WO2024257370A1 - Matériau coulissant et machine à fluide - Google Patents

Matériau coulissant et machine à fluide Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024257370A1
WO2024257370A1 PCT/JP2023/041969 JP2023041969W WO2024257370A1 WO 2024257370 A1 WO2024257370 A1 WO 2024257370A1 JP 2023041969 W JP2023041969 W JP 2023041969W WO 2024257370 A1 WO2024257370 A1 WO 2024257370A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sliding
fiber
composite material
composite
resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/JP2023/041969
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
颯 斎藤
聡之 石井
義雄 小林
伸之 成澤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
Publication of WO2024257370A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024257370A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/18—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to sliding materials and fluid machinery.
  • reciprocating gas compressors and scroll gas compressors are used as gas compressors that compress gases such as air.
  • a piston ring is attached to a piston that reciprocates inside a metal cylinder as a sliding material that slides against the inner surface of the cylinder.
  • chip seals are attached to each end of a metal fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll that slides in contact with the fixed scroll while orbiting against it, as the above-mentioned sliding material.
  • Patent Document 1 states that "The rotating cylinder member 2 and the piston holding member 5 are rotatably supported by the casing and the case top cover, respectively, and the pistons 3 and 4 are held at a rotation center position eccentric to the rotation center position of the piston holding member 5 so that they can rotate around that position.
  • the pistons 3 and 4 move in and out of the cylinder chambers 23a to 23d by rotating around the rotation center position and the rotation center position as a result of the relative rotation between the rotating cylinder member 2 and the piston holding member 5, and the casing is provided with suction ports and discharge ports connected to the cylinder chambers 23a to 23d.
  • the pistons 3 and 4 are made of a resin material containing carbon nanofibers.”
  • the orientation of the carbon nanofibers is not controlled, so that the carbon nanofibers may easily fall off from the pistons 3 and 4 when the pistons 3 and 4 slide.
  • the problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a sliding material and a gas compressor capable of suppressing the falling off of fiber material during sliding.
  • the sliding material disclosed herein is composed of a composite material including a resin material as a base material and a fiber material disposed inside the resin material, has a sliding surface on the surface of the composite material, and the number of fiber materials oriented in a direction within ⁇ 45° with respect to an axis extending in a direction perpendicular to the sliding surface is 50% or more of the total number of fiber materials contained in the composite material.
  • This disclosure provides a sliding material and a gas compressor that can prevent fiber material from falling off during sliding.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a sliding portion in a fluid machine according to an embodiment;
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an ideal orientation of fiber material.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a molten composite material flows within a mold.
  • 3B is a cross-sectional view of the composite material obtained by cutting along the thin solid arrow in FIG. 3A.
  • 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a scroll-type gas compressor as an example of a fluid machine.
  • 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll of the gas compressor shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a gas compression section constituting a reciprocating gas compressor as another embodiment of the fluid machine.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a method for a friction test.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the results of wear volume obtained in a friction test.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the results of the coefficient of friction
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a sliding part 10 in a fluid machine 100 according to one embodiment.
  • the fluid machine 100 is, for example, a gas compressor that compresses gas.
  • the gas compressor may be, for example, a scroll type or a reciprocating type. The specific structure of the gas compressor will be described later with reference to FIG. 4 etc.
  • the sliding part 10 includes a metallic member 11, such as a metal cylinder, and a sliding material 12, such as a piston ring.
  • the sliding material 12 is fitted, for example, around the outer periphery of a piston. In the sliding part 10, the sliding material 12 comes into contact with the member 11 at the sliding surface 11c and slides thereon.
  • the sliding surface 11c is formed on the surface of the member 11.
  • the sliding form between the sliding material 12 and the member 11 may be a reciprocating motion, a circular motion, or an approximately circular motion that is not strictly a circular motion but is similar to a circular motion.
  • the sliding material 12 is composed of a composite material 12c.
  • the composite material 12c includes a resin material 12a, which is a base material, and a fiber material 12b arranged inside the resin material 12a.
  • the fiber material 12b is dispersed, for example, inside the resin material 12a, and preferably dispersed uniformly.
  • the sliding material 12 has a sliding surface 12d on the surface of the composite material 12c. The sliding surface 12d faces the sliding surface 11c, and the sliding surface 12d slides against the sliding surface 11c.
  • the resin material 12a can be made of any resin.
  • the resin material 12a can be a fluororesin, and at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkylvinylether copolymer (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ETFE), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) can be used as the fluororesin.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PFA tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkylvinylether copolymer
  • ETFE tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • two or more types of PTFE and other fluororesins can be used in combination.
