature type, and a condenser type.
  • the shape of the driver unit 11 and the diaphragm 113 there is no limitation on the shape of the driver unit 11 and the diaphragm 113.
  • the outer shape of the driver unit 11 is a substantially cylindrical shape with both end faces, and the diaphragm 113 is a substantially disc shape, but this does not limit the acoustic signal output device 10.
  • the outer shape of the driver unit 11 may be a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the diaphragm 113 may be a dome shape.
  • examples of the acoustic signal are sounds such as music, voice, sound effects, and environmental sounds.
  • acoustic signal AC1 and acoustic signal AC2 are acoustic signals from a positive-phase sound source and a negative-phase sound source, respectively.
  • the housing 12 is a hollow member having a wall on the outside, and houses the driver unit 11 inside.
  • the driver unit 11 is fixed to the end of the housing 12 on the D1 direction side.
  • this does not limit the acoustic signal output device 10.
  • the shape of the housing 12 is rotationally symmetric (line symmetric) or approximately rotationally symmetric about the axis A1 extending along the D1 direction. This makes it easy to provide a sound hole 123a (described in detail later) so that the variation in the energy of the sound emitted from the housing 12 for each direction is reduced. As a result, it becomes easy to reduce sound leakage uniformly in each direction.
  • the housing 12 has a first end face which is a wall portion 121 arranged on one side (D1 direction side) of the driver unit 11, a second end face which is a wall portion 122 arranged on the other side (D2 direction side) of the driver unit 11, and a side face which is a wall portion 123 which surrounds the space between the first end face and the second end face and is centered on an axis line A1 passing through the first end face and the second end face (see FIG. 2B and FIG. 3B).
  • the housing 12 has a substantially cylindrical shape with both end faces.
  • the distance between the wall portion 121 and the wall portion 122 is 10 mm, and the walls 121 and 122 are circular with a radius of 10 mm.
  • the housing 12 may be a substantially dome-shaped shape with walls at the ends, a hollow substantially cubic shape, or any other three-dimensional shape.
  • the housing 12 may be made of a rigid body such as synthetic resin or metal, or may be made of an elastic body such as rubber.
  • the wall of the housing 12 is provided with a sound hole 121a (first sound hole) for guiding the acoustic signal AC1 (first acoustic signal) emitted from the driver unit 11 to the outside, and a sound hole 121b (second sound hole) for guiding the acoustic signal AC2 (first acoustic signal) emitted from the driver unit 11 to the outside.
  • the sound hole 121a and the sound hole 123a are, for example, through holes that penetrate the wall of the housing 12. However, this does not limit the acoustic signal output device 10. As long as the acoustic signals AC1 and AC2 can be output to the outside, the sound holes 121a and 123a do not have to be through holes. .
  • the acoustic signal AC1 emitted from the sound hole 121a reaches the ear canal of the listener and is heard by the listener.
  • an acoustic signal AC2 which is an inverse phase signal of the acoustic signal AC1 or an approximation of the inverse phase signal, is emitted from the sound hole 123a.
  • a part of this acoustic signal AC2 cancels out a part of the acoustic signal AC1 emitted from the sound hole 121a (sound leakage component).
  • the attenuation rate ⁇ 11 of the acoustic signal AC1 (first acoustic signal) at the position P2 (second point) based on the position P1 (first point) can be set to a predetermined value ⁇ th or less
  • the attenuation amount ⁇ 12 of the acoustic signal AC1 (first acoustic signal) at the position P2 (second point) based on the position P1 (first point) can be set to a predetermined value ⁇ th or more.
  • the position P1 (first point) is a predetermined point where the acoustic signal AC1 (first acoustic signal) emitted from the sound hole 121a (first sound hole) arrives.
  • the position P2 (second point) is a predetermined point that is farther away from the acoustic signal output device 10 than the position P1 (first point).