  • the resin material 12a can be a resin other than fluororesin, such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyimide (PI), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and modified versions of these.
  • the resin material 12a can be a resin that is a combination of two or more types of resin, and for example, PTFE and a fluororesin other than PTFE can be mixed and used in combination.
  • the resin material 12a does not have to be a fluororesin, and can be any other resin.
  • the resin material 12a contains at least one of polyphenylene sulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyether ether ketone.
  • the durability of the sliding material 12 can be particularly improved.
  • PTFE has high crystallinity and low shear strength. For this reason, when PTFE is subjected to shear, the surface layer easily peels off at a microscopic level and is transferred to the mating surface (sliding surface) such as the inner surface of a cylinder, thereby improving the sliding properties.
  • the fiber material 12b can be made of any material as long as it is a fibrous structure.
  • the fiber material 12b include carbon fiber, glass fiber, metal fiber, and ceramic fiber.
  • the carbon fiber that can be used include pitch-based carbon fiber and PAN-based carbon fiber. Only one type of fiber material 12b may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
  • the fiber material 12b contains carbon fiber. Since carbon fiber is relatively soft, it is less aggressive to the sliding surface 11c and causes less damage to the sliding surface 11c during sliding. This improves the durability of the sliding surface 11c. Furthermore, when the carbon fiber wears away due to sliding, a carbon film is formed on the sliding surface 11c. This improves the lubricity of the sliding surface 11c. Therefore, by including carbon fiber, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect in terms of wear resistance. Furthermore, due to the high affinity between the carbon fiber and the resin material 12a, it is possible to make it difficult for the carbon fiber to fall off during sliding.
  • the type of fiber material 12b can be easily identified by performing morphological observation and chemical analysis using a scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, etc. on samples of the surface of the sliding material 12, crushed pieces of the sliding material 12, etc.
  • the fiber material 12b preferably has a solid rod shape with a fiber length longer than the diameter. With this shape, the fiber material 12b embedded in the resin material 12a can support the load received from the sliding surface 11c when the sliding material 12 slides.
  • the diameter (fiber diameter) of the fiber material 12b is, for example, preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the fiber material 12b is disposed inside the resin material 12a along the wear direction. Therefore, by setting the fiber diameter within this range, the fiber material 12b can bear the load received from the sliding surface 12d through a surface with a relatively wide area. This makes it easier to support the load applied to the fiber material 12b, and prevents the fiber material 12b from falling off the resin material 12a. This effect is particularly noticeable in harsh environments such as high pressure and high temperature.
  • the length (fiber length) of the fiber material 12b is, for example, preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more and 250 ⁇ m or less. By setting the fiber length within this range, the length of the fiber material 12b is sufficiently maintained even if the sliding material 12 is worn down due to sliding, so that the fiber material 12b is less likely to fall off the resin material 12a.
  • the diameter and length of the fiber material 12b can be measured, for example, based on image analysis. Specifically, it is preferable to measure the diameter and length of the fiber material 12b by, for example, selecting multiple (e.g., five) fiber materials 12b in a cross-sectional micrograph and using the average values of the diameter and length of each selected fiber material 12b. Note that, since a cross-sectional micrograph is usually a two-dimensional image, it is possible that the diameter and length of the fiber material 12b cannot be measured for the same fiber material 12b. For this reason, the diameter and length do not need to be measured for the same fiber material 12b, and may be measured for different fiber materials 12b.
  • the number of fiber materials 12b oriented in a direction within ⁇ 45° to the axis L1 extending in a direction perpendicular to the sliding surface 12d (hereinafter referred to as the number of the present disclosure) is 50% or more of the total number of fiber materials 12b contained in the composite material 12c.
  • the number of fiber materials 12b (the number of the present disclosure) whose angle ⁇ between axis L1 and axis L2 is within 45° is 50% or more based on the total number of fiber materials 12b contained in the composite material 12c.
  • the orientation of fiber material 12b is 50% or more.
  • the direction perpendicular to the sliding surface 12d is the thickness direction of the sliding material 12, and is also the wear direction of the sliding material 12.
  • the orientation direction of the fiber material 12b is also the longitudinal direction of the fiber material 12b.
  • the fiber material 12b can be arranged along the wear direction (extension direction of axis L1) of the composite material 12c (sliding material 12). This reduces the effect of the load on the side surface of the fiber material 12b during sliding.