  • the predetermined value ⁇ th is a value smaller (lower) than the attenuation rate ⁇ 21 of an arbitrary or specific acoustic signal (sound) due to air propagation at a position P2 (second position) based on the position P1 (first position).
  • the predetermined value ⁇ th is a value larger than the attenuation amount ⁇ 22 of an arbitrary or specific acoustic signal (sound) due to air propagation at a position P2 (second position) based on the position P1 (first position). That is, the acoustic signal output device 10 is designed so that the attenuation rate ⁇ 11 is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value ⁇ th smaller than the attenuation rate ⁇ 21 , or the attenuation amount ⁇ 12 is equal to or larger than a predetermined value ⁇ th larger than the attenuation amount ⁇ 22.
  • the acoustic signal AC1 is propagated through the air from the position P1 to the position P2, and is attenuated due to this air propagation and the acoustic signal AC2.
  • the attenuation rate ⁇ 11 is the ratio (AMP2 (AC1)/AMP1(AC1)) of the magnitude AMP2 (AC1) of the acoustic signal AC1 at position P2 attenuated due to air propagation and acoustic signal AC2 to the magnitude AMP1 (AC1) of the acoustic signal AC1 at position P1.
  • the attenuation amount ⁇ 12 is the difference (
  • any or a specific acoustic signal ACar propagated through the air from position P1 to position P2 is attenuated due to air propagation, not due to the acoustic signal AC2.
  • the attenuation rate ⁇ 21 is the ratio ( AMP2(ACar)/AMP1 ( ACar )) of the magnitude AMP2 ( ACar ) of the acoustic signal ACar at position P2 attenuated due to air propagation (attenuation without being due to the acoustic signal AC2) to the magnitude AMP1( ACar ) of the acoustic signal ACar at position P1.
  • the attenuation amount ⁇ 22 is the difference (
  • the magnitude of the acoustic signal include the sound pressure of the acoustic signal or the energy of the acoustic signal.
  • the "sound leakage component" means, for example, a component of the acoustic signal AC1 emitted from the sound hole 121a that is likely to reach an area other than that of the listener wearing the acoustic signal output device 10 (for example, a person other than the listener wearing the acoustic signal output device 10).
  • the "sound leakage component” means a component of the acoustic signal AC1 that propagates in a direction other than the D1 direction.
  • the direct wave of the acoustic signal AC1 is mainly emitted from the sound hole 121a
  • the direct wave of the second acoustic signal is mainly emitted from the second sound hole.
  • a part of the direct wave of the acoustic signal AC1 emitted from the sound hole 121a (sound leakage component) is offset by interference with at least a part of the direct wave of the acoustic signal AC2 emitted from the sound hole 123a.
  • this does not limit the acoustic signal output device 10, and this offsetting can occur with other than direct waves.
  • the sound leakage component which is at least one of the direct wave and the reflected wave of the acoustic signal AC1 emitted from the sound hole 121a, may be cancelled out by at least one of the direct wave and the reflected wave of the acoustic signal AC2 emitted from the sound hole 123a. This makes it possible to suppress sound leakage.
  • the following shows an example of the arrangement of sound holes 121a and 123a.
  • Sound hole 121a (first sound hole) is provided in area AR1 (first area) of wall 121 arranged on one side of driver unit 11 (the D1 direction side where acoustic signal AC1 is emitted) (see Figures 1, 2A, 2B, and 3B). That is, sound hole 121a opens facing the D1 direction (first direction) along axis A1. Also, sound hole 123a (second sound hole) is provided in area AR3 of wall 123 adjacent to area AR between area AR1 (first area) of wall 121 of housing 12 and area AR2 (second area) of wall 122 arranged on the D2 direction side of driver unit 11 (the other side where acoustic signal AC2 is emitted).
  • the sound hole 121a first sound hole
  • the sound hole 123a second sound hole
  • the housing 12 has a first end face which is a wall portion 121 arranged on one side (D1 direction side) of the driver unit 11, a second end face which is a wall portion 122 arranged on the other side (D2 direction side) of the driver unit 11, and a side face which is a wall portion 123 which surrounds the space between the first end face and the second end face and is centered on an axis A1 along the emission direction (D1 direction) of the acoustic signal AC1 passing through the first end face and the second end face (see FIG. 2B and FIG. 3B), the sound hole 121a (first sound hole) is provided on the first end face, and the sound hole 123a (second sound hole) is provided on the side face.
  • no sound hole is provided on the wall portion 122 side of the housing 12. If a sound hole is provided on the wall portion 122 side of the housing 12, the sound pressure level of the acoustic signal AC2 emitted from the housing 12 exceeds the level necessary to offset the sound leakage component of the acoustic signal AC1, and the excess is perceived as sound leakage.
  • the sound hole 121a is disposed on or near the axis A1 along the emission direction (D1 direction) of the acoustic signal AC1.
  • the axis A1 passes through the center or near the center of the area AR1 (first area) of the wall 121 disposed on one side (D1 direction side) of the driver unit 11 of the housing 12.
  • the axis A1 is an axis extending in the D1 direction through the central area of the housing 12. That is, the sound hole 121a is provided at the central position of the area AR1 of the wall 121 of the housing 12.
  • the edge shape of the open end of the sound hole 121a is a circle (the open end is circular).
  • the radius of such a sound hole 121a is, for example, 3.5 mm.
  • this does not limit the acoustic signal output device 10.
  • the edge shape of the open end of the sound hole 121a may be other shapes such as an ellipse, a rectangle, a triangle, etc.
  • the open end of the sound hole 121a may be in a mesh pattern. In other words, the open end of the sound hole 121a may be composed of multiple holes.
  • one sound hole 121a is provided in the area AR1 (first area) of the wall 121 of the housing 12.
  • this does not limit the acoustic signal output device 10.
  • two or more sound holes 121a may be provided in the area AR1 (first area) of the wall 121 of the housing 12.
  • the sound hole 123a (second sound hole) be positioned taking into consideration the following points, for example:
  • Sound hole 123a is positioned so that the propagation path of the sound leakage component of sound signal AC1 to be cancelled overlaps with the propagation path of sound signal AC2 emitted from sound hole 123a.
  • the propagation area of the acoustic signal AC2 emitted from the sound hole 123a and the frequency characteristics of the housing 12 vary depending on the opening area of the sound hole 123a. Furthermore, the frequency characteristics of the housing 12 affect the frequency characteristics of the acoustic signal AC2 emitted from the sound hole 123a, i.e., the amplitude at each frequency. Taking into consideration the propagation area and frequency characteristics of the acoustic signal AC2 emitted from the sound hole 123a, the opening area of the sound hole 123a is determined so that in the area where the sound leakage components are to be cancelled out, the sound leakage components are cancelled out by the acoustic signal AC2 emitted from the sound hole 123a.
  • the sound hole 123a (second sound hole) be configured as follows, for example.
  • the sound holes 123a are provided along a circumference (circle) C1 centered on the axis A1 along the emission direction of the acoustic signal AC1 (first acoustic signal).
  • the acoustic signal AC2 is emitted radially (radially centered on the axis A1) from the sound holes 123a to the outside.
  • the sound leakage component of the acoustic signal AC1 is also emitted radially (radially centered on the axis A1) from the sound hole 121a to the outside.
  • the sound leakage component of the acoustic signal AC1 can be appropriately canceled by the acoustic signal AC2.
  • an example is shown in which multiple sound holes 123a are provided on the circumference C1.
  • the multiple sound holes 123a are provided along the circumference C1, and it is not necessary that all of the sound holes 123a are positioned strictly on the circumference C1.
  • the sum of the opening areas of the sound holes 123a (second sound holes) provided along a first arc region, which is any of the unit arc regions, is the same or approximately the same as the sum of the opening areas of the sound holes 123a (second sound holes) provided along a second arc region, which is any of the unit arc regions excluding the first arc region.