  • the load can be mainly received by the end surface (e.g., the circular upper surface) of the fiber material 12b during sliding, and the fiber material 12b can be prevented from falling off.
  • the wear resistance of the sliding material 12 can be improved, and friction during sliding (e.g., the friction coefficient described below) can be reduced.
  • a cross section in the thickness direction of the sliding material 12 is observed using a scanning electron microscope or the like, and the directionality of each fiber material 12b in the observed cross section is calculated by image analysis.
  • the orientation of the fiber material 12b may be confirmed for the entire cross section of the sliding material 12, but for simplicity, the orientation of the fiber material 12b may be confirmed based on only a portion of a cross section (for example, any one) of a micrograph, and the result may be used to consider the orientation of the fiber material 12b in the entire cross section of the sliding material 12.
  • the angle ⁇ can be determined as follows. For example, in a cross-sectional photograph taken using a scanning electron microscope, the axis L2 indicating the extension direction of the fiber material 12b can be determined by a suitable approximation method or other method, and the angle between the axis L1 and the axis L2 can be measured.
  • Figure 2 shows the ideal orientation of the fiber material 12b.
  • the fiber material 12b faces in the same direction as the axis L1.
  • the axis L1 and the axis L2 are parallel, and the angle ⁇ ( Figure 1) is 0°.
  • the number of fiber materials 12b oriented in a direction preferably within ⁇ 30°, more preferably within ⁇ 15°, of the axis L1 is 50% or more of the total number of fiber materials 12b contained in the composite material 12c.
  • the number of fiber materials 12b having an axis L2 with an angle ⁇ of preferably 30° or less, more preferably 15° or less is 50% or more of the total number of fiber materials 12b contained in the composite material 12c.
  • the number of the present disclosure described above is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and even more preferably 80% or more of the total number of fiber materials 12b contained in the composite material 12c (based on the total number of fiber materials 12b contained in the composite material 12c). In this way, as many fiber materials 12b as possible can be arranged along the axis L1, making it more difficult for the fiber materials 12b to fall off.
  • the reason for controlling the orientation of the fiber material 12b will be explained.
  • the inventors conducted numerous friction tests and found that there is a correlation between the wear of the sliding material 12, which is a composite resin, and the orientation of the fiber material 12b. Specifically, it was determined that when the number of the above-mentioned present disclosure is less than 50% of the total number of fiber materials 12b contained in the composite material 12c, the shear strength of the sliding material 12 is significantly reduced. Furthermore, it was confirmed that in this case, the fiber material 12b falls off from the sliding material 12, and the effect of supporting the shear stress by the fiber material 12b is lost. As a result, it was revealed that wear increases due to the abrasive action of the fallen fiber material 12b. It was also confirmed that the abrasive action tends to increase friction because it impairs the smoothness of the surface of the sliding material 12.
  • the fiber material 12b is oriented so that it is embedded in the sliding material 12 (ideally, in a direction perpendicular to the sliding surface 12d, as shown in FIG. 2, for example) in response to shear stress. Therefore, the contact area between the fiber material 12b and the sliding material 12 on the sliding surface 12d increases. This suppresses the fiber material 12b from falling off. As a result, it has been revealed that the effect of supporting the shear stress by the fiber material 12b is maintained and the abrasive action is also reduced, thereby reducing wear and friction.
  • the shear strength of the composite material 12c can be maintained and the abrasive action of the fallen fiber material 12b can be reduced. This contributes to improving the wear resistance of the sliding material 12 and reducing friction.
  • the "pistons 3 and 4" described in Patent Document 1 may be made of various resins as a base material and contain carbon nanotubes (hereinafter referred to as CNTs).
  • CNTs have a smaller diameter than fibrous materials such as carbon fiber. Therefore, they cannot effectively support shear stress in harsh environments such as high pressure and high temperature.
  • CNTs have a small diameter and are short in length, so the contact area with the base material is small. Therefore, they are prone to falling off from the base material and being worn away by abrasive action, especially in harsh environments.
  • Orientation control of the fiber material 12b can be performed, for example, as follows, but the method of orientation control is not limited to the following example.
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the flow of molten composite material 12c inside mold 70.
  • FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of composite material 12c obtained by cutting at the portion indicated by the thin solid arrow in FIG. 3A.
  • the hollow arrow indicates the flow direction of molten composite material 12c.
  • the composite material 12c When a composite material 12c containing a resin material 12a and a fiber material 12b is injection molded in a mold 70, for example, the composite material 12c flows from one direction to the other in the mold 70, away from the injection port (injection port) of the composite material 12c, as shown by the white arrow. Due to the flow, the fiber material 12b in the composite material 12c is generally arranged along the flow direction of the composite material 12c (i.e., the longitudinal direction of the fiber material 12b faces the flow direction). Therefore, in the solidified composite material 12c, the orientation direction of the fiber material 12b is generally the same. Therefore, the orientation of the fiber material 12b of the composite material 12c molded in this way is confirmed by a cross-sectional micrograph. Then, the orientation of the fiber material 12b in the sliding material 12 can be controlled by, for example, cutting the composite material 12c at the part indicated by the thin solid arrow so that the orientation of the fiber material 12b is in the desired direction.
  • the content of fiber material 12b in composite material 12c is preferably 5% by mass to 50% by mass, more preferably 5% by mass to 30% by mass.
  • content of fiber material 12b is preferably 5% by mass to 50% by mass, more preferably 5% by mass to 30% by mass.
  • the composite material 12c may contain any additives other than the resin material 12a and the fiber material 12b.
  • the composite material 12c may contain a solid lubricant (not shown) disposed in the resin material 12a.
  • the solid lubricant is preferably in particulate form and is disposed, preferably dispersed, in the resin material 12a.
  • the solid lubricant may be, for example, at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), molybdenum disulfide, graphite, boron nitride, etc.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the solid lubricant may be, for example, at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), molybdenum disulfide, graphite, boron nitride, etc.
  • PTFE as a solid lubricant is preferably included when the resin material 12a is a resin material other than PTFE. Even when the resin material 12a is PTFE, it is preferable that the PTFE constituting the resin material 12a and the PTFE constituting the solid lubricant have different physical properties, such as number average molecular weight and degree of polymerization.
  • the solid lubricant preferably contains at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, molybdenum disulfide, and graphite. By including these, the lubricity of the sliding material 12 can be particularly improved.
  • the solid lubricant may have a particle shape with an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ or less, based on a laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement device, for example.
  • the composite material 12c may contain a metal material (not shown, e.g., a filler) disposed in the resin material 12a.
  • the metal material is preferably in particulate form and is disposed, preferably dispersed, in the resin material 12a.
  • the metal material include at least one of copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • the metal material preferably contains at least one of copper or a copper alloy.
  • the metal material may have a particle shape with an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ or less based on a laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement device, for example.
  • the composite material 12c may contain at least one of ceramics, carbon, etc. By including these, it is possible to obtain the same effect as a metal material. These materials may have a particle shape with an average particle size of 10 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ or less based on a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device, for example.
  • the sliding surfaces (sliding interfaces) 11c, 12d may contain lubricants such as lubricating oil, grease, etc.
  • lubricants such as lubricating oil, grease, etc.
  • the fluid machine 100 is a fluid machine that is particularly effective when used in an oil-less state without sufficient lubricating oil, or when used in an oil-free state without any lubricating oil.
  • the member 11 preferably has a surface treatment layer 11b on the surface of the metal material 11a serving as a base material. That is, the sliding surface 11c, which is the further surface of the surface treatment layer 11b, comes into contact with the sliding surface 12d, and the sliding material 12 slides.
  • the member 11 does not necessarily have to have the surface treatment layer 11b, and the metal material 11a may be exposed without having the surface treatment layer 11b. Therefore, the sliding surface 11c, which is the surface of the member 11, may be formed of the metal constituting the metal material 11a, or may be formed of the surface treatment layer 11b.
  • the metal material 11a may be at least one of light metals such as aluminum, magnesium, and silicon, and transition metals such as iron, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, titanium, and copper.
  • Specific examples of the metal material 11a include: Aluminum, aluminum alloys and other aluminum-based materials, Iron-based materials such as iron and iron-nickel alloys, Titanium, titanium alloys and other titanium-based materials, Copper, copper alloys and other copper-based materials, At least one of the above can be used. Among them, when an aluminum-based material is used, excellent effects can be obtained in terms of wear resistance.
  • the aluminum-based material may contain, for example, a small amount of magnesium, silicon, etc.
  • the iron-based material may contain, for example, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, etc.
  • the surface treatment layer 11b is, for example, a natural oxide film that is naturally formed on the metal material 11a, an artificially applied surface coating, etc.
  • the surface treatment layer 11b may be a layer that is formed by natural processing in the natural environment, or a layer that is artificially processed by any surface treatment (for example, sulfuric acid anodizing).