  • the sum of the opening areas of the sound holes 123a (second sound holes) provided along a first arc region which is any of the unit arc regions
  • the sum of the opening areas of the sound holes 123a (second sound holes) provided along a second arc region which is any of the unit arc regions excluding the first arc region.
  • the sum of the opening areas of the sound holes 123a (second sound holes) provided along a first arc region (for example, unit arc region C1-1) that is one of the unit arc regions C1-1, ..., C1-4 is the same or approximately the same as the sum of the opening areas of the sound holes 123a (second sound holes) provided along a second arc region (for example, unit arc region C1-2) that is one of the unit arc regions excluding the first arc region.
  • the sound pressure distribution of the acoustic signal AC2 emitted from the sound hole 123a provided along the first arc region and the sound pressure distribution of the acoustic signal AC2 emitted from the sound hole 123a provided along the second arc region are point symmetric or approximately point symmetric with respect to the axis A1.
  • the sums of the opening areas of the sound holes 123a (second sound holes) provided along each unit arc region are all the same or approximately the same.
  • the sound pressure distribution of the acoustic signal AC2 emitted from the sound hole 123a is point symmetric or approximately point symmetric with respect to the axis A1.
  • the sound leakage component of the acoustic signal AC1 can be more appropriately canceled out by the acoustic signal AC2.
  • the multiple sound holes 123a are arranged along the circumference C1 with the same shape, size, and spacing.
  • multiple sound holes 123a with a width of 4 mm and a height of 3.5 mm are arranged along the circumference C1 with the same shape, size, and spacing.
  • the sound leakage components of the acoustic signal AC1 can be more appropriately cancelled out by the acoustic signal AC2.
  • sound hole 123a (second sound hole) is provided in a wall portion adjacent to area AR located on the other side (D2 direction side) of driver unit 11 (see FIG. 3B). This allows the direct wave of acoustic signal AC2 emitted from the other side of driver unit 11 to be efficiently guided to the outside from sound hole 123a. As a result, the sound leakage component of acoustic signal AC1 can be more appropriately cancelled out by acoustic signal AC2.
  • the edge of the open end of the sound hole 123a is rectangular (the open end is square), but this does not limit the acoustic signal output device 10.
  • the edge of the open end of the sound hole 123a may be circular, elliptical, triangular, or other shapes.
  • the open end of the sound hole 123a may also be mesh-like.
  • the open end of the sound hole 123a may be composed of multiple holes.
  • There is also no limit to the number of sound holes 123a and a single sound hole 123a may be provided in the area AR3 of the wall 123 of the housing 12, or multiple sound holes 123a may be provided.
  • the ratio S2 / S1 of the sum S2 of the opening areas of the sound holes 123a (second sound holes) to the sum S1 of the opening areas of the sound holes 121a (first sound holes) satisfies 2/3 ⁇ S2 / S1 ⁇ 4. This allows the sound leakage component of the acoustic signal AC1 to be appropriately cancelled out by the acoustic signal AC2.
  • the sound leakage suppression performance may also depend on the ratio between the area of the wall 123 in which the sound hole 123a is provided and the opening area of the sound hole 123a.
  • the housing 12 has a first end face which is the wall 121 arranged on one side (D1 direction side) of the driver unit 11, a second end face which is the wall 122 arranged on the other side (D2 direction side) of the driver unit 11, and a side face which is the wall 123 surrounding the space between the first end face and the second end face around the axis A1 along the emission direction (D1 direction) of the acoustic signal AC1 passing through the first end face and the second end face, and the sound hole 121a (first sound hole) is provided on the first end face, and the sound hole 123a (second sound hole) is provided on the side face (see FIG.
  • the ratio S2 / S3 of the sum S2 of the opening areas of the sound holes 123a to the total area S3 of the side surfaces is 1/20 ⁇ S2 / S3 ⁇ 1/5. This allows the sound leakage component of the acoustic signal AC1 to be appropriately cancelled by the acoustic signal AC2. However, this does not limit the acoustic signal output device 10.