  • a natural oxide film for example, if the metal material 11a is aluminum, the surface treatment layer 11b is made of aluminum oxide, if the metal material 11a is iron, it is made of iron oxide, and if the metal material is copper, it is made of copper oxide.
  • the surface coating layer 11b is a surface coating layer
  • the surface coating layer can be formed by plating, physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), carburizing, etc.
  • the surface coating layer is also composed of a material containing at least one of aluminum, phosphorus, chromium, iron, nickel, and zinc. Examples of surface coatings containing such elements include anodizing, aluminum plating, nickel plating, chromium plating, iron plating, and zinc plating.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a scroll-type gas compressor 20 as an example of a fluid machine 100.
  • the gas compressor 20 includes a casing 23 forming the outer shell of the gas compressor 20, a drive shaft 24 rotatably mounted in the casing 23, a fixed scroll 21 attached to the casing 23, and an orbiting scroll 22 rotatably mounted on a crankshaft 24A of the drive shaft 24.
  • the fixed scroll 21 comprises a fixed mirror plate 21a and a fixed scroll wrap 21b formed in a spiral shape on one main surface side of the fixed mirror plate 21a.
  • the orbiting scroll 22 comprises a orbiting mirror plate 22a and a orbiting scroll wrap 22b formed in a spiral shape on one main surface side of the orbiting mirror plate 22a.
  • the orbiting scroll 22 has a boss portion 22f protruding from the center of the back side of the orbiting mirror plate 22a.
  • the orbiting scrolls 22 are arranged facing each other so that the orbiting scroll wrap 22b meshes with the fixed scroll wrap 21b. This forms a compression/expansion chamber 25 between the fixed scroll wrap 21b and the orbiting scroll wrap 22b as a working space for compressing or expanding gas.
  • the compression/expansion chamber 25 is provided in the gas compressor 20 (an example of a fluid machine 100) and is an example of a chamber that performs at least one of compression and expansion. However, the compression/expansion chamber 25 may be a chamber that performs both compression and expansion.
  • the sliding portion 30 is provided in the gas compressor 20 and has a sliding material 12 that slides on a sliding surface 12d that defines the compression/expansion chamber 25.
  • the sliding material 12 is the chip seals 291, 292 described below.
  • the sliding surface 12d is the wrap bottom surfaces 21e, 22e ( Figure 5) described below.
  • An intake port 26 is drilled on the outer periphery of the fixed mirror plate 21a.
  • the intake port 26 is connected to the compression/expansion chamber 25 on the outermost periphery.
  • An exhaust port 27 is drilled in the center of the fixed mirror plate 21a. The exhaust port 27 opens into the compression/expansion chamber 25 on the innermost periphery.
  • the drive shaft 24 is rotatably supported in the casing 23 via ball bearings 28.
  • One end of the drive shaft 24 is connected to an electric motor (not shown) or the like outside the casing 23, and the other end of the drive shaft 24 extends into the casing 23 to form the crankshaft 24A.
  • the axis of the crankshaft 24A is eccentric by a predetermined distance with respect to the axis of the drive shaft 24.
  • a circular thrust receiving portion 31 is provided on the inner circumference on the side of the orbiting scroll 22.
  • a thrust plate 32 is provided between the thrust receiving portion 31 and the orbiting mirror plate 22a.
  • the thrust plate 32 is formed as a circular plate body made of a metal material such as iron.
  • An Oldham ring 33 is provided between the thrust receiving portion 31 and the rotating head 22a, closer to the center than the thrust plate 32.
  • the Oldham ring 33 suppresses the rotation of the rotating scroll 22 and gives the crankshaft 24A a circular motion with a predetermined orbital radius.
  • the orbiting scroll 22 orbits with a predetermined orbital radius.
  • the outside air sucked in from the intake port 26 is compressed sequentially in the compression/expansion chamber 25 defined between the fixed scroll wrap 21b and the orbiting scroll wrap 22b.
  • the compressed air thus generated is discharged from the discharge port 27 of the fixed scroll 21 to an external air tank (not shown) or the like.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the fixed scroll 21 and the orbiting scroll 22 of the gas compressor 20 shown in FIG. 4.
  • a groove 21d is formed in the end face 21c of the fixed scroll wrap 21b facing the orbiting mirror plate 22a, and a chip seal 291 (sliding material) is fitted into the groove 21d.
  • a groove 22d is also formed in the end face 22c of the orbiting scroll wrap 22b facing the fixed mirror plate 21a, and a chip seal 292 (sliding material) is also fitted into the groove 22d.