  • Fig. 5 to Fig. 7 are all diagrams showing the configuration of the headphone device 20, with Fig. 5 being a front view of the headphone device 20 seen from the front, Fig. 6 being a side view of the headphone device 20 seen from the left side, and Fig. 7 being a top view of the headphone device 20 seen from above.
  • the headphone device 20 includes a right headphone 21R, a left headphone 21L, and a headband 22.
  • the headphone device 20 is configured such that the right headphone 21R and the left headphone 21L are connected to the left and right ends of the headband 22.
  • Both the right headphone 21R and the left headphone 21L have an acoustic signal output device array 211.
  • the acoustic signal output device array 211 includes a plurality of acoustic signal output devices 212 arranged to surround the pinna of the listener (see Fig. 6).
  • the acoustic signal output device 212 is an acoustic signal output device that realizes local reproduction based on a dipole sound source, and is, for example, the acoustic signal output device 10 described in ⁇ Technical Background>. Therefore, the acoustic signal output device array 211 is configured to reproduce a sound field based on the Rayleigh integral of the second kind in the vicinity of the pinna.
  • the acoustic signal output device array 211 is configured as a frame-like structure surrounding the auricle, which serves as the framework of the headphone device 20, and multiple acoustic signal output devices 212 may be provided on the frame so as to surround the auricle (see FIG. 8).
  • the headphone device 20 becomes an open-type headphone, which allows the headphone device 20 to take in sounds around the listener without blocking them, and allows the listener to easily hear sounds that warn of danger, such as horns, warning sounds, and alarms, even when the headphone device 20 is used outdoors.
  • the input signals of the acoustic signal output devices 212 included in the acoustic signal output device array 211 are signals obtained by signal processing of electrical signals representing acoustic signals based on physical quantities determined by the positional relationship between the virtual sound source and the acoustic signal output device in order to localize the virtual sound source. Examples of physical quantities are described below.
  • the acoustic signal output device array 211 included in the right headphone 21R includes four acoustic signal output devices 212-R1, acoustic signal output device 212-R2, acoustic signal output device 212-R3, and acoustic signal output device 212-R4, and the acoustic signal output device array 211 included in the left headphone 21L includes four acoustic signal output devices 212-L1, acoustic signal output device 212-L2, acoustic signal output device 212-L3, and acoustic signal output device 212-L4 (see FIG. 9).
  • Example 1 Phase Difference of Acoustic Signals
  • the distances between the virtual sound source and the acoustic signal output device 212-L1, the distance between the virtual sound source and the acoustic signal output device 212-L2, the distance between the virtual sound source and the acoustic signal output device 212-L3, and the distance between the virtual sound source and the acoustic signal output device 212-L4 are r(L1), r(L2), r(L3), and r(L4), respectively, and the speed of sound is c
  • the time Delay(L2) that it takes for the sound emitted from the virtual sound source to reach the acoustic signal output device 212-L2 the time
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to impart a phase difference to an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on a delay equivalent to sample time Ts(L1) (i.e., the phase difference between the acoustic signals) is set as the input signal for the acoustic signal output device 212-L1.
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to impart a phase difference to an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on a delay equivalent to sample time Ts(L2) is set as the input signal for the acoustic signal output device 212-L2
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to impart a phase difference to an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on a delay equivalent to sample time Ts(L3) is set as the input signal for the acoustic signal output device 212-L3
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to impart a phase difference to an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on a delay equivalent to sample time Ts(L4) is set as the input signal for the acoustic signal output device 212-L4.
  • the phase difference may be determined based on the time Delay(L1) that it takes for sound emitted from a virtual sound source to reach the audio signal output device 212-L1.
  • Example 2 Amplitude difference of acoustic signals
  • the position of a virtual sound source may be localized using the amplitude difference of acoustic signals.