  • the tip seal 291 slides against the wrap bottom surface 21e (sliding surface) of the orbiting mirror plate 22a, and the tip seal 292 slides against the wrap bottom surface 22e (sliding surface) of the fixed mirror plate 21a. This makes it possible to suppress contact between the fixed scroll wrap 21b and the wrap bottom surface 21e, and between the orbiting scroll wrap 22b and the wrap bottom surface 22e, and to obtain a smooth sliding state.
  • the fixed scroll 21 and the orbiting scroll 22 correspond to the member 11 in FIG. 1.
  • the fixed scroll 21 and the orbiting scroll 22 (particularly the wrap bottom surfaces 21e, 22e) are made of an aluminum-based material, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • An anodized layer (not shown) is formed on each surface of the fixed scroll 21 and the orbiting scroll 22 as an example of the surface treatment layer 11b (FIG. 1). Therefore, in the gas compressor 20, the sliding surface 11c is formed on the surface of an aluminum member containing aluminum, and is the surface of the anodized layer.
  • the surface of the thrust plate 32 or the surface of the swiveling mirror plate 22a that forms the sliding surface may be coated with the composite resin material described above.
  • the thrust plate 32 was made of a metal material such as iron, but the thrust plate 32 itself may be made of the sliding material 12 (composite resin material).
  • the gas compressor 20 is provided with a mechanism (rotation suppression mechanism) that suppresses the rotation of the orbiting scroll 22 by using the thrust plate 32 and the Oldham ring 33 located closer to the center than the thrust plate 32.
  • the gas compressor 20 is not limited to the above description, and may be a scroll-type gas compressor that is provided with a rotation prevention mechanism such as an auxiliary crank or an Oldham coupling (not shown).
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a gas compression section 40 constituting a reciprocating gas compressor 400 as another embodiment of the fluid machine 100.
  • gas compressors 400 There are two types of gas compressors 400.
  • the first type is a normal piston type in which a piston supported by a bearing that can oscillate is provided at the compression/expansion chamber side end of the connecting rod.
  • a normal piston type gas compressor compresses gas by the reciprocating motion of a piston supported by a bearing that can oscillate.
  • the second type is a rocking piston type in which a piston is integrated with the connecting rod and there is no bearing provided at the compression/expansion chamber side of the connecting rod.
  • FIG. 6 shows a gas compression section 40 of the rocking piston type, which is the second type, as an example.
  • the gas compression section 40 includes a cylinder 41 and a piston 42 that reciprocates while oscillating inside the cylinder 41.
  • the cylinder 41 (an example of a member 11) is made of an aluminum-based material such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • An anodized aluminum layer (not shown) is formed on the inner surface 48 of the cylinder 41 as an example of the surface treatment layer 11b (FIG. 1).
  • the surface treatment layer 11b such as the anodized aluminum layer does not have to be formed.
  • the anodized aluminum layer may be formed by natural oxidation or by anodizing.
  • the inner surface 48 is an example of the sliding surface 11c, and is formed on the surface of an aluminum member containing aluminum, and is the surface of the anodized aluminum layer.
  • a piston ring 43 (an example of a sliding material 12) is fitted around the piston 42.
  • a compression/expansion chamber 44 is formed as a working space for compressing or expanding the gas.
  • the compression/expansion chamber 44 is provided in a gas compressor 400 (an example of a fluid machine 100), and is an example of a chamber that performs at least one of compression or expansion.
  • the compression/expansion chamber 44 may also be a chamber that performs both compression and expansion.
  • the upper end of the cylinder 41 is closed by a partition plate 45, which has an intake port 45a and an exhaust port 45b.
  • the intake port 45a and the exhaust port 45b are provided with an intake valve 45c and an exhaust valve 45d.
  • the intake port 45a and the exhaust port 45b are each connected to a pipe (not shown).
  • the operating principle of gas compression is explained below.
  • the piston 42 is integral with the connecting rod 46.
  • the crankshaft 47 rotates, the piston 42 moves up and down.
  • gas is sucked into the compression/expansion chamber 44 from the intake port 45a, and the gas is compressed in the compression/expansion chamber 44.
  • the compressed gas is discharged to the outside through the discharge port 45b and is collected by piping (not shown).
  • the sliding part 50 in the gas compressor 400 is described below.
  • the sliding part 50 is provided in the gas compressor 400 (an example of a fluid machine 100), and includes a piston ring 43 (an example of a sliding material 12) that slides on an inner surface 48 that defines the compression/expansion chamber 44.
  • the piston ring 43 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the piston 42.
  • the piston 42 is a separate part from the connecting rod 46 that supports the piston 42.
  • the connecting rod 46 may be made of metal or resin.
  • the reciprocating gas compressor 400 is of the oscillating piston type, but is not limited to this and may be of the normal piston type described above.
  • the sliding material 12 can be applied to a piston ring, a rider ring, etc. (neither of which are shown in the figure).
  • the gas supplied by the gas compressor 20, 400 is not limited to air, but may be atmospheric air or a dry gas with extremely low water vapor content.
  • dry gases include gases with a dew point of -30°C or lower.
  • synthetic air high-purity nitrogen gas, oxygen gas, helium gas, argon gas, and hydrogen gas.
  • the sliding material 12 can exhibit sufficient wear resistance and low friction regardless of the type of gas being compressed. For this reason, a gas compressor using the sliding material 12 can also be used to compress dry gas, for example.
  • the orientation of the fiber material 12b was set to 50% or more. Specifically, it was 75% in Example 1, 60% in Example 2, and 50% in Example 3.
  • the orientation of the fiber material 12b was set to less than 50%. Specifically, it was 35% in Comparative Example 1 and 20% in Comparative Example 2.
  • the materials used and the orientation of the fiber material 12b are summarized in Table 1 below.
  • Fig. 7 is a diagram for explaining the method of the friction test.
  • Each of the composite materials 12c of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was molded into a block-shaped test piece 61.
  • the test piece 61 imitates the above-mentioned sliding material 12 (Fig. 1).
  • the test piece 61 was a rectangular parallelepiped with a width of 6 mm, a length of 20 mm, and a height of 5 mm, and was produced by chamfering two opposing longitudinal sides of the upper surface. The chamfering was set to 0.5 mm each.
  • the test piece 62 used in the friction test was prepared by the following method.
  • the test piece 62 imitates, for example, the above-mentioned member 11 (Fig. 1).
  • the test piece 62 was prepared by molding an aluminum alloy into a ring shape (annular, cylindrical) with an outer diameter of 13 mm and an inner diameter of 9 mm.
  • An anodized aluminum layer was formed on the surface of the test piece 62 (particularly the lower surface) by sulfuric acid anodizing treatment.
  • the friction test was performed by contacting and rotating (i.e., sliding) the bottom surface of ring-shaped test piece 62 against the top surface of test piece 61.
  • the test conditions were controlled as follows: contact pressure 0.9 MPa, rotation speed 1.9 m/s, temperature 90°C, and rotation for 15 hours.
  • Figure 8 shows the results of the wear amount obtained in the friction test.
  • the wear amount was the difference in mass of the test piece 61 before and after the wear test.
  • the wear amount is expressed as a relative value when Comparative Example 2 is set to 1.
  • the wear amount was reduced to about 0.3 (30%) compared to Comparative Example 2.
  • Comparative Example 1 the wear amount was about 0.9 (90%) compared to Comparative Example 2, and it was found that there was no significant difference in the wear amount between Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
  • Figure 9 shows the results of the friction coefficient obtained in the friction test.
  • the friction coefficient was calculated by dividing the mass loss (amount of wear) before and after the friction test by the density of the test piece 61. The smaller the friction coefficient, the less likely it is to wear, and the higher the durability, such as wear resistance, is. In Examples 1 to 3, the friction coefficient was reduced to about 0.6 (60%) compared to Comparative Example 2. On the other hand, Comparative Example 1 was almost the same as Comparative Example 2, and it was found that there was no significant difference in the friction coefficient.
  • the fiber material 12b can support the load from the sliding surface 12d for a long period of time, and it is considered that the abrasive action can be suppressed. Therefore, it was confirmed that by setting the orientation of the fiber material 12b to 50% or more, it is possible to achieve both improvement of the wear resistance of the sliding material 12 and reduction of the friction coefficient.
  • the sliding material 12 to, for example, the tip seal of a scroll gas compressor or the piston of a reciprocating gas compressor, the wear resistance of the tip seal, piston, etc. can be improved, and the replacement life of these can be extended. In addition, loss due to friction can be reduced. As a result, the maintenance cycle and life of fluid machinery such as scroll gas compressors and reciprocating gas compressors can be extended and their efficiency can be improved.