  • Example 1 consider a situation in which a sound emitted from a virtual sound source reaches the acoustic signal output device array 211 included in the left headphone 21L. Also, assume that the sound from the virtual sound source is a spherical wave. In this case, distance attenuation 1/r(L1) occurs before the sound emitted from the virtual sound source reaches the acoustic signal output device 212-L1.
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to adjust the amplitude of an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on the amplitude difference of acoustic signals equivalent to the distance attenuation 1/r(L1) is used as the input signal to the acoustic signal output device 212-L1.
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to adjust the amplitude of an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on an amplitude difference between acoustic signals equivalent to distance attenuation 1/r(L2) is the input signal to acoustic signal output device 212-L2
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to adjust the amplitude of an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on an amplitude difference between acoustic signals equivalent to distance attenuation 1/r(L3) is the input signal to acoustic signal output device 212-L3
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to adjust the amplitude of an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on an amplitude difference between acoustic signals equivalent to distance attenuation 1/r(L4) is the input signal to acoustic signal output device 212-L4.
  • signal processing to adjust the amplitude of an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal refers to signal processing in which the amplitude of
  • Example 3 Phase difference and amplitude difference of acoustic signals
  • the position of a virtual sound source may be localized using the phase difference and amplitude difference of acoustic signals.
  • Example 1 consider a situation in which a sound emitted from a virtual sound source reaches the acoustic signal output device array 211 included in the left headphone 21L. Also assume that the sound from the virtual sound source is a spherical wave.
  • the phase difference and amplitude difference that occur when the sound emitted from the virtual sound source reaches the acoustic signal output device 212-L1 can be expressed as exp(-jkr(L1))/r(L1).
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to adjust the phase difference and amplitude of an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on the phase difference and amplitude difference of the acoustic signal equivalent to exp(-jkr(L1))/r(L1) is used as the input signal of the acoustic signal output device 212-L1.
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to adjust the phase difference and amplitude of an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on the phase difference and amplitude difference of an acoustic signal equivalent to exp(-jkr(L2))/r(L2) is set as an input signal for the acoustic signal output device 212-L2
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to adjust the phase difference and amplitude of an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on the phase difference and amplitude difference of an acoustic signal equivalent to exp(-jkr(L3))/r(L3) is set as an input signal for the acoustic signal output device 212-L3
  • a signal obtained by performing signal processing to adjust the phase difference and amplitude of an electrical signal representing an acoustic signal based on the phase difference and amplitude difference of an acoustic signal equivalent to exp(-jkr(L4))/r(L4) is set as an input signal for the acoustic
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an acoustic signal output device array 211 in which multiple acoustic signal output devices 212 are arranged in a circle
  • the arrangement shape does not necessarily have to be circular, and may be elliptical, rectangular, or even other shapes. In other words, it is sufficient that the multiple acoustic signal output devices 212 are arranged so as to surround the auricle.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
PCT/JP2023/021133 2023-06-07 2023-06-07 ヘッドホン装置、音響信号出力方法 Ceased WO2024252549A1 (ja)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08511151A (ja) * 1994-06-08 1996-11-19 ノーザン・テレコム・リミテッド パーソナルハンズフリー通信装置
JP2012178748A (ja) * 2011-02-25 2012-09-13 Sony Corp ヘッドホン装置およびヘッドホン装置の音声再生方法
JP2021516481A (ja) * 2018-01-24 2021-07-01 ハーマン ベッカー オートモーティブ システムズ ゲーエムベーハー 固有の方向性耳介手がかりを生成するヘッドフォン装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08511151A (ja) * 1994-06-08 1996-11-19 ノーザン・テレコム・リミテッド パーソナルハンズフリー通信装置
JP2012178748A (ja) * 2011-02-25 2012-09-13 Sony Corp ヘッドホン装置およびヘッドホン装置の音声再生方法
JP2021516481A (ja) * 2018-01-24 2021-07-01 ハーマン ベッカー オートモーティブ システムズ ゲーエムベーハー 固有の方向性耳介手がかりを生成するヘッドフォン装置

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