  • Comparative Example 1 was almost the same as Comparative Example 2, with no significant difference in the amount of wear and coefficient of friction. This result is believed to be due to a decrease in the shear strength of the composite material 12c and an increase in the loss of the fiber material 12b due to a decrease in the contact area with the resin material 12a on the sliding surface 12d. As a result, it is believed that the amount of wear increased and the coefficient of friction increased due to the abrasive action.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention aborde le problème de la fourniture d'un matériau coulissant en mesure d'empêcher un matériau fibreux de tomber pendant le coulissement. Afin de résoudre ce problème, un matériau coulissant (12) est composé d'un matériau composite (12c) et présente une surface coulissante (12d) sur une surface du matériau composite (12c), le matériau composite (12c) comportant un matériau de résine (12a) en tant que matériau de base et un matériau fibreux (12b1) disposé à l'intérieur du matériau de résine (12a). Le nombre de morceaux du matériau fibreux (12b) orientés dans une direction à ± 45° par rapport à un axe (L1) s'étendant dans une direction perpendiculaire à la surface coulissante (12d) est de 50 % ou plus du nombre total de morceaux du matériau fibreux (12b) inclus dans le matériau composite (12c).
PCT/JP2023/041969 2023-06-16 2023-11-22 Matériau coulissant et machine à fluide Pending WO2024257370A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2023099413A JP2024180012A (ja) 2023-06-16 2023-06-16 摺動材及び流体機械
JP2023-099413 2023-06-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024257370A1 true WO2024257370A1 (fr) 2024-12-19

Family

ID=93851706

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2023/041969 Pending WO2024257370A1 (fr) 2023-06-16 2023-11-22 Matériau coulissant et machine à fluide

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2024180012A (fr)
WO (1) WO2024257370A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05239440A (ja) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-17 Sakagami Seisakusho:Kk シール装置
JPH0666138A (ja) * 1992-08-18 1994-03-08 Oiles Ind Co Ltd 球帯状シール体並びにその製造方法
WO2013047625A1 (fr) * 2011-09-28 2013-04-04 株式会社リケン Composition de résine et élément coulissant utilisant celle-ci

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05239440A (ja) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-17 Sakagami Seisakusho:Kk シール装置
JPH0666138A (ja) * 1992-08-18 1994-03-08 Oiles Ind Co Ltd 球帯状シール体並びにその製造方法
WO2013047625A1 (fr) * 2011-09-28 2013-04-04 株式会社リケン Composition de résine et élément coulissant utilisant celle-ci

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
WANG HUAIYUAN, WANG RUI, WANG CHAO, LI MEILING, ZHU YANJI: "Influence of fiber orientation on the tribological properties of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites corroded by 10 wt% sulfuric acid solution", JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH, MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY, WARRENDALE, PA, US, vol. 32, no. 4, 28 February 2017 (2017-02-28), US , pages 801 - 809, XP093248687, ISSN: 0884-2914, DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2017.13 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2024180012A (ja) 2024-12-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2005068840A1 (fr) Machine de fluide
CN104074753A (zh) 制冷剂压缩机
CN1455126A (zh) 供二氧化碳制冷剂压缩机用的轴承、使用该轴承的压缩机及其应用
CN1989184B (zh) 滑动部件用组合物、滑动部件及流体机械
CN101133126B (zh) 滑动部件用组合物、滑动部件以及流体机械
JP2013015092A (ja) 圧縮機
JP2018066427A (ja) 機械装置及びこれに用いる摺動材
JP7431105B2 (ja) 圧縮機
JP6951561B2 (ja) 流体機械、機械要素およびフッ素樹脂材
WO2024257370A1 (fr) Matériau coulissant et machine à fluide
CN1273625A (zh) 冷冻机用压缩机的轴承及冷冻机用压缩机
JP2009287483A (ja) 冷媒圧縮機
WO2023228435A1 (fr) Matériau coulissant et compresseur de gaz
JPS61197794A (ja) 容積形オイルフリ−式ガス圧送ポンプ
JPH11107953A (ja) 流体圧縮機
JP7252067B2 (ja) 摺動材
JP3878835B2 (ja) 冷媒圧縮機とこれを用いた空調機及び冷凍機並びにその軸受
CN103032332B (zh) 密闭型制冷剂压缩机及其使用的轴承部件
US20210222693A1 (en) Orbiter vacuum pump capable of dry-running
JP7623872B2 (ja) 摺動材及び流体機械
CN100443726C (zh) 制冷剂压缩机及轴承、以及使用该压缩机的空调和制冷器
JP2005133586A (ja) 密閉型冷媒圧縮機
JPH06159259A (ja) ポンプ
JP2008280846A (ja) 密閉型冷媒圧縮機
JP2002174188A (ja) 無給油式スクロール圧縮機及びその製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23941669

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